Additive Manufacturing
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2024
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IF 10.3
Xinxi Zeng,Pingfan Jia,Desheng Pan,Yunlong Guo,Xiaoqing Xi,Peipei Li,Lingyun Qian,Chaoyang Sun,Ying Li,Bo Li,Ji Zhou
4D printing allows the creation of 3D-printed structures with a variety of new functionalities that respond to external stimuli, including electromagnetic properties, for which research is limited, such as terahertz resonances in ferrite materials; and therefore holding great promise for a wide range of applications. However, the limited physical properties of ferrite materials, including their anisotropic properties and limited material manipulation space, pose significant challenges to the development of ferrite materials designed for progressively increasing terahertz frequencies. Therefore, this paper proposes a platform for overcoming the limitations of terahertz resonance in ferrites through the 4D printing of metamaterials. Both the elastic and viscous moduli of the slurry are sensitive to the applied shear stress; as this stress increases, these moduli sharply decrease by several orders of magnitude, resulting in the transformation of the slurry into a fluid state similar to the liquefaction of ink. Electromagnetic coupling modes between electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles endow these ferrite metamaterials with induction and switching of terahertz resonances due to orientation stimulation. Our work sheds light on the creation of electromagnetic properties and their control by 4D printing.
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Smart Materials and Structures
·
2024
·Vol. 33
·期 2
·025015
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IF 3.7
Hongwei Yang,Shu Huang,Hang Zhang,Junhui Zhang,Jie Sheng,Feng Chen,Chen Wang,Chaoxu Liang,Bin Xue
Although mechanical metamaterials possess high specific energy absorption, they suffer from drawbacks such as irreversible deformations and non-adjustable mechanical properties. Magnetic excitation is considered to be one of the most promising methods for special working environments; for which uniform incorporation of UV-cured four-dimensional (4D) printed resin is considered to be an effective approach to achieving fine structural features. Our study investigated the impact of soft magnetic particle content on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of a shape memory polymer matrix material. This paper presents a 4D printed metamaterial with a zero Poisson's ratio that can sense magnetic field intensity and alter its mechanical properties. Its rapid shape recovery, achieved through magnetic excitation, enables multiple energy absorption within a short timeframe. By increasing the curvature radius, the stress concentration in the hexagonal honeycomb structure is reduced, ensuring the metamaterial maintains its zero Poisson's ratio even under in-plane loading. The study investigates the energy absorption performance and force–displacement curve of metamaterials with different layers and cell sizes, focusing on a four-layer metamaterial for the analysis. Furthermore, the paper explores the tunable energy absorption characteristics of the four-layer metamaterial under time-varying electromagnetic fields, aiming to enhance the stability of a lander's center of gravity while landing on uneven terrain.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
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IF 6.7
Lixin Ma,Ruiyun Zhou,Xiaonan Yang,Zijie Dai,Qian Xu,Yang Zhang,Chen Wang,Zhiming Guo,Yunxia Ye,Xiaobo Zou,Jianrong Cai
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique offers detailed chemical structure information on molecules and has been widely applied in the detection of chemical pesticide molecules. The molecular structures of different pesticides vary significantly, and their Raman scattering cross-sections are typically low and significantly different. The low concentrations of pesticide residues and the complexity of sample matrices often pose challenges for direct Raman detection. Especially in mixed pesticides, it is difficult for the SERS technology to obtain effective spectral information from molecules with lower Raman scattering cross-sections. Herein, a SERS-terahertz dual-modal sensor based on a carbon nanotubes/Au@Ag nanoparticles (CNTs/Au@AgNPs) cross-wavelength hierarchical metamaterial device was constructed. Unlike conventional single-signal enhancement devices, this sensor achieves synergistic enhancement of Raman and terahertz signals by integrating composite nanomaterials into one micronano-sensing chip, rationally arranging the terahertz local electric field enhancement region and Raman “hotspots.” Leveraging heterologous signal amplification, the sensor enables the effective detection of pesticide molecules through complementary information provided by Raman and terahertz spectroscopies and dual-modal signal enhancement. As a verification, the dual-modal device realizes the simultaneous detection of thiram and imidacloprid, and the limit of detection reaches 0.0149 and 0.0721 mg/kg, respectively. Additionally, the device can restore its sensing ability through simple washing and demonstrates good reusability. This integrated micronano-sensing device, comprising cross-wavelength hierarchical metamaterials, exhibits excellent sensing performance and offers a novel approach for multisubstance chemical analysis.
