Nanoscale Horizons
·
2018
·Vol. 3
·期 6
·616-623
·
IF 9.391
Baoqi Liu,Zhipeng Meng,Suli Wu,Yue Wu,Shufen Zhang
Rational control of the multiple emission outputs and achieving single-band and strong luminescence of Ln3+ doped upconversion nanoparticles is highly desirable for their applications in sensor and display fields. Here, we designed a sandwich structure to separate and enhance the green and red emission of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ simultaneously and realized pure strong green and red emissions. NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanocrystals were sandwiched between two layers of photonic crystals, which have bandgaps at 660 nm and 530 nm, respectively. The photonic crystal with a bandgap at 530 nm on top of the NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ layer can filter the green emission of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+, prohibiting its emission upward, and at the same time, enhancing its emission downward. Similarly, the photonic crystal with a bandgap at 660 nm can prohibit the transmission of the red emission, and at the same time enhance its reflection in the opposite direction. Consequently, enhanced green emission was observed from the bottom of the sandwich structure and enhanced red emission was observed from the top of the sandwich structure. Thus, the green and red emissions of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ were separated and both of them were enhanced. On the other hand, when using a photonic crystal with a bandgap that overlapped with the excitation light of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles, their emissions were all greatly enhanced. Our results suggest that photonic crystals are good candidates to separate and enhance the emissions of Ln3+ doped luminescent materials.
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BIOMATERIALS
·
2015
·
IF 8.557
Xiaoran Deng,Yunlu Dai,Jianhua Liu,Ying Zhou,Ping'an Ma,Ziyong Cheng,Yinyin Chen,Kerong Deng,Xuejiao Li,Zhiyao Hou,Chunxia Li,Jun Lin
Combining the multi-modal medical imaging with cancer therapy in one single system has attracted the great interests for theranostic purpose. In this paper, CaF 2 :Yb 3+ /Er 3+ /Mn 2+ -poly(2-Aminoethyl methacrylate) (UCHNs-PAMA) hybrid microspheres were successfully fabricated. The synthetic route to the nanocomposite based on a facile hydrothermal method for fabrication of hollow upconversion (UC) nanospheres at first and then post-filling the PAMA interiorly through photo-initiated polymerization. The UCHNs showed orange fluorescence under 980 nm near infrared (NIR) laser excitation , which provided the upconverting luminescence (UCL) imaging modality . Meanwhile, the presence of functional Mn 2+ and Yb 3+ offered the enhanced T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging, respectively. Thanks to introducing amine groups-containing PAMA inside the hollow nanospheres, the Pt(IV) pro-drug, c,c,t-Pt(NH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 (OOCCH 2 CH 2 COOH) 2 (DSP), can be conveniently bonded on the polymer network to construct a nanoscale anti-cancer drug carrier. The UCHNs-PAMA-Pt(IV) nanocomposite shows effective inhibition for Hela cell line via MTT assay . In contrast, Pt(IV) pro-drug and UCHNs-PAMA microspheres behave little cytotoxicity to Hela cells. This should be attributed the fact that the anti-cancer ability can be recovered only when Pt(IV) pro-drug was reduced to Pt(II)-drug in cellular environment. Furthermore, the in vivo experiments on small mice also confirm that the hybrid microspheres have relatively low toxic side effects and high tumor inhibition rate. These findings show that the multifunctional hybrid microspheres have potential to be used as UCL/MR/CT tri-modal imaging contrast agent and anti-cancer drug carriers.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 9
·7692-7700
·
IF 2.324
Hu Zhen,Guo Haiyong,Zhao Li,Wu Yadan,Wang Shimin,Wan Li
A double-layer composite film (DLCF) that consists of upconversion composite La(OH) 3 :Er 3+ /Yb 3+ +P25 (UC + P25) as underlayer and large TiO 2 spheres (LS-TiO 2 ) as overlayer is designed as the photoelectrode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The upconversion luminescent material La(OH) 3 :Er 3+ /Yb 3+ can convert near-infrared region to visible light to improve the light absorption, and LS-TiO 2 has been used as light-scattering layer to increase the optical length in the film and enhance light harvesting. The DLCF with lower absorbed dye achieved the highest conversion efficiency due to the synergistic effect of the upconversion luminescent layer and the light-scattering layer, and with an optimum mixing ratio, a conversion efficiency of 9.24% is attained, which is a significant improvement of 68.3% compared with the pure P25 film photoelectrode.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Zhichao Ren,Hongquan Yu,Jinsu Zhang,Xiangping Li,Sai Xu,Baojiu Chen
For the first time, nanotubes of Y3Ga5O12:Cr3+ (referred to as YGO:Cr3+) and Y3Ga5O12:Cr3+/Yb3+ (referred to as YGO:Cr3+/Yb3+) were produced via a single-needle electrospinning method. The nanotubes of YGO:Cr3+ and YGO:Cr3+/Yb3+ have outer diameters between 190 and 210 nm, whereas the inner diameter ranges between 70 and 80 nm, and the wall thickness ranges from 50 to 60 nm. The temperature sensitivity of YGO:0.02Cr3+ nanotubes was examined by studying how the Cr3+ lifetime changes with temperature. In the temperature range of 303 to 723 K, the peak values of Sa and Sr were 0.274 and 0.0067 K–1, respectively. Temperature sensing properties of YGO:0.02Cr3+/yYb3+ (y = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05) nanotubes were evaluated via the FIR technique utilizing nonthermally coupled energy levels. The I970/I708 in the YGO:0.05Cr3+/0.01Yb3+ nanotubes displayed a maximal Sr value of 0.013 K–1 at 633 K, which exceeds that of other Cr3+-doped NIR phosphors previously reported and is promising for high-temperature measurements.
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JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Jie Yang,Jiujun Zhu,Laihui Luo,Wei Xie,Weiping Li,Peng Du
To settle the thermal quenching and dissatisfied sensitivity of luminescent materials, a series of Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ /Sc 3+ -tridoped Lu 2 W 3 O 12 upconverting microparticles was synthesized through sol-gel method. In-situ X-ray diffraction results reveal that the resultant samples have good negative thermal expansion (NTE) properties, which can be improved by Sc 3+ doping. Upon 980 nm excitation, the final products can emit brightness upconverison (UC) emissions and their intensities can be enhanced by Yb 3+ and Sc 3+ doping. Moreover, the temperature-dependent UC emission spectra suggest that the designed compounds possess anti-thermal quenching luminescence. Specially, these UC emissions from 1 G 4 , 3 F 2,3 and 3 H 4 levels show different responses to temperature, allowing their feasibilities in optical thermometry. Via utilizing the fluorescence intensity ratio technique to analyze the temperature-associated UC emissions from non-thermally coupled levels (non-TCLs), one knows that maximum absolute and relative sensitivities of developed upconverting microparticles are 0.124 K –1 and 3.105%/K, respectively, while those of the resultant upconverting microparticles are 4.895×10 –5 K –1 and 1.774%/K, respectively, when the TCLs are used. Our findings verify that the utilization of NTE effect is an efficient route to induce the anti-thermal quenching UC luminescence, and the thermometric properties of luminescent materials can also be regulated by selecting proper sensing strategy, spatial mode and doping content.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 39
·期 14
·1989-1998
·
IF 2.7
Li Xin,He Yu,Guo Yangyang,Mao Huibing,Chen Ye,Wang Jiqing,Fang Weifeng
With the excitation of a 978 nm laser, upconversion emission of the NaMgF 3 : Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ , Mn 2+ submicron particles include two red emission bands located at 648 and 698 nm and a green emission at about 510 nm in the visible range. The experimental results confirm that the Mn 2+ ions play the key role in the emission modulation between the 648 nm and 698 nm. The incident laser power dependence confirms that the emission at 648 nm is completely different from the emissions at 698 nm, and more than 3 photons are involved in the emission at 648 nm. With the doping of Mn 2+ ions, the intensity ratio R 1 / R 2 of the emission at 648 nm and 698 nm increases first, and decreases for the Mn 2+ concentration larger than 2%. The incident laser power and laser pulse-width also have evident modulation effect of the UC emissions. All the Mn 2+ related phenomena are due to the energy transfer paths ET5 and ET6 between the Tm 3+ and Mn 2+ ions. Graphical abstract
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MOLECULES
·
2025
·Vol. 30
·期 21
·4215
·
IF 4.6
Yukun Tang,Pingping Yang,Jinpu Xie,Tengfei Duan,Zengmin Tang,Yao Liu,Rui Zhang,Haihu Tan,Jingjing Du,Lijian Xu
In recent years, cadmium sulfide (CdS) has been widely investigated due to its excellent photocatalytic performance. However, its practical application in pollutant treatment is limited by its narrow photoresponse range and susceptibility to photocorrosion. Herein, we design a unique four-layer core–shell structure NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ @NaYF 4 @CdS@Au (CSNPs@CdS@Au), with an inert NaYF 4 shell coating on NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ (CNPs) to form NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ @NaYF 4 (CSNPs) and CdS depositing on CSNPs (CSNPs@CdS); Au nanoparticles are loaded on CdS (CSNPs@CdS@Au). Compared with CdS (9.81%), CSNPs (5.0%), CSNPs/CdS (6.9%), and CSNPs@CdS (81.0%), CSNPs@CdS@Au degrades 97.7% Rhodamine B (RhB) within 15 min, exhibiting superior photocatalytic performance, attributable to two key factors: (1) the NaYF 4 inert shell encapsulation amplifies upconversion (UC) luminescence intensity by suppressing surface quenching; and (2) the electron transfer between Au nanoparticles and CdS effectively promotes spatial separation of photogenerated charge carriers and increases reactive active sites. Additionally, after five degradation cycles, CSNPs@CdS@Au still maintains a 93.25% degradation rate for RhB, confirming its excellent stability. This remarkable stability is attributed to the uniquely designed multilayer core–shell architecture, which significantly enhances structural integrity through physical isolation effects. This study establishes a material preparation strategy for efficient photocatalytic pollutant degradation.
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Inorganics
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·147
·
IF 3
Shuxian Qiu,Danhua Zhao,Runtong Luo,Xiaohong Liu,Jianping Yang,Lijun Xie,Xingyuan Gao,Liaochuan Jiang
A Yb3+-doped BiOI 3D nanosheet array composite was successfully fabricated through a solvothermal deposition strategy on flexible carbon cloth (CC). This composite was subsequently integrated with high-chlorine fly ash (FA) blocks to form the Yb-BiOI/CC/FA hybrid material. Comprehensive characterization was performed using multiple analytical techniques for crystalline phase identification, morphological analysis, valence state, band structure evaluation, and charge carrier separation assessment. Electrochemical measurements were conducted to evaluate the material’s electronic properties. Experimental results demonstrated superior photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation, with the Yb-BiOI/CC/FA composite achieving 52.87% methylene blue degradation efficiency. The reaction rate constant of this modified nanomaterial was approximately 2.1 times higher than that of pristine BiOI/CC/FA. Radical trapping experiments revealed that superoxide radicals (·O2−) served as the predominant oxidative species. This study presents a dual-benefit strategy for environmental remediation by simultaneously achieving sustainable waste valorization of industrial byproducts (FA) and developing high-efficiency photocatalytic materials. The successful integration of rare-earth metal modification with substrate engineering provides valuable insights for designing advanced photocatalytic systems for pollutant degradation.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Xuekai Wang,Yongze Cao,Guangming Niu,Huanhuan Zhang,Xianglan Yan,Yichao Wang,Sai Xu,Baojiu Chen
Er3+/Yb3+/Sr2+-doped L-Ta2O5 upconversion phosphors were synthesized using the molten salt method with B2O3 as the solvent. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results showed that Er3+/Yb3+/Sr2+ underwent intercalated intergrowth in L-Ta2O5. This structure facilitates energy transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+, resulting in outstanding pure green upconversion luminescence (UCL) intensity. The green UCL integrated intensity of L-Ta2O5:Er3+/Yb3+/Sr2+ was 1.53 and 3.14 times greater than that of β-NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+ and the optimal NaY(WO4)2:Er3+/Yb3+ samples, respectively. The absolute and relative temperature sensitivity reached 1.383% and 0.992% K−1, respectively. The shift rate of the peak centroids reached 0.273 nm GPa−1 under high pressure. With its excellent performance, L-Ta2O5:Er3+/Yb3+/Sr2+ can be used in the fields of UCL display, temperature and pressure sensing.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 9.224
Lin Yang,Hao Wu,Guo-hui Pan,Liangliang Zhang,Huajun Wu,Zhendong Hao,Feng Liu,Jiahua Zhang
The luminescence thermal enhancement (LTE), in lanthanide-doped upconverting nanocrystals (UCNCs), has attracted extensive attention for its applications in anticounterfeiting, temperature sensing, and so on. Some mechanisms for LTE were proposed, including thermally induced water desorption from the surface of UCNCs, but conclusive evidence is absent for any of the mechanisms. Here, vacuumizing is employed in the experiment for the LTE in NaYF4:Ho3+/Yb3+ UCNCs, and significantly promoted LTE is observed. The 300–450–300 K temperature cycling experiment in vacuum shows continuous luminescence enhancement without luminescence intensity recovery as in the cooling process in moisture air, indicating the effect of water desorption because water readsorption is blocked in vacuum. It is found that the Ho3+ 5I6 level can be deexcited by direct long-range energy transfer to water adsorbed at the surface of nanocrystals due to resonant coupling between the Ho3+ 5I6 → 5I7 transition and the −OH vibration of water. As a result, water desorption suppresses the 5I6 depopulation and thus enhances the luminescence of Ho3+. Finally, the regulation of upconversion LTE is realized by adjusting the size of nanocrystals and Ho3+ or Yb3+ concentrations. Our findings indicate that the vacuumizing technique is an effective method to distinguish water-desorption-induced LTE. This work deepens the understanding of LTE and offers insights into the regulation of LTE.
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Nanoscale
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 26
·11179-11189
·
IF 6.7
Zhenlong Cheng,Mingzhou Meng,Jiaoyu Wang,Zhuoyue Li,Jiao He,Hao Liang,Xin Qiao,Yuanli Liu,Jun Ou
Non-contact optical temperature sensors are highly sought after by researchers due to their satisfactory temperature resolution (δ(T) < 0.1 °C), high relative thermal sensitivity (Sr > 1% °C−1), fast temporal response (t < 0.1 s), and long-term optical stability. In this study, NaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+ upconversion nanoparticles were prepared by a solvothermal method, and their crystal structure, microscopic morphology, and luminescence mechanism, together with the temperature sensing properties of the specimens, were investigated. Under 980 nm laser excitation, the specimens exhibited strong upconversion luminescence, and the emission peaks corresponded to the characteristic energy level jumps of Ho3+ and Tm3+, respectively. The temperature-dependent luminescence spectra of the samples were investigated based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique over a temperature gradient of 295–495 K. The samples are based on thermally coupled energy levels (TCLs: 1G4(1,2) → 3H6(Tm3+)) and non-thermally coupled energy levels (NTCLs: 3F3 → 3H6(Tm3+) and 5F3 → 5I8(Ho3+), 3F3 → 3H6(Tm3+) and 1G4 → 3H6(Tm3+), 3F3 → 3H6(Tm3+) and 5F5 → 5I8(Ho3+), 3F3 → 3H6(Tm3+) and 5F4 → 5I8(Ho3+)) for temperature sensing performance. The maximum absolute sensitivity (Sa), relative sensitivity (Sr), and minimum temperature resolution δ(T) were found to be 0.0126 K−1 (495 K), 1.7966% K−1 (345 K), and 0.0167 K, respectively, which are better than those of most sensing materials, and the simultaneous action of multiple coupling energy levels can further improve the temperature precision. This study indicates that the sample has a good value for optical temperature measurement and also provides new ideas for the exploration of other high-quality optical temperature sensing materials.
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JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
·
2023
·
IF 3.6
Yang Yu,Zuoling Fu,Zhiying Wang,Hanyu Xu,Mengmeng Dai,Rong Wang
In this paper, two types of phosphors, Cs 3 GdGe 3 O 9 :Er 3+ and Cs 3 GdGe 3 O 9 :Yb 3+ /Er 3+ , were synthesized using the high-temperature solid-state method, and a new role for Yb 3+ was successfully achieved. The presence of low phonon energy in the matrix and the low energy level mismatch between the 2 F 5/2 and the 4 I 11/2 enables the construction of a phonon-assisted channel between Yb 3+ and Er 3+ through doping with Yb 3+ ions. This channel overcomes thermal quenching and achieves thermal enhancement at high temperatures. Additionally, Yb 3+ increases the chance of non-radiative transition within the matrix, effectively converting the 980 nm laser into heat energy. This leads to a significant change in the surface temperature of the sample, greatly improving the photothermal conversion efficiency. Moreover, Yb 3+ greatly enhances the emission intensity of green light, resulting in a maximum relative sensitivity of 1.11 % K −1 for temperature measurements in the Er 3+ single-doped system and 1.28 % K −1 in the Yb 3+ /Er 3+ co-doped system, based on the Er 3+ thermally coupled energy level. These results demonstrate that this paper provides a new idea for materials to overcome thermal quenching and improve the efficiency of photothermal conversion and temperature sensing performance.
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