CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
·Vol. 33
·期 18
·3729-3749
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IF 3.2
Yang Wei,Qian Zhou,Dan Li,Honghong He,Yao Su,Guanglei Chang,Youqin Jiang
Background Cardiac remodeling Post-Myocardial Infarction (MI) drives heart failure. Geniposide (GP), a traditional Chinese medicine-derived compound, exhibits cardioprotective potential, yet its mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored the GP’s role in post-MI remodeling via Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Methods Murine MI and cardiomyocyte Chronic Hypoxia (CH) models were established. MI mice received GP; cardiac function, histopathology, apoptosis, fibrosis/autophagy markers, and mitochondrial clearance were assessed. in vitro, Parkin-silenced hypoxic cardiomyocytes were used to evaluate GP’s effects on viability, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, autophagy proteins, and autophagosome formation. Results In vivo, GP improved cardiac function, reduced fibrosis/apoptosis, and suppressed fibrosis-related genes (Col1a1, Col3a1, Tgfb1, Mmp9). GP enhanced clearance of damaged mitochondria via autophagy, mitigating oxidative stress. in vitro, GP’s protection against hypoxia required Parkin: it preserved mitochondrial homeostasis, inhibited ROS-mediated apoptosis, and reduced autophagosome accumulation. Mechanistically, GP attenuated excessive mitophagy by modulating Parkin, thereby maintaining mitochondrial quality and reducing oxidative injury. Discussion The mechanism by which GP regulates Parkin-dependent mitophagy identified in this study addresses the limitations of existing standard therapies that lack targeted regulation of mitochondrial quality. However, the upstream and downstream molecular regulatory mechanisms of the GP-Parkin pathway, as well as GP’s long-term safety and pharmacokinetic interactions with standard drugs, remain to be further elucidated. Future studies may explore the synergistic efficacy and optimal dose ratio of GP combined with first-line drugs via in vitro liver microsome experiments and in vivo animal models, and conduct chronic toxicity studies to support its clinical translation. Conclusion GP alleviates post-MI remodeling by suppressing Parkin-dependent hyperactivated mitophagy, reducing cardiomyocyte loss and fibrosis. Parkin is central to GP’s therapeutic effects, highlighting its potential as a target for MI-related heart failure. This study elucidates GP’s cardioprotective mechanism and proposes Parkin pathway modulation as a novel strategy to counteract pathological cardiac remodeling.
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BIOMATERIALS
·
2026
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IF 13.6
Haiyang Gao,Wenbo Wu,Xianglong Chen,Pengzhi Shi,Anran Zhang,Wang Wu,Zimu Yu,Cao Yang,Zhangrong Cheng,Yukun Zhang
Mitochondrial dysfunction in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells is a key driver of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), leading to metabolic imbalance and cellular senescence. To address this, we developed an injectable "sono-electrical coupling" hydrogel (GBC@PNA) based on a thermosensitive P(NIPAM-AAM) network loaded with gallic acid, barium titanate and carbon nanotubes. Upon ultrasound exposure, the scaffold generates a localized micro-electric field and controllably releases gallic acid. This combined stimulation significantly enhanced the viability of degenerated NP cells, promoted extracellular matrix synthesis, and reduced inflammation and senescence in vitro. Mechanistically, the sono-electrical effect activated intracellular calcium signaling, leading to CaMKII-dependent mitochondrial translocation and phosphorylation of Parkin, thereby restarting PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy to clear damaged mitochondria and restore energy metabolism. This pathway was systematically validated through transcriptomics, protein interaction and functional inhibition studies. In a rat IDD model, the intervention effectively maintained disc height, improved histology and delayed degeneration, demonstrating good biosafety. This work pioneers a strategy that couples external physical energy with intracellular mitochondrial quality control, offering a novel "sono-electro-chemical" therapy for IDD and a new paradigm for "energy-biology"-based tissue engineering.
