EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·Vol. 247
·期 5
·1149-1165
·
IF 2.998
Li Yajing,Sun Hongxia,Li Jindong,Qin Shu,Niu Zimian,Qiao Xiongwu,Yang Baoru
Phenolic compounds in apples 17 cultivars ( Malus domestica Borkh.) and 3 wild forms ( Malus sp.) were analyzed to study the impact of genetic background, growth site, and fruit bagging. The impact of altitude was studied in nine cultivars by analyzing fruits collected from orchards at three altitudes. Procyanidin B2 (71–628 μg/g fresh weight), ( −)-epicatechin (35–357 μg/g), and chlorogenic acid (28–563 μg/g) were always the three most abundant phenolic compounds in the apple samples studied, except for the cultivar ‘Qinguan’, which had a very low content of ( −)-epicatechin (13 μg/g) and procyanidin B2 (8 μg/g). The wild apples of M. prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh were 5-times richer in epicatechin (278 μg/g) and procyanidin B2 (628 μg/g) than the commercial cultivars of M. domestica Borkh (86 and 54, respectively). Among the commercial cultivars, ‘Qinguan’ had the highest level of chlorogenic acid but the lowest content of flavan-3-ols, whereas ‘Liuyuehong’ was characterized by the highest content of quercetin glycosides. Procyanidin B2, and ( −)-epicatechin correlated negatively, while other phenolics positively, with altitude. The response of phenolic compounds to altitude variation depended on latitude variation and genetic backgrounds. Bagging treatment reduced the contents of most phenolic compounds, with the impact of cultivars and length of re-exposure before harvest. This is also the first report on phenolic compounds in several important new cultivars, adding new knowledge on the compositional characteristics of global apple resources.
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
·
园艺学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 3.3
Weihong Wang,Jiaxu Shang,Shupeng Yin,Kunyu Xia,Rui Ma,Weiming Zhu,Peng Fu
Metabolites with high chemical reactivity serve important roles in chemical defenses of organisms. Formaldehyde, as a simple and highly reactive small molecule, can be produced by microorganisms, plants, and animals. Its toxicity is well known, but information about its other biological functions remains scarce. Here, we report that the natural product SEK34b produced by Streptomyces species can react nonenzymatically with formaldehyde in water to yield the methylene-bridged dimer phaeochromycin F. This process can eliminate the toxic substance formaldehyde produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, there is a substantial inhibitory impact of phaeochromycin F on S. aureus. We hypothesize that these constitute an integrated system of defense and attack of Streptomyces species against competitors. Our study indicates that formaldehyde can react with vancomycin and tigecycline under mild conditions to generate the derivatives bearing an imidazolidin-4-one moiety, thereby reducing the antibacterial activity of these antibiotics. These data provide a possible chemical interaction mechanism of bacteria involving the nonenzymatic reactions of formaldehyde with highly reactive natural products.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
生物化学
·
药理学
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PubMed
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Animal Nutrition
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Ke Cheng,Xinyao Zhang,Wenyi Wu,Di Peng,Lixue Dong,Hua Wen,Rui Ruan,Ming Jiang
Schizochytrium sp. has become a potential feed additive due to its rich contents of functional components such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but its dose effects and physiological effects on darkbarbel catfish have not yet been clarified. This study evaluated the effects of six graded levels of dietary Schizochytrium sp. powder (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g/kg; designated D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5, respectively) on 30-d post-hatching juvenile darkbarbel catfish ( Pelteobagrus vachelli ) with an initial body weight of 0.38 ± 0.011 g, using a total of 1800 fish (three replicates per group, 100 fish per replicate) over a 10-week feeding trial. The optimal inclusion level of Schizochytrium s p. powder was also determined. Results showed that fish in the D4 group exhibited the highest weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) ( P < 0.05), accompanied by significantly decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed intake (FI) compared with the D0 group ( P < 0.05). Nutrient composition analysis revealed no significant changes in crude fat or moisture ( P > 0.05), but compared with the D0 group, crude protein increased significantly in D2, D3, and D5 groups ( P < 0.001). For fatty acids, D4 group exhibited the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and ∑n-6 PUFA contents, the lowest saturated fatty acids (SAFA) content and health indices (atherogenic index and thrombosis index) ( P < 0.05), while monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content significantly decreased with increasing addition ( P < 0.001). Principal component analysis confirmed PUFA, C18:1n-9c and MUFA as key factors driving intergroup differences. Histologically, the D4 group had significantly increased intestinal villus length and muscularis thickness compared with the D0 group ( P < 0.05), whereas the D5 group showed obvious liver damage. Physiologically, D4 group had the highest activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the lowest content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of digestive enzymes (lipase and protease) were also significantly enhanced in liver and intestine ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, 20 g/kg Schizochytrium sp. powder promotes growth, optimizes fatty acid profiles, and enhances intestinal health and physiological function in juvenile darkbarbel catfish, while excess supplementation (25 g/kg) causes liver damage. This study revealed the application value and dose-effect relationship of Schizochytrium sp. powder as an aquatic feed additive, and provides a comprehensive theoretical basis for its precise application in freshwater fish farming.
