MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 2
·125
·
IF 5.4
Ye Jiaqing,Shen Hao,Wu Jiacai,Feng Bin,Yu Shaoning
We constructed a novel fluorescent aptasensor based on Zr-MOF@MB composite material for rapid and highly sensitive detection of probiotics Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus in shrimp aquaculture. The sensor utilizes a zirconium-based metal–organic framework to load the signal molecule methylene blue (MB) and immobilizes specific aptamers via Zr–O–P bonds to form a gating structure. In the presence of the target bacteria, a conformational change in the aptamer triggers the release of MB, leading to a decrease in fluorescence intensity, thereby enabling quantitative determination of the bacteria. The method completes detection within 30 min, with a linear range of 10¹ to 10⁷ CFU/mL and detection limit of 7 CFU/mL for B. subtilis and 10 CFU/mL for L. acidophilus . The developed sensor is simple to operate and highly sensitive, providing a reliable tool for effective monitoring of probiotics in shrimp aquaculture and offering new insights for the development of aptamer-based sensors for microbial detection in complex matrices.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Yinhui Yi,Jing Li,Chenxu Wang,Guanghua Mao,Gangbing Zhu
Noble metal-based oxidase-like (MOD) nanozymes show great applications referring to the common peroxidase-like (POD) nanozymes, while their insufficient activity and stability need to be addressed urgently. Herein, by introducing defective porphyrin Zr metal–organic framework (PCN-224) cube as metal carrier and in-situ growth method, a novel MOD nanozyme of defective PCN-224 decorated with platinum nanoparticles (PCN-224@Pt NPs) was prepared and characterized firstly, which possesses extremely high loading amount of Pt (72.82 wt%) and prominent catalytical activity (K m , 0.18 mM; V max , 10 −8 M s −1 ). In addition, based on the specifical bonding of PCN-224 towards antibiotic tetracycline (TC), we revealed that TC could inhibit the catalytical activity of PCN-224@Pt NPs nanozyme, and then a sensitive colorimetric sensing platform was thus designed to detect TC, which could effectively avoid the utilization of H₂O₂ coupled with superior analytical performances compared to the reported POD nanozyme-based sensing platforms. Meanwhile, by integrating this nanozyme to medical cotton swab and coupling with the help of smartphone, simple, low-cost and onsite analysis for TC could be achieved successfully. This work not only proposed an innovative way via defect engineering to design MOD nanozymes with excellent catalytical activity, but also developed a highly effective colorimetric and smartphone dual-mode sensing method for TC, thus showing great potential applications.
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CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Yitong Zhao,Meng Liu,Yingshuo Guo,Zhuoya Wang,Zhennan Yang,Zhijie Wu
Hierarchical Zr-Beta zeolite is realized by the alkali treatment. • Alkali treatment facilitates the conversion of closed Zr sites to open Zr sites. • The open Zr sites are characteristic of Lewis acidity. • Hierarchical Zr-Beta zeolite possess high activity and selectivity in furfural hydrogenation. The catalytic hydrogenation of furfural (FF) into furfuryl alcohol (FAL) is one of the key reactions in the valorization of biomass-derived platform compounds into value-added chemicals and fuels. The present study demonstrates that hierarchically modifying Zr-Beta zeolite (h-Zr-Beta zeolite) via alkali treatment can promote the activity and selectivity in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of FF to FAL, with the FAL formation rate of 8.8 mmol FAL g −1 h −1 . Comprehensive experimental and characterization studies reveal that alkali treatment, not only increases mesoporous within Zr-Beta zeolite, promoting the accessibility of internal active sites within the zeolite, but also increases the proportion of open Zr sites (11.6–54.5%). The consequently enhanced Lewis acidity (4.2 mmol g −1 to 8.8 mmol g −1 ) promotes the selective hydrogenation of FF to FAL. This work provides an efficient strategy for the fabrication of open sites within heteroatom zeolites, which could be of great help for the design of Lewis acid zeolite for Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reactions in biomass catalysis. Download: Download high-res image (176KB) Download: Download full-size image We constructed a hierarchically porous Zr-Beta zeolite for the transfer hydrogenation of furfural into furfuryl alcohol via modification of Zr-Beta zeolite to generate open Zr active sites using alkali treatment
