Alginate di-aldehyde modified metal-organic framework nanocarriers as delivery and adjuvant in inactivated pseudorabies vaccination
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a highly contagious viral disease, and leads to severe financial losses to the breeding industry worldwide. The PRV is mainly controlled using live attenuated and inactivated vaccines today. However, these vaccines have an innate tendency to lose their structural conformation upon environmental and chemical stressors, and can’t provide full protection against the prevalent variant PRV recently. In this work, we firstly synthesized aminated ZIF-7/8 nanoparticles (NPs), and then chemical bond coated alginate dialdehyde (ADA, a kind of dioxide alginate saccharides) on its surface via Schiff base reaction to get ZIF-7/8-ADA NPs. The as-fabricated ZIF-7/8-ADA NPs exhibited high stability, monodispersity and a high loading ratio of antigen. Furthermore, ZIF-7/8-ADA NPs showed good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Using ZIF-7/8-ADA NPs as an adjuvant and inactivated PRV as the model antigen, we constructed a PR vaccine through a simple mixture. Immunity studies indicated that ZIF-7/8-ADA induced an enhancing Th1/Th2 immune response, which was superior to that of commercial ISA201, Alum adjuvant as well as ZIF-7/8. Due to the pH-sensitive release of the antigen in lysosomes, the as prepared PR vaccine subsequently accelerated antigen presentation and improved immune responses in vitro and in vivo. The results of challenge against PRV using mice as model proclaimed that ZIF-7/8-ADA could obtain the same preventive effect as commercial ISA201, and was much better than that of alum adjuvant, which could serve as a promising delivery and adjuvant to enhance humoral and cellular responses against PRV infection.
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