查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

NaCl Induces Flavonoid Biosynthesis through a Putative Novel Pathway in Post-harvest Ginkgo Leaves

Ni Jun,Hao Juan,Jiang Zhifang,Zhan Xiaori,Dong Lixiang,Yang Xiuli,Sun Zhehang,Xu Wenya,Wang Zhikun,Xu Maojun

The flavonoids in the extracts of Ginkgo leaves have been shown to have great medical value: thus, a method to increase the flavonoid contents in these extracts is of significant importance for human health. In the present study, we investigated the changes in flavonoid contents and the corresponding gene expression levels in post-harvest Ginkgo leaves after various treatments. We found that both ultraviolet-B and NaCl treatment induced flavonoid accumulation. However, gene expression analysis showed that the increases in flavonoid contents were achieved by different pathways. Furthermore, post-harvest Ginkgo leaves responded differently to NaCl treatment compared with naturally grown leaves in both flavonoid contents and corresponding gene expression. In addition, combined treatment with ultraviolet-B and NaCl did not further increase the flavonoid contents compared with ultraviolet-B or NaCl treatment alone. Our results indicate the existence of a novel mechanism in response to NaCl treatment in post-harvest Ginkgo leaves, and provide a technique to increase flavonoid content in the pharmaceutical industry.

Total Flavonoid Extract from Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) Improves Inflammatory Cytokines-Evoked Epithelial Barrier Deficit

Feng Liu,Xuesong Zhang,Yong Ji

Background Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction is involved in the development and pathogenesis of intestinal diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and celiac disease. This study was performed to evaluate the ability of total flavonoid extract from hawthorn (TFH) to improve TNF-α-evoked intestinal epithelial barrier deficit. Material/Methods Caco-2 cells monolayers were exposed to TNF-α in different concentrations of TFH. Intestinal epithelial barrier function was evaluated using epithelial permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Results Our findings showed that TFH alleviated the increase of paracellular permeability and the decline of transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) evoked by TNF-α. Additionally, 24-h pre-incubation with TFH inhibited TNF-α-evoked secretion of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-1β). Furthermore, TFH inhibited TNF-α-evoked overexpression of pMLC and MLCK and alleviated breakdown of TJs protein (ZO-1 and occludin). The activations of Elk-1 and NFκBp65 were inhibited by TFH pre-incubation. Conclusions TFH can alleviate TNF-α-evoked intestinal epithelial barrier deficit via the NFκBp65-mediated MLCK-MLC signaling pathway.

Lotus leaf flavonoid-loaded zein/chitosan composite films for controlled-release active food packaging

Xinrui Gao,Zhili Ma,Huiqing Wu,Wen Huang,Dexin Zhang

Lotus leaf flavonoids (LLF), derived from an abundant agricultural byproduct, were incorporated into zein/chitosan (ZC) matrices to fabricate multifunctional edible films with controlled-release properties for active food packaging applications. LLF-ZC composite films containing different flavonoid loadings (0.1–0.3%, w / v ) were prepared and systematically evaluated in terms of physicochemical, mechanical, thermal, structural, and bioactive properties. The incorporation of LLF significantly increased film thickness, density, tensile strength, and thermal stability, while maintaining low water vapor and gas permeability. Structural characterization by SEM, ATR-FTIR, and XRD confirmed good compatibility between LLF and the ZC matrix, mainly attributed to hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. LLF addition markedly enhanced the antioxidant and antibacterial performance of the films, with DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities exceeding 90% at higher LLF contents and concentration-dependent inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Among the tested formulations, the 0.2% LLF-ZC film exhibited the most balanced overall performance in terms of mechanical strength, barrier properties, and bioactivity. The release behavior of LLF was strongly influenced by the polarity of food simulants, with the highest cumulative release observed in 50% ethanol, followed by water and 95% ethanol. Kinetic analysis indicated that the release profiles were best described by the Peppas-Sahlin and Ritger-Peppas models, demonstrating that Fickian diffusion was the dominant release mechanism. Overall, these results highlight the potential of LLF-ZC films as sustainable active packaging materials, particularly for semi-fatty food systems.

Flavonoid glycosides from seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. Sinensis with α-glucosidase inhibition activity

Rui Li,Qing Wang,Menghao Zhao,Peiming Yang,Xiao Hu,Danwei Ouyang

Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. Sinensis is a famous traditional medicinal plant in Tibet and Mongolia of China. Three novel flavonoid glycosides and ten known analogues were obtained from the seeds of H. rhamnoides . The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopics, chemical methods as well as literature data. In vitro assay, compounds 5–9 , kaempferol and 70% ethanolic elution fraction showed prominent α -glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC 50 values ranging from 8.30 to 112.11 μM, better than that of the positive control, acarbose , whose IC 50 value was 1727.07 μM.