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Fangfang Chen,Xiudu Zhang,Wensen Du,Chengcheng Ye,Meng Liu,Jun Du,Yonghong Ni
2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) and p-nitroaniline (PNA), as hazardous nitroaromatic explosives and persistent organic pollutants, exhibit high toxicity, nonbiodegradability, and carcinogenicity. Exposure to these compounds can cause severe health issues, including cardiovascular, neurological, and renal damage. In this study, a novel zirconium-based metal–organic framework (Zr-MOF, denoted as Zr-BPBI) was synthesized via a solvothermal reaction using the ligand 4,4′,4″,4‴-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diyldi(1H-imidazole-2,4,5-triyl))tetrabenzoic acid (H4BPBI) and ZrCl4. The investigations showed that the original synthetic parameters, including surfactant concentration, acid type, reaction time, and temperature, could strongly affect the morphology, particle size, and fluorescence performance of the as-prepared Zr-BPBI. Interestingly, under excitation at 422 nm, the as-prepared Zr-BPBI nanoparticles (Zr-BPBI-NP) emitted blue luminescence centered at 502 nm, which demonstrated exceptional sensitivity toward PNA and 2,4-DNP with rapid fluorescence quenching responses (within 30 s for 2,4-DNP and 15 s for PNA). Simultaneously, common interfering substances (e.g., small molecules and ions) did not affect the above detection, suggesting high selectivity of the as-prepared Zr-BPBI-NP fluorescent probe. The corresponding limits of detection were 0.36 μM for 2,4-DNP and 0.4 μM for PNA. Obviously, the present Zr-BPBI-NP fluorescent probe is a new option for the highly sensitive and selective detection of PNA and 2,4-DNP in actual aqueous environments.
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CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Wei Yi,Wenqiang Zhao,Wushan Sun,Yuansheng Bai,Qingyin Wang,Gongying Wang
Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO 2 is a sustainable carbon utilization route but suffers from thermodynamic limitations and rapid catalyst deactivation. Herein, we report a scalable MOF-derived strategy to construct porous Zr x Ce 1-x O 2-δ solid solution catalysts with tunable oxygen vacancies (O v ) by precisely controlling calcination conditions. Although calcination at 700 °C decreased the specific surface area, it optimized Ce 3+ /(Ce 4+ +Zr 4+ ) synergy and O v density, thereby enhancing CO 2 activation and surface acid–base properties. Thermodynamic analysis underscores the critical role of dehydrating agents in overcoming equilibrium constraints. Furthermore, DFT calculations reveal that O v lowers the rate-limiting *CH 3 OCOO dissociation barrier by 0.69 eV, while competitive adsorption between the dehydrating agent (2-cyanopyridine) and its product (pyridine-2-carboxamide) on active sites drives catalyst deactivation. Under optimized conditions (700 °C calcination; 140 °C, 4 MPa), Zr 0.05 Ce 0.95 O 2-δ achieved an exceptional DMC formation rate of 261.99 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 with 97.71% selectivity. This work provides new insights into defect engineering and deactivation mechanisms, establishing a rational design strategy for efficient CO 2 -to-chemical conversion.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Zerong Sun,Yuxin Shi,Lingjun Zhu,Shurong Wang
CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol is a core topic in low-carbon chemistry. Cu-based catalysts are widely used due to their low cost and high activity, while perovskites offer advantages such as tunable CO 2 adsorption and high oxygen mobility. In this study, perovskite-structured catalysts were designed and modified with Ce or Zr dopants for this reaction. The results demonstrated that Ce or Zr doping promoted the formation of oxygen vacancies and moderate basic sites. In particular, the Ce-doped LaCeCuZn-181 catalyst exhibited the optimal performance, achieving a CO 2 conversion of 23.3% and a methanol selectivity of 76.5% at 270 °C, 3 MPa. Moreover, no significant deactivation was observed during a 120-h stability test. Comprehensive structural characterizations confirmed that the enhanced activity originated from the synergistic interaction among Cu 0 /Cu + species, oxygen vacancies, and moderate basic sites, which together facilitates H 2 dissociation, CO 2 activation, and intermediate transformation.