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PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 8.1
Lin Liu,Zonghui Xu,Shujing Wu,Man Li,Ruoan Wei,Mpofu Uphakeme Inobubele Sitholumusa,Junqiu Liu,Guoyin Kai
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a primary bioactive component of Astragalus membranaceus (AM). It is very effective in regulating renal diseases. However, the possible underlying mechanism of AS-IV on renoprotection remains unclear. The aim of this study is to find out the regulation mechanism of AS-IV on ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced Acute kidney injury (IRI-AKI). At first, AS-IV was confirmed to significantly alleviate renal dysfunction, inflammation, and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in IRI-AKI mice. Then, it was found that AS-IV alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and renal tubular epithelial cell injury induced by IRI. Growing evidence has suggested that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays a critical protective role in IRI. Based on this, we hypothesized that AS-IV might exert renoprotective effects through activating the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway. After 3-MA inhibition of autophagy, AS-IV no longer showed its protective effect on HK-2 cells in a hypoxic environment. Through further molecular docking, cell thermal migration, and gene targeted silencing experiments, we confirmed that AS-IV activates the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway and ultimately alleviates IRI-AKI. In summary, all these comprehensive experimental findings indicated that AS-IV can be used as a functional food for the prevention of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
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2025
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IF 4.2
Yonggang Ma,Na Luo,Chenguang Yue,Qiannan Sun,Yangyang Wang,Hongyan Zhao,Ruilong Song,Hui Zou,Jiaqiao Zhu,Zongping Liu
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by metabolic stress is a key part of diabetic nephropathy. Dapagliflozin exerts significant hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects; however, the precise mechanisms underlying its renoprotective actions remain to be fully elucidated. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms through which dapagliflozin mitigates diabetic nephropathy (DN), with particular emphasis on its regulatory role in the Sirt1-Pink1-Parkin axis and the restoration of mitochondrial homeostasis via mitophagy. Methods: Rats were fed a high-fat/high-sugar diet and streptozotocin. They were then divided into groups of various treatments. In vitro, high glucose-induced NRK-52E cell injury was treated with dapagliflozin. Evaluations included renal histopathology, urinary biomarkers, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Sirt1/Pink1/Parkin pathway activation. Results: Dapagliflozin exerted significant protective effects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. Dapagliflozin treatment in vitro restored mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced ROS levels in high glucose-induced NRK-52E cells. High glucose exposure markedly upregulated the expression of mitochondria-associated apoptotic proteins in NRK-52E cells, which was reduced by dapagliflozin. This study revealed that Sirt1/Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy was suppressed in DN and high glucose-induced NRK-52E cells but was activated following dapagliflozin treatment. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that dapagliflozin modulates Sirt1/Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and effectively restores mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetic nephropathy. Modulating mitochondrial autophagy through this pathway may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2024
·Vol. 25
·期 21
·11695
·
IF 4.9
Jiachen Shi,Zeping Ji,Xu Yao,Yujie Yao,Chengyun Li,Qijun Liang,Xiaohui Zhang
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is recognized for its protective effects against heat stress damage; however, the specific functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of HSP90 in heat-stressed cardiomyocytes remain largely unexplored, particularly in tropical species. In our study, Wenchang chickens (WCCs) were classified into two groups: the heat stress survival (HSS) group and the heat stress death (HSD) group, based on their survival following exposure to heat stress. Heat stress resulted in significant cardiomyocyte damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in the HSD group, while the damage was less pronounced in the HSS group. We further validated these findings in primary cardiomyocytes derived from Wenchang chickens (PCWs). Additionally, heat stress was found to upregulate Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, which was accompanied by an increase in HSP90 expression in both cardiomyocytes and PCWs. Our results demonstrated that HSP90 overexpression enhances PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, ultimately inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress in heat-stressed PCWs. However, the application of Geldanamycin (GA) reversed these effects. Notably, we discovered that HSP90 interacts with Beclin-1 through mitochondrial translocation and directly regulates mitophagy levels in PCWs. In summary, we have elucidated a novel role for HSP90 and mitophagy in regulating heat stress-induced acute cardiomyocyte injury.
