SYNTHETIC METALS
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2013
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IF 2.109
Zhaoling Ma,Jinqing Kan
Polyaniline doped with ZnCl 2 (PANI/Zn 2+ ) is prepared by chemical polymerization of aniline in a solution of 0.3 M aniline, 0.3 M zinc chloride, 1.0 M hydrochloric acid and 0.33 M ammonium persulfate at 5 °C. Polyaniline powder is mixed with acetylene black and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to be used as positive electrodes (cathodes) in batteries. Zinc powder is mixed with alloyed powder (65 wt.% Cu, 20 wt.% Sn, 15 wt.% Zn), acetylene black and CMC to obtain the negative electrodes (anodes). The battery electrolyte comprises 1.0 M ZnCl 2 and 2.0 M NH 4 Cl in the aqueous solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate (EMIES) (water/EMIES, 92:8 by volume). EMIES is added to the battery electrolyte to prevent the formation of Zn dendrites. The assembled cylindrical battery has an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.32 V and the maximum specific capacity of the battery is 89.9 mAh g −1 at pH 4.0.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2025
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IF 9.5
Jiaqi Huang,Xinglin Tang,Yuqi Zhou,Ting Wang,Fangzhou Zhao,Weijian Wang,Yan Meng,Wanglai Cen,Yongzhi Zhang
The practical application of manganese-rich lithium manganese iron phosphate, i.e., LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4, is limited by poor cycling stability and severe voltage decay. In this study, a novel and facile Zn-gradient doping strategy has been employed to enhance the structural stability and lithium-ion de-intercalation kinetics, thereby suppressing the voltage decay of LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4/C (LMFP/C). Compared to the pristine LMFP/C, the Zn-gradient doped LiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4/C (Zn-LMFP/C) exhibits significantly enhanced cycling stability with the capacity retention increasing from 64.11% to 97.47% and suppressed voltage decay with the energy retention increasing from 60.75% to 96.06% after 300 cycles at 1C. Furthermore, the reversible capacity of Zn-LMFP/C is 157.21 mA h g−1 at 0.1C and 138.88 mA h g−1 at 5C, much higher than those of most of the Mn-rich LMFP/C materials reported in previous literature. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) results show that the delithiation/lithiation kinetics of Zn-LMFP/C are notably enhanced. Further first-principles calculations confirm that Zn-LMFP/C possesses superior structural stability and lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. These findings underscore the effectiveness of gradient doping in improving the electrochemical stability of LMFP, providing a promising strategy to mitigate voltage decay and enhance the long-term performance of high-capacity cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
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Journal of Energy Storage
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2024
·
IF 8.9
Yifei Chen,Meng Li,Qin Zhu,Wei Bai,Xiaofang Liu,Mingwu Xiang,Junming Guo,Jintao Liu
The Jahn-Teller effect and Mn dissolution always restrict the practical electrochemical properties of spinel LiMn 2 O 4 cathode material. Herein, a low-temperature solid-state combustion method is employed to synthesize various truncated octahedral LiZn 0.03 Al x Mn 1.97- x O 4 ( x ≤ 0.08) with submicron structure. The Zn/Al dual-doping is conducive to forming {110} and {100} planes, and is also beneficial to the crystal development of LiMn 2 O 4 . It is found that as the amount of Al doping increases, the average particle size gradually decreases from 188 nm to 113 nm. In addition, the Zn/Al co-doping integrated with small particles can improve the high-rate performance. The optimal LiZn 0.03 Al 0.03 Mn 1.94 O 4 exhibits submicron truncated octahedral morphology, high crystallinity , and good particles dispersibility . Benefiting from these structure merits, the LiZn 0.03 Al 0.03 Mn 1.94 O 4 delivers the first discharge capacity of 113.1 mAh⋅g −1 and low capacity fade of 9.9 % after 300 cycles at 1C. It also shows the high first discharge capacity of 86.6 mAh⋅g −1 at 10C and the high capacity retention of 72.1 % after 2000 cycles. Even at ultrahigh current density of 15C and 20C, the ultralong cycling lifespans over 2000 cycles are also achieved in LiZn 0.03 Al 0.03 Mn 1.94 O 4 cathode material. The excellent electrochemical properties are ascribed to its relatively high Li + diffusion coefficient (1.60 × 10 −11 cm 2 ⋅s −1 ) and low apparent activation energy (25.45 kJ⋅mol −1 ) during the de-intercalation process. The Zn/Al dual-doping and submicron truncated octahedron designs of the LiMn 2 O 4 provide a scientific reference to prepare high-performance cathode materials.