ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2019
·
IF 8.456
Huiying Zuo,Yun Guo,Wenjie Zhao,Kai Hu,XiaoYu Wang,Lijun He,Shusheng Zhang
The unique properties of covalent triazine-based organic framework/polymers, including large surface area, hydrophilic–lipophilic-balanced adsorption, and economical preparation, make it a promising candidate as a stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. However, irregular shapes and wide size distributions of such particles hinder column packing, resulting in a low column efficiency or a high back pressure. Herein, we describe the fabrication of SiO2@ covalent triazine-based organic polymer (CTP) core–shell microspheres with a distinct sphere-coating-sphere appearance using aminosilica as the supporting substrate to grow the CTP shell. By adjusting the amount of reactants, the thickness of the CTP shell, which consists of triazine and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene monomers, was easily controlled. The developed core–shell microspheres were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and N2 adsorption experiments. The synergism of the triazine and aromatic moieties on CTP provides the new stationary phase with multiple retention mechanisms, including hydrophobic, π–π, electron donor–acceptor, hydrogen-bonding interactions, and so forth. On the basis of these interactions, successful separation and higher shape selectivity were achieved among several analytes that vary in polarity under both reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography conditions. Therefore, SiO2@CTP microspheres combine the advantages of good column packing properties of the uniform monodisperse silica microspheres and the recognition performance of CTP, generating flexible selectivity and application prospect for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic analytes.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
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2019
·Vol. 103
·期 3
·2244-2251
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IF 3.094
Shanshan Ning,Tongqi Wen,Beilin Ye,Yanhui Chu
Synthesis of the powders is critical for achieving the extensive applications of high-entropy carbides (HECs). Previously reported studies focus mainly on the high-temperature (>2000 K) synthesis of HEC micro/submicropowder, while the low-temperature synthesis of HEC nanopowders is rarely studied. Herein we reported the low-temperature synthesis of HEC nanopowders, namely (Ta 0.25 Nb 0.25 Ti 0.25 V 0.25 )C (HEC-1), via molten salt synthesis for the first time. The synthesis possibility of HEC-1 nanopowders was first theoretically demonstrated by analyzing lattice size difference and chemical reaction thermodynamics based on the first-principle calculations, and then the angular HEC-1 nanopowders were successfully synthesized via molten salt synthesis at 1573 K. The as-synthesized nanopowders possessed the single-crystal rock-salt structure of metal carbides and high compositional uniformity from nanoscale to microscale. In addition, their formation mechanism was well interpreted by a classical molten salt-assisted growth.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 8
·期 2
·797-809
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IF 10.733
Yanxia Liu,Qiuchen Xu,Ran Wang,Yiteng Zheng,Lianjie Zhu,Zhen Wang,Wenjun Zheng
The development of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical mesoporous architectures comprising two-dimensional (2D) thin nanosheets to improve the electrochemical performance of asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) is of great significance. Herein, we report a simple ionothermal strategy that uses an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) as the solvent to synthesize a Ni3Se2 3D hierarchical mesoporous nanosheet network (HMNN) in two stages: the formation a one-dimensional (1D) NiSe-nanorod framework and its subsequent transformation to the Ni3Se2 3D HMNN. The as-synthesized Ni3Se2 3D HMNN with a large specific surface area and a well-developed mesoporous structure can provide more active sites for redox reactions and promote electrolytic penetration and charge transfer, thereby achieving excellent electrochemical performance. The Ni3Se2 3D HMNN exhibits a high specific capacitance of 801 F g−1 at 3 A g−1 and superior cycling stability (retaining 80.2% of its specific capacitance after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g−1). Furthermore, the Ni3Se2 3D HMNN-based ASC exhibits a high energy density of 38.4 W h kg−1 at a power density of 794.5 W kg−1 and outstanding cycling stability (retaining 71.4% of its specific capacitance after 10 000 cycles at 2 A g−1). Impressively, two such ASC devices connected in series can light up an LED for ∼50 min, suggesting their great potential in high-performance ASCs.