研究领域:
分子生物学
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细胞生物学
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应激生理学
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兽医学
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INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2025
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IF 4.7
Ziyi Song,Yucheng Gao,Jiangkai Yu,Yang Zhang,Wenbin Xuan,Yijun Rong,Youheng Zhang,Zengxin Gao
This study investigates the role of calreticulin (CRT) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and elucidates its underlying mechanisms. CRT expression was markedly reduced in degenerated disc tissues, implicating its involvement in IVDD pathogenesis. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the effects of CRT on nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) pyroptosis, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function. Functional analyses demonstrated that CRT overexpression alleviated disc degeneration, inhibited pyroptotic cell death, and preserved mitochondrial integrity. Mechanistically, CRT promoted the clearance of damaged mitochondria through PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and suppressing ROS accumulation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In vivo studies using an IVDD animal model further validated these protective effects, showing reduced disc degeneration and maintenance of extracellular matrix integrity. Recent studies have demonstrated the protective effect of CRT in IVDD. This study builds on these findings and investigates a novel mechanism through which CRT mediates its protective effects in IVDD. Specifically, our study identifies the involvement of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in CRT's ability to preserve mitochondrial function and mitigate inflammation in NPCs, offering new insights into the molecular pathways underlying CRT's protective role in IVDD.
研究领域:
分子生物学
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细胞生物学
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骨科学
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炎症研究
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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International
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2025
·
IF 4.4
Han-Ying Zhou,Ting Li,Yuan-Qiang Lu
Background Diquat, a commonly employed bipyridyl herbicide, is recognized for its hepatotoxic effects attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Baicalin (BAI), a flavonoid derivative, has garnered significant research interest for its hepatoprotective properties. Nevertheless, the clinical application of BAI is constrained by its limited water solubility and poor bioavailability. To address these challenges, BAI-nanoliposome (BAI-NL) has emerged as a novel drug delivery platform aimed at enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Methods We used diquat-induced liver injury mouse model and AML12 hepatocytes to test the protective effect of BAI and BAI-NL on liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. The parameters included histological, biochemical, and molecular biological analyses. Results In the diquat-induced model, both BAI and BAI-NL exhibited effectiveness on attenuating liver inflammation. Ex vivo analyses further indicated that BAI-NL was superior to BAI in preserving mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating the phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (Parkin) signaling pathway. These findings enhanced mitophagy and facilitated the removal of damaged mitochondria. Conclusions BAI-NL exhibited superior hepatoprotective effects compared to free BAI, possibly by reducing inflammation, preserving mitochondrial homeostasis, and reinstating autophagic balance through modulation of the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway. These outcomes indicate a groundbreaking method for addressing liver diseases and underscore the potential of nanoliposome technology in augmenting the efficacy of natural compounds.
