EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.546
Xin-Zhu Wang,Jing-Wen Wang,Hou-Qing Wang,Guo-Chao Zhuang,Jian-Bao Yang,Ying-Jie Ma,Yang Zhang,Hua Ren
In this work, to improve the mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyether-block-amide elastomer (PEBA) was used to modify it through a blending method. Due to the low compatibility of the two, a polyurethane with one end blocked with an isocyanate group and one end blocked with two epoxy groups was prepared as a compatibilizer, named as E-PU-I. And a series of TPU/PEBA blends with different components were prepared using a torque rheometer, and the effects of E-PU-I on the microstructure, phase interface interaction, rheological properties and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated. It proves that E-PU-I improves the compatibility between TPU and PEBA, resulting in more uniform dispersion of PEBA in TPU and smaller particle size, thus improving the overall performance of the blends. In addition, when the critical E-PU-I content is around 3.2 parts, the mechanical properties of the blends have been significantly improved.
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高影响因子
APL Materials
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 5
·
IF 5.3
Wang Guanyu,Yang Yadong,Cao Wenzhe,Wan Caichao
Strain sensors based on porous conductive polymers (CPCs) have garnered growing research interest for their potential applications in motion detection, healthcare, human–computer interaction, and artificial intelligence. However, the complexity of CPC processing makes it difficult to achieve the controlled design of microscopic porous structures, leading to simple and random porous structures, thus limiting their further use in the field of pressure sensing. This paper presents a strain sensor with a high-performance, wood-like structure composed of flexible conductive carbon black/plastic polyurethane foam (BWCT) using a bidirectional freeze casting process. The results show that, compared with conventional random freezing and unidirectional freezing, the bidirectional freeze casting process can effectively realize multiscale control of the composite structure, which results in a good laminar porous structure of the prepared BWCT. This parallel laminar structure not only contributes to the layered transfer of stresses but also avoids the local concentration of stresses. At the same time, it significantly increases the directional electrical conduction ability, which results in high sensing stability performance. In particular, the BWCT sensors had a wide detection range (80%), a lower limit of detection (0.2%), rapid response and relaxation times (200 ms), as well as exceptional durability (>2000 cycles). Furthermore, the BWCT was integrated into a wearable sensor to monitor various human motions, including arm bending, squatting, and walking, demonstrating reliable detection performance. Altogether, the BWCT sensors are promising in expanding the application but also offer guidance for designing high-performance wearable strain sensors.
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Nano Energy
·
2025
·
IF 17.1
Yating An,Lin Peng,Yunjia Cui,Ce Zhang,Qiuxiang Yang,Jiandan Liang,Ning Wang,Xia Cao
With the rapid development of flexible electronics and intelligent sensing technologies, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered significant attention in the field of human-computer interaction due to their ability to convert human mechanical energy into visible light. However, traditional TENG devices often face limitations such as single functionality, low transparency, and insufficient mechanical properties, which hinder their further application in high-end fields. To address these challenges, this study proposes a simple and low-cost fabrication method, utilizing a solution-drying process to prepare ZnS:Cu@TPU films. The morphology, structure, light transmittance, and mechanical properties of the films were systematically characterized. The films exhibited excellent tensile properties (with a maximum strain of 1300% and a corresponding tensile strength of 2.5 MPa) and high light transmittance. Additionally, the films displayed different colors under ultraviolet or infrared light irradiation. Based on the ZnS:Cu@TPU films, a contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator (ZnS:Cu@TPU-TENG) was constructed, demonstrating a high output voltage of 240 V and remarkable stability. Furthermore, the ZnS:Cu@TPU-TENG can convert touch information into both visible light signals and electrical signals, enabling real-time touch imaging and handwriting pressure sensing, thereby functioning as a dual-mode visual sensor. This study highlights the immense potential of ZnS:Cu@TPU-TENG in high-end applications, particularly in the fields of intelligent sensing, flexible electronics, anti-counterfeiting technologies, and interactive human-machine interfaces.