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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
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2019
·Vol. 166
·期 16
·A4014
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IF 3.12
Zhiyuan Song,Xueyu Zhang,Xuesong Li,Lianfeng Duan,Wei Lü
Flexible capacitor systems with high-performance and stretchable characteristics have been widely concerned due to potential applications in portable and wearable electronics. Herein, we prepared PVA/Carbon nanotube (CNT)@Ni(HCO3)2 flexible film as supercapacitor electrodes. CNTs is used as charge transfer pathway to enhance the conductivity of polymer and double-layer capacitance. Ni(HCO3)2 decorated on CNTs provides pseudocapacitance, and PVA matrix provides bendable and stretchable ability. The device achieves a specific capacitance of 143.6 mF cm−2, and the PVA/CNT@Ni(HCO3)2 film exhibits tensile strength of 0.37 MPa with elongation at break of 450%. The flexible device with excellent stretchable and bendable ability shows an instant response to the finger bending with the capacitance change more than 35%, which provides the possibility for fabricating novel smart flexible device to monitor human health and motion detection.
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APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
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2019
·Vol. 125
·期 12
·1-7
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IF 1.784
Cheng Xiao,Bao Chongzhi,Wang Xiaoming,Zhang Fan,Dong Wentao
Current soft surface electrodes have attracted more and more attention owing to their potential applications in the fields of biological signal monitoring, wearable human–machine interface and internet of things. The paper presents that soft dry electrode based on PDMS-CB conductive polymer is designed and fabricated to continuous, long-term, stable electrocardiogram (ECG) signal recordings which is conformal contact with the soft skin surface. The wearable electronic platform based on the soft dry electrode is built up to collect the ECG data. Integration of the soft dry electrodes with wearable electronic platform would improve the wearability and adaptability of the soft electrode in biological healthy monitoring which represents the future application in ubiquitous healthcare. Experiments have demonstrated that ECG data from the soft electrodes are recorded with PQRST wave which are similar to ECG data from Ag/AgCl gel electrodes. Meanwhile, robustness and stability of ECG signal are validated by the soft dry electrodes with different body actions.
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BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 4
·1-11
·
IF 2.327
Cheng Xiao,Bao Chongzhi,Dong Wentao
Current soft surface electrodes have attracted more and more attentions owing to their potential applications in biological signal monitoring, human-machine interaction (HMI) and Internet of Things (IoT). The paper presents that soft dry electrode based on polydimethylsiloxane-carbon black (PDMS-CB) conductive polymer is designed and fabricated to continuous, long-term, stable electroophthalmogram (EOG) signal recordings for HMI applications. The features corresponding to the different eye motions are extracted from the EOG data via the soft dry electrodes. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) recognition algorithms are proposed to recognize eye motion behaviors for controlling the motion of the mobile robots. Experiment results have been demonstrated that LDA recognition algorithm achieves a relatively high recognition accuracy of 90.63% for recognizing four eye movements (‘Up’, ‘Down’, ‘Right’, and ‘Left’). The control commands are generated with different eye motions and transmitted to the mobile robot through WiFi communication unit, which the mobile robot is successfully controlled. The soft dry electrodes have the potential in a comfortable, simple, wearable and wireless control of rehabilitation devices.