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高影响因子
Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 6
·1504-1510
·
IF 5.726
Shanshan Yu,Peiyuan Yao,Jinlong Li,Jinhui Feng,Qiaqing Wu,Dunming Zhu
Nitrilase-catalysed desymmetrization of 3-substituted glutaronitriles to optically active 3-substituted 4-cyanobutanoic acid offers an attractive approach to access chiral β-substituted γ-amino acids, an important moiety in pharmaceuticals. In this study, we employed enzyme-substrate docking and alanine scanning to determine the key amino acid residues which have a positive effect on the activity and stereoselectivity of a nitrilase from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (SsNIT). Then, site-saturation mutagenesis and combinatorial mutagenesis of the positive amino acid residues (H141, P194, M197, I201 and F202) were performed, and a double mutant (P194A/F202V) and a triple mutant (P194A/I201A/F202V) with high activity and stereoselectivity were identified for desymmetrization of 3-substituted glutaronitriles to afford (S)-3-substituted-4-cyanobutanoic acids with a high space–time productivity of up to 488 g L−1 d−1. Molecular calculation suggests that the enzymatic activity improvement may be due to the enlargement of the substrate binding cavity. It is interesting that the stereoselectivity is enhanced simultaneously.
研究领域:
生物催化
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酶工程
·
化学生物合成
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Hong Lu,Yang Zhou,Ze Fu,Xiaolei Wang,Jiti Zhou,Wanqian Guo
The immobilized anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (iAQS) could significantly promote anaerobic biotransformation of the contaminants. During this process, the role of flavins secreted by bacteria remains unclear. In the present study, mutual interaction between extracellular flavins and AQS-modified polyurethane foam (AQS-PUF) during the reduction of azo dye Acid Red 18 and 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate (3-NBS) was investigated. Results showed that the amount of extracellular flavins secreted by Shewanella sp. RQs-106 was positively correlated with the concentration of iAQS ranging from 10 to 100 μM. The presence of iAQS resulted in the increased concentration of extracellular and intracellular flavins, implying that iAQS could induce the synthesis and secretion of flavins. The deletion of gene bfe encoding the flavin adenine dinucleotide exporter resulted in approximately 63.8% decrease in the amount of extracellular flavins. Further analysis showed that the decreased amount of extracellular flavins could contribute to around 50.8% reduction of iAQS. Moreover, around 23.2% and 34.0% decreases were observed in AQS-PUF-mediated removal rates of AR 18 and 3-NBS by mutant lacking bfe gene, respectively, compared with that by wild type strain RQs-106. These results indicated that the secreted flavins played an important role in the bio-reduction of AQS-PUF, resulting in their contribution to AQS-PUF-mediated removals of high-polarity aromatic compounds containing nitrogen.
研究领域:
环境微生物学
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生物修复
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生物化学
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PubMed
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Journal of Fungi
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·94
·
IF 4.7
Azizullah,Muhammad Noman,Yizhou Gao,Hui Wang,Xiaohui Xiong,Jiajing Wang,Dayong Li,Fengming Song
SUMOylation is an essential protein modification process that regulates numerous crucial cellular and biochemical processes in phytopathogenic fungi, and thus plays important roles in multiple biological functions. The present study characterizes the SUMOylation pathway components, including SMT3 (SUMO), AOS1 (an E1 enzyme), UBC9 (an E2 enzyme), and MMS21 (an E3 ligase), inFusarium oxysporumf. sp.niveum(Fon), the causative agent of watermelon Fusarium wilt, in terms of the phylogenetic relationship, gene/protein structures, and basic biological functions. The SUMOylation components FonSMT3, FonAOS1, FonUBC9, and FonMMS21 are predominantly located in the nucleus.FonSMT3,FonAOS1,FonUBC9, andFonMMS21are highly expressed in the germinating macroconidia, but their expression is downregulated gradually in infected watermelon roots with the disease progression. The