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Jun Cao,Chengsheng Wang,Zechao Xu,Kelan Yan,Liming Shen,Zheng Huang,Lingjie Zhang,Runhua Fan,Ningzhong Bao
Metamaterials exhibiting simultaneous negative permittivity (ε < 0) and negative permeability (μ < 0) offer exceptional electromagnetic properties, enabling advanced applications such as subwavelength imaging, wireless power transfer, and advanced antenna systems. Chromium-based selenium spinel composites have emerged as promising candidates for random double-negative metamaterials (DNMs), although achieving tunable and desired double-negative characteristics remains challenging. Here, CoCr2Se4, distinguished by high magnetic spin resonance in high-frequency fields and low conductivity, was selected to modulate the electromagnetic properties of CuCr2Se4-based composites. A series of (1 − x)CuCr2Se4·xCoCr2Se4 samples were synthesized via a solid-state reaction. Double-negative properties were achieved in the MHz frequency ranges, specifically within 841–1000 MHz for x = 0.2, 638–1000 MHz for x = 0.4, and 484–1000 MHz for x = 0.6. The negative permittivity arises from the plasma oscillations of delocalized carriers, well described by the Drude model. Meanwhile, negative permeability is explained through the suppression of eddy currents–due to the low conductivity of CoCr2Se4-which mitigates skin-depth limitations and enhances magnetic resonance. This composite design not only reduces electromagnetic attenuation but also improves magnetic responsiveness under alternating fields. By clarifying the selection rationale for metallic ferromagnetic spinel composites, this work enhances the theoretical understanding and tuning mechanisms of negative ε and μ. It thereby broadens the scope of metamaterial research and facilitates the development of single-phase double-negative materials, especially for low-frequency near-field applications.
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Additive Manufacturing
·
2024
·
IF 10.3
Zhenhuan Lv,Wenqiang Yang,Li Yao,Xiang Chen,Junyang Zhou,Ruoyu Li,Hui Mei,Laifei Cheng,Litong Zhang
As a classical ferroelectric material , the BaTiO 3 -based electromagnetic metamaterials for microwave absorption/shielding have not been investigated. In this paper, triply-periodic minimal surface structures with varied unit cell dimensions (UCD) and relative densities (RD) are firstly constructed to investigate the relationship between macrostructure and electromagnetic response, and the single-step fabrication of BaTiO 3 -based metamaterial microwave absorber is then achieved by 3D printing technology . The optimal microwave absorption performance with a minimum reflection loss of –59.06 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 1.7 GHz is achieved in X-band when the UCD is 1 T (taking the UCD in the direction of microwave incidence 1 T=1.47 mm as the standard, and enlarging the UCD as a whole to 5 T in 1 T steps) and the RD is 10 %. In contrast, when the UCD is 2 T, the total shielding effectiveness of BaTiO 3 metamaterial is 15.98 dB, which indicates that the transition from shielding to microwave-absorbing materials can be achieved through the optimization of the macrostructure. This study shows that by tailoring structural parameters, completely different electromagnetic responses can be obtained. Macrostructural design ideas for ferroelectric metamaterials can be explored in more depth based on the above studies.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电磁学
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超材料
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微波工程
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增材制造
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Advanced Science
·
2026
·
IF 14.1
Jian Wang,Xinyu Wang,Jiabao Wang,Biyun Peng,Yifei Zhang,Ning Zhu,Xin Hu
Polymer dielectrics for capacitive energy storage face fundamental trade-offs between breakdown strength, energy density, efficiency, and mechanical robustness. Herein, we break this paradigm by designing a bioinspired strain-adaptive dielectric metamaterial with a multiscale “ligament-bone” architecture. The “ligament” phase epoxy-functionalized polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymer provides dynamic constraints to suppress ferroelectric loss, while the “bone” units, alumina-coated barium titanate nanocores (Al 2 O 3 @BaTiO 3 ), engineered with a strain-responsive “periosteum” shell, mitigate interfacial distortion and carrier migration. This hierarchical design synergistically enables unprecedented electro-mechanical properties: a record-high energy density of 26.1 J cm −3 with 90.2% efficiency at 600 MV m −1 , coupled with a Young's modulus of 2.13 GPa. Operando characterizations and multiscale simulations reveal that strain-adaptive reconfiguration of polymer chains and core-shell interfaces dynamically optimizes field/charge distribution under extreme conditions. This biomimetic strategy establishes a universal framework for designing next-generation dielectrics for extreme-condition electronics.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Xin Yang,Hong Wang,Tong Zhu,Xiao Su,Zequn Lin,Liang Xiao,Pingan Liu,Qianqian Yu,LinGe Wang