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JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 3
Zhihui Xu,Jing Li,Xiaoling Peng,Shan Tao,Jingcai Xu,Bo Hong,Xinqing Wang
The present study utilized Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 (YIG) ferrites as a coating on Fe-Si-B-Cu-Zr nanocrystalline magnetic powder to fabricate soft magnetic composites (SMCs). The influence of YIG content and annealing temperature on the magnetic properties of Fe-Si-B-Cu-Zr/YIG SMCs was investigated. It was revealed that an appropriate amount of YIG in the composite could enhance the permeability and its resistance to DC bias, while reducing eddy current loss. The results demonstrated that the Fe-Si-B-Cu-Zr/YIG SMCs coated with 1.0 wt% YIG exhibited good comprehensive magnetic properties, with a permeability of 33.8, 86.1 % retention under a DC bias of 100 Oe, and a 53.1 % reduction in eddy current loss to 13.86 mW/cm 3 at 500 kHz and 10 mT. Besides, the optimal annealing temperature for achieving decrease core loss and maximum permeability was determined to be 500℃ for the Fe-Si-B-Cu-Zr/YIG SMCs. This study demonstrates a promising coating material to enhance the high-frequency magnetic properties of nanocrystalline soft magnetic composite.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2025
·Vol. 45
·期 15
·117640
·
IF 6.2
Li Xu,Wei Liao,Xiaosong Zhou,Yongqiang Tan
The influences of Cr 3 C 2 addition on phase formation, microstructures and mechanical properties of (Zr,Ti,Nb,Ta,Hf)C prepared from binary carbides mixtures by spark plasma sintering were studied. The introduction of 4/3 mol.% Cr 3 C 2 significantly lowered the minimum temperature for uniform high-entropy phase (Zr,Ti,Nb,Ta,Hf)C from 2200 °C for to 1900 °C. The lower solubility limit of Cr in (Zr,Ti,Nb,Ta,Hf,Cr)C results in excessive Cr 3 C 2 -based carbides, which tends to segregate along grain boundaries at higher sintering temperatures while locate at triple junctions at lower sintering temperatures . High mechanical strength of 599 MPa were obtained when 4/3 mol.% Cr 2 C 3 was added and sintered at 1900 °C. The fine grain size and Cr 3 C 2 -based carbides are responsible for the high mechanical properties. More Cr 2 C 3 addition results in lower mechanical properties due to excessive Cr 3 C 2 -based carbides.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Yongli Chang,Weiling Liu,Yang Chen,Yong Zhang,Ruoyu Li,Xiaoyang Xu,Yu Tang,Lizhi Wu,Huibo Zhao,Li Tan
Tuning metal-support interactions in catalysts represents a promising strategy for optimizing the catalytic activity of CO 2 hydrogenation. Here, CuZnZr ternary catalysts with varied interfacial structures were fabricated by altering the metal loading sequence to elucidate the interactions between different counterparts. Compared to reference catalysts with different interfaces (Cu-ZnZr, Zn-CuZr and Zr-CuZn), CuZnZr synthesized via the coprecipitation method (CZZ) displays the highest catalytic performance, achieving a CO 2 conversion rate of 13.3 %, methanol selectivity of 71.3 %, and a STY of 12.2 mmol MeOH ·g cat -1 ·h -1 under optimal conditions. Extensive characterization results indicate that this exceptional activity originates from the synergistic optimization of both structure and reaction mechanism, driven by the interface confinement effect (ICE) enabled by abundant interfacial sites. Specifically, the surface of CZZ shows high density of highly dispersed Cu 0 nanoparticles and rich oxygen vacancy sites, which is beneficial to the activation of H 2 and the adsorption of CO 2 . In-situ DRIFTS further revealed that, compared to reference catalysts, CO 2 hydrogenation on CZZ follows both the HCOO* and COOH* pathways, leading to a substantial improvement in overall catalytic activity. In summary, this study provides a deeper understanding of the ICE and their impacts on catalytic performance, offering a valuable theoretical insight for the design of high-performance catalysts in future research.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Siqi Guo,Wei Feng,Qingyuan Wang,Ruichong Chen
Advanced tritium breeder materials with high lithium density, robust mechanical strength, and fine grain size are prerequisites for the safe and efficient operation of fusion blankets. While Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 4 SiO 4 biphasic ceramics have been developed to balance the trade-offs between single-phase breeders, achieving rigorous control over microstructure stability at elevated temperatures remains a challenge. In this work, a dual-optimization strategy combining solid solution strengthening and biphasic compositing was proposed. Novel Li 2 (Ti,Zr)O 3 -Li 4 SiO 4 ceramic pebbles with various phase ratios (Ti/Si atomic ratio = 1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:2) were successfully prepared for the first time. The introduction of Zr into the Li2TiO3 lattice serves as a grain growth inhibitor, while the Li 4 SiO 4 phase enhances sinterability. The results indicate that pure-phase and well-crystallized powders can be obtained at 700 °C. Interestingly, the addition of Li 4 SiO 4 was found to hinder the phase transition of Li 2 (Ti,Zr)O 3 effectively. Benefiting from the synergistic effect, the pebbles sintered at 1000 °C exhibit a refined grain size of <2 μm, significantly smaller than that of traditional Li 4 SiO 4 -based ceramics. Meanwhile, a satisfactory relative density of ∼82 %T.D. and a high crushing load of >70 N were achieved due to the improved sinterability. This study demonstrates that the Li 2 (Ti,Zr)O 3 -Li 4 SiO 4 ceramic, which integrates the advantages of structural stability from solid solutions and mechanical robustness from biphasic composites, holds great promise as a high-performance tritium breeder.