disruption ofFonUBA2andFonSIZ1seems to be lethal inFon. The deletion mutant strains forFonSMT3,FonAOS1,FonUBC9, andFonMMS21are viable, but exhibit significant defects in vegetative growth, asexual reproduction, conidial morphology, spore germination, responses to metal ions and DNA-damaging agents, and apoptosis. The disruption ofFonSMT3,FonAOS1,FonUBC9, andFonMMS21enhances sensitivity to cell wall-perturbing agents, but confers tolerance to digestion by cell wall-degrading enzymes. Furthermore, the disruption ofFonSMT3,FonAOS1, andFonUBC9negatively regulates autophagy inFon. Overall, these results demonstrate that the SUMOylation pathway plays vital roles in regulating multiple basic biological processes inFon, and, thus, can serve as a potential target for developing a disease management approach to control Fusarium wilt in watermelon.Keywords:asexual reproduction;cell death;cell wall integrity;Fusarium oxysporumf. sp.niveum;mycelial growth;stress response;SUMOylation pathway;watermelon
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Jun Luo,Xiaofang Ruan,Wuying Chen,Sha Chen,Zhexu Ding,Ang Chen,Ding Li
Recently, biogenic Mn oxides (BioMnO x ) are considered as the promising degradation agents for environmental organic contaminants . However, little information is available for the degradation of atrazine by BioMnO x . In this work, BioMnO x , generated by a soil-derived Mn(II)-oxidizing bacterium, Providencia sp. LLDRA6, was explored to degrade atrazine. To begin with, collective results from mineral characterization analyses demonstrated that this BioMnO x was biogenic bixbyite-type Mn 2 O 3 . After that, purified biogenic Mn 2 O 3 was found to exhibit a much higher removal efficiency for atrazine in aqueous phase, as compared to unpurified biogenic Mn 2 O 3 and LLDRA6 biomass. During the atrazine removal by biogenic Mn 2 O 3 , six intermediate degradation products were discovered, comprising deethylatrazine (DEA), hydroxylatrazine (HA), deethylhydroxyatrazine (DEHA), ammeline, cyanuric acid , and 5-methylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine-2-thione (MTT). Particularly, the intermediate, MTT, was considered as a new degradation product of atrazine, which was not described previously. Meanwhile, Mn(II) ions were released from biogenic Mn 2 O 3 , and on the surface of biogenic Mn 2 O 3 , the content of hydroxyl O species increased at the expense of that of lattice and water O species, but the fundamental crystalline structure of this Mn oxide remained unchanged. Additionally, no dissociative Mn(III) was found to involve in atrazine degradation. In summary, these results demonstrated that both the non-oxidative and oxidative reactions underlay the degradation of atrazine by biogenic Mn 2 O 3 .
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2021
·Vol. 29
·期 4
·6237-6250
·
IF 4.223
Chen Xi,Lin Hai,Dong Yingbo,Li Bing,Yin Tingting,Liu Chenjing
The complex mixtures of antibiotics and heavy metals are commonly existed in livestock and poultry breeding wastewater. Effective and simultaneous removal of these toxic compounds by microorganisms, especially single strains, remains a considerable challenge. In this study, a novel functional strain SDB4, isolated from duck manure and identified as Bacillus sp., has been shown to possess high removal capabilities for both sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Zn 2+ . The maximum removal efficiency achieved 73.97% for SMX and 84.06% for Zn 2+ within 48 h in the single pollution system. It has great potential for eliminating SMX along with Zn 2+ , 78.45% of SMX and 52.91% of Zn 2+ were removed in the 20 mg·L -1 SMX and 100 mg·L -1 Zn 2+ binary system. Furthermore, the SMX-biotransformation capability of SDB4 was enhanced at low concentrations of Zn 2+ (below 100 mg·L -1 ). The SMX biotransformation and Zn 2+ adsorption data fitted well with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, indicating that the two pollutants were in accordance with the same removal rule. N 4 -acetyl-SMX was identified as the main stable transformation product during SMX removal. FTIR analyses revealed that OH, NH 2 , C=O, C-N/N-H, and C-O-C played major roles in the adsorption of Zn 2+ . Our study of the dually functioning strain SDB4 provides a potential application for the simultaneous biological removal of antibiotics and heavy metals.