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HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.465
Xuexin Chen,Hui Wang,Baijun Yan
In order to recover vanadium from vanadium-bearing black shale efficiently, a hydrometallurgical process is developed in this paper to treat the concentrate beneficiated from stone coal ore, in which the vanadium mainly occurs in the form of Fe 3- x V x O 4 spinel. At the first step, the leaching behaviors of Fe and V from the concentrate by using sulfuric acid solution are investigated in detail. The extraction rates of vanadium and iron could reach 92.5% and 98.5% respectively under the optimum leaching conditions of leaching temperature of 90 °C, sulfuric acid concentration of 25 wt%, leaching time of 90 min, L/S mass ratio of 30 and stirring speed of 600 rpm. Secondly, the iron impurity in the pregnant solution is removed efficiently by the precipitation method with Fe 2 O 3 as nucleating agent. The effect of pH value, the amount of Fe 2 O 3 nucleating agent and the precipitating time on the removal of iron and losing of vanadium are systematically investigated, and thereby >99.7% iron impurity can be removed with the loss rate of vanadium not higher than 2.5%. Finally, vanadium is precipitated from the purified leach solution as ammonium poly-vanadate by adding ammonium sulfate , and then the product of V 2 O 5 is obtained by calcining the ammonium poly-vanadate. The purity of V 2 O 5 powder can reach 92.0% approximately.
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RSC Advances
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2019
·Vol. 9
·期 71
·41837-41846
·
IF 3.049
Li Wang,Zhen Luo,Hong Xu,Nan Piao,Zonghai Chen,Guangyu Tian,Xiangming He
The anion effect on Li+ solvation structure and consequent electrochemical and physical properties was studied on the basis of LiFSI-DMC (lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide-dimethyl carbonate)- and LiTFSI-DMC (lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide)-dimethyl carbonate)-based dilute electrolytes, highly concentrated electrolytes, and localized concentrated electrolytes. With different anions, the electrolytes are different in possible solvation structures and charge distributions, leading to differences in terms of thermal properties, viscosity, ionic conductivity, electrochemical oxidation and reduction behaviors as well as LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2|Li cell performances. The results indicate that the electronic structure of anions contributes greatly to the charge distribution of the Li+ solvation sheath, and consequently extends to the thermodynamics of the carbonate molecules, affecting reduction, oxidation reaction and products on the interface between electrolytes and electrodes. The comprehensive understanding of the solution structure and properties is necessary for the rational design of advanced electrolytes.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2022
·
IF 6.371
Qihang Chen,Zihao Huang,Wenna Zhao,Kai Tao,Guochang Li,Lei Han
Transition metal sulfides are gaining attention as a new highly capacitive active material for high-performance supercapacitors, however, it is still a challenge that synthesizes a distinctive structure to enhance the electrochemical characteristics and practical applications. In this work, hierarchical structural hybrid metal sulfides (NiCo 2 S 4 /Co 4 S 3 ) based on nanosheets and nanocages are synthesized by sulfurating the NiCo-LDH/ZIF-67 precursors. The NiCo 2 S 4 /Co 4 S 3 electrode with remarkable layered and porous structure effectively increase the electrochemical active surface area and accelerate the charge transfer, achieving a high specific capacitance of 8.43 F cm −2 at a current density of 2 mA cm −2 and good cyclic stability. An assembled asymmetric supercapacitor with activated carbon delivers a high energy density of 0.50 mWh cm −2 at a power density of 1.69 mW cm −2 . These results demonstrate that NiCo 2 S 4 /Co 4 S 3 is an ideal electrode material for high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices.