Electromagnetic wave absorption materials have significant application value in modern electronic devices, communication systems, and aerospace fields. With the continuous advancement of technology, the demand for materials with efficient wave absorption performance and wide bandwidth is steadily increasing. This study focuses on heterostructure design and multi-component strategies, which have been proven to effectively enhance the material’s reflection loss and absorption bandwidth. By employing electrostatic self-assembly and hydrazine reduction techniques, silver (Ag) nanoparticles were successfully anchored onto reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene (MR) hybrids. The MXene/RGO/Ag (MRAg) hybrid, with only a 20 wt% filler content, exhibits outstanding wave absorption performance, with a minimal reflection loss (RLmin) of −47.28 dB (2.2 mm, 8.0 GHz) and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 8.08 GHz (2.2 mm), achieving an absorption rate of 99.998 %. The excellent wave absorption performance arises from multiple mechanisms, including polarization effects, impedance matching, conductive losses, quarter-wavelength effects, multiple reflections, metamaterial characteristics, quasi-antenna effects, and magnetic losses. Notably, the radar cross-section (RCS) of the MRAg composite material achieves a maximum reduction of 35.6 dB ∙ m 2 , indicating excellent radar stealth performance. Additionally, MRAg demonstrates excellent antibacterial and adsorption-purification properties. The study of MRAg wave absorbents provides valuable theoretical and practical contributions to fields such as radar stealth, satellite communication, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, while also offering new insights for the development of multifunctional wave absorbents.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2023
·
IF 5.7
Li Wang,Ning Wang,Longxuan Yan,Yao Ma,Zhaofa Zhang,Sen Shi,Lanjie Niu,Xiangyang Li,Bingheng Lu
Electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing ceramic metamaterials without doping absorbers were prepared by direct pyrolysis of polymer-derived SiBCN ceramics (PDC-SiBCN). The pyrolytic behavior of the ceramics, the effect of the pyrolysis temperature on the mechanical strength , and the EMW absorption properties of the metamaterials are discussed in detail. The mechanism of the enhanced EMW absorption by the metamaterials was further analyzed. The results indicated that PDC-SiBCN demonstrated the optimum impedance matching and absorption performance at a pyrolysis temperature of 1500 °C. The metamaterial can effectively absorb the full X-band when its thickness is in the range of 4.3–5.7 mm. When the thickness was adjusted to 4.7 mm, the minimum reflection coefficient (RC) reached − 26.6 dB. In addition, the flexural strength of the metamaterial was 31.2 MPa, and the compressive strength was 96.9 MPa, which is 60 times higher than that of the solid structure. This study provides a feasible guide for the simple fabrication of lightweight, high-strength, and high-performance EMW-absorbing materials.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Yisong Qiu,Hongfei Ye,Shuaiqi Zhang,Hongwu Zhang,Yonggang Zheng
Soft network metamaterials are widely used in fields such as flexible electronics, tissue engineering, and biomedicine due to their superior properties including low density, high stretchability, and high breathability. However, the prediction and customization of the nonlinear mechanical behavior of soft network metamaterials remain a challenging problem. In this study, a family of hydrogel-based network metamaterials with biological tissue-like mechanical properties are developed based on a machine learning-driven optimization design method. Numerical and experimental results explain the relationship between the mechanical properties of the designed metamaterials and their microstructural features and stretching ratios. The results indicate that the hydrogel-based network metamaterials exhibit J-shaped stress-deformation (σ–λ) behavior similar to biological tissues. This phenomenon arises from the transition of the deformation mode of metamaterials from bending-dominated to stretching-dominated as the stretching ratio increases. Based on the proposed design scheme, the Poisson’s ratio of metamaterials can be adjusted within a remarkably wide range of −1.06 to 1.34. Furthermore, through optimizing the design parameters of the metamaterial, the customization of network metamaterials with biological tissue-like zero Poisson’s ratio behavior and stress response is achieved. The potential applications of hydrogel-based network metamaterials are demonstrated through artificial skin and LED integrated device. This research offers novel insights into predicting, designing, and fabricating the mechanical behavior of soft network metamaterials.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Heqiang Liu,Yubei Zhang,Xingmin Liu,Wenyan Duan,Minghang Li,Qian Zhou,Shan Li,Gong Wang,Guifang Han