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高影响因子
Advanced Energy Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 45
·2002499
·
IF 25.245
Yunzhen Wu,Panlong Zhai,Shuyan Cao,Zhuwei Li,Bo Zhang,Yanting Zhang,Xiaowa Nie,Licheng Sun,Jungang Hou
Electrochemical CO 2 reduction is regarded as a promising strategy for the sustainable conversion of greenhouse gas. However, it still remains a significant challenge to manipulate the selectivity and activity. Herein, amorphous and porous Cd modified by sulfur (P–Cd|S) is synthesized by a p-block sulfur dopant. In comparison with unmodified Cd metal, the P–Cd|S architecture exhibits superior activity for selective CO generation, indicating that the sulfur dopant enables a selectivity shift from formic acid to CO. The high selectivity of P–Cd|S is partially ascribed to the local alkalization and suppression of hydrogen evolution as indicated by the finite element analysis. In-depth mechanistic investigations by operando Raman, Infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with theory calculations indicate that the covalently hybridized sp band system with dual collaborative sites (Cd δ + and S δ − ) gives rise to a strong interplay with CO 2 molecules and carbonaceous species, leading to the natural elimination of linear correlation among intermediates binding for d-band metals and the convenient modulation of selectivity toward CO versus HCOOH.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Jie Cheng,Kaidian Zhang,Jiashun Li,Yuyong Hou
Increased hazardous substances application causes more environmental pollution and risks for human health. Microalgae are the important biological groups in marine ecosystem, and considered to be sensitive to environmental pollutants. Therefore, toxicity test on marine microalgae could provide the most efficient method for aquatic toxicity assessment, and could also be used as the early warning signals in aquatic ecosystem . In view of this, our study aimed at investigating the toxicity potential of two typical organic compounds, and screening out novel photosynthetic indicators for the risk assessment of environmental pollutants. In this study, benzyl alcohol and 2-phenylethanol were chosen as the target organic compounds, and preliminary toxicity mechanism of these organic compounds on marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 was investigated with chlorophyll fluorescence technology. Results showed that PCC7002 could be affected by benzyl alcohol or 2-phenylethanol stress, and the toxicity effect was concentration-dependent. And external benzyl alcohol and 2-phenylethanol stress damaged the oxygen evolving complex, and suppressed electron transport at the donor and receptor sides of photosystem II (PSII), influencing the absorption, transfer, and application of light energy. Furthermore, potential biomarkers were screened by half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) on the basis of pearson correlation coefficient analysis, and fluorescence intensity difference between the I-step and P-step of OJIP curve (δF IP ) seems to be the most sensitive indicator for external stress. This study would be of significant interest to the biomarker community, and pave the way for the practical resource for marine pollution monitoring and assessment.
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高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.6
Jiongfan Wang,Lingling Chen,Xin Chen,Xinyu Li,Jianrong Xiao
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries receive considerable attention for their high energy density, but their slow reaction kinetics and poor shuttle effects raise concerns. Here, synthesized V 2 O 3 spheres were used as substrate templates, and ZIF-67 particles were grown on the surface of V 2 O 3 by in-situ growth method. ZIF-67 was calcined at high temperature to form N-doped porous carbon attached to the surface of V 2 O 3 spheres (Co-NC@V 2 O 3 -sp). The hollow structure of V 2 O 3 spheres provided abundant buffer space for sulfur volume expansion and enhanced the stability of the battery cycle. In addition, the great pore volume and specific surface area resulted in abundant active physical and chemical sites, the strong chemical adsorption of V 4+ effectively trapped polysulfides , and the cobalt nanoparticles on the surface effectively consolidated the active sites. The rapid transformation between shuttle effect and polysulfides were limited by physical coordination and chemisorption, respectively. Owing to this double synergistic effect, the prepared composites had an initial discharge capacity of 1483 mAh g −1 (0.1 C). The initial specific capacity reached 1002 mAh g −1 (0.5 C), and it achieved 645 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles. These results showed that Co-NC@V 2 O 3 -sp has high electrochemical function in Li-S batteries.
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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Haixia Wang,Jiahong Zhu,Meng Sun,Mengjie Gu,Xiya Xie,Tongtong Ying,Zeling Zhang,Weihong Zhong
The waste pollution problem caused by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics poses a huge threat to the environment and human health. As plasticizers, Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used in PET production and become combined pollutants with PET. Synthetic biology make it possible to construct engineered cells for microbial degradation of combined pollutants of PET and PAEs. PET hydroxylase (PETase) and monohydroxyethyl terephthalate hydroxylase (MHETase) isolated from Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 exhibit the capability to depolymerize PET. However, PET cannot enter cells, thus enzymatic degradation or cell surface displaying technology of PET hydrolase are the potential strategies. In this study, Pseudomonas sp. JY-Q was selected as a chassis strain, which exhibits robust stress tolerance. First, a truncated endogenous outer membrane protein cOmpA and its variant Signal (OprF)-cOmpA were selected as anchor motifs for exogenous protein to display on the cell surface. These anchor motifs were fused at the N-terminal of PET hydrolase and MHETase and transformed into Pseudomonas sp. JY-Q, the mutant strains successfully display the enzymes on cell surface, after verification by green fluorescent protein labeling and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The resultant strains also showed the catalytic activity of co-displaying PETase and MHETase for PET biodegradation. Then, the cell surface displaying PET degradation module was introduced to a JY-Q strain which genome was integrated with PAEs degrading enzymes and exhibited PAEs degradation ability. The resultant strain JY-Q-R1-R4-SFM-TPH have the ability of degradation PET and PAEs simultaneously. This study provided a promising strain resource for PET and PAEs pollution control.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）