JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
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2025
·
IF 3.5
Jiao Men,Zhuo Dong,Yushan Li,Xiaoying Xie,Chenxi Zhang,Yanhong Qiao,Jingbo Zhang
Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) with a wavelength of 172 nm was employed to prepare amorphous Zn-doped TiO 2 (ZTO) thin films using titanium tetraisopropoxide as a precursor to form TiO 2 and zinc(II) dibutyldithiocarbamate as a Zn doping source. During the VUV irradiation on the precursor films, the incorporation of zinc and the departure of nitrogen and sulfur enhance the conductivity and electron mobility of the thin films. The prepared ZTO thin films were used as the electron transport layer to fabricate mesoporous perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimal doping molar ratio of zinc was determined to be 2 % according to the photoelectric performance of PSCs based on the ZTO thin films. The improved interfacial contact between the ZTO electron transport layer and the electrode substrate reduces the interfacial charge transfer resistance. The synergistic effect of ZTO electron transport layer enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs from 18.28 % to 21.21 %. In addition, the ZTO thin film was used as the compact layer in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells, significantly improving their performance. Therefore, the VUV irradiation technique is a general method to prepare the doping metal oxide thin films for fabricating high efficiency solar cells with the compact thin film structure.
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Nanomaterials
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·514
·
IF 4.3
Man Zhou,Yanli Zhou,Minmin Ni,Yuzhe Zhang,Song Xu,Hao Ma,Jian Zhou,Jin Zhao,Liwei Lin,Zhongyu Li
Superior selective adsorption of organic dye is still a big challenge in the process of dye wastewater treatment. Meanwhile, low-price and environmentally friendly biomass-based adsorbents show huge potential in the fields of separation and purification. In this study, we adopted the “hydrolysis–calcination method” to develop a novel in situ anchoring strategy for ultrasmall TiO2−xon carbonized bacterial cellulose (CBC), which was derived from natural bacterial cellulose. Notably, 3D networks of porous CBC played a dual role for both providing hydrolytic sites and controlling the oxygen vacancies (Vo) of TiO2−x. As for the single-dye adsorption, the TiO2−x/CBC had a strong adsorption ability (101.4 mg/g) for removing methylene blue (MB), which was much higher than that of methyl orange (MO), malachite green (MG), rhodamine B (RhB), and tetracyclines (TC). Moreover, under the optimized carbonization temperature (Tc) of 300 °C, the TiO2−x/CBC-300 exhibited an outstanding separation efficiency of 97.07% for the MB/MO solution. Detailed analysis confirmed that Tcwas a key regulator for adjusting the Voconcentration, which directly influenced the surface charge density and, further, the separation efficiency of TiO2−x/CBC. Additionally, the used adsorbent could be easily regenerated from washing by ethanol. After 4 regenerations, the adsorption efficiency declined only by 6.9% after 20 min and 13.6% after 120 min adsorption, respectively. Ultimately, this oxygen vacancy-rich TiO2−x/BC system illuminated good prospects for mixed dye wastewater adsorption and separation.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Yu Song,Xiaolin Qiu,Huaxuan Liu,Yu Han
Micro-encapsulated/macro-encapsulated phase change materials (Micro/MacroPCMs) are attractive environmental energy materials since they can be integrated into building materials, textile fabrics and heat-insulating materials to give their solar energy storage capacities and improve their temperature adjustment abilities. An innovative set of Micro/MacroPCMs has been designed using natural polymers, showcasing prowess in solar energy storage and UV protection. The eco-friendly bifunctional MicroPCMs are made up of paraffin as core and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 )-modified chitosan (CS) as shell. Their energy efficiency was elevated using a double emulsion technique. Alginate (ALG), an anionic polysaccharide, was selected as the matrix of the MacroPCMs to provide an enhanced combination with the cation polysaccharide CS shell. The surfaces and structures of the Micro/MacroPCMs were observed through SEM and image measurement (IM). Their chemical profile was deciphered using FTIR and XRD. Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry evaluated their UV resistance. DSC, TGA, and infrared thermography delved into their thermal attributes, while a texture analyzer revealed the mechanical strength of the MacroPCMs. The introduction of TiO 2 resulted in a greater effective enthalpy and thermal stability. The energy storage ability of the MicroPCMs was further improved by using a double emulsification system. Notably, MicroPCMs crafted with TiO 2 -infused CS using the double emulsion approach stood out, boasting an impressive PCM content of 81.3 %, a melting enthalpy of 125.5 J/g, and commendable UV and thermal regulation capacities. With their robust thermal performance and mechanical resilience, these eco-friendly difunctional Micro/MacroPCMs emerge as prime contenders in solar energy conservation and temperature control applications.