研究领域:
材料科学
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智能传感技术
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人机交互
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 12
·e70464
·
IF 3.4
Hanxin Zhang
Enhancing the fire safety of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a polymer prized throughout the automotive industry, without degrading its mechanical properties is a critical industrial challenge. While two-dimensional zirconium phosphate (ZrP) nanosheets offer promising flame-retardant capabilities, their intrinsic aggregation tendency severely compromises their effectiveness in polymer matrices. Herein, ZrP nanosheets were functionalized via the surface self-assembly of a bio-based nitrogen-phosphorus supramolecule derived from phytic acid (PA) and chitosan (CS), yielding the novel nanohybrid PC@ZrP. This nanohybrid's exceptional dispersion and interfacial compatibility within the TPU matrix enable a remarkable dual functionality. At 1 wt% loading, the TPU/PC@ZrP nanocomposite achieves a 42.6% enhancement in tensile strength alongside a 6.1% improvement in elongation at break. The material's fire safety is also substantially enhanced: a 3 wt% incorporation reduces the peak heat release rate and total heat release by 35.5% and 22.6%, respectively, while effectively suppressing smoke and toxic gas emissions. Mechanistic investigations revealed that this performance stems from synergistic flame-retardant actions in both the condensed and gas phases. This work provides a robust, eco-friendly strategy for creating multifunctional additives that bolster the fire safety and mechanical strength of polymer nanocomposites, paving the way for safer materials in demanding sectors like automotive manufacturing.
研究领域:
材料科学
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聚合物纳米复合材料
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消防安全工程
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可持续化学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.6
Shaoxia Zhao,Zhengjun Su,Yuli Liu,Shaozhi Wang,Yihu Zhang,Jinbo Li,Weihua Meng,Jixing Xie,Jianzhong Xu
A phosphorus–nitrogen hybrid flame retardant (L–CS–P 2 O 5 ) was developed using a two-stage synthesis method, based on lignin, chitosan, and phosphorus pentoxide as the main components. It was then incorporated into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to enhance its flame-retardant properties. The performance under different additions was investigated. Data indicated that adding 15 phr of L–CS–P 2 O 5 to TPU composite materials was the optimal ratio for achieving flame retardancy. At this ratio, the TPU/15 phr L–CS–P 2 O 5 mixture exhibited excellent flame retardancy, with a limiting oxygen index of 24.6% and V-2 rating in the UL-94 test. Compared with pure TPU, the addition of 15 phr of L–CS–P 2 O 5 significantly reduced the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) by 63.26% and 64.62%, respectively. The impressive flame-retardant performance stemmed from a powerful synergy between condensed and gas-phase mechanisms, combining processes like dehydration, char formation, dilution of flammable gases, and free radical quenching effects. In addition, the incorporation of L–CS–P 2 O 5 induced a plasticizing effect in TPU, resulting in a 45.32% enhancement in elongation at break. This significant mechanical improvement substantially broadened the potential application scope of TPU composites in more fields. Graphical Nitrogen/Phosphorus Hybrid Modified Lignin: Enhanced Flame retardancy of Thermoplastic Polyurethane.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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火灾安全工程
·
可持续材料
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Yu Cao,Xueyun Li,Baogou Wu,Zefan Xu,Xiaohu Bing,Qian Ren,Long Wang
Porous polymer foams with engineered surface structures are of great interest for superhydrophobic and self-cleaning applications. However, most existing surface modification techniques rely on complex processing routes and provide limited control over surface porosity and morphology. In this work, we propose a simple and sustainable strategy that integrates interfacial design with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) foaming. Bilayers of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were constructed, in which dispersed TPU domains acted as heterogeneous nucleation sites, thereby facilitating the formation of porous surfaces. The morphology and wettability of the foams were further tailored through TPU content, hot-pressing temperature, and foaming conditions. Subsequent modification with fluorinated silica nanoparticles imparted robust superhydrophobicity (water contact angle >150°, sliding angle <5°) and durable self-cleaning ability even after repeated contamination. This environmentally friendly method thus provides a scalable route to multifunctional foams and highlights the potential of interfacial design for sustainable polymer materials.
