JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2017
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IF 6.065
Zheng-Zhe Zhang,Jia-Jia Xu,Zhi-Jian Shi,Ya-Fei Cheng,Zheng-Quan Ji,Rui Deng,Ren-Cun Jin
Previous studies investigating the risk of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) to biological wastewater treatment have primarily tested NPs individually; however, limited data are available on the impact of NPs on the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. In this study, the toxicity of CuNPs on anammox granules was investigated individually and in combination with CuONPs or ZnONPs. Exposure to CuNPs at 5 mg g −1 suspended solids (SS) decreased the anammox activity to 47.1 ± 8.5%, increased the lactate dehydrogenase level to 110.5 ± 3.4% and increased the extracellular N 2 H 4 concentration by 16-fold but did not cause oxidative stress. The presence of CuONPs or ZnONPs at 5 mg g −1 SS did not significantly aggravate or alleviate the toxicity of the CuNPs; however, the introduction of EDTA or S 2− could attenuate the adverse effects of the CuNPs, CuONPs and ZnONPs on the anammox granules. EDTA captured Cu ions, whereas S 2− shielded and deactivated Cu ions and passivated CuNPs. Therefore, our results indicated that the toxicity of NPs was dependent on the amount of active metal reaching the anammox cells. Overall, the results of this study have filled knowledge gaps and provided insights into the combined toxicity of NPs on anammox biomass.
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高影响因子
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2018
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IF 3.226
Yu-Xia Song,Li-Yuan Chai,Chong-Jian Tang,Ruiyang Xiao,Bing-Rong Li,Di Wu,Xiao-Bo Min
The spread application of nanoparticles (NPs) would cause instability on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. The present study focused on the short-term evaluation of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on anammox process by batch tests. Results indicated that a significant inhibition occurred under ZnO NPs stress of 5–100 mg gVSS −1 . The half inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of ZnO NPs was found to be 11.6 mg gVSS −1 . The release of zinc ions from ZnO NPs dissolution was confirmed to be the main mechanism of inhibition on anammox activity. Haldane kinetic model simulation results confirmed that ZnO NPs imposed a non-competitive inhibition on nitrite conversion by decreasing maximum nitrogen removal rate ( q max ), while they showed a competitive inhibition on ammonium conversion kinetics with affinity constant ( K s ) increasing by 6 times. From the competitive inhibition results, it is suggested that the inhibition caused by ZnO NPs could be alleviated and recovered under higher ammonium concentrations.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Zepeng Wang,Honglei Zhan,Zhaodong Li,Tao Liu
The ZVI-modified carrier enhanced TNRE to 93.9% under nitrite-deficient conditions. • ZVI promoted biofilm formation, EPS secretion, and heme c synthesis in AnAOB. • ZVI induced nirK downregulation and napA/napB upregulation for nitrite accumulation. • Anammox contributed >80% of N 2 production and Ca. Kuenenia dominated at 20.87%. • S 0 -PAD-Anammox with the ZVI carrier reduced chemical costs by 13.9–32.4% vs. heterotrophic. S 0 -driven partial autotrophic denitrification couple with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (S 0 -PAD-Anammox) is an emerging nitrogen removal process that reduces the strict NO 2 − -N requirement of anammox. However, both sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and anammox bacteria (AnAOB) typically exhibit slow growth and low bioactivity, limiting the synergistic nitrogen removal performance. Zero-valent iron (ZVI) can facilitate heme synthesis and enhance electron transfer in anammox, while also serving as a cofactor for key enzymes in sulfur oxidation. Nevertheless, direct ZVI dosing poses operational challenges, including particle aggregation, surface passivation, and difficulties in dosage control. In this study, ZVI15@HDPE carriers (15 wt% ZVI loading) were prepared via melt-blending and used in an integrated floating-film activated sludge (IFFAS) system. The ZVI-modified carrier significantly enhanced biofilm formation, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion, and heme c synthesis, as well as promoted the enrichment and metabolic activity of AnAOB and SOB. Under influent conditions of 75 mg/L NH 4 + -N, 25 mg/L NO 2 − -N, and 75 mg/L NO 3 − -N, the total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) reached 93.9 ± 0.2%, substantially higher than the control reactor filled with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) carriers (72.3 ± 0.2%). 15 N isotope analysis confirmed that anammox or S 0 -PAD-anammox contributed over 80% of total N 2 production, while S 0 -AD accounted for 12.2–18.4%. The dominant functional genera Candidatus_Kuenenia (20.87%) and Thiobacillus (5.98%) were selectively colonized on ZVI15@HDPE carriers. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that ZVI induced lower abundance of nirK gene and higher abundance of napA / napB genes, promoting preferential NO 3 − -N reduction to NO 2 − -N and enabling stable S 0 -PAD coupled with anammox. This study provides a viable and cost-effective approach for efficient nitrogen removal under nitrite-deficient conditions. Download: Download high-res image (201KB) Download: Download full-size image