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POLYMER TESTING
·
2018
·
IF 2.247
Lichun Ma,Yingying Zhu,Xiaoru Li,Chao Yang,Ping Han,Guojun Song
To improve the interfacial properties of carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy composites, the growth of titanium dioxide nanorods (TiO 2 NRs) on CF surface was obtained by hydrothermal and supercritical methods. The microstructures, morphologies and mechanical properties of CF-TiO 2 NRs before and after architecture were investigated, which indicated that TiO 2 NRs were grown uniformly onto CFs. The polarity, roughness and wettability of CF-TiO 2 NRs were increased distinctly in comparison with those of untreated CF, especially in supercritical water, indicating that supercritical water has ameliorated the growth efficiency and promoted the TiO 2 NRs onto the CF surface more compactly. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and impact strength of composite could be increased as high as 50.7% and 50.0% without deteriorating fiber tensile strength in supercritical water. Meanwhile, the interfacial reinforcing and toughing mechanisms of hybrid fiber composite have also been elaborated. It is believed that the effective method would offer a novel interface design ideology for developing high performance composites.
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Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 4
·1094-1103
·
IF 5.365
Bing Liu,Yan Jiang,Yin Wang,Shuxia Shang,Yuanman Ni,Nan Zhang,Minhua Cao,Changwen Hu
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au nanostructures has been applied to enhance the visible absorption and efficiency of TiO2. However, to date, most reports on photocatalysts based on Au LSPR properties have mainly focused on zero dimensional (0D) Au nanoparticles. Herein, we investigated the effect of the dimensionality of Au and the crystallinity of TiO2 in Au@TiO2 core–shell photocatalysts on visible-light H2 production. We prepared Au@TiO2 core–shell nanostructures with four different dimensionalities of Au, nanoparticles (NPs, 0D), nanorods [one dimensional (1D)], nanoprisms [two dimensional (2D)] and nanostars [three dimensional (3D)]; meanwhile we used a hydrothermal treatment method to crystallize amorphous TiO2 instead of the widely used annealing at high temperatures. The results indicate that both higher dimensionality and anisotropy of the Au core and good crystallinity of the TiO2 shell significantly enhance the visible-light catalytic activity towards H2 generation. Among these four Au@TiO2 nanostructures, Au nanostars wrapped with crystalline TiO2 show the best catalytic activity with a H2 generation rate of 76.6 μmol g−1 h−1. The analysis of these Au@TiO2 nanostructures via the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method indicates that both high dimensionality of Au and high crystallinity of TiO2 can lead to large electromagnetic (EM) field enhancements, which ensures an increased population of hot electrons close to the interface between the Au and the TiO2. This work may provide a facile strategy to improve the catalytic activity of visible-light plasmonic photocatalysts.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 6.32
Zhenli Qiu,Jian Shu,Dianping Tang
Titanium dioxide (TiO2; as a potential photosensitizer) has good photocurrent performance and chemical stability but often exhibits low utilization efficiency under ultraviolet (UV) region excitation. Herein, we devised a near-infrared light-to-UV light-mediated photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensing platform for the sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on core–shell NaYF4:Yb,Tm@TiO2 upconversion microrods by coupling with target-triggered rolling circle amplification (RCA). The upconversion microrods synthesized through the hydrothermal reaction could act as a photosensing platform to convert the near-infrared (near-IR) excitation into UV emission for generation of photoinduced electrons. The target analyte was determined on a functional magnetic bead by using the corresponding aptamers with a sandwich-type assay format. Upon target CEA introduction, a complex was first formed between capture aptamer-1-conjugated magnetic bead (Apt1-MB) and aptamer-2-primer DNA (Apt2-pDNA). Thereafter, the carried primer DNA by the aptamer-2 paired with linear padlock DNA to trigger the RCA reaction. The guanine (G)-rich product by RCA reaction was cleaved by exonuclease I and exonuclease III (Exos I/III), thereby resulting in the formation of numerous individual guanine bases to enhance the photocurrent of core–shell NaYF4:Yb,Tm@TiO2 upconversion microrods under near-IR illumination (980 nm). Under optimal conditions, the near-IR light-mediated PEC aptasensing system could exhibit good photoelectrochemical response toward target CEA and allowed for the detection of target CEA as low as 3.6 pg mL–1. High reproducibility and good accuracy were achieved for analysis of human serum specimens. Importantly, the near-IR-activated PEC aptasensing scheme provides a promising platform for ultrasensitive detection of other biomolecules.
