WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
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2026
·Vol. 237
·期 20
·1157
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IF 3.5
Zhou Qihua,Wang Chenyang,Xu Simin,Duan Ziyi,Fu Tiantian,Ding Zhonghai,Li Na
Pomegranate peel, a by-product of pomegranate fruit processing, is frequently discarded in substantial quantities. This agricultural waste contains an exceptionally high concentration of natural polyphenols, distinguished by abundant hydroxyl groups possessing dual hydrogen-bond donating and accepting capabilities. However, research on the fabrication of hydrogels from pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPP) for organic dye removal applications remains limited. In this research, polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) hydrogel was first synthesized through freeze–thaw cycles, and subsequently soaked in an aqueous PPP solution to fabricate the PVA/CMC/PPP composite hydrogel. We employed Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and simultaneous thermal analyzer for hydrogel characterization. Our findings revealed a porous structure in the hydrogel, with PPP immersion enhancing its pore configuration and thermal stability. Swelling tests further revealed that PPP reduced the degree of hydrogel swelling. The combined action of PPP and the PVA/CMC hydrogel augmented the adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB). The adsorption of MB conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model, and its kinetic behavior aligned more closely with the pseudo-second-order model. The PVA/CMC/PPP hydrogel preserved superior MB removal capability even after five cycling operations. Thus, the formulated PVA/CMC/PPP hydrogel holds promise as a promising candidate for organic dye extraction from water.
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MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 5.7
Ren Jie,Zhou Ziqiong,Zhang Wenjing,Wang Yu,Li Yan,Yang Wu
Developing hydrogels that simultaneously combine high mechanical robustness, antifreezing capability, and stable conductivity remains a substantial challenge for flexible sensing materials. Herein, we report a multifunctional conductive rotaxane-crosslinked hydrogel constructed from a γ-cyclodextrin/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (γ-CD/PEGDA) slide-ring crosslinker embedded in a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/acrylamide (AM)/xanthan gum (XG)/Zn 2+ network. The threaded crosslinker introduces movable junctions into the network, allowing stress redistribution through a pulley effect and thereby improving the mechanical performance of the hydrogel. Together with hydrogen bonding, Zn 2+ coordination, and the physically crosslinked PVA network, this design generates a robust multicomponent architecture. The optimized hydrogel exhibited a tensile stress of 3.2 MPa, an elongation at break of 254%, and a toughness of 40 MJ m −3 , together with high puncture resistance and cyclic stability. The hydrogel also showed a freezing point of −20.59 ° C and a low equilibrium swelling ratio in water, indicating favorable antifreezing and antiswelling performance. Owing to interconnected ionic conduction pathways, the material further displayed stable ionic conductivity and reliable strain-sensing behavior over a broad strain range, with rapid response/recovery and effective monitoring of human motion and subtle physiological activities. This work provides a practical strategy for constructing mechanically robust, antifreezing, and conductive hydrogels for wearable sensing and related bioelectronic applications.
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Food Packaging and Shelf Life
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2026
·
IF 10.8
Tian Du,Lin-Kun Sun,Pei-Ru Zhou,Yu-Cang Zhang,Yan-Zhen Zheng
Oysters are highly nutritious but extremely perishable due to rapid microbial growth and biochemical deterioration after shucking, leading to undesirable off-odor and textural degradation during storage. To address this challenge, a series of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based composite films incorporating propolis polyphenols extracted using supramolecular deep eutectic solvents (SDES) were developed as multifunctional active packaging materials. Comprehensive characterization confirmed good compatibility between PVA and DES propolis extracts (DPT), as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed strong hydrogen bonding interactions and reduced crystallinity in the composite films. The incorporation of DPT markedly enhanced functional performance, including outstanding UV-blocking ability (UV transmittance at 280 nm decreased from 68.2% to 4.6%), improved flexibility (elongation at break increased from 178.7% to 471.1%), and enhanced thermal stability (maximum degradation temperature increased from 285 °C to 360 °C). The PVA/DPT50 film also exhibited excellent antioxidant activity (77.4% DPPH radical scavenging) and strong antibacterial effects against E. coli and S. aureus . When applied to oyster preservation at 4 °C, the PVA/DPT40 film effectively inhibited quality deterioration by reducing lipid oxidation, suppressing microbial growth, and maintaining lower pH and TVB-N values after 10 days of storage. These results demonstrate that PVA/DPT composite films provide an efficient and eco-friendly strategy for extending the shelf life of highly perishable seafood products.
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JOURNAL OF BIOACTIVE AND COMPATIBLE POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 1.9
Mohammad Javan Almasi,Chenyang Gong,Abdelsalam Abdelhussein,Dangsheng Xiong
This study reports novel biomimetic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels modified with poly (2-acrylamido-2-ethylpropanesulfonic acid; PAMPS), mica and multi-walled carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTCOOH) and evaluates how filler identity and microstructure control functional properties for cartilage like applications. Spectroscopy and elemental mapping confirmed the presence and chemical integrity of all additives. Electron microscopy showed an interconnected porous network whose pore size increases with PAMPS, decreases with mica, and enlarges with CNTCOOH. Combining mica with CNTCOOH produced a denser network that strengthened the material but reduced fluid uptake. Measured water content (WC) ranged from 88.0% to 93.2%. The CNTCOOH rich composition swelled fastest and reached an equilibrium swelling ratio (SR) near 1692%, while the dual filler composition displayed limited swelling. Mechanical testing showed that the dual filler composition achieved the highest tensile strength (TS) of 0.55 MPa and the greatest elongation at break of 165% and also exhibited the highest compressive stiffness under large strain. In contrast, porous CNT rich samples absorbed fluid rapidly but had lower TS. Friction testing under joint like conditions identified hydration lubrication as the main low friction mechanism and the using both filler enriched samples produced the low coefficient of friction (COF) near 0.066. Wear tests after extended cycling revealed low average wear depths for the dual filler hydrogel and only minor surface flattening without cracking or delamination. Together these results demonstrate that deliberate choice and combination of fillers allow predictable tuning of swelling behavior, lubrication and mechanical resilience to meet different biomedical needs.
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Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 16
·2830
·
IF 6
Haoyue Wu,Yi Zhou,Huaxing Xu,Zhaoming Wang,Xingguang Chen,Hui Zhou
Fresh pork remains susceptible to psychrotrophic spoilage during superchilled storage. Although oregano essential oil (OEO), nisin, and active absorbent pads have each been studied, their effects on spoilage-community proliferation and concurrent quality loss remain poorly resolved. Here, we coupled longitudinal 16S rRNA gene profiling with conventional microbiological and quality measurements to evaluate a poly(vinyl alcohol)/soy protein isolate pad containing OEO-loaded soluble soybean polysaccharide-nisin nanoparticles (PS-NPs). Pork was stored at −1 °C for 24 days without a pad (CK), with a nanoparticle-free pad (PS), or with PS-NPs. Bacterial communities in CK and PS-NPs were profiled alongside total viable count, TVB-N, TBARS, protein carbonyls, color, water-holding capacity, and sensory quality. Compared with CK, PS-NPs slowed the increase in viable counts and delayed physicochemical and sensory deterioration. On day 24,Pseudomonasrelative abundance was 39.48% with PS-NPs and 51.02% in CK. TBARS and protein carbonyl contents were 36.96% and 19.44% lower than CK, respectively, while cooking loss was 28.49% versus 32.18%. Among the evaluated taxon-quality pairs,Pseudomonas psychrophilashowed the strongest positive association with protein carbonyl content. Unlike earlier performance-focused studies, this work links packaging-associated community shifts with concurrent chemical, physical, and sensory changes under superchilling. The findings support PS-NPs as a preservation strategy.
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Analytical Methods
·
2026
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IF 3
Huaqing Ling,zhixi Zhao,Ziqi Zhang,Shan Chen,Zulihaya Maimaiti
Accurate detection of organic selenium speciation in soil and water was essential for preserving ecological safety and protecting human health. The performance of a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor was critically dependent on the structural characteristics of the substrate material. In this work, a simple, low-cost and recyclable 3D porous polyvinyl alcohol/silver nanoparticles (PVA/AgNPs) hydrogel SERS substrate was prepared by the cyclic freeze-thaw method.This substrate exhibited exceptional SERS performance for both L-selenomethionine (SeMet) and Se-(methyl) seleno-L-cysteine (SeMCys). The enhancement factor (EF) reached values as high as 5.91×10 8 , and the limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 3.16 μg/L. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that charge transfer from the organic selenium molecules to the substrate was the primary mechanism for signal enhancement. Machine learning assisted analysis of SERS spectra effectively mitigated interferences from complex sample matrices. The support vector machine (SVM) model achieved a classification accuracy of 93% on the test set. The support vector regression (SVR) model achieved a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) greater than 0.991 on the prediction set, with root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) values of 35.884 μg/L and 8.663 μg/L, respectively. The proposed method enabled accurate identification and precise quantification of organic selenium species in authentic water and soil samples, demonstrated potential for practical application.
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ACS Applied Electronic Materials
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Long Yu,Yi’na Yang,Tianran Zhao,Liyang Zhao,Jia Chen,Chunna Yu,Chang Zhao,Guangjian Xing
As biocompatible soft materials with stimuli-responsive characteristics, wearable strain sensors based on conductive hydrogels hold substantial promise across diverse engineering fields. However, their practical applications are often hindered by limited sensitivity and issues related to single functionality. This study presents a multifunctional composite hydrogel composed of PAA/PVA/PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX designed for flexible strain sensors and synthesized through a straightforward one-pot polymerization technique. The incorporation of Ti3C2TX MXene nanosheets significantly enhances the porous architecture and mechanical properties of the hydrogel. This hydrogel features a combination of covalent and physical cross-linking networks, showcasing remarkable elastic recovery, puncture resistance, stretchability, robust interfacial adhesion, and self-healing capabilities. The hydrogel-based strain sensor demonstrates exceptional performance, including high sensitivity (GF = 21.36 in the 31–50% strain range), a low detection limit (53.0 Pa), rapid response and recovery times (42 ms/38 ms), and long-term stability (>1,600 cycles). Its practical applications in information encryption, handwriting recognition, and wireless robotic motion monitoring highlight its potential as a versatile platform for advanced flexible sensing technologies.
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MOLECULES
·
2026
·Vol. 31
·期 4
·669
·
IF 5.1
Jiarui Liu,Jiachang Feng,Zhefeng Xu,Jinsong Zhang,He Wang
Natural antibacterial food packaging materials endowed with environmental responsiveness are garnering substantial research interest in sustainable food preservation. This study reports the development of a pH-responsive antimicrobial composite film through encapsulation of eugenol—a natural phenolic compound—within zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). The engineered eugenol@ZIF-8 system demonstrated pH-dependent release characteristics, with cumulative release reaching 32.2% at pH 6 versus merely 0.61% at pH 7 over 4 h. Subsequent integration of this nanocarrier into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) matrix yielded a multifunctional composite film for active food packaging applications. The characterization of film revealed that while eugenol@ZIF-8 incorporation slightly compromised mechanical strength (tensile resistance decreased by 18.7%) and flexibility (elongation at break reduced to 54.3% of control), it significantly enhanced hydrophobicity (water contact angle increased to 92.5°) and thermal stability (decomposition temperature elevated by 34 °C). The composite film demonstrated synergistic antibacterial efficacy through the combined action of Zn2+ions, ZIF-8 nanostructures, and eugenol, achieving 88% inhibition againstE. coli.Practical validation through fresh noodle preservation trials confirmed the material’s effectiveness, with the optimized formulation (PVA-HACC-2% eugenol@ZIF-8, PHEZ2) extending shelf life by >5 days compared to conventional packaging. This work establishes a novel strategy for engineering intelligent ZIF-based packaging systems that respond to food spoilage microenvironments, offering significant potential for reducing food loss.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
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IF 12.5
Yihui Gu,Haoyu Wang,Yufeng Yuan,Chaofeng Zhang,Wenjuan Wu,Wangxia Wang,M. Mostafizur Rahman,Bo Jiang,Yongcan Jin
Supramolecular hydrogels assembled through dynamic non-covalent interactions are renowned for their reversible reorganizability, yet often suffer from inadequate mechanical strength. In this work, sulfonated lignin serving as a reversible interfacial mediator was used to establish dynamic non-covalent bonds throughout the network, which allow for energy dissipation and structural reconfiguration under stress. The soaking strategy employing a saturated lignin solution effectively augments the crosslinking density and dramatically increases the network compactness of the resulted hydrogel. Through structural engineering design at the molecular to micro-nanoscale, the optimized hydrogel exhibits exceptional overall performance. It achieves a tensile strength of 36.5 ± 2 MPa, a Young's modulus of 19.4 ± 1.25 MPa, and a toughness of 86.1 ± 7.4 MJ/m 3 , representing dramatic increases of 67, 191, and 174 times, respectively, compared to the poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan hydrogel. These results suggest a synergistic enhancement of both rigidity and toughness. Mechanistic insights into the interface revealed that the sulfonate groups in lignin play a pivotal role in enhancing the crosslinking density, primarily by significantly improving interfacial viscoelasticity and fostering strong molecular-level interactions. This interfacial design strategy provides a promising structural engineering approach for developing high-performance supramolecular hydrogels, with the potential applications in various fields, including soft engineering and structural composites.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Nan Pang,Xiao Cheng,Xiaoqing Yin,Yanyan Wang,Wang Liu,Meijie Yu,Chengguo Wang,Chuanjian Zhou
Sericin bridging builds H-bond networks, delivering 91 MPa strength and 14.3 MJ m −3 toughness. • Discontinuous SiO 2 enables MXene-dominated IR stealth with a 107.8 °C temperature drop. • 34.4 dB EMI shielding is achieved at a thickness of only 63 μm. • PVA/SS matrix and superhydrophobic layer (155.9°) ensure long-term stability. • Gradient architectures enable reliable piezoresistive response for motion sensing. Developing flexible materials with integrated infrared (IR) stealth, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and long-term stability is essential for personal protection and smart wearables. Traditional MXene composites suffer from weak interfacial bonding, poor mechanical properties, easy oxidation, and the functional trade-off between hydrophobic protection and infrared stealth. Herein, a synergistic strategy of multi-level interfacial bridging and discontinuous superhydrophobic barrier was proposed to fabricate MXene/sericin (SS)/PVA flexible films with a micro-nano SiO 2 protective layer. Sericin acts as an interfacial bridge to construct dense and reversible hydrogen-bond networks, effectively improving mechanical performance. The optimized SMSP-35 film with 35 wt% MXene achieves a tensile strength of 91 MPa, a toughness of 14.3 MJ m −3 and 19.2% elongation at break. The discontinuous SiO 2 coating maintains the low-emissivity feature of MXene in the 8–14 μm band, reducing the radiation temperature of a 200 °C target by 107.8 °C. The film (63 μm) realizes an EMI shielding efficiency of 34.4 dB. Combined with the physical barrier of PVA, interfacial bridging effect of SS and superhydrophobic SiO 2 layer (155.9°), the film retains nearly original shielding performance after 5-month ambient exposure with outstanding oxidation resistance. It also exhibits reliable strain response for human motion monitoring. This work addresses the challenges associated with multifunctional incompatibility and limited stability, providing a viable design strategy for flexible multifunctional protective materials. Download: Download high-res image (416KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Aoyu Li,Jun Yang,Yingying He,Changfeng Qu,Jinlai Miao
Acute wound healing still faces numerous challenges, such as excessive inflammatory response, prolonged hemostasis time, and insufficient tissue regeneration, which often lead to delayed wound healing and scar formation. To address these issues, this study developed a multifunctional “physical-ionic” dual-network hydrogel (PPF hydrogel). This hydrogel combines an elastic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffold with a rigid ionic network composed of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) and fucoidan, cross-linked via Ca 2+ . The resulting hydrogel possesses a highly interconnected porous structure, exhibiting excellent mechanical strength and moderate tissue adhesion. In vitro and in vivo evaluations showed that the PPF hydrogel has good blood and cell compatibility, rapidly achieving hemostasis and promoting the proliferation and migration of L929 fibroblasts. In a mouse full-thickness skin resection model, the PPF significantly accelerated wound closure while reducing epidermal hyperplasia and promoting orderly collagen deposition. Mechanistically, the PPF effectively modulates the immune microenvironment by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and upregulating anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10) and VEGF. This regulation promotes M2 macrophage polarization and angiogenesis, thereby accelerating the transition from the inflammatory phase to the remodeling phase. This dual-network hydrogel offers a promising therapeutic strategy for high-quality acute wound repair in regenerative medicine.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Huinan Zhang,Jiajun Cao,Kunlong Zhao,Fan Yang,Xinrui Guo,Zhuoheng Li,Shuo Yang,Tingjun Li,Qiaomei Ren,Ting Song,Tingting Wu,Xiaolei Wang,Wenxin Cao,Yu Sun
Alveolar bone defects from periodontitis are common clinical challenges in dentistry. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) proves effective, yet current membranes like Bio-Gide, suffer from inadequate mechanical strength, rapid degradation, and no antibacterial activity, limiting clinical performance. Asymmetric bilayer nanofibrous membranes with functional zoning offer a promising solution. Herein, we fabricated an asymmetric bilayer nanofibrous membrane via coaxial electrospinning, consisting of a dense PLGA-GO/PVA-MgCl2 outer layer and a highly porous PLGA-GO/PVA-MgCl2 inner layer. The dense layer prevents rapid soft-tissue cells invasion into the defect area while providing antibacterial effects. The porous layer facilitates osteoblast adhesion and proliferation. Graphene oxide (GO) and Mg2+ exert synergistic action: GO facilitates initial bacterial attachment, protein adsorption, and cell adhesion, while released Mg2+ disrupts bacterial membrane integrity and metabolic pathways. This results in durable bacterial killing and enhanced osteogenic effects compared to either component alone. The GO-enhanced membrane exhibited a Young’s modulus of 84.8 MPa and a matched degradation rate (23% over 2 months), providing mechanical support while maintaining structural integrity. This property combination addresses the fragility issue of Bio-Gide membranes. In vitro studies demonstrate that the dense layer effectively blocked soft-tissue invasion while permitting cell proliferation. The porous layer, with high porosity and sustained Mg2+ release, promoted MC3T3-E1 migration and differentiation. Furthermore, the membrane exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility, and osteogenic capacity, as evidenced by significantly enhanced bone regeneration in a rat cranial defect model. These findings indicate the great potential of this multifunctional asymmetric bilayer membrane for clinical applications in alveolar bone defect repair.
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