PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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2026
·Vol. 123
·期 5
·e2522028123
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IF 9.1
Yongpeng Liang,Haochen Han,Yuewei Zhao,Wenjun Yu,Huiying Chen,Jiachuan Liu,Haojie Jin,Yangfan Xu,Wei Chen,Kun Qian,Xiangdong Yao,Lin Huang,Xiao-Ming Chen
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), rare yet clinically significant malignancies, face diagnostic challenges due to their occult presentation and lack of noninvasive risk-stratification tools, leading to systemic overtreatment and poor prognoses for high-risk subtypes. To address this unmet need, we developed a Fe3O4@Fe metal–organic framework heterojunction-enhanced laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) platform for the efficient analysis of serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs). Engineered through gradient pyrolysis, this nanomaterial synergizes ultraviolet absorption and photothermal conversion from its two constituent components with enhanced charge separation, achieving 1,000-fold improvement in sensitivity and thus enabling direct SMF acquisition from 1 μL of serum. Coupled with machine learning, the platform demonstrates robust diagnostic performance, yielding area under the curve (AUC) of 0.960 for distinguishing TETs from benign control and AUC of 0.856 for hierarchical risk stratification, outperforming clinical workflows. Beyond advancing material design for LDI MS, this work establishes a clinically translatable framework for rapid, large-scale screening, addressing critical gaps in TET management through metabolic-driven stratification.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 8.2
Chengwan Wang,Junchen He,Aoyu Shen,Tong Xie,Ruo Huang,Xian Wu,Yue Yuan,Sheng-Tao Yang
Nitrate (NO 3 - ), a prevalent pollutant in aquatic ecosystems, poses significant ecological and human health risks due to its excessive accumulation, which accelerates eutrophication. In this study, a novel bimetallic material (B