研究领域:
药理学
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毒理学
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生物化学
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分子生物学
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PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2022
·
IF 6.656
Zhiguo Mao,Liyu Tian,Jiao Liu,Qian Wu,Ning Wang,Guangyun Wang,Yang Wang,Saiwang Seto
Background Mitophagy plays a critical role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by timely removal of dysfunctional mitochondria. In mammals, PINK1/Parkin is the most classic pathway mediating mitophagy. And the activation of PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy exerts neuroprotective effects during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI). Ligustilide (LIG) is a natural compound extracted from ligusticum chuanxiong hort and angelica sinensis (Oliv.) diels that exerts neuroprotective activity after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, it still remains unclear whether LIG could attenuates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) through regulating mitophagy mediated by PINK1/Parkin. Purpose To explore the underlying mechanism of LIG on PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy in the hippocampus induced by ischemia reperfusion. Methods This research used the middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) animal model and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) as in vitro model. Neurological behavior score, 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) Staining were used to detect the neuroprotection of LIG in MCAO/R rats. Also, the levels of ROS , mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and activities of Na + -K + -ATPase were detected to reflect mitochondrial function. Moreover, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and fluorescence microscope were used to observe mitophagy and the western blot was performed to explore the changes in protein expression in PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy. Finally, exact mechanism between neuroprotection of LIG and mitophagy mediated by PINK1/Parkin was explored by cell transfection. Results The results show that LIG improved mitochondrial functions by mitophagy enhancement in vivo and vitro to alleviate CIRI. Whereas, mitophagy enhanced by LIG under CIRI is abolished by PINK1 deficiency and midivi-1, a mitochondrial division inhibitor which has been reported to have the function of mitophagy, which could further aggravate the ischemia-induced brain damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal injury. Conclusion LIG could ameliorate the neuronal injury against ischemia stroke by promoting mitophagy via PINK1/Parkin. Targeting PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy with LIG treatment might be a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemia stroke.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
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细胞生物学
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分子生物学
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Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 24
·4173
·
IF 5.1
Cuicui Zhuang,Jinhui Zhao,Xinying Zhang,Mingyue Guo,Yiguang Lu,Ting Pei,Yangfei Zhao,Chen Liang,Jianhai Zhang
Long-term excessive fluoride intake from food causes skeletal fluorosis, which manifests as bone sclerosis, deformation, joint dysfunction, and even disability. Mitophagy and ion homeostasis regulate bone function. This study investigated the role of melatonin (MLT) in mitigating this condition, given its known involvement in bone remodeling and the fact that fluoride impairs its synthesis in the pineal gland. Firstly, network pharmacology and molecular docking identified mitophagy as MLT’s key pathway against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced osteosclerosis. Subsequently, a 400 mg/kg/day body weight NaF exposure model in chicken model with 25 mg/kg/day body weight MLT intervention were established in the current study. Fluoride exposure caused the disturbance of ion homeostasis, and the impairment of mitochondria and activation of PTEN-induced putative kinase1 (PINK1)/E3 ubiquitin ligase Park2 (Parkin)-mediated mitophagy in the bone. Importantly, these deleterious effects were significantly restored by MLT supplementation. In conclusion, NaF causes bone injury via ion homeostasis disruption, osteoblast mitochondrial damage, leading to excessive mitophagy. MLT inhibits fluoride-induced mitophagy through the calcium ion flow-mediated PINK1/Parkin pathway, mitigating bone damage. This study can not only ensure the safety of animal-derived food but also provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of fluorosis in humans and animals.
研究领域:
毒理学
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骨生物学
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分子药理学
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内分泌学
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线粒体研究
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ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
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2026
·
IF 9.7
Helei Cai,Shihao Luo,Zhengrong Zhou,Feixia Chen,Jiawei Ying,Qiufang Wu,Yize Wu,Shihua Chen,Xinxin Yao,Feiqin Xie,Wenhui Xu,Ke Xu,Renyi Peng
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA), as representative long-chain and short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are widely distributed in the environment. These compounds can interact with nanoplastics (NPs) to form complex mixed pollutants, posing potential threats to aquatic organisms and human health. The nervous system, characterized by high sensitivity and energy dependence, is particularly vulnerable to such pollutants. However, the mechanisms underlying neurological toxicity induced by co-exposure to PFOA, PFBA, and NPs remain largely unclear. In this study, zebrafish larvae and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were employed as model systems to systematically evaluate the effects of PFOA and PFBA, alone or in combination with NPs, on neural development, behavior, cell viability, mitochondrial function, and autophagy. The results demonstrated that NPs exhibited a significantly higher adsorption capacity for PFOA than for PFBA, and that co-exposure exacerbated neurodevelopmental impairments, behavioral abnormalities, and reductions in cell viability. At the molecular level, co-exposure markedly inhibited the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway, resulting in mitochondrial damage accumulation, disruption of energy metabolism, and blockade of autophagic flux. Through PINK1 overexpression and pharmacological activation experiments, the pivotal role of the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway in mitigating neurotoxicity was functionally validated. Collectively, this study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which co-exposure to PFOA, PFBA, and NPs induces neurotoxicity via suppression of mitophagy. These findings identify a potential molecular target for the prevention and treatment of PFAS- and NPs-induced neurological injury and provide valuable theoretical and experimental evidence for evaluating the neurotoxic risks of mixed environmental pollutants.
