International Journal of Electrochemical Science
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2023
·Vol. 11
·期 7
·6256-6265
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IF 1.5
Jiheng Ding,Lin Gu,Wei Dong,Haibin Yu
The epoxidation modification of renewable lignin was achieved by using epichlorohydrin under alkaline condition. Modified lignin (ELG) was characterized by FTIR and used to improve the corrosion performance of epoxy coatings. SEM images showed that ELG was well-dispersed in epoxy coatings, indicating that good compatibility of modified lignin with the epoxy resin. The anticorrosive properties of ELG/epoxy coatings coated on Q235 steel in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied by polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Compared with pure epoxy coating, the addition of ELG greatly improved the corrosion protection performance of Q235 steel. Especially, the epoxy coating with 2% ELG achieves high corrosion protection performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
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腐蚀工程
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聚合物涂层
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绿色化学
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ChemistrySelect
·
2026
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·e05099
·
IF 2
Rui Wang,Dayu Sun,Chenyu Zheng,Jingyi Gan,Ruiping Wei,Wei Xu,Guomin Xiao,Lijing Gao
Lignin, a crucial natural aromatic polymer, presents a pivotal challenge in achieving high-value utilization of biomass through depolymerization into aromatic compounds. To address the limitations of conventional lignin depolymerization processes, including harsh reaction conditions, poor catalyst recovery, and low product selectivity, this study establishes a green oxidative system based on the synergistic interaction between the magnetically separable spinel-structured MgFe 2 O 4 and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), systematically investigating its catalytic performance for enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) depolymerization. The MgFe 2 O 4 was synthesized via a solvothermal method, demonstrating excellent catalytic activity. Under optimized reaction conditions (10% H 2 O 2 , 0.075 g catalyst, 80°C, 4 h), the lignin oil yield reached 51.30%, with significantly enhanced aromatic monomer selectivity of 134.2 mg/g. Moreover, the products exhibited a notable reduction in molecular weight along with increased phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl group contents. Based on the Fenton-like mechanism involving the dynamic Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ redox cycle, a regulation pathway of reactive oxygen species was proposed. Additionally, the catalyst exhibited exceptional stability with 88.9% retention of initial activity after four magnetic separation cycles. This work proposes a green catalytic strategy integrating high activity, selectivity, and recyclability for efficient lignin depolymerization, providing critical insights for advancing biomass refining technologies. Graphical This work presents a sustainable MgFe 2 O 4 /H 2 O 2 catalytic system for lignin valorization. The magnetically recoverable MgFe 2 O 4 enables efficient oxidative depolymerization of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) under mild conditions, achieving 134.2 mg/g aromatic monomers. A Fenton-like mechanism drives selective β-O-4 bond cleavage, while catalyst stability (> 88% activity after four cycles) highlights its potential for green biorefineries.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 33
·期 8
·354
·
IF 3.5
Zhang Feng,Yao Ying,Zhao Keli,Guo Ming
The synergistic removal of wastewater containing heavy metals and organic pollutants remains a major challenge. Although multifunctional materials can enable one-step treatment, their high cost limits practical application, making sequential treatment with single-functional materials a feasible strategy. In this study, two lignin-based hydrogels were developed for stepwise removal of heavy metals and tetracycline (TC). Iron-manganese-modified lignin hydrogel (IM-LH) was prepared by copolymerizing acrylamide with lignin, in situ loading iron and manganese ions, and subsequent sulfuration, enabling efficient adsorption of Cd(II) and As(III). The immobilized enzyme composite hydrogel (HRP@HPAAM-LA) is made by chemically attaching horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the