International Journal of Nanomedicine
·
2017
·
IF 4.3
QiHong Wu,RongRong Jin,Ting Feng,Li Liu,Li Yang,YuHong Tao,James M Anderson,Hua Ai,Hong Li
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been widely used in biomedical applications, but understanding of their interactions with the biological immune system is relatively limited. This work is focused on dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles and their induced autophagy in human monocytes. We found that these nanoparticles can be taken up by human monocytes, followed by localization within vesicles or free in cytoplasm. Autophagosome formation was observed with increased expression of LC3II protein, the specific marker of autophagy. The autophagy substrate p62 was degraded in a dose-dependent manner, and autophagy was blocked by autophagy (or lysosome) inhibitors alone or along with iron oxide nanoparticles, indicating that autophagosome accumulation was mainly due to autophagy induction, rather than blockade of autophagy flux. Interestingly, iron oxide nanoparticles increased the viability of human monocytes, but the mechanism was not clear. We further found that inhibition of autophagy mostly attenuated the survival of cells, with acceleration of the inflammation induced by these nanoparticles. Taken together, autophagic activation in human monocytes may play a protective role against the cytotoxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles.
研究领域:
纳米技术
·
免疫学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2018
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·e0197934
·
IF 2.766
Xi Chen,Long-Yun Li,Jin-Lan Jiang,Kai Li,Zhen-Bo Su,Fu-Qiang Zhang,Wen-Jing Zhang,Guo-Qing Zhao
In this study, we investigated the relationship between propofol and autophagy and examined whether this relationship depends on ER stress, production of ROS (reactive oxygen species), and disruption of calcium (Ca 2+ ) homeostasis. To this end, we measured C2C12 cell apoptosis in vitro , along with Ca 2+ levels; ROS production; and expression of proteins and genes associated with autophagy, Ca 2+ homeostasis, and ER stress, including LC3 (microtubule-associate protein 1 light chain 3), p62, AMPK (adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase), phosphorylated AMPK, mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin), phosphorylated mTOR, CHOP (C/BEP homologous protein), and Grp78/Bip (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein). We found that propofol treatment induced autophagy, ER stress, and Ca 2+ release. The ratio of phosphorylated AMPK to AMPK increased, whereas the ratio of phosphorylated mTOR to mTOR decreased. Collectively, the data suggested that propofol induced autophagy in vitro through ER stress, resulting in elevated ROS and Ca 2+ . Additionally, co-administration of an ER stress inhibitor blunted the effect of propofol.
研究领域:
药理学
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 39
·期 9
·e70455
·
IF 2.8
Lihan Xie,Weinan Li,Shiqi Fan,Jinsong Jin
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes, often characterized by podocyte injury, proteinuria, and eventual renal failure. Sinomenine hydrochloride (SH), an active component derived from traditional Chinese medicine, is clinically effective in treating kidney diseases. This study investigates the protective effects of SH on podocytes under high-glucose conditions and its mechanism of action. Mouse podocytes (MPC-5) were treated with SH at concentrations of 50, 200, and 600 μg/mL under high-glucose conditions (30 mmol/L) for 24 h to establish a DKD model. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assays, and apoptosis rates were measured using flow cytometry. Autophagy levels were evaluated by detecting LC3-II, Beclin-1, and P62 proteins via Western blot analysis, while the involvement of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was analyzed by examining phosphorylated AKT and mTOR. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe autophagosomes. SH improved podocyte viability, reduced apoptosis, and enhanced autophagic activity by increasing LC3-II and Beclin-1 expression while decreasing P62 levels. SH also downregulated p-AKT and p-mTOR, indicating inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Electron microscopy confirmed increased autophagosomes in SH-treated groups. SH protects podocytes in a high-glucose environment by enhancing autophagy through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. These findings provide insights into SH as a potential therapeutic agent for DKD management.