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yanan Wei,Qian Zhang,Yuan Han,Xinyu Xu,Wenmeihui Zhao,Ying Hu,Rongmei Liu,Guixiang Qian,Zhongliang Tian,Chao Yang
In China, 80 % of lithium resources are in the salt lakes of the Tibetan Plateau, although the Mg 2+ /Li + ratios in them are too high, limiting the development of China’s lithium extraction industry from the salt lakes. This study investigates the potential of the LiMn 2 O 4 -Zn cell system for lithium extraction from brines with high Mg 2+ /Li + ratios. The system demonstrates excellent selectivity for Li + and efficiently extracts Li + even in brines with Mg 2+ /Li + ratios as high as 100:1 (wt%). The system operates stably at various brine concentrations, particularly in high-salinity environments. The study also investigates the kinetic performance of the LMO-Zn system, revealing optimal performance at high Li + concentrations and moderate current densities. The LiMn 2 O 4 -Zn cell system presents a promising approach for lithium extraction from brines, offering high selectivity, reversibility, and adaptability.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2024
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IF 8.1
Ying Wu,Bei Yan,Yiran Liu,Jingyi Kong,Xiang Lin,Min Gong,Liang Zhang,Dongrui Wang
Enhancing the energy density of aqueous rechargeable zinc-based batteries is critical for boosting their application in a variety of practical scenarios. Herein we demonstrate a strategy to improve specific energies of Zn//MnO 2 batteries in mild electrolyte via utilizing three-dimensional (3D) current collectors for both the anode and cathode. By electrodepositing limited amounts of Zn on surface-alloyed Ag mesh and coupling it with MnO 2 cathode electrodeposited on carbon cloth with no binder, the resultant batteries exhibit specific energy up to 253 and 196 Wh/kg (based on total mass of active materials) at negative-to-positive electrode capacity (N/P) ratios of 1:1 and 2:1. By elevating the working temperature to 35 °C, the specific energy and life span of the battery with N/P = 2 can be further increased to 216 Wh/kg and >225 cycles, respectively. The key to achieving a high specific energy relies primarily on the great reversibility of the Zn anode, which is conferred by the 3D Ag mesh.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Xinying Ding,Yuanbin Wen,Chen Qing,Yaru Wei,Pengcheng Wang,Jingyi Liu,Zhanhong Peng,Yihui Song,Houyang Chen,Qian Rong
δ-MnO 2 was proposed as a promising cathode material for aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Nonetheless, its potential application has been impeded by its unstable crystal structure and sluggish reaction kinetics with Zn ions. Herein, we utilized Cr to modify δ-MnO 2 by a simple hydrothermal method to develop cathode materials for aqueous Zn-ion batteries with better stability and electron transport properties. The introduction of Cr enhanced the specific capacity and cycling stability of δ-MnO 2 , in particular, the 3% Cr doped δ-MnO 2 electrode exhibited a large specific capacity of 229.2 mAh·g −1 at 0.1 A·g −1 and an excellent capacitance retention of 86.0% after performing 300 cycles. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the introduction of Cr decreases the band gap of MnO 2 and enhances electron migration in the electrode material. Meanwhile, the introduction of Cr substantially improved the Zn ion adsorption and enhanced the binding energy of δ-MnO 2 , indicating that the addition of Cr promoted the interaction between the Cr doping δ-MnO 2 (Cr-MnO 2 ) electrode materials with Zn ions, while making the structure of the electrode materials more stable. As a result, this suppresses the Jahn-Teller distortion and reduces the solvation and phase transition of Mn.