pores and surfaces of a lignin-based semi-interpenetrating network carrier (HPAAM-LA), which is built through free radical copolymerization, using an EDC/NHS-mediated amidation reaction. This material can both adsorb and concentrate TC while letting HRP carry out oxidative degradation. The hydrogels were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and TGA, and their continuous removal performance and mechanisms were investigated. Both hydrogels exhibited uniform porous networks and abundant active sites. IM-LH showed maximum adsorption capacities of 86.20 mg·g − 1 for Cd(II) and 60.01 mg·g − 1 for As(III), retaining removal rates of 65.46% and 51.44% after 15 cycles. HRP@HPAAM-LA achieved an HRP immobilization rate of 78.13% and a TC removal rate of 92.22%, retaining 61.82% after 13 cycles. This study successfully prepared two lignin-based hydrogels, achieving the synergistic removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants. It provides a new method for the hierarchical and synergistic treatment of complex environmental wastewater, while also promoting the high-value utilization of biomass resources in environmental remediation.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 18
·347
·
IF 4.3
Liu Zhen,Li Zhen-Ying,Zhao Kang,Liu Quan-Wei,Zhao Sha-Sha
To achieve efficient lignin removal while preserving cellulose, ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) incorporating Lewis acids were prepared for the microwave-assisted pretreatment of corn stover. The effects of Lewis acid types and pretreatment conditions on delignification were investigated, and the structural characteristics of corn stover samples before and after pretreatment were characterized. The results indicated that the ternary DES composed of choline chloride (ChCl), FeCl 3 , and ethylene glycol (EG), denoted as ChCl-FeCl 3 -EG, exhibited optimal performance. Under the conditions of a pretreatment time of 41 min, a temperature of 134 °C, a liquid-solid ratio of 13.80, and a Lewis acid-to-ChCl molar ratio of 0.086, the removal rates of lignin and hemicellulose reached 92.24% and 87.99%, respectively, while the cellulose retention rate reached 94.03%. Compared with traditional oil bath heating, microwave assistance not only enhanced lignin removal efficiency but also significantly shortened the processing time. Furthermore, the mechanism of the ChCl-FeCl 3 -EG pretreatment process for corn stover was analyzed. The DES system achieved efficient separation of corn stover components through the synergistic effects of “acid catalysis, hydrogen bond disruption, and selective dissolution,” providing a green pretreatment pathway for biorefining.
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Gels
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 5
·362
·
IF 6.4
Qian Wang,Huijie Zhang,Wenlong Zhang,Linbin Li,Yifan Zhang,Ping Rao,Xiangyu You
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have gained significant attention as one of the most attractive materials for soft robots. Herein, a facile, printable thermo-responsive hydrogel (NL hydrogel) with rapid volume change capability and excellent mechanical properties was developed through the self-assembly of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and hydrophobic lignin. The lignin and PNIPAM self-assembled into a hierarchical phase-separated structure consisting of lignin-rich dense regions with a bicontinuous morphology and PNIPAM-rich, chain-sparse regions. This unique architecture results in multiscale water channels, enabling an ultrafast dehydration response (expelling 90% of its water within 10 s) and an ultrahigh volume shrinkage of up to 96.4% above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The phase separation structure also endows the NL hydrogels with outstanding mechanical properties, achieving tensile stress and strain values exceeding 1 MPa and 500% below the LCST, and approximately 5 MPa and 1500% above the LCST. The responsive speed and mechanical properties of the NL hydrogels surpass those of most reported thermo-responsive hydrogels. The NL hydrogels can be readily printed via direct ink writing into various geometries. The printed NL hydrogels demonstrate thermo-triggered shape morphing, functioning as temperature-controlled actuators with adjustable curvature and as manipulators for capture, wrapping, encapsulation, and switching. Furthermore, the photothermal effect of lignin enables light-controlled actuation of the NL hydrogel.
