Gels
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·791
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IF 6.4
Zixuan Zhang,Qianqian Wu,Hua Jiang
While poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based aerogels are promising porous carriers for controlled drug delivery, drying-induced pore collapse generally limits their internal pore accessibility, drug-loading capacity, and release regulation. In this study, duration-controlled tert-butanol (TBA) solvent exchange was developed as a pore-engineering strategy to regulate the structure-performance relationship of PVA/cellulose nanocrystal/Ca2+composite aerogels. This strategy focuses on balancing pore preservation, liquid-accessible pore connectivity, and network densification, instead of simply increasing the total surface area. With an optimized exchange duration, the TBA6 aerogel exhibited a well-preserved porous network. Moreover, its specific surface area and porosity increased from 33.11 to 96.02 m2·g−1and from 93.93% to 96.03%, respectively. This optimized structure enhanced salicylic acid (SA) loading, elevating the equilibrium adsorption capacity from 40.91 to 61.18 mg·g−1. Release kinetic analysis revealed that the Higuchi constant and the Korsmeyer-Peppas release constant decreased from 18.148 to 12.751 and from 25.070 to 17.283%·h−1/2, respectively, indicating a slower diffusion-regulated release process. Confocal Raman mapping further confirmed that TBA6 promoted a more homogeneous SA distribution within the aerogel matrix and enabled gradual release from the internal porous network. To sum up, controlling solvent-exchange duration is an effective strategy for tuning pore accessibility and diffusion resistance. This study provides new insight into the design of PVA-based composite aerogels for drug-loading and sustained-release applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
·
IF 12.5
Nan Pang,Xiao Cheng,Xiaoqing Yin,Yanyan Wang,Wang Liu,Meijie Yu,Chengguo Wang,Chuanjian Zhou
Sericin bridging builds H-bond networks, delivering 91 MPa strength and 14.3 MJ m −3 toughness. • Discontinuous SiO 2 enables MXene-dominated IR stealth with a 107.8 °C temperature drop. • 34.4 dB EMI shielding is achieved at a thickness of only 63 μm. • PVA/SS matrix and superhydrophobic layer (155.9°) ensure long-term stability. • Gradient architectures enable reliable piezoresistive response for motion sensing. Developing flexible materials with integrated infrared (IR) stealth, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and long-term stability is essential for personal protection and smart wearables. Traditional MXene composites suffer from weak interfacial bonding, poor mechanical properties, easy oxidation, and the functional trade-off between hydrophobic protection and infrared stealth. Herein, a synergistic strategy of multi-level interfacial bridging and discontinuous superhydrophobic barrier was proposed to fabricate MXene/sericin (SS)/PVA flexible films with a micro-nano SiO 2 protective layer. Sericin acts as an interfacial bridge to construct dense and reversible hydrogen-bond networks, effectively improving mechanical performance. The optimized SMSP-35 film with 35 wt% MXene achieves a tensile strength of 91 MPa, a toughness of 14.3 MJ m −3 and 19.2% elongation at break. The discontinuous SiO 2 coating maintains the low-emissivity feature of MXene in the 8–14 μm band, reducing the radiation temperature of a 200 °C target by 107.8 °C. The film (63 μm) realizes an EMI shielding efficiency of 34.4 dB. Combined with the physical barrier of PVA, interfacial bridging effect of SS and superhydrophobic SiO 2 layer (155.9°), the film retains nearly original shielding performance after 5-month ambient exposure with outstanding oxidation resistance. It also exhibits reliable strain response for human motion monitoring. This work addresses the challenges associated with multifunctional incompatibility and limited stability, providing a viable design strategy for flexible multifunctional protective materials. Download: Download high-res image (416KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 13.2
Aoyu Li,Jun Yang,Yingying He,Changfeng Qu,Jinlai Miao
Acute wound healing still faces numerous challenges, such as excessive inflammatory response, prolonged hemostasis time, and insufficient tissue regeneration, which often lead to delayed wound healing and scar formation. To address these issues, this study developed a multifunctional “physical-ionic” dual-network hydrogel (PPF hydrogel). This hydrogel combines an elastic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffold with a rigid ionic network composed of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) and fucoidan, cross-linked via Ca 2+ . The resulting hydrogel possesses a highly interconnected porous structure, exhibiting excellent mechanical strength and moderate tissue adhesion. In vitro and in vivo evaluations showed that the PPF hydrogel has good blood and cell compatibility, rapidly achieving hemostasis and promoting the proliferation and migration of L929 fibroblasts. In a mouse full-thickness skin resection model, the PPF significantly accelerated wound closure while reducing epidermal hyperplasia and promoting orderly collagen deposition. Mechanistically, the PPF effectively modulates the immune microenvironment by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and upregulating anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10) and VEGF. This regulation promotes M2 macrophage polarization and angiogenesis, thereby accelerating the transition from the inflammatory phase to the remodeling phase. This dual-network hydrogel offers a promising therapeutic strategy for high-quality acute wound repair in regenerative medicine.