研究领域:
高分子材料科学
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表面工程
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绿色化学
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功能材料
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纳米复合材料
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高影响因子
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 8
Jun Zhang,Naisheng Guo,Shichao Cui,Jiayu Liang,Hang Su,Hongbin Zhu,Yiqiu Tan
Styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer-grafted thermoplastic polyurethane (SMC-g-TPU) modified binders with various dosages were prepared through an in-situ grafting synthesis approach. The high- and low-temperature performances of the modified asphalts were systematically evaluated using conventional tests, dynamic shear rheometry (DSR), and bending beam rheometry (BBR). In addition, the modification mechanism of SMC-g-TPU was elucidated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The results demonstrated that the rigid SMC segments effectively enhanced the thermal stability of the modified asphalt while maintaining the low-temperature toughness imparted by TPU. The incorporation of SMC enhanced the polarity of TPU, thereby improving its compatibility with asphalt and strengthening its self-healing capability. Meanwhile, the resulting grafted structure reduced the high-temperature aging sensitivity of the modified asphalt, although slight increases were observed in its low-temperature aging sensitivity and in the fatigue factor after long-term aging. Notably, when the SMC-g-TPU dosage reached 5 wt%, uniformly dispersed microaggregates formed within the asphalt matrix, providing a microstructural basis for the enhanced functional performance of the modified binder.
研究领域:
材料科学
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道路工程
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高分子化学
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沥青化学
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功能材料
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RSC Advances
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 12
·11077
·
IF 6.1
Xiujuan Wang,Lingzhu Wang,Yuanjun Liu,Yaming Jiang,Hao Liu
The proliferation of high-power electronics and 5G technology has created an increasing demand for high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials that are durable, breathable, and comfortable for wearable applications. Although silver-coated textiles offer excellent shielding, their limited durability and susceptibility to corrosion hinder their practical use. This study develops a flexible, breathable, and corrosion-resistant electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding spacer fabric using a multi-step coating strategy. The fabric features a conductive network formed by PDA-assisted electroless silver plating, followed by a thiol self-assembled layer (HDT) and finally encapsulated with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) coating. The optimized composite fabric demonstrates an EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of up to 57.74 dB in the X-band, with excellent air permeability (2436.1 mm s −1 ), superior corrosion resistance (only 7.8% resistance change after immersion in Na 2 S solution), and mechanical durability (negligible resistance changes after 3000 compression cycles). Combined with its superhydrophobicity (contact angle >140°), this fabric offers a promising solution for wearable electronics and personal protective applications. The proliferation of high-power electronics and 5G technology has created an increasing demand for high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials that are durable, breathable, and comfortable for wearable applications.
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PubMed
高影响因子
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
·
2022
·
IF 7.685
Xichen Jia,Bin Shen,Jiali Chen,Guoqing Wang,Zhouping Sun,Wenge Zheng
Although flexible and lightweight electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have drawn a host of interest in recent years, it is still an issue to design multifunctional polymer composite foams reinforced with biomass-derived 3D carbon skeletons for integrating outstanding performances in EMI shielding, thermal isolation and joule heating . Herein, lightweight and flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite foams with the combination of highly conductive cotton-derived 3D carbon networks and microporous elastic TPU skeleton have been manufactured by facile freeze-drying method, and they could not only show high shielding effectiveness up to ∼68 dB at low thickness and density (∼0.2 g/cm 3 ), but also possess satisfactory thermal-insulation performance and excellent low-voltage driven joule-heating capability with good recyclability and long-term durability. The multifunctionality of such foams could provide the ability to minimize the influence of external temperature on the working performance of protected electronic equipments during EMI shielding, suggesting the availability and effectiveness of biomass-derived 3D carbon skeletons for preparing flexible and multifunctional CPC foams.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁干扰屏蔽
·
聚合物复合材料
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能源材料
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可持续材料
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高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Shuai Zhang,Jianbin Qin,Linli Xu,Guangcheng Zhang,Xuetao Shi