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高影响因子
LANGMUIR
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2026
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IF 4.4
Mengjie Yan,Hong Wu,Xiaoxuan Weng,Xiaoxian Zhang,Chang Yun,Tianxingzi Li,Qingling Zhang,Xiaoxiao Wei,Zhenfang Zhang,Fenglei Zhou,Jingqi Lu,Xiaodong Wang,Chengkun Liu
With the rapidly growing demand for flexible energy storage devices in wearable electronics, the development of electrode materials that combine high energy/power density with excellent flexibility has become critical. Inspired by the natural “spiderweb–mucilage” structure, we successfully prepared a lignin-based electrode material via electrospinning, carbonization, and hydrothermal processes. This material achieves efficient dual-mode energy storage by mimicking the synergistic roles of the spider web and mucilage. The material features an rGO-CNFs skeleton with high conductivity (4.02 S·cm–1) and flexibility, serving as a “conductive spider web”, while NiCo-LDHs nanosheets are anchored as “mucilage” for rapid Faradaic reactions. The above components are tightly interconnected by stable M–O–C chemical bonds, endowing the composite structure with excellent mechanical robustness. This design yields exceptional performance: a specific capacitance of 1492.6 F·g–1 at 1 A·g–1, vastly surpassing pure CNFs (161.4 F·g–1) and rGO-CNFs (440.6 F·g–1). Such excellent electrochemical performance originates from the synergistic effect of dual-energy storage and the significantly enhanced electrolyte wettability of the electrode, whose contact angle with the electrolyte is reduced from 133.3° to 34.4°. The assembled flexible symmetric supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 82.67 Wh·kg–1 at 800 W·kg–1 and retains 94.5% capacitance after 2000 cycles, demonstrating excellent stability.
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Industrial Chemistry & Materials
·
2026
·
IF 15.7
Kaixia Liang,Jiale Yu,Jialong Lv,Qi Tang,Zhiqian Meng,Meng Liu,Zhimin Chen,Lihang Guan,Qinqin Xia,Shuo Dou,Xiaoxue Song,Haipeng Yu,Yongzhuang Liu
Global agricultural sustainability faces dual threats from inorganic fertilizer overuse and soil organic matter degradation. To address this, we developed a catalytic-hydrothermal humification process that transforms lignin into high-performance potassium fulvic-like (KFA) fertilizers. Using organosolv pulping, we elucidated the structure-function relationship between lignin and derived KFA fertilizers. Optimized organosolv processing (160°C, 4 h) yielded divergent lignins: acid-catalyzed ethanosolv (AEL-7/3, 96.16% yield) and base-catalyzed ethanosolv (NEL-3/7, 93.01% yield). Spectral and compositional analysis revealed exclusive hemicellulose incorporation in NEL-3/7. Subsequent catalytic-hydrothermal humification (140°C, 2h) demonstrated that potassium fulvic-like substances from hemicellulose-containing lignin (NEL-3/7) met all parameters (fulvic acid (FA), K₂O, moisture, insolubles, pH) of bio-based potassium fulvate standards and even surpassed fossil-based equivalents. Crucially, hemicellulose integration enhanced conversion to small-molecular acids bound to lignin, boosting FA content to 54.93%-confirming its superior functionality in FA formation. This strategy establishes a sustainable pathway for structure-guided lignin valorization into fertilizers, reducing agriculture’s reliance on non-renewable resources while enabling green plant growth.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2026
·
IF 7.5
Congli Chen,Huanxin Huang,Xuanwei Chang,Xiufang Wen,Pihui Pi,Shouping Xu
Combining solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) with hydrovoltaic electricity generation offers a promising route for concurrent fresh water and electricity production. However, existing systems often face challenges in achieving high evaporation rates, substantial power output, and mechanical durability concurrently. To address issues such as high evaporation enthalpy, low surface charge density in pores, and insufficient structural stability in evaporators, this study presents a lignin-based PSC porous sponge evaporator fabricated through facile foaming and aldehyde cross-linking. The incorporation of lignin imparts a hierarchical porous structure and functional properties, enabling efficient water-electricity cogeneration. The evaporator employs a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) acetal network as the main framework, constructing continuous hydrophilic pathways. Additionally, sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are introduced to form a high surface charge density network (Zeta potential reaching −41.2 mV) within the pores, promoting ion transport to enhance power output. Moreover, the hydrogen-bonding structure of water molecules is modulated by abundant hydrophilic functional groups within the system, which effectively lowers the evaporation enthalpy (~774 kJ kg⁻¹) and thus enhances both evaporation and power generation performance. As shown by experimental results, under 1 sun illumination, the PSC sponge evaporator attains an evaporation rate of 4.38 kg m⁻² h⁻¹. When tested in 3.5 wt% saline water, it still sustains an evaporation rate of 4.05 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ and concurrently produces a voltage output of 0.397 V. Further modular device integration verifies the feasibility of continuous freshwater collection and electricity storage capable of powering an LED. The study puts forward a novel material design strategy for constructing low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable interfacial evaporators for water-electricity cogeneration.