研究领域:
药理学
·
细胞生物学
·
肾病学
·
分子生物学
·
中医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Sijia Weng,Hongmei Chen,Junli Wang,Jianjun Yang,Shuoyu Qiu,Yufeng Liu,Tongbo Zhu
Over the past four decades, efforts to improve the prognosis of pancreatic cancer have yielded limited progress, largely due to the complex genetic mutations, a desmoplastic tumor microenvironment, and the rapid metabolic rewiring that enables pancreatic cancer cells to adapt to cellular stress. Recent studies have demonstrated the critical reliance of pancreatic cancer cells on autophagy for survival, fitness, and the development of resistance to various clinical therapies. These findings position autophagy as a potential therapeutic vulnerability for the development of novel neoadjuvant treatments. However, conventional autophagy inhibition often leads to the accumulation of p62, which activates p62-dependent pathways that promote tumor growth and metastasis, thereby limiting the efficacy of autophagy-targeting therapies. In this study, we demonstrate that the atypical protein kinase C isoform zeta (PKCζ) plays a pivotal role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Inhibition of PKCζ downregulates BCL-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), reduces the expression of key autophagy-related proteins, autophagy related 5 (ATG5) and Beclin-1, and attenuates autophagic flux. Notably, PKCζ-mediated autophagy suppression does not result in p62 accumulation, circumventing the pro-tumorigenic effects associated with conventional autophagy inhibition. Furthermore, PKCζ inhibition enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of other chemotherapeutic agents, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors, in PDAC. These findings identify PKCζ as a promising therapeutic target and provide a foundation for the development of innovative treatment strategies for pancreatic cancer.
研究领域:
癌症生物学
·
分子生物学
·
细胞生物学
·
肿瘤学
·
药理学
·
信号转导
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 12.479
Qi Xu,Hao Zhang,Hanghang Liu,Yaobao Han,Weibao Qiu,Zhen Li
Radio-resistance of glioblastoma (GBM) remains a leading cause of radiotherapy failure because of the protective autophagy induced by X-Ray irradiation and tumor cells’ strong capability of repairing damaged DNA . It is of great importance to overcome the radio-resistance for improving the efficacy of radiotherapy. Herein, we report the novel mechanism of core-shell copper selenide coated gold nanoparticles ( [email protected] 2- x Se NPs) inhibiting the protective autophagy and DNA repair of tumor cells to drastically boost the radiotherapy efficacy of glioblastoma. We reveal that the core-shell [email protected] 2- x Se NPs can inhibit the autophagy flux by effectively alkalizing lysosomes . They can increase the SQSTM1/p62 protein levels of tumor cells without influencing their mRNA. We also reveal that [email protected] 2- x Se NPs can increase the ubiquitination of DNA repair protein Rad51, and promote the degradation of Rad51 by proteasomes to prevent the DNA repair. The simultaneous inhibition of protective autophagy and DNA repair significantly suppress the growth of orthotopic GBM by using radiotherapy and our novel [email protected] 2- x Se NPs. Our work provides a new insight and paradigm to significantly improve the efficacy of radiotherapy by rationally designing theranostic nano-agents to simultaneously inhibit protective autophagy and DNA repair of tumor cells.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
纳米技术
·
放射生物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CANCER GENE THERAPY
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 8
·1217-1227
·
IF 5.854
Wang Zhiwei,Li Mingxing,Liu Yuanfeng,Qiao Zhentao,Yang Ling,Liu Bo,Bai Tao
Autophagy is the predominant self-eating catabolic pathway activated in response to nutrient starvation and hypoxia within the microenvironment of varied malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). SQSTM1/p62 links its cargos to autophagosomes for degradation, and reportedly acts as a contributor for hepatocarcinogenesis. Five GEO gene microarrays identified corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) binding protein (CRHBP) as a significantly downregulated gene in HCC (log2 Fold change < −3 and p < 0.001), and an earlier human interactome study indicated that CRHBP may interact with p62. This study aimed to explore (1) the role of CRHBP in HCC development, and (2) whether p62-mediated autophagy was responsible for low CRHBP expression within HCC tissue. Following functional experiments first revealed an anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic role of CRHBP in HCC cells (Huh-7, Li-7 and HCCLM3) and xenografts. CRHBP negatively regulated cyclin B2 expression, and dissociated cyclin B2-CDK1 complex in HCC cells, thereby leading to cell cycle arrest at G2 phase. To simulate HCC microenvironment in vitro, Huh-7 cells were incubated in Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution (nutrient starvation) or exposed to 1% O 2 (hypoxic exposure). In addition to activating autophagy, nutrient starvation and hypoxic exposure also induced CRHBP degradation. Interestingly, CRHBP was demonstrated as a novel cargo targeted by p62 for degradation in autophagosomes. Blocking autophagy with 3-MA, chloroquine or siSQSTM1 prevented CRHBP degradation in HCC cells. Collectively, our study uncovers a role for CRHBP in retarding HCC development, reducing cyclin B2 expression and impairing cyclin B2-CDK1 interaction. CRHBP downregulation in HCC may attribute to p62-mediated autophagy.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