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高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 10.4
Yangyang Guo,Xingru Yan,Yujuan Zhu,Bin Li,Yinxu Zhang,Wentao Su
Bio-based nanofibers use H. pluvialis protein and amyloid fibrils as emulsifiers. • Conductivity-viscosity balance induced hollow core-shell structures at 30% oil load. • Molecular-level hydrogen bonding between the lipid core and polymer shell underpins enhanced thermal stability. • Synergistic physical and chemical protection reduced DHA oxidation products effectively. The application of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in functional foods is severely restricted by its susceptibility to oxidative degradation. To overcome this, a novel bioactive delivery vehicle was engineered using Haematococcus pluvialis protein (HPP) and glycosylated soy protein amyloid fibrils (AFS) via emulsion electrospinning. This study investigated the physicochemical properties and oxidation stability of core-shell nanofibers fabricated from spinning solution with varying oil contents (0–4%). The spinning solutions exhibited shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid behavior. The incorporation of oil increased the hydrophobicity of the nanofiber films, with the water contact angle rising from 46.8° (0% oil) to 86.4° (40% oil) due to physical cross-linking. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the 30% oil content group (E 3 ) formed a distinct, uniform hollow core-shell structure, driven by the optimal balance between conductivity and viscosity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggested the presence of hydrogen bonding interactions between the lipid core and the polymer shell significantly enhanced thermal stability. Crucially, accelerated oxidation tests demonstrated a synergistic protective mechanism combining the physical barrier of the nanofiber shell with the chemical antioxidant activity of HPP. After 7 days, the E 3 nanofibers exhibited the lowest accumulation of primary and secondary oxidation products (POV: 238.66 ± 2.72 mmol/kg oil; TBARS: 49.26 ± 3.91 mg/kg oil), representing a 63.6% reduction in POV and 33.3% reduction in TBARs compared to the unencapsulated control (POV: 656.07 ± 2.14 mmol/kg oil; TBARS: 73.88 ± 0.27 mg/kg oil). This study supports the potential use of amyloid-fibril-stabilized natural interfaces for the efficient preservation of functional lipids, highlighting the superior synergistic protective effect of the HPP-AFS composite system. A PVA nanofiber membrane system was constructed by electrospinning to load the aqueous solution of proteins from Haematococcus pluvialis , algae oil, and chitosan soybean protein isolate, forming an AFS. This achieved the goal of protecting food from various forms of oxidation, including lipid oxidation, in practical applications. Download: Download high-res image (136KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Haiwei Wu,Liqing Du,Yunhao Liu,Chuang Zhou,Zuyu He,Chao Wang
The prevention of wound infection remains a critical area of research in the clinical management of diabetic wounds. Antibacterial hydrogel possesses the ability to present bacterial infections and promote faster wound healing. Here, gelatin (Gel) modified with phenylboronic acid (PBA) and carbo-di-hydrazide (CDH), was combined with oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to constructed a multifunctional composite hydrogel with antibacterial drug, Imidazolium Chloride (Im-Cl). This hydrogel integrates injectability, self-healing properties, pH/glucose dual stimulus-responsive characteristics, and tissue adhesion, demonstrating favorable mechanical strength, biodegradability, and optimal biocompatibility. Notably, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the PVA/PBA-Gel-CDH/OCMC@Im-Cl hydrogel could effectively killed bacterial, enhanced formation of new skin tissue, improved collagen distributions and accelerated wound healing. Collectively, this novel hydrogel provides a promising strategy for the treatment of infected diabetic wounds in clinical application.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
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2026
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IF 5.1
Hanpeng Gao,Yu Mei,Ana Sofia Oliveira Henriques Moita,Xi Wang,Zong Meng,Zhiwu Han,Yan Liu
Multifunctional flexible resistance sensor based on improved PVA hydrogel. • Stable mechanical property, high sensitivity, water retention, and frost resistance. • Hydrogen bond cross-linking and component synergy endow excellent performance. • Provides a novel candidate for human motion monitoring. Hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for flexible wearable sensors owing to their tissue-like properties, excellent breathability, and skin-friendliness. However, it remains challenging to develop hydrogel-based sensors that simultaneously possess stable mechanical properties, high sensitivity, good water retention, and frost resistance. Herein, conceptually inspired by the interpenetrating network structure and flexibility of human skin, a mainly physically cross-linked conductive dual-network composite hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, tannic acid, multilayer graphene, and glycerol was successfully prepared and denoted as PVA/CMC/TA/G/Gly (PCTGG) hydrogel. The