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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Abrar Hussain,Ndumiso Vukile Mdlovu,Kuen-Song Lin,Chi-Jung Chang,Amin Hussain
Background The conversion of CO 2 into value-added fuels and chemicals remains one of the major challenges in catalysis and sustainable energy research. Developing efficient catalysts for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) is essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting carbon recycling. Methods In this work, a Zr-modified CuO–ZnO–Al₂O₃ (CZZA) catalyst was synthesized via a co-precipitation method for CO 2 hydrogenation. The catalyst systems “CZZA/HZSM-5-L” and “CZZA/com-HZSM-5” represent Zr-modified CZZA physically integrated with loofah-templated and commercial HZSM-5 (Si/Al = 25), respectively. A bio-HZSM-5 catalyst was also prepared using loofah sponge and rice husks as dual biotemplates to promote methanol dehydration into DME. The novelty lies in (i) the dual-biomass templating strategy (silica-rich rice husk vs. low-silica loofah) to achieve macro– meso –micro hierarchies while retaining MFI crystallinity, and (ii) Zr-promotion of the Cu–ZnO–Al₂O₃ matrix to enhance Cu⁺/Cu²⁺ and Cu–Zn interfacial sites, enabling efficient one-pass CO₂ → MeOH → DME conversion at 280 °C and 30 bar. Significant findings Zr incorporation significantly improved the structural and electronic properties of the CZZA catalyst, leading to enhanced surface area, active site dispersion, and CuO–ZnO interfacial synergy. Among all tested catalysts, the CZZA/HZSM-5-L bifunctional catalyst achieved the highest DME yield (13.2 %), DME selectivity (58.6 %), and CO₂ conversion (22.5 %) at 280 °C and 30 bar. An economic evaluation of 5- and 10-ton-per-day (TPD) DME production using refinery waste CO₂ showed payback periods of 2.98 and 2.44 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis (±20 % variation in H 2 and DME prices) confirmed the payback remained below 4 years, demonstrating the technical and economic viability of the developed Power-to-DME process.
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Advanced Science
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 10
·2206877
·
IF 15.1
Lu Chen,Youbing Li,Biao Zhao,Shanshan Liu,Huibin Zhang,Ke Chen,Mian Li,Shiyu Du,Faxian Xiu,Renchao Che,Zhifang Chai,Qing Huang
Electromagnetic (EM) wave pollution is harmful to human health and environment, thus it is absolutely important to develop new electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. MAX phases have been attracted more attention as a potential candidate for electromagnetic wave absorbing materials due to their high conductivity and nanolaminated structure. Herein, two new magnetic MAX phases with multiprincipal elements ((Ti 1/3 Nb 1/3 Ta 1/3 ) 2 FeC and (Ti 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 Zr 0.2 ) 2 FeC) in which Fe atoms replace Al atoms in the A sites are successfully synthesized by an isomorphous replacement reaction of multiprincipal (Ti 1/3 Nb 1/3 Ta 1/3 ) 2 AlC and (Ti 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 Zr 0.2 ) 2 AlC MAX phases with Lewis acid salt (FeCl 2 ). (Ti 1/3 Nb 1/3 Ta 1/3 ) 2 FeC and (Ti 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 Zr 0.2 ) 2 FeC exhibit ferromagnetic behavior, and the Curie temperature ( T c ) are 302 and 235 K, respectively. The dual electromagnetic absorption mechanisms that include dielectric and magnetic loss, which is realized in these multiprincipal MAX phases. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of (Ti 1/3 Nb 1/3 Ta 1/3 ) 2 FeC is −44.4 dB at 6.56 GHz with 3 mm thickness, and the effective bandwidth is 2.48 GHz. Additionally, the electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the magnetic MAX phases indicate that magnetic loss also plays an important role besides dielectric loss. This work shows a promising composition-design strategy to develop MAX phases with good EM wave absorption performance via simultaneously regulating dielectric and magnetic loss together.
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