·
癌症研究
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2022
·
IF 5.988
Yuan Yuan,Li Jinmeng,Chen Yanhong,Cai Qingshan,Xu Yingying,Lin Luting,Lang Yazhen,Guo Suhang,Zhang Ruoying,Cai Xinjun
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a main global health concern as there is no comprehensive therapeutic intervention yet and numerous adverse effects follow the therapeutic process. In recent years, linezolid has been frequently used for treating MDR-TB. However, peripheral neuropathy associated with linezolid has reduced patient compliance. The current study explored the mechanism underlying linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy in MDR-TB. Autophagy plays a neuroprotective role against peripheral nerve injury. We hypothesized that autophagy might also play a neuroprotective role against linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy. In this study, we collected 12 questionnaires from MDR-TB patients in our hospital, and 10 of them developed linezolid-induced pain. The pain is mainly concentrated in the feet and accompanied by numbness. Subsequently, we used Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and Schwann cells (SCs) to explore the mechanism. We found that linezolid causes a sparse arrangement of sciatic nerve tissue with associated loss of neurons, myelin sheaths, and down-regulation of LC3B expression. These results were also confirmed by in vitro experiments, showing that linezolid inhibited the proliferation of SCs. And the expression of P-AKT and P62 was elevated, and the expression of LC3B declined compared with the control group. Moreover, chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, also exhibited experimental results similar to linezolid. In summary, we conclude that linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy is associated with the inhibition of autophagy flux.
研究领域:
药理学
·
神经科学
·
传染病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
STAR Protocols
·
2024
·
IF 1.3
Chunyang Xie,Dong Luo,Lu Liu,Xue Huang,Shao-Lin Zhang,Aimin Yang
Summary S -acylation of proteins allows their association with membranes. Here, we present a protocol for establishing a platform for membrane affinity evaluation of S -acylated proteins in vitro . We describe steps for preparing lipid-maleimide compounds, mCherry-p62 recombinant proteins, and total cellular membranes. We then detail procedures for synthesizing protein-lipid conjugates using lipid-maleimide compounds and recombinant proteins and evaluating the membrane affinity of protein-lipid conjugates. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Huang Xue et al. 1
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分子生物学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Ophthalmology
·
2021
·
IF 1.779
Qian Zhang,Hong-Song Li,Rong Li,Jun-Hui Du,Cong Jiao
AIM To observe the role and mechanism of autophagy in retinal pigment epithelial cell (RPE) damaged by high glucose, so as to offer a new idea for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS ARPE-19, a human RPE cell line cultured in vitro was divided into the normal control (NC), autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA), high-glucose (HG), and HG+3-MA groups. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay and the apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of apoptosis markers, including Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3, as well as autophagy marker including microtubule-related protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), p62, and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) were detected by Western blotting. Autophagic flux was detected by transfection with Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B. RESULTS Under high glucose conditions, the viability of ARPE-19 was decreased, and the apoptosis rate increased, the protein expressions of Bax, Caspase-3, and LC3-II/LC3-I were all increased and the expressions of Bcl-2, p62 and p-mTOR decreased, and autophagic flux was increased compared with that of the controls. Treatment with 3-MA reversed all these changes caused by high glucose. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrates the mechanisms of cell damage of ARPE-19 through high glucose/mTOR/autophagy/apoptosis pathway, and new strategies for DR may be developed based on autophagy regulation to manage cell death of RPE cells.