3D printing technology represents a pivotal methodology for the fabrication of carbon fiber composites characterized by intricate structural configurations. In pursuit of developing high-strength carbon fiber energy-absorbing structures (EAS), a strategy of blending thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with short carbon fiber (SCF) to combine both good flexibility and processability for the consequential fused deposition modeling (FDM) process is proposed. The interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and TPU is considered with surface modification of carbon fibers with polydopamine coating, which is mainly based on the mechanisms of chemical bonding and physical interlocking, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the composites. More interestingly, the short carbon fibers exhibit alignment along the printing direction during the 3D printing process, which further enhances the mechanical strength of the composite material in that orientation. Furthermore, both the polydopamine coating and the orientation of carbon fibers were found to exert significant influences on the energy absorption properties of 3D-printed composites. When the carbon fiber content is 20%, the specific energy absorption (SEA) of TPU/SCF@PDA composites in the axial and transverse directions is increased by 114.3% and 193.6%, respectively, compared with that of pure TPU. Consequently, the strategic optimization of the polydopamine surface coating and the extrusion-induced alignment of carbon fibers present an efficacious approach for the fabrication of carbon fiber composites with superior strength and energy absorption capabilities. Highlights Proposed a novel TPU/SCF@PDA 3D-printed composite material system. PDA coating enhances the interfacial strength of TPU/SCF composites. Interface enhancement and SCF orientation improve energy absorption properties. The transverse SEA of the 20% TPU/SCF@PDA composite was increased by 193.6%.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Fei Li,Runwu Miao,Huanyu Zhao,Shumin Li,Qiqi Song,Zhe Yu,Xurui Liu,Sai Wang,Xiaoyan Liu,Jianyong Yu,Bin Ding
Materials with effective thermal insulation performance are critically important for people living in extremely cold environments. However, the thermal insulation materials fabricated by conventional methods typically suffer from excessive bulkiness, inadequate thermal insulation properties, and limited functionality. Herein, we report lightweight nanofibrous sponges with integrated thermal insulation, photothermal heating, and antibacterial performance via a facile and scalable solution air-assisted electrospinning strategy. By exploiting the humidity-induced phase separation during jet stretching, curly nanofibers are fabricated and entangled into a three-dimensional structured assembly with high porosity and ultralow volume density (4.01 mg cm–3). The resulting nanofibrous sponges also exhibit excellent mechanical robustness, which can sustain loads up to 5000 times their own weight. Furthermore, the incorporation of monolayer graphene endows the sponge with efficient solar-to-thermal energy conversion while preserving its porous structure. Consequently, the obtained sponge for thermal insulation achieves a low thermal conductivity of 27.85 mW m–1 K–1 and rapid temperature increase to 52.6 °C within 5 min under simulated solar irradiation, together with outstanding antibacterial activity (99.9%). This work provides a practical avenue toward multifunctional thermal insulation materials for wearable protection and extreme-environment applications.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
·
2025
·Vol. 35
·期 8
·085002
·
IF 2.1
Xuanjie Zong,Chengpeng Zhang,Xue Shang,Nianqiang Zhang,Jilai Wang
Blend nanofibers have attracted significant interest in biomedical, energy storage, and flexible electronics due to their outstanding synergistic properties. However, the coaxial electrospinning of thermoplastic polyurethane/polydimethylsiloxane (TPU/PDMS) nanofibers remains challenging due to complex processing procedures and high associated costs, which impede further material optimization. To address these limitations, a one-step blending electrospinning strategy was developed by formulating a TPU/PDMS blend system, achieving homogeneous nanoscale dispersion and integration. Using nanofiber diameter and morphology as metrics, we systematically explored the effects of solution concentration, feed rate, and voltage via single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. Results revealed that concentration and feed rate critically influenced nanofiber morphology. The constructed regression model exhibited strong predictive capability (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9865, adjusted R2 = 0.9693). Scanning electron microscopy characterization confirmed the formation of uniform, adhesive overlapped structures, validating the effective co-forming behavior. Furthermore, energy dispersion spectroscopy mapping and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirm the nanoscale uniform distribution and physical blending of TPU and PDMS. This study presents an efficient strategy for producing uniform TPU/PDMS blend nanofibers and contributes to the rational design of multifunctional materials with tunable structure-property relationships. The findings enhance the practical potential of electrospinning in flexible electronics, biomedical and intelligent sensing.
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