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Journal of Energy Storage
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2026
·
IF 10.7
Jingxuan Huang,Jinyong Huang,Zhong Dai,Sheng Li,Lei Yao,Qiping Cao,Yuchun Li
Lignin-derived carbon materials exhibit limited electrochemical performance due to their single pore structure, insufficient active sites, and poor conductivity. Herein, an N, P, S co-doped lignin-based electrode (PCLC) was synthesized from camellia seed shell via a “Mannich reaction-Zr coordination-phosphate adsorption” strategy. FTIR, XPS, XRD, SEM-EDS, and N₂ adsorption confirmed successful heteroatom grafting and a 10-fold increase in specific surface area. The PCLC electrode demonstrated enhanced areal specific capacitance (396.14 mF cm −2 at 0.2 mA cm −2 ), surpassing that of the N, S co-doped lignin-based electrode (CLC, 189.06 mF cm −2 ). Dunn and Trasatti analyses attributed this improvement to accelerated ion transfer and increased active sites. When assembled into a symmetric supercapacitors (PCLC//PCLC), it achieved an energy density of 21.99 mWh cm −2 at 100 mW cm −2 , with 92.3% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. This work offers a novel pathway for developing lignin-based high-performance supercapacitors.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 8.2
Xinlong Sun,Hongkun Wang,Dawang Chu,Tongjun Liu,Zhenglong Li
A mild one-step alkali–milling process converts xylose residue into robust LCNF films. • In-situ lignin regeneration precisely controls lignin size, dispersion, and compatibility. • Acid-driven lignin cleavage–repolymerization yields nanoscale lignin rich in phenolic groups. • Reconstructed lignin enables strong hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions for high strength. • The films show excellent wet stability, hydrophobicity, thermal durability, and UV-shielding. The valorization of agricultural waste such as corncob-derived xylose residue into high-performance materials is of great importance for sustainable development, but it is often limited by complex processing routes and inefficient utilization of lignin. Herein, we report a simple and efficient self-reinforcement strategy to directly convert xylose residue into robust lignin-containing cellulose nanofibril (LCNF) films. A mild alkaline treatment (0.3 wt%) combined with mechanical ball milling was used to simultaneously liberate cellulose nanofibrils and dissolve lignin, followed by acid precipitation to reconstruct and redistribute lignin within the cellulose network. This process effectively reduced large-scale lignin aggregation and promoted a more homogeneous dispersion of lignin in the film matrix. Semi-quantitative HSQC analysis showed that the relative β-O-4 linkage content decreased from 15.53% to 7.60% after acid precipitation, indicating substantial lignin structural evolution during reconstruction. Response surface methodology optimized the regeneration conditions at pH 3, 27°C, and 8 min. Under these conditions, the reconstructed films exhibited markedly improved mechanical performance, with tensile strength and elongation at break increasing from 32.09 MPa and 1.11% for the untreated film to 55.12 MPa and 2.61%, respectively, while the wet tensile strength reached 24.77 MPa at extended titration time. In addition, the films showed improved water resistance and effective UV shielding, while retaining moderate visible-light transparency. This work provides a feasible route for the high-value utilization of lignin-containing agricultural residues and offers useful insights into lignin reconstruction as a reinforcement strategy for biomass-based nanocomposites. Download: Download high-res image (165KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 8.2
Zhi-Guang Zhang,Xu Zhang,Yue Wang,Yan-Cheng Hu,Jing-Pei Cao