Effects of Different Temperatures on Flavonoid Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activities of Paecilomyces hepiali

Bing Jia,Chuyu Tang,Haoxu Tang,Yan Tong,Jinxuan Yan,Yuling Li,Xiuzhang Li

To explore the physiological and metabolic response mechanism ofPaecilomyces hepiali (P. hepiali)under varying temperatures, five temperature gradients were established in this study. Combined with in vitro antioxidant assays and untargeted and targeted metabolomics analyses, the variations in antioxidant system and flavonoid secondary metabolites were investigated. Results showed that temperature significantly affected the accumulation of active substances and antioxidant capacity, including of peroxidase (POD), total flavonoids, soluble protein and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Metabolomics analysis revealed distinct metabolic profiles among groups, and flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified as pivotal responsive metabolites. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that flavonoid biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism served as core regulatory pathways. Nineteen common differential flavonoid metabolites were screened out. Correlation analysis revealed that vanillin, cryptochlorogenic acid and sinapinic acid strongly correlated with antioxidant capacity, acting as key regulators for temperature-induced antioxidant responses inP. hepiali. This study verified that temperature modulates the antioxidant system and flavonoid metabolism ofP. hepiali, offering references for industrial optimization of its fermentation.

A Flavonoid-Reduced Gold Microneedle Sensor for Closed-Loop Optimization of Homocysteine Thiolactone Electrosynthesis

Fengming Zhao,Renyi Wang,Huadong Hu,Yongqiang Guan,Yinghong Zhu,Zhaoyang Chen,Youqun Chu

Flavonoid-reduced gold electrode with SAM/Nafion improve detection performance. • Gold microneedle sensor enables real-time monitoring of HTL electro-synthesis. • Arduino-ADS realizes real-time digitization and intelligent regulation. • Closed-loop optimization for HTL electrolysis increases yield by 43.7%. Continuous monitoring of target reactants is essential for elucidating electrochemical system dynamics and enabling real-time measurement-control strategies in electrosynthesis. Herein, we report a flavonoid-reduced gold microneedle sensor with formed active Au sites for the electroreduction response toward carbonyl groups in homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), whereby current-concentration calibration curves are established to realize in-situ data acquisition and process control of HTL electrosynthesis. Plant flavonoid-mediated in-situ reduction enhances the dispersion and stability of gold nanoparticles on gold substrates. The synergistic combination of sulfhydryl-based self-assembled monolayers and a Nafion barrier effectively mitigates nonspecific adsorption, reducing background interference and improving signal-to-noise ratio and long-term stability for online monitoring in complex matrices. Integrated with an ADS1115 module, the sensor forms a closed-loop feedback system for real-time digital processing of concentration data and electrolysis parameter adjustment. The sensor exhibits a linear range of 1 μM to 5 mM, detection limit of 1.85 μM, sensitivity of 0.068 A/M, 94% long-term stability, and excellent reproducibility/repeatability, with only ±4% average deviation from HPLC measurements. In flow-through electrolysis, real-time current density optimization via this sensor increased HTL yield by 43.7% compared to conventional batch operation, providing a novel strategy for green and intelligent organic electrosynthesis. Download: Download high-res image (243KB) Download: Download full-size image

Natural Carboxylic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvents: Properties, Bioactivities and Walnut Green Peel Flavonoid Extraction

Lei Gong,Lili Yue,Menghao Li,Qilong Chen,Xuan Liu,Daming Gao,Junli Ren,Nan Zhang,Jie Zhu

Novel green solvents are a key focus in green chemistry, and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are promising sustainable solvents. This study systematically examined the physicochemical properties (water content, polarity, conductivity, Kamlet-Taft parameters, and viscosity) of ten carboxylic acid-based DESs (CADESs). It also evaluated their antibacterial activity against representative Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureusandEnterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coliandPseudomonas aeruginosa). The antibacterial activity of CADESs is closely related to low pH values, hydrogen bond donor properties, and the destructive effect on bacterial cell membranes. antioxidant properties via ABTS, DPPH scavenging assays and Fe2+chelating assays, and phytotoxicity through mung bean tests. When used to extract flavonoids from walnut peel, the choline chloride/levulinic acid system with 30% water achieved the highest yield of 112.8 mg RE·g−1DW. Therefore, CADESs show great potential as green solvents for flavonoid extraction in sustainable technologies.

Identification of UGTs and BCRP as potential pharmacokinetic determinants of the natural flavonoid alpinetin

Chunli Qi,Jiangnan Fu,Huinan Zhao,Huijie Xing,Dong Dong,Baojian Wu

Characterization of pea protein-different types of glycoside flavonoid complex interactions and functional properties

Zihao Chen,Min Fu,Jun Chen,Guowen Zhang,Qin Geng,Xing Hu,Yihui Wang,Ti Li,Ruihong Liang,Taotao Dai

Flavonoids offer various health benefits due to their chemical properties and non-covalent interactions with food nutrients. Despite extensive research on flavonoid-protein interactions, the effects of flavonoid glycosides on pea protein (PP) remained unclear. This study explored the non-covalent interactions of luteolin (Lu), isoorientin (Iso), and cynaroside (Cyn) with PP using molecular docking and multi-spectral techniques. Results showed that Lu interacted with PP mainly through hydrophobic forces, while Iso and Cyn interacted predominantly via hydrogen bonding. At 298 K, the binding affinity of flavonoids to PP was ranked as Lu (16.98 × 10 4 M −1 ) > Iso (7.41 × 10 4 M −1 ) > Cyn (6.31 × 10 4 M −1 ). Circular dichroism analysis showed that flavonoid glycosides loosened the protein structure by inducing a change in the secondary structure of PP from an α-helix to a random coil. This resulted in improved foaming, emulsification, and antioxidant properties of PP. This study provided insights into flavonoid-protein interactions and their potential applications in functional protein foods.