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RSC Advances
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2024
·Vol. 14
·期 50
·37512-37520
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IF 3.9
Wenlong Xiong,Qiyuan Xie,Haoran Zhang,Md. Asraful Alam,Chenjie Zhu,Lele Wang,Jingliang Xu
Hydrogel electrolytes have received tremendous research interest in designing flexible zinc-ion secondary batteries, making them highly promising for flexible energy storage and wearable electronic devices. Herein, we report a composite hydrogel electrolyte (CHE) prepared using a fumed silica-doped gelatin hydrogel. This electrolyte is specifically designed for use in rechargeable aqueous Zn/MnO2 batteries (ReAZMBs). Experimental results showed that after fumed silica was added, the porosity and ionic conductivity of the gelatin hydrogel electrolyte increased. Meanwhile, adding fumed silica to the hydrogel electrolyte contributed to reducing self-corrosion and promoting rapid and uniform deposition of zinc ions. When the addition of fumed silica to gelatin was 10 wt%, ReAZMBs with this CHE exhibited a superior rate and cycling performance. More specifically, ReAZMBs with this CHE achieved an initial specific capacity of 150 mA h g−1 at a current density of 1.5 A g−1 and a capacity retention rate of 67% after 1000 cycles, which was much higher than that of the battery with the pure gelatin hydrogel electrolyte (33%). This was because of the improved interface stability between the zinc anode and electrolyte and the reduced formation of by-products (3Zn(OH)2·ZnSO4·3H2O and 3Zn(OH)2·ZnSO4·5H2O), according to the results of the charge–discharge test of Zn//Zn symmetric batteries and SEM and XRD characterizations of post-run zinc anodes. In addition, the ReAZMBs with the CHE demonstrated good flexibility and could supply power reliably even when bent.
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PubMed
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Batteries-Basel
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2024
·Vol. 10
·期 12
·420
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IF 4.6
Fujie Li,Hongfei Zhang,Xuehua Liu,Binghui Xu,Chao Wang
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as highly promising options for large-scale energy storage systems due to their cost-effectiveness, substantial energy capacity, and improved safety features. However, the Zn anode faces challenges such as self-corrosion and dendrite formation, which limit its practical use in AZIB applications. In this work, a simple blade-coating method was used to successfully coat poly (vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP) on the Zn anode. The coated Zn anode (P-Zn) displayed a stable cycling performance (700 h) at 1 mA cm−2current density in the symmetric cell. In addition, the full cell using MnO2as the cathode and P-Zn as the anode retained almost full capacity even after 1400 cycles at 2C, far outperforming the full cell using the unmodified Zn anode with only 50% capacity retention after 600 cycles. In situ optical observations of Zn deposition demonstrate that the special organic coating significantly enhances the uniform deposition of Zn2+, thus effectively mitigating corrosion and hydrogen evolution. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations show that the PVDF-HFP coating effectively narrows the adsorption energy gap between the P-Zn (002) and (101) planes, leading to the homogeneous deposition of Zn2+with fewer Zn dendrites. A simple and feasible strategy for designing ultra-stable AZIBs by coating an organic protective layer on the Zn surface is provided by this work.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
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IF 13.2
Qi Li,Guizhou Liu,Shixiang Zhou,Sihan Tang,Ruiying Luo,Peng Wei,Chun Fang,Chunze Yan
Utilizing reversible Zn metal anode is the most attractive way to meet the urgent demand for rechargeable Zn-ion batteries with high energy density. For reliable and stable zinc-ion batteries, it is of particular importance to understand and prevent the issues associated with the chemically reactive, ionically blocking and mechanically unstable interfaces/interphases of the Zn metal anode. It is well known that increasing the surface area of electrode can create a more uniform ion/electron field, facilitating uniform ion deposition. However, larger surface area often exacerbates corrosion issues, and the impact of the geometric structure of electrode on ion diffusion-nucleation-growth mode remains unclear. Herein, a fast ion transport network enhanced 3D Zn anode prepared by 3D printing is reported to regulate the electrochemistry of Zn. 3D structure design help to explore the impact of geometric constraints on ion diffusion-nucleation behaviors, validating boundary conditions of nucleation theories, so as to achieve a dense and uniform deposition morphology. And the Zn(OTF) 2 -PEO hydrogel components within the 3D Zn powder electrode construct a 3D ion transport network. The hydrogel network optimizes the nucleation process by reducing the surface energy, which can address the corrosion issue caused by the increased surface area.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yingna Chang,Yuxiang Zuo,Jiawei Li,Jindi Wang,Kefan Song,Yu Liu,Rong Xing,Guoxin Zhang