PCTGG hydrogel was fabricated through physical cross-linking followed by a glycerol/water binary solvent soaking strategy. In this system, the polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose dual network acts as a flexible matrix, tannic acid enhances hydrogen-bond interactions,multilayer graphene forms conductive pathways, and glycerol improves water retention and antifreezing capability. Benefiting from this synergistic design, the PCTGG hydrogel exhibits excellent stretchability with an elongation at break of 346%, a fracture stress of approximately 0.57 MPa, a fast response time of 100 ms, and good frost resistance with a freezing point of −22.7 °C.Furthermore, a proof-of-concept sedentary reminder system was developed to remind users to avoid prolonged sitting, demonstrating its potential in human motion monitoring, electronic skin, and soft robotics. Download: Download high-res image (130KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
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2026
·Vol. 33
·期 4
·140
·
IF 3.5
Wang Ziyu,Wu Ranran,He Yanyang,Hu Yufang,Wang Sui,Mao Jie
Addressing the critical challenge of balancing mechanical robustness and electrical conductivity in hydrogels for wearable sensors, this study proposes a synergistic processing strategy that integrates freeze-thaw cycling, thermal annealing, and the Hofmeister effect-induced salting. A ternary composite hydrogel was prepared with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the matrix, polyethyleneimine (PEI) to enhance crosslinking and biocompatibility, and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) to improve conductivity. The optimized freeze-thawing-annealing (100 °C, 20 min) and salting-out (1.5 M NaCl) process resulted in a densely cross-linked network featuring significantly enhanced crystallinity and a homogeneous, pore-free microstructure. This hierarchical structure confers upon the hydrogel outstanding mechanical properties: tensile strength of 4.15 MPa, toughness of 17.73 MJ/m 3 , elastic modulus of 2.84 MPa, and a high fatigue threshold of 117.4 J/m 2 . Simultaneously, the electrical conductivity of the hydrogel reached 0.449 S/m. The hydrogel demonstrated excellent strain/pressure sensing capabilities, featuring tunable gauge factors (GF = 0.87–2.12 within the 0-100% strain range) and pressure sensitivity (0.145 kPa -1 below 2 kPa). The practical applicability of the hydrogel was verified by reliably monitoring various human motions in real-time. This research offers a scalable and effective material design strategy for next-generation flexible electronics.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2026
·Vol. 37
·期 20
·1579
·
IF 3.2
Zhang Yuhong,Wu Renjie
In this study, a polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide/carbon nanotubes (PVA/PAAm/CNTs) conductive hydrogel film was prepared through a simple one-pot precursor solution-casting route. The PVA/PAAm/CNTs composite hydrogel exhibited an interconnected porous network, and CNTs were dispersed within the hydrogel matrix to form continuous conductive pathways. The strain-sensing performance of the hydrogel sensor was systematically investigated. The sensor showed a high gauge factor of 6.34 in the low-strain range of 0–10% and low electrical hysteresis of 0.3% ± 0.2% (mean ± SD), indicating good sensitivity and cyclic response stability. The sensor was further applied to human joint motion monitoring and object-grasping recognition, demonstrating its capability to capture dynamic strain signals under wearable conditions. In addition, a proof-of-concept comparison of knee flexion–extension between one healthy volunteer and one stroke patient showed that the sensor could record representative differences in motion amplitude and signal patterns. These results suggest that the PVA/PAAm/CNTs conductive hydrogel sensor has potential for wearable motion monitoring and rehabilitation-oriented signal acquisition, although larger-scale subject studies are still required for clinical validation.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 9.1
Hanyu Shi,Hongliang Fu,Shaocong Zhan,Yue Lian,Yong Dai,Yongfeng Hu,Yang Zang,Zhifeng Wang,Jing Zhao,Huaihao Zhang
Oily wastewater discharge severely endangers ecology and human health, driving demand for oil-water separation materials with high efficiency and environmental friendliness. In this study, the H-ZSM-5 molecular sieves were incorporated into PVA matrix and loaded onto stainless steel mesh (SSM) to construct H-ZSM-5/PVA@SSM composite hydrogel separation material. H-ZSM-5 builds continuous water transport channels for large water flux, increases surface roughness on composite hydrogels to form stable hydration layers and improve oil resistance, while hydrogen bonding reinforces adhesion with PVA matrix. Meanwhile, the SSM as rigid supporting framework offers steady mechanical support for hydrogel coating, and effectively improve material mechanical strength and reusability. The optimal H-ZSM-5/PVA-0.5@SSM sample achieves markedly increased water flux rising from 113.04 L m −2 h −1 (PVA@SSM) to 735.82 L m −2 h −1 , while maintaining separation efficiency above 96% after 30 cycles. Besides, the material gains oil-in-water emulsion separation efficiency up to 99.80% with water flux of 1.086 × 10 5 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 . Also, the H-ZSM-5/PVA-0.5 composite hydrogel gains tensile strength enhancement from 22.16 MPa to 26.97 MPa compared to pristine PVA hydrogel. By integrating H-ZSM-5 porous transport merit, PVA hydrophilicity and SSM rigid support, the H-ZSM-5/PVA-0.5@SSM achieves efficient purification of oily wastewater and emulsions.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Bin Zhou,Qiao Chen,Zhirui Zhao,Yuanyuan Qin,Xin Tian,Jiajing Zhong,Rui Li,Mengjie Shou,Pingan Yang,Decheng Wu