Plant-Derived Flavonoid and Antibiotic Self-Assembled Nanomedicines for Enhanced Efficacy Against Bacterial Infections

Mengying Zhang,Pingping Yuan,Yang Zhao,Shuo Yang,Xuan Ma,Qingjun Xu,Kezong Qi,Lin Li,Shaoqi Qu

Bacterial infections pose a serious challenge to public health and contribute to significant economic losses. The limited solubility of many antibiotics affects their absorption and therapeutic potential. Nanobased delivery systems offer a promising approach to improve solubility and therapeutic efficacy, though challenges such as nanocarrier toxicity and low drug loading rates remain. Here, we present a carrier-free drug delivery strategy to enhance the antibacterial efficacy. Two poorly water-soluble drugs, rifampicin (RIF) and isobavachalcone (IBC), were formulated into nanoparticles (RI@NP), with sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium acetate added to improve the stability and polarity. RI@NP demonstrated superior efficacy at lower doses compared with RIF and IBC alone. Mechanistic studies revealed that RI@NP disrupts bacterial membrane integrity, leading to PMF collapse, impaired electron transport, ATP depletion, intracellular ROS accumulation, and ultimately bacterial cell death. Furthermore, RI@NP effectively eliminated 99% of Staphylococcus aureus within 24 h. Compared to the separate use of RIF and IBC, RI@NP showed enhanced efficacy in the mouse peritonitis-sepsis model, with a 100% survival rate and a 99% reduction in bacterial load in major organs. Our designed carrier-free RI@NP could achieve enhanced efficacy and shed light on the development of carrier-free nanoparticles against bacterial infections.

Relationship between antioxidant activity and ESIPT process based on flavonoid derivatives: A comprehensive analysis

Xingzhu Tang,Lingling Wang,Yajie Zhang,Chaofan Sun

Antioxidant activity, as a topic of current interest, is discussed together with the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process for three flavonoid derivatives, based on density functional theory (DFT)and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods, as well as DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The potential energy curves and transition states demonstrate that the three molecules can undergo only single proton transfer in the excited state, and all of them are ultrafast ESIPT processes. The absorption spectra of all the molecules show effective protection against UV radiation with low fluorescence intensity, especially Baicalein (Bai), which demonstrates their great potential for sunscreen applications. The density of states, HOMO energy values, global and local indices reveal that the antioxidant activity of the molecules after ESIPT process is enhanced, with Bai having the highest antioxidant activity, which is significantly attributed to the number and position of phenolic hydroxyl groups. Moreover, by comparing the DPPH free radical scavenging activity under the dark and UV radiation conditions, the radical scavenging activity (RSA) value in the UV radiation is remarkably higher than that in the dark condition, in which Bai achieves RSA value of 93.4%. Overall, the antioxidant activity of all three ESIPT-based flavonoid derivatives, especially Bai, is significantly elevated in the keto* form, which reinforces the significant relationship between antioxidant activity and ESIPT process, and provides new application prospects for molecules with ESIPT properties.

The pigeon pea CcCIPK14-CcCBL1 pair positively modulates drought tolerance by enhancing flavonoid biosynthesis

Dong Meng,Biying Dong,Lili Niu,Zhihua Song,Litao Wang,Rohul Amin,Hongyan Cao,Hanghang Li,Qing Yang,Yujie Fu

SUMMARY Calcineurin B-like (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a central role in Ca 2+ signalling and promote drought tolerance in plants. The CIPK gene family in pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan L.), a major food crop affected by drought, has not previously been characterised. Here, we identified 28 CIPK genes in the pigeon pea genome. Five CcCIPK genes were strongly upregulated in roots upon drought treatment and were selected for further characterisation. Overexpression of CcCIPK13 and CcCIPK14 increased survival rates by two- to three-fold relative to controls after 14 days of drought. Furthermore, the three major flavonoids, genistin, genistein and apigenin, were significantly upregulated in the same transgenic plants. Using CcCIPK14 as bait, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen and identified six interactors, including CcCBL1. CcCIPK14 exhibited autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of CcCBL1 in vitro . CcCBL1 -overexpressed plants displayed higher survival rates upon drought stress as well as higher expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes and flavonoid content. CcCIPK14 -overexpressed plants in which CcCBL1 transcript levels were reduced by RNA interference had lower survival rates, which indicated CcCBL1 in the same pathway as CcCIPK14. Together, our results demonstrate a role for the CcCIPK14-CcCBL1 complex in drought stress tolerance through the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in pigeon pea.