Supportive atomic Zn electrocatalysts exhibit excellent stability for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their fully occupied d orbitals of Zn, but their catalytic activity is not satisfactory. Whereas heteroatom doping can anchor the Zn atoms to achieve higher Zn loading; and additionally serve as auxiliary sites to enhance the catalytic activity of Zn sites. Herein, we present a method for the synthesis of N, S co-doped carbon with highly dispersed Zn (named Zn-NSC). The ORR activity of the Zn-NSC catalysts is optimized by adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and the atomic structure of the dopant molecules. The optimized Zn-NSC demonstrates significantly enhanced ORR electrocatalytic activity, this is attributable to its highly co-doping of N and S heteroatoms that are adjacent to Zn atoms. Specifically, the Zn-NSC 3 catalyst exhibits remarkable ORR characteristics with excellent onset voltage (0.97 V vs RHE) and half-wave potential (0.87 V vs RHE), surpassing those of Pt/C (0.97 V and 0.85 V, respectively). Additionally, the Zn-NSC 3 can be utilized as efficient cathode for Al-air batteries, achieving a high power density of 119.4 mW cm −2 and satisfactory discharge stability. This work proposes an approach for synthesizing low-cost and efficient ORR electrocatalysts for Al-air battery applications.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
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IF 6.3
Haiping Wang,Xingyu Wang,Xinmiao Liu,Shuwei Zhang,Shutong Meng,Wenjie Yan,Xin Zhang,Zhansheng Lu,Zenghui Qiu,Haijun Xu,Jiaqi He
Aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) exhibit great potential for energy storage and conversion devices, owing to their inherent safety and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, the structure of traditional porous carbon cathodes hinders the zinc-ion diffusion kinetics, rendering the energy densities of conventional ZHSCs uncompetitive and severely impeding their practical applications. 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, known as MXenes, exhibit excellent conductivity and abundant surface functional groups, qualifying them as ideal candidates for constructing high-capacity cathodes in high-performance ZHSCs. This study presents the fabrication of a ZHSC utilizing 3D porous K + -intercalated Ti 3 C 2 T X -reduced graphene oxide (K + -Ti 3 C 2 T X -RGO) hydrogel as cathode, paired with a zinc foil as anode. Upon treatment with KOH solution, Ti 3 C 2 T X undergoes K + ion intercalation into its nanosheets, resulting in partial elimination of terminal -F groups and expansion of the MXene interlayer spacing. Subsequently, large-scale graphene oxide (GO) was employed as a conductive binder to interconnect the intercalated multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T X , and a reducing agent was incorporated to facilitate self-assembly into a hydrogel. This approach augmented the accessibility of ions and facilitated their transport within the resultant structure. The ZHSC, fabricated with this composite cathode, synergistically integrates the supercapacitor’s high-power density and the battery’s high energy density. The results indicate that the ZHSC exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, featuring a high specific capacitance of 253.86 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 and an impressive energy density of 141.03 Wh kg −1 at 999.99 W kg −1 . Notably, after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at 10 A g −1 , the ZHSC maintained a capacitance retention rate above 87.96 %, highlighting its exceptional cycling stability.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
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IF 2.7
Nannan Li,Kai An,Haojie Liu,Xu Guo,Lijun Yang,Xiaoze Du
Metal sulfides with suitable morphology typically possess efficient solar light utilization and suitable band structures for photocatalytic hydrogen production. However, a significant challenge is faced in developing the optimal morphology of individual semiconductors and precisely modulating hybrid heterostructures. Herein, this work reports the superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of hexagonal CdS pyramids compared to other nanostructured CdS catalysts. Additionally, ZnS nanoparticles with zinc vacancies are grown in situ on the surface of the hexagonal CdS pyramids, meticulously constructing a Z-scheme heterojunction of CdS/ZnS. By elaborately adjusting the ratio of Cd to Zn sources, the interfacial structure of the heterojunction can be optimized to significantly reduce the obstruction of charge transfer. With the same concentrations of Cd and Zn sources, the CdS/ZnS heterojunction hexagonal pyramid–nanoparticle morphology exhibits a significantly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 4660 μmol h−1 g−1 under visible light, which is 4.6 and 84.72 times higher than those of pristine CdS pyramids and ZnS nanoparticles, respectively. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results comprehensively demonstrate the promoted interfacial charge separation in the Z-scheme CdS/ZnS. This work provides an effective strategy for the rational design of catalyst morphology and construction of Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for efficient photocatalysis.
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