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FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
K. Radhakrishnan,P. Senthil Kumar,Gayathri Rangasamy,L. Praveen Perumal,S. Sanaulla,S. Nilavendhan,V. Manivasagan,K. Saranya
Plastic production has increased globally, and many of these plastic items are no longer in use. The plastic wastes end up as garbage, disposed of in landfills, or scattered, posing major health and environmental risks. In terms of sustainability, converting plastic trash into fuels or any other better option, individual monomers, is a far more environmentally friendly waste management option than landfill dumping. Nearly 1.3 billion metric tonnes of plastic are produced annually as businesses strive to meet the demands of consumers. Plastic is made through a process called polymerization, in which hydrocarbons are rearranged into new molecules. These hydrocarbons often have a high molecular mass, and they may also contain other chemicals to boost their performance. Plastic is a useful material because, among other things, it is durable, lasts a long time, is inexpensive, and has many other benefits. Because plastic can take decades to degrade if left alone, effective waste plastic disposal should be a top priority for every-one. Yet, growing industrialization and urbanization have contributed to a discernible rise in fuel demand. Finding renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels is now a critical global priority. Plastics-to-gasoline conversion provides a means to solve both of these problems. By applying intense heat (more than 370 °C) and an oxygen-free environment, pyrolysis thermochemically decomposes organic materials. The byproducts of pyrolysis are carbon black, hydrocarbons, and pyrolysis oil. This review focuses on pyrolysis as it is the most popular and efficient method for turning polymers into fuels in comparison with other methods. This review comprises the knowledge of different types of plastics and their properties. The major discussion was focused on pyrolysis methods for recycling plastics. To have better knowledge competitive recycling method were discussed. The optimization parameter for recycling process, by-products of plastics, advantages and disadvantages of pyrolysis process are discussed to identify the drawbacks and research gaps. The pyrolysis method are potential for addressing waste plastic management and highlights the need for a reliable alternative fuel source.
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ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 3.475
Dongling Duan,Wencheng Ma,Kejian Chen,Shuhe Guo,Chengjun Zheng,Guangzhou Tan
This study investigated a novel magnesium carbon micro-electrolysis (Mg-C ME) system for strengthening the removal of phenolic compounds in wastewater. The effects of the Mg/C mass ratio, aeration intensity, initial pH and reaction time on the degradation of three phenolic compounds and the COD removal efficiency in the simulated wastewater were evaluated using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method. The optimum values obtained for the Mg/C mass ratio, aeration intensity, initial pH and reaction time were 3:1, 4.0 L/(L·min), 5.0 and 2.5 h, respectively. The experimental removal rates of catechol, resorcinol, and phenol, under the mentioned conditions, were obtained to be 95.6%, 71.5%, and 48.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the COD removal rates were 63.8%,44.7%,34.0%, respectively. Moreover, experiments were designed and analyzed based on the box-based designing response surface (BBD-RSM) method. According to the results, the Mg/C mass ratio was the most significant variable showing incremental effect on the removal efficiency of catechol in a way that maximum removal efficiency of catechol was achieved in Mg/C mass ratio of 3.23:1. The validation experiments showed that the maximum removal efficiency of catechol was 96.24% under optimization conditions. Resorcinol degradation characteristics analysis indicated that the Mg-C ME system performed a key function in phenolic compounds elimination. Results showed that the Mg-C ME has a considerable capability in removing the phenolic compounds and COD. Thus, it could be considered as an efficient pretreatment choice for treating phenolic wastewater in the future.
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Batteries-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 8
·期 10
·175
·
IF 5.938
Peishu Tian,Xin Zhong,Caiting Gu,Zhe Wang,Fengwei Shi
Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) are quite promising energy sources. However, aqueous electrolytes present many challenges such as hydrolysis reactions, liquid leakage, Zn dendrites, and interfacial side reactions. To solve the above problems of aqueous electrolytes, in this study, a kind of SiO2-sodium alginate gel polymer electrolyte (SiO2-SA GPE) is prepared through a one-pot method. The SiO2-SA GPE possessed high ionic conductivity of 1.144 × 10−2S·cm−1and perfect mechanical strength. The Zn//LiFePO4batteries assembled with SiO2-SA GPE delivered a high discharge specific capacity of 89.9 mAh g−1(capacity retention = 74.9%) after 300 cycles at 1 C, which was much better than traditional liquid electrolytes (residual discharge capacity = 79.2 mAh g−1). Results of the rate performance and long cycle life of AZIBs proved that SiO2-SA GPE could effectively prevent zinc dendrites and side reactions, providing a feasible strategy for improving the performance of AZIBs.Keywords:aqueous zinc-ion batteries;sodium alginate;SiO2;gel polymer electrolytes;dendrite restriction
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