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Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2017
·Vol. 5
·期 2
·481-489
·
IF 4.036
Wanbao Wu,Xu Li,Zhaohui Ruan,Yudong Li,Xianzhu Xu,Yuan Yuan,Kaifeng Lin
A TiO2 trapped meso/macroporous g-C3N4 heterojunction (mm-CNT) photocatalyst is fabricated by hydrolysis and sintering of tetrabutyl titanate on meso/macroporous g-C3N4 prepared via a facile hard template method. TiO2 nanoparticles are highly dispersed and some of them are trapped in the pores of meso/macroporous g-C3N4. The photocatalytic performance of mm-CNT is assessed through degradation of Rhodamine B solution under visible light irradiation, which displays much better photocatalytic performance than that over pristine meso/macroporous g-C3N4 and pristine g-C3N4. Based on the characterization results, it is reasonable to believe that the enhanced photocatalytic activity should be attributed to the unique meso/macroporous architecture and heterojunction structure, which results in improved mass transfer and enhances the separation efficiency of exciton dissociation. Besides, an optical simulation is initially utilized to study the optical absorption characteristics of mm-CNT since the optical absorption ability of a photocatalyst is one of the most important aspects influencing the photocatalytic ability. As a result, the enhanced ability of light absorption observed on the heterojunctions should be also favorable to achieve improved photocatalytic performances. On account of the analysis results, a possible photocatalytic mechanism for enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity is proposed.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 13.1
Tingting Xiao,Jingrong Li,Jian Li,Qihang Gong,Peikai Luo,Xinluona Su,Haiyang Cheng,Chao Zhang,Fengyu Zhao
The hydrogenolysis of cellulose-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is essential for the production of fuels and chemicals from biomass. Herein, we fabricated a phosphorus-doped Pd/P-TiO2 catalyst for the hydrodeoxygenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran. A large number of defects and electron-deficient Ti4+ sites (dTi4+) were formed by doping phosphorus into the TiO2 support, which could promote hydrogen spillover and reactant adsorption. Moreover, the spilled active hydrogen induced the formation of P–O(H)-dTi4+, which acted as a “Brønsted acidic site” to promote the activation of C–O bonds. Consequently, the Pd/P-TiO2 catalyst exhibited superb activity for the hydrodeoxygenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran at mild conditions of 150 °C under 1 MPa H2.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Xiaoyan Song,Wanchun Huang,Runbin Ge,Hao Wang,Jinfeng Xing
Conventional polyolefin separators used in lithium-ion batteries face challenges for low porosity, insufficient electrolyte wettability, poor thermal stability, and short circuits caused by dendrite growth. In this work, a unique polyimide/trisilanol isobutyl sesquisiloxane@titanium dioxide fiber separator is prepared by electrospinning and self-assembly, in which polyhedral oligomeric semisiloxane (POSS) serves as a bridge between polyimide (PI) and TiO2. The PI/trisilanollsobutyl (TS)-POSS@TiO2 nanofiber separator with a core–shell structure presenting excellent mechanical strength and electrochemical characteristic effectively inhibits the development of lithium dendrites in lithium-ion batteries. The PI/TS-POSS@TiO2 membrane tensile strength is 17.90 MPa, 152% greater than the pure PI separator tensile strength (7.1 MPa). The lithium-ion battery assembled with a PI/TS-POSS@TiO2 separator has an excellent conductivity of 1.782 mS/cm, which is 92.44% greater than that of a pure PI separator. Its electrochemical stability window also reaches 5.27 V. The lithium-ion battery assembled by the PI/TS-POSS@TiO2 separator exhibits excellent rate performance, cycling stability, and preferable resistance to dendritic penetration. The PI/TS-POSS@TiO2 nanofiber separator has good application prospects in lithium-ion secondary batteries.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Abebe Setiye,Guoqing Feng,Qiushuang Xu,Chuntao Wang,Chengwen Song,Huixia Lu
Triethylamine (TEA), a toxic and explosive volatile organic compound (VOC) gas, is hazardous to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to develop crystal-faceted TEA gas sensors with improved sensitivity and rapid detection capabilities. In this study, TiO 2 nanocrystal sensors with different crystal facets of anatase {101} and {001} and rutile {110} were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The nanomaterials underwent characterization through XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, and BET analysis. The results revealed that the materials exhibited bipyramid anatase {101} facet, nanorod anatase {001} facet, and rutile {110} facet. The sensors demonstrated superior gas sensing performance in the following order: {101} > {110} > {001} facets to 100 ppm TEA gas at 240 °C. The sensors also exhibited short response and recovery times, low detection limits, excellent stability, repeatability, and selectivity. The enhanced sensing properties of {101} faceted TiO 2 can be ascribed to the bipyramid structure and crystal facets with higher adsorbed oxygen peak specific area, which provide numerous active sites and improved extra oxygen-active site species. This study offers valuable insight into the design mechanism to enhance the TEA response of {101} faceted TiO 2 and further contributes to our understanding of the sensitivity of crystal faceted sensors.