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FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
·
2026
·
IF 8
Zi Li,Zhi Li,Qiubo Li,Ronghui Miao,Yuchao Ma,Silei Wei,Junnan Mao,Xuan Wang,Xiangtao Zeng,Yi Zhou,Jingjing Ye,Weidong Xia,Cai Lin,Cong Mao
Due to complex immune and metabolic dysfunctions, diabetic wounds commonly suffer from infection, oxidative stress, impaired angiogenesis, thereby leading to chronic non-healing lesions. Since current therapies remain insufficient, increasing attention has been directed toward mitophagy, a key regulator of energy balance and stress responses, with mitochondrial dysfunction recognized as a critical driver of defective repair. In this study, we explored the therapeutic role of echinacoside (Ech), a phenylethanol glycoside from Echinacea , known for its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic properties, in promoting diabetic wound healing. Network pharmacology analysis was employed to identify the potential targets of Ech in diabetic condition. In vitro, under H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress, Ech mitigated the functional impairment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), enhancing their proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and antioxidant capacity. Mechanistically, Ech restored HUVECs function by activating Parkin-MFN2-mediated mitophagy through ubiquitination and concurrently upregulated USP35 expression, which mitigated excessive mitophagy. These effects were confirmed using the Parkin-dependent mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) and USP35-specific siRNA (siUSP35). In a diabetic mouse full-thickness cutaneous wound model, Ech treatment significantly activated Parkin-dependent mitophagy, leading to enhanced neovascularization and collagen deposition at wound site, thereby accelerated the healing process of diabetic wounds. Collectively, these findings identify Ech as a promising therapeutic agent for diabetic wound repair and provide mechanistic insights into its regulation of mitophagy to improve antioxidant responses and angiogenesis, offering a foundation for the development of targeted treatment strategies.
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Toxins
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 9
·641
·
IF 5.075
Jiehuan Xu,Lingwei Sun,Mengqian He,Shushan Zhang,Jun Gao,Caifeng Wu,Defu Zhang,Jianjun Dai
Mitochondria hold redox homeostasis and energy metabolism as a crucial factor during oocyte maturation, while the exposure of estrogenic mycotoxin zearalenone causes developmental incapacity in porcine oocyte. This study aimed to reveal a potential resistance of phytoalexin resveratrol against zearalenone during porcine oocyte maturation and whether its mechanism was related with PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Porcine oocytes were exposed to 20 μM zearalenone with or without 2 μM resveratrol during in vitro maturation. As for the results, zearalenone impaired ultrastructure of mitochondria, causing mitochondrial depolarization, oxidative stress, apoptosis and embryonic developmental incapacity, in which mitophagy was induced in response to mitochondrial dysfunction. Phytoalexin resveratrol enhanced mitophagy through PINK1/Parkin in zearalenone-exposed oocytes, manifesting as enhanced mitophagy flux, upregulated PINK1, Parkin, microtubule-associated protein light-chain 3 beta-II (LC3B-II) and downregulated substrates mitofusin 2 (MFN2), voltage-dependent anion channels 1 (VDAC1) and p62 expressions. Resveratrol redressed zearalenone-induced mitochondrial depolarization, oxidative stress and apoptosis, and accelerated mitochondrial DNA copy during maturation, which improved embryonic development. This study offered an antitoxin solution during porcine oocyte maturation and revealed the involvement of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, in which resveratrol mitigated zearalenone-induced embryonic developmental incapacity.Keywords:zearalenone;mitophagy;resveratrol;PINK1/Parkin;porcine oocyteKey Contribution:The application of phytoalexin resveratrol redresses oocyte developmental incapacity against zearalenone contamination. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is involved in the antitoxin effect of resveratrol.
研究领域:
生殖生物学
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毒理学
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分子生物学
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