研究领域:
眼科学
·
细胞生物学
·
糖尿病
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
·
2021
·Vol. 25
·期 11
·4962-4973
·
IF 5.31
Mingyu He,Gege Yan,Yang Wang,Rui Gong,Hong Lei,Shuting Yu,Xiaoqi He,Guanghui Li,Weijie Du,Tianshuai Ma,Manqi Gao,Meixi Yu,Shenzhen Liu,Zihang Xu,Elina Idiiatullina,Naufal Zagidullin,Valentin Pavlov,Benzhi Cai,Ye Yuan,Lei Yang
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in adolescence. Lately, light-emitting diodes (LED)-based therapy has emerged as a new promising approach for several diseases. However, it remains unknown in human OS. Here, we found that the blue LED irradiation significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of human OS cells, while we observed blue LED irradiation increased ROS production through increased NADPH oxidase enzymes NOX2 and NOX4, as well as decreased Catalase (CAT) expression levels. Furthermore, we revealed blue LED irradiation-induced autophagy characterized by alterations in autophagy protein markers including Beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I and P62. Moreover, we demonstrated an enhanced autophagic flux. The blockage of autophagy displayed a remarkable attenuation of anti-tumour activities of blue LED irradiation. Next, ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and NOX inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) blocked suppression of OS cell growth, indicating that ROS accumulation might play an essential role in blue LED-induced autophagic OS cell death. Additionally, we observed blue LED irradiation decreased EGFR activation (phosphorylation), which in turn led to Beclin-1 release and subsequent autophagy activation in OS cells. Analysis of EGFR colocalization with Beclin-1 and EGFR-immunoprecipitation (IP) assay further revealed the decreased interaction of EGFR and Beclin-1 upon blue LED irradiation in OS cells. In addition, Beclin-1 down-regulation abolished the effects of blue LED irradiation on OS cells. Collectively, we concluded that blue LED irradiation exhibited anti-tumour effects on OS by triggering ROS and EGFR/Beclin-1-mediated autophagy signalling pathway, representing a potential approach for human OS treatment.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
·
光生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2022
·
IF 3.715
Lin Bai,Yingying Wu,Ruike Wang,Rundong Liu,Mengchen Liu,Qiong Li,Yue Ba,Huizhen Zhang,Guoyu Zhou,Fangfang Yu,Hui Huang
As a ubiquitous toxic heavy metal, lead (Pb) exposure is known to be implicated in the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases which may cause more serious health hazards with age and the accumulation of Pb in the body. Autophagy is the main degradation route for abnormal aggregated proteins and damaged cell organelles. Here, we aimed to study the effects of adolescent Pb exposure on autophagy at different life nodes. In this study, we developed a time-series model of Pb exposure in mice and randomly divided 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice into six groups (4 C, 13 C, 16 C, 4Pb, 13Pb and 16Pb). Mice in Pb groups was consumed deionized water containing 0.2 % Pb(Ac) 2 for 3 months and then reared to anticipated life nodes, while the control group consumed deionized water. Western blot and Real-time qPCR were used to assess the effects of developmental Pb exposure on individual components of the autophagy machinery and modulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) at each age stage. Our results showed that Pb exposure during adolescence reduced the p-mTOR/mTOR ratios with enhanced expression of Beclin-1, Atg12 and Atg7in both the hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of senescent mice while upregulation of LC3II/LC3I ratios and p62 suggested that autophagy mediates degradation was interrupted. Overall, we confirm that Pb exposure during adolescence promotes autophagic processes in the aged mice brain and that autophagic degradation is hindered, ultimately leading to a failure of autophagic degradation.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
神经科学
·
分子生物学
·
发育生物学
·
衰老研究
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
·
2018
·
IF 3.457
Jian Yin,Ge Gong,Chao Sun,Zhaoyang Yin,Chao Zhu,Bin Wang,Qin Hu,Yuerong Zhu,Xinhui Liu
Angiogenesis plays a key role in the repair of large segmental bone defects with tissue-engineered bones. However, there is no effective method of promoting angiogenesis in tissue-engineered bone. Both angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) and autophagy have been shown to be involved in angiogenesis, but their roles in angiogenesis of tissue-engineered bone remains unknown. In this in vivo study, a radius bone defect was created in New Zealand white rabbits, which were then treated by implantation of a hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffold followed by injection of different concentrations of Ang2. Expression of the autophagic modulators microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin-1, and SQSTM1/P62 were measured via western blotting, while the angiogenic modulators VEGF and CD31 were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. X-ray imaging combined with general observation was used to evaluate bone defect healing. Expression of LC3 -I/LC3-II, Beclin-1, VEGF, and CD31 in the callus area increased and SQSTM1/p62 decreased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing Ang2 concentration. In the group treated with a high concentration of Ang2, the new callus grew well, accompanied by remarkable angiogenesis, leading to good repair of the bone defects. However, in the low concentration of Ang2 group, in spite of the existence of angiogenesis and new bone formation, the bone defects were not repaired. Furthermore, angiogenesis and osteogenesis were both obstructed in the control group. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that a high concentration of Ang2 promoted angiogenesis in tissue-engineered bone and improved repair of bone defects by inducing autophagy.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
组织工程
·
骨科
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）