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NanoImpact
·
2024
·
IF 4.7
Nan Zhao,Chang Liu,Chenyang Ji,Xuefeng Jiang,Jinyu Zhao,Liwen Qiang,Hangbiao Jin
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) have been widely used in agriculture, which increased the risk to soil-plant systems. Studies have demonstrated that TiO 2 NPs can induce phytotoxicity. However, the toxicity mechanisms, particularly under the stress of TiO 2 NPs with different crystalline forms, remain inadequately reported. In this study, we combined transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyze the toxicity mechanisms in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under the stress of anatase (AT) or rutile (RT) TiO 2 NPs (50 mg/kg, 40 days). The length (decreased by 1.1-fold, p = 0.021) and malondialdehyde concentration (decreased by 1.4-fold, p = 0.0027) of rice shoots was significantly reduced after AT exposure, while no significant changes were observed following RT exposure. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly altered both in the AT and RT groups, indicating TiO 2 NPs induced rice oxidative damage (with changes of 1.1 to 1.4-fold, p < 0.05). Additionally, compared to the control, AT exposure altered 3247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 56 significantly differentially metabolites in rice (collectively involved in pyrimidine metabolism, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism). After RT exposure, 2814 DEGs and 55 significantly differentially metabolites were identified, which were collectively involved in fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Our results indicated that AT exposure led to more pronounced changes in biological responses related to oxidative stress and had more negative effects on rice growth compared to RT exposure. These findings provide new insights into the phytotoxic mechanisms of TiO 2 NPs with different crystalline forms. Based on the observed adverse effects, the study emphasizes that any form of TiO 2 NPs should be used with caution in rice ecosystems. This study is the first to demonstrate that AT is more toxic than RT in paddy ecosystems, providing crucial insights into the differential impacts and toxic mechanisms of TiO 2 NPs with different crystalline forms. These findings suggest prioritizing the use of RT when TiO 2 NPs are necessary in agricultural development to minimize toxicity risks.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 27
·16605-16616
·
IF 10.7
Xin Li,Hui Zhao,Jie Huang,Ying Li,Hongyan Miao,Gang Shi,Po Keung Wong
A TiO2 protective layer can significantly improve the stability of a Si-based photoelectrode. However, employment of a high-vacuum technique in fabricating a high-performance TiO2 protective layer is difficult for a normal laboratory. To solve this problem, in the present work, a composite protective layer of TiO2 and MOF (metal–organic framework) derivatives based on a sol–gel technology is specially designed. Meanwhile, the micropyramid structure has been formed on the Si surface to increase the absorption of incident light, and the catalyst CoP was modified on the surface of the protective layer to improve catalytic activity. Composition of the MOF derivatives could increase band bending of the Si-based photocathode and then enhance the intensity of the built-in electric field, resulting in more photogenerated electrons to migrate to the electrode surface. The TiO2 composite protective layer obtained by the sol–gel method is comparable to the one based on the high vacuum technology. The as-prepared photocathode exhibited excellent PEC hydrogen production performance, including an onset potential of 0.409 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a high photocurrent density of −23.04 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs. RHE under simulated AM 1.5G illumination. Moreover, the obtained photocathode displayed exceptional durability over a period of 144 h.
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