Electromagnetic absorption materials that possess efficient absorption performance and broad absorption bandwidth are needed to combat the electromagnetic interference (EMI). SiBCN ceramic-based metamaterials modified with defect-rich carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were developed by combining the additive manufacturing technique and polymer derived ceramic route. Meta-structures were patterned by additive manufacturing of preceramic polymer and followed by thermolysis of the green bodies. Defect-rich CNFs were in-situ generated by thermolysis of nanocellulose introduced into the preceramic green bodies. When the content of cellulose is 6.0 wt% and the annealing temperature is 1200 °C, the real and imaginary part of permittivity can reach as high as 17.0 and 7.0, respectively. Cole-Cole circle plots indicates that the CNFs-SiBCN ceramics possess strong polarization capability due to the defect-rich structure of CNFs. At the thickness of 1.8 mm, the minimal reflection loss (RL min ) can reach −20.0 dB while the effective absorption bandwidth reached 2.85 GHz. Through multi-scale (nano and macro) designing, a simulated ultra-broad effective absorption bandwidth of 32.4 GHz from 7.6 GHz to 40 GHz was achieved, where the RL min reached −46.0 dB at the frequency of 26.8 GHz. This work finds innovative route for the development of ceramic-based broadband electromagnetic absorption materials and new application for the polymer derived ceramics.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Yuchao Wu,Cheng Qiu,Karla J. Silva,Jaeho Shin,Shaoyun Wang,Bujingda Zheng,Zhenru Chen,Guoliang Huang,James M. Tour,Jian Lin
Mechanical metamaterials have garnered significant interests due to their unique properties, which arise from the periodic structures of their constituent units. However, traditional mechanical metamaterials suffer from limitations of fixed properties of the constituent units or irreversibility if they are damaged or little-to-no recyclability. Addressing this challenge, herein, a photoresin consisting of a monomer synthesized from a renewable biomass—epoxidized soybean oil (ESO)—citric acid (CA) and other components was developed for light-based 3D printing. It is discovered that the UV irradiation initiates photopolymerized of the highly photoactive epoxidized soybean oil-ethyl acrylamide (ESO-EA) monomer while enabling the epoxy-acid reaction (EAR) of the epoxy groups in ESO-EA with carboxyl groups in CA to create dynamic chemical bonds (DCBs). This formed dynamic crosslinking network endows the printed material with tunable tensile strengths (0.3–10.4 MPa) and shape memory behaviors (transition temperature: 22–48 °C) while maintaining high stretchability (fractural strain: 81 %–205 %). Thermal annealing facilitates dynamic transesterification reactions (DTER) to further improve the mechanical properties while making the printed materials healable and recyclable. By integrating these innovations into liquid crystal display (LCD) based 3D printing, we demonstrate origami metamaterials with tunable, multi-stable mechanical behaviors as well as property recovery after self-healing of the damaged structures by both simulations and experiments. Finally, the printed metamaterials can be recycled with the well-preserved properties.
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Applied Materials Today
·
2024
·
IF 7.2
Huanmin Yao,Haibao Mu,Maoqun Shen,Andrea Cavallini,He Li,Haoxiang Zhao,Wendong Li,Daning Zhang,Guanjun Zhang
The application of nonlinear conductivity coatings in high-voltage power module is a promising strategy for significantly improving electrical insulation performance. The core of the improvement principle is that the nonlinear conductivity realizes a dynamic optimization of the discharge risk inside the material. The realization of this nonlinear conductivity requires sufficient microscopic arrangement of fillers that align with the macroscopic insulation structure. However, conventional methods fail at precise arrangement control so that typically require high filler concentration, which markedly increases dielectric loss and leakage current. Drawing inspiration from the bamboo structure, metamaterials offer an efficient tuning of nonlinear characteristics with lower filler concentrations through thoughtful design. In this context, we introduce a novel approach to fabricate SiC whisker / silicon elastomer metamaterial coatings leveraging the dielectrophoretic effect. Comprehensive testing of the physical and chemical properties of the composites confirmed the successful preparation of the material. And the metamaterial exhibits excellent nonlinear conductivity and low dielectric loss across various temperatures. Notably, after applying the metamaterial coating, the maximum electric field stress within the power module was reduced by nearly ten times, and the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) increased by 58.9 %, 74.7 %, and 32.8 % at 30 °C, 60 °C, and 90 °C, respectively. From solid physical mechanism to exquisite material design and practical device-level implementation, this study offers valuable insights into enhancing the insulation performance of power module and demonstrates substantial potential for further industrial applications.
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