Catalytic condensation of lignin-derived aldehydes and phenols over Nafion. • A decoupled hydrodeoxygenation leads to tricyclic alkanes without C- C cleavage. • The resulting fuel exhibits high energy density and low freezing point. High-energy–density (HED) fuels, such as widely used JP-10 and RJ-4, are critical for advanced aerospace applications due to their exceptional volumetric energy density. However, their production is heavily dependent on petroleum feedstocks, raising environmental concerns and supply security risks. Therefore, the development of renewable HED fuels that can rival the properties of petroleum-based HED fuels is imperative. Herein, we report a two-step protocol for producing tricyclic HED fuels from lignin-derived benzaldehyde and phenols. The initial condensation between benzaldehyde and phenol over Nafion at 80 °C affords tricyclic product in 89% yield. Nafion catalyst can be reused for five consecutive cycles with no appreciable loss in activity. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the condensation involves a rate-determining nucleophilic addition of phenol to benzaldehyde and a rapid second nucleophilic substitution with another phenol molecule. Subsequent hydrodeoxygenation is achieved via a decoupled strategy using Pd/C and H-Y zeolite at 220 °C, effectively preserving the tricyclic skeleton with 92% yield. Notably, lignin-based phenolic mixtures are also compatible with this two-step process, affording alkyl-substituted tricycloalkanes with density above 0.90 g/mL and freezing point below −50 °C. The introduction of alkyl side chains finely tunes fuel properties by depressing the freezing point without compromising the high energy density inherent to the tricyclic core. Life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis reveal that the adoption of renewable electricity and earth-abundant catalysts will reduce the carbon footprint and production costs of these fuels. We report a two-step strategy for the synthesis of tricyclic HED fuels from lignin-derived benzaldehyde and phenols. The resulting tricycloalkanes exhibit comparable properties to petroleum-based fuel RJ-4. Download: Download high-res image (155KB) Download: Download full-size image
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POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.6
Yunhe Xie,Qibin Zeng,Yifan Liu,Zhenglin Huang,Saile Chen,Minghua Liu
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) undergoes significant degradation and aging during prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation and oxidative environments, leading to a pronounced decline in performance. However, developing efficient and sustainable stabilization strategies to enhance the photostability of HDPE remains a major challenge. To address this issue, alkylated lignin (AL) was synthesized via chemical modification as a functional filler to improve compatibility with the nonpolar HDPE matrix, thereby maximizing the intrinsic anti-aging potential of lignin. The results revealed that at an AL content of 5 wt%, the HDPE-AL5 composite exhibited optimal tensile strength and elongation at break, even slightly outperforming neat HDPE. Oxidation induction time (OIT) analysis indicated that the OIT of HDPE-AL5 extended from 32.46 to 50.93 min, significantly outperforming neat HDPE. Ultraviolet – visible spectroscopy confirmed that the HDPE-AL composites nearly completely provided UV shielding throughout the entire ultraviolet spectrum. After 5 days of irradiation under a xenon lamp, the elongation at break of neat HDPE decreased to 8.77%, whereas HDPE-AL5 maintained nearly 100% of its original mechanical properties. In summary, the HDPE-AL5 composite preserves inherent mechanical strength while enhancing UV-shielding and antioxidant capabilities. This approach offers a promising route for developing sustainable, high-performance polyethylene materials suitable for outdoor applications. Highlights Alkylated lignin (AL) exhibits excellent interfacial bonding strength with HDPE. The HDPE-AL5 composite retains the original mechanical properties of HDPE. AL endows HDPE with excellent oxidation and UV resistance. After xenon-lamp aging, HDPE-AL5 retains excellent mechanical properties.
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