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2017
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IF 4.9
Zheng-Zhe Zhang,Ya-Fei Cheng,Lian-Zeng-Ji Xu,Yu-Hui Bai,Jia-Jia Xu,Zhi-Jian Shi,Qian-Qian Zhang,Ren-Cun Jin
The increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer and industrial products raises concerns about their environmental impacts, but their potential influence on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process in wastewater treatment remains unknown. In this study, the response of granule-based anammox reactor to different loads of ZnONPs was investigated. The introduction of 1–5 mg L − 1 ZnONPs did not affect reactor performance, but 90% of the nitrogen removal capacity was deprived by a shock of 10 mg L − 1 ZnONPs within 3 days. Anammox activity was significantly inhibited, but no significant stimulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was observed. The inhibition was thus mainly due to the accumulation of toxic Zn(II) ions in anammox biomass. However, the resistance and resilience of this anammox reactor to ZnONPs were enhanced by intermittent perturbations in the mode of “shock-recovery”. The up-regulated abundance of Zn(II)-exporter ZntA might contribute to the enhanced resistance. In addition, these repeated transient disturbances improved the functional specificity of the anammox community despite the reduction of its diversity. Overall, these results may provide useful references for evaluating and controlling the risk of NPs to anammox process.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 10.8
Zhenxin Wang,Qilin Yu,Zhiqiang Zhao,Yaobin Zhang
Anammox bacteria performed the reaction of NH4+ and NO with hydrazine synthase to produce N2H4, followed by the decomposition of N2H4 with hydrazine dehydrogenase to generate N2. Ferroheme/ferriheme, which serves as the active center of both hydrazine synthase and hydrazine dehydrogenase, is thought to play a crucial role in the synthesis and decomposition of N2H4 during Anammox due to its high redox activity. However, this has yet to be proven and the exact mechanisms by which ferroheme/ferriheme is involved in the Anammox process remain unclear. In this study, abiotic and biological assays confirmed that ferroheme participated in NH4+ and NO reactions to generate N2H4 and ferriheme, and the produced N2H4 reacted with ferriheme to generate N2 and ferroheme. In other words, the ferroheme/ferriheme cycle drove the continuous reaction between NH4+ and NO. Raman, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy confirmed that ferroheme/ferriheme is involved in the synthesis and decomposition of N2H4 via the core FeII/FeIII cycle. The mechanism of ferroheme/ferriheme participation in the synthesis and decomposition of N2H4 was proposed by density functional theory calculations. These findings revealed for the first time the heme electron transfer mechanisms, which are of great significance for deepening the understanding of Anammox.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Quanhao Dou,Li Zhang,Yongzhen Peng
Mitigating the intense competition for substrates and ecological niches between heterotrophic and autotrophic microorganisms is essential for sustaining nitrogen removal in partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) systems. Herein, an innovative high-intensity PD/A process was designed, utilizing iron sulfide and minimal organic carbon input. The nitrogen loading rate (NLR) reached 0.96 ± 0.06 kg N/(m 3 ·d) at a C/N ratio of 0.5, considerably higher than all results reported to date. Elucidating microbial ecology in this lab-scale mixotrophic PD/A system is vital for large-scale application. Results showed that sulfur-oxidizing denitrifiers ( Thiobacillus and Pseudorhodoplanes ; 0 % ∼ 1.11 %), functioning as network hubs, redistributed nitrate burden from heterotrophic denitrifiers ( Denitratisoma ; 8.44 %) via inorganic electron uptake, while freeing niches for the anammox bacteria ( Ca. Brocadia; 143.67-fold enrichment). A synergistic microbial community integrating multiple metabolic pathways achieved 96.24 ± 0.11 % nitrogen removal. Furthermore, genetic evidence indicated that membrane-bound narG accelerated nitrate reduction, while hydroxylamine-dependent anammox ( via hao instead of nirS ) eliminated toxic NO intermediates. This enhanced bioreactor stability and reduced hydraulic retention time from 12 h to 2 h, maximizing NLR. Our findings propose a novel paradigm to advance PD/A systems toward low-carbon, high-rate operation, ensuring desirable effluent quality and microbial ecological balance.
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ACS ES&T Engineering
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2023
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IF 7.1
Sherif Ismail,Chunzhen Zou,Zhibin Wang,Jinhua Zhan,Chengbo Cao,Yifeng Wang,Mohnad Abdalla,Xuming Zhuang,Shou-Qing Ni
Carbon-based nanomaterials are extensively utilized as additives to enhance microbial activity in pollution remediation. A significant challenge to the widespread adoption of the full-scale anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process in wastewater treatment is the limited activity of anammox bacteria. Thus, this study investigates the effects of supplementation of fullerene (C60), a carbon-based hollow spherical molecule, on anammox granules, aiming to enhance the efficiency of wastewater treatment by stimulating anammox bacterial activity. The optimum dose of C60 was 25 mg of C60/L of the reactor working volume, which resulted in increasing anammox activity by 22% and the abundance of Candidatus Brocadia from 12 to 20%. The main mechanism for enhanced anammox activity was proposed to be associated with the accumulation of c-di-GMP signal molecules, which was driven by increased c-di-GMP synthesis protein (diguanylate cyclase) and decreased c-di-GMP degradation protein (specific phosphodiesterase) at 25 mg C60/L addition. The protein abundances responsible for the assembly, biogenesis, and stability of pilus were also increased, which might improve extracellular electron transport and accelerate the enzymatic reactions during the anammox process. However, higher C60 dosages (50–100 mg C60/L) inhibited anammox activity and abundance. The economic evaluation revealed a substantial increase in net present value (NPV) from $2,670 to $7,110 with the addition of 25 mg C60/L, emphasizing the economic viability of C60 supplementation for enhanced nitrogen removal in anammox-based wastewater treatment systems. Overall, this study proposes a novel and economically viable approach by supplementing C60 at 25 C60 mg/L (i.e., 3.5 mg C60/gVSS) to stimulate the activity of anammox bacteria, offering promising applications for real wastewater treatment plants.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2018
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IF 4.61
Jia-Jia Xu,Ya-Fei Cheng,Lian-Zeng-Ji Xu,Ying-Yi Liu,Bing-Qian Zhu,Nian-Si Fan,Bao-Cheng Huang,Ren-Cun Jin
Given the increasing applications of NiO nanoparticles (NPs) in battery products, the potential effects of NiO NPs on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) systems were studied for the first time. The results showed that the anammox system performance obviously differed under the stresses of different NiO NPs concentrations. After the withdrawal of NiO NPs, the nitrogen removal performance of the anammox reactor returned to nearly that of the initial phase within 35 days. Compared with 0 mg L −1 NiO NPs, the specific anammox activity first increased and then decreased to the minimum value of 116.8 ± 13.8 mg TN g −1 VSS d −1 at 60 mg L −1 NiO NPs. The variations in the heme c contents and extracellular polymeric substance amounts were similar to the variations in the specific anammox activity throughout the whole experiment. Additionally, the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria ( Candidatus kuenenia ) increased from 20.44% at 60 mg L −1 NiO NPs to 23.14% at the end of the last phase. Thus, the potential effects of NiO NPs on anammox systems should be a cause for great concern.
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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2018
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IF 4.005
Jia-Jia Xu,Zheng-Zhe Zhang,Zheng-Quan Ji,Ying-Hong Zhu,Si-Yu Qi,Chong-Jian Tang,Ren-Cun Jin
The stability and resilience of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) system under transient nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) (50, 75 and 100 mg L −1 ), hydraulic shock (2-fold increase in flow rate) and their combination were studied in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. The response to the shock loads can be divided into three phases i.e. shock, inertial and recovery periods. The effects of the shock loads were directly proportional to the shock intensity. The effluent quality was gradually deteriorated after exposure to high nZVI level (100 mg L −1 ) for 2 h. The higher effluent sensitivity index and response caused by unit intensity of shock was observed under hydraulic and combined shocks. Notably, the specific anammox activity and the content of heme c were considerably reduced during the shock phase and the maximum loss rates were about 30.5% and 24.8%, respectively. Nevertheless, the extracellular polymeric substance amount in the shock phase was enhanced in varying degrees and variation tendency was disparate at all the tested shock loads. These results suggested that robustness of the anammox system was dependent on the magnitude shocks applied and the reactor resistance can be improved by reducing hydraulic retention time with the increase of nZVI concentration under these circumstances.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2017
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IF 5.651
Zheng-Zhe Zhang,Jia-Jia Xu,Zhi-Jian Shi,Ya-Fei Cheng,Zheng-Quan Ji,Rui Deng,Ren-Cun Jin
The increasing application of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has posed an emerging challenge to wastewater treatment processes. The short-term impacts of CuNPs, CuONPs, ZnONPs and AgNPs on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process were investigated firstly in this study. CuONPs, ZnONPs and AgNPs up to 50 mg g −1 suspended solid (SS) did not affect anammox activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or cell membrane integrity. However, 1.25 mg g −1 SS CuNPs significantly inhibited the anammox activity and the loads that caused 50% inhibition were 4.64 ± 1.24 and 3.27 ± 0.79 mg g −1 SS for anammox granules and flocs, respectively. 5 mg g −1 SS CuNPs caused serious accumulation of the toxic intermediate N 2 H 4 . Furthermore, CuNPs interacted with extracellular polymeric substances by specifically bonding to tyrosine or tryptophan-containing groups, C-O-C in polysaccharides and –OH in polymeric compounds. Therefore, this study calls for more attention to the risks of NPs to the anammox-based processes.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2024
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IF 7.7
Andong Zhao,Jun Li,Peng Gao,Peng Tang,Tingting Liu,Xin Zhang,Xuming Liu,Cong Chen,Zehao Zhang,Zhaoming Zheng
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), an extensively utilized photoresist developer, is frequently present in ammonium-rich wastewater from semiconductor manufacturing, and its substantial ecotoxicity should not be underestimated. This study systematically investigated the effects of TMAH on the anammox granular sludge (AnGS) system and elucidated its inhibitory mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the median inhibitory concentration of TMAH for anammox was 84.85 mg/L. The nitrogen removal performance of the system was significantly decreased after long-term exposure to TMAH (0 - 200 mg/L) for 30 days ( p < 0.05), but it showed adaptability to certain concentrations (≤ 50 mg/L). Concurrently, the stability of the granules decreased dramatically, resulting in the breakdown of AnGS. Further investigations indicated that TMAH exposure increased the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances but weakened their defense function. The increase in reactive oxygen species resulted in damage to the cell membrane. Reduced activity of anammox bacteria, impeded electron transfer, and changes in enzyme activity suggested that TMAH affected the metabolic activity. Microbiological analysis revealed that TMAH caused a decrease in the abundance of anammox bacteria and a weakening of symbiotic interactions within the microbial community. These results provide valuable guidance for the AnGS system application in chip wastewater treatment.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Qiong Wang,Junxiang Cui,Na Chen,Xiaojing Zhang,Yongpeng Ma,Ke Zhang,Donglai Peng
This study investigated the impact of bisphenol A (BPA) on nitrogen removal in sulfur autotrophic denitrification-Anammox (SAD/A) microbial consortia. Batch tests revealed a concentration-driven biphasic response: 1 μg/L–50 mg/L BPA stimulated denitrification, increasing nitrate removal efficiency by 9.82–29.17 % and total nitrogen removal efficiency by 4.05–6.24 % by providing organics. 50 mg/L BPA inhibited Anammox, reducing ammonia removal efficiency by 19.71 % and causing nitrite accumulation (12.06 ± 4.38 mg/L). Microbial analysis confirmed BPA promoted Proteobacteria-dominated denitrifiers but suppressed Planctomycetota (Anammox bacteria hosts). Two anaerobic BPA biodegradation pathways were identified, with hydroxylation and oxidative cleavage as primary routes. Although the SAD/A microbial consortia effectively detoxified BPA through sequential transformation, one intermediate (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) exhibited elevated chronic toxicity. The SAD/A microbial consortia achieve dual goals for nitrogen removal and BPA mitigation. These findings provide effective strategies for treating endocrine-disrupting compounds polluted nitrogen-containing wastewaters.
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