A highly flexible double-network ion-conductive hydrogel pressure sensor was developed. • The sensor achieves a 0.5 Pa detection limit, 343.428 kPa⁻¹ sensitivity, and a 50 ms response time. • An intelligent system tracks finger, knee, and mouth-opening movements in real time during rehabilitation. With the rapid development of wearable healthcare and intelligent rehabilitation technologies, flexible pressure sensors with excellent skin conformability and high sensitivity are highly desired for precise physiological monitoring. Here, we report an ion-conductive hydrogel pressure sensor based on a double-network architecture. Through rational compositional design and surface microstructuring, the hydrogel exhibits mechanical softness comparable to human skin while simultaneously enhancing the interfacial electric double-layer effect, leading to significantly improved pressure sensitivity. The sensor achieves a high sensitivity of 343.4 kPa⁻¹ within the low-pressure regime of 0–40 kPa, an ultralow detection limit of 0.5 Pa, and fast response/recovery times of 50 ms. Moreover, the device maintains excellent stability over 16,000 loading–unloading cycles. By integrating a signal acquisition circuit and a real-time monitoring platform, the sensor enables quantitative tracking of human motions, including finger bending, knee joint movement, and restricted mouth opening. This work provides a promising strategy for the development of high-performance electronic skin and wearable rehabilitation monitoring systems. Download: Download high-res image (135KB) Download: Download full-size image
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2026
·Vol. 237
·期 20
·1157
·
IF 3.5
Zhou Qihua,Wang Chenyang,Xu Simin,Duan Ziyi,Fu Tiantian,Ding Zhonghai,Li Na
Pomegranate peel, a by-product of pomegranate fruit processing, is frequently discarded in substantial quantities. This agricultural waste contains an exceptionally high concentration of natural polyphenols, distinguished by abundant hydroxyl groups possessing dual hydrogen-bond donating and accepting capabilities. However, research on the fabrication of hydrogels from pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPP) for organic dye removal applications remains limited. In this research, polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) hydrogel was first synthesized through freeze–thaw cycles, and subsequently soaked in an aqueous PPP solution to fabricate the PVA/CMC/PPP composite hydrogel. We employed Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and simultaneous thermal analyzer for hydrogel characterization. Our findings revealed a porous structure in the hydrogel, with PPP immersion enhancing its pore configuration and thermal stability. Swelling tests further revealed that PPP reduced the degree of hydrogel swelling. The combined action of PPP and the PVA/CMC hydrogel augmented the adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB). The adsorption of MB conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model, and its kinetic behavior aligned more closely with the pseudo-second-order model. The PVA/CMC/PPP hydrogel preserved superior MB removal capability even after five cycling operations. Thus, the formulated PVA/CMC/PPP hydrogel holds promise as a promising candidate for organic dye extraction from water.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2025
·Vol. 32
·期 6
·1-11
·
IF 2.8
Han Yu,Wei Chaoquan,Wang Ting,Zeng En
The inevitable damage to paint films during coating applications significantly reduces their protective performance, leaving the underlying substrate vulnerable. Developing self-healing coatings is therefore of critical importance. This study presents the synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyurea hybrid microcapsules (MCs) loaded with isophorone diisocyanate via interfacial polymerization in an oil-in-water emulsion, with PVA serving as the emulsifier. These microcapsules were incorporated into acrylic resin, along with a dispersant, co-solvent, and isocyanate curing agent, to formulate a microencapsulated self-healing two-component waterborne polyurethane (2 K WPU) coating. The microcapsules were characterized using TG, FTIR, and SEM. The influence of PVA's polymerization degree and alcoholysis degree on microcapsule properties was systematically analyzed. Results indicate that PVA 1799 as an emulsifier yields microcapsules with minimal surface folds and smooth morphology. When 9 wt% of MC 1799 was added to the 2 K WPU coating, the resulting formulation exhibited optimal performance, achieving an average particle size of 29 μm, along with superior self-healing and anti-corrosion properties. This research offers a novel approach for developing high-performance self-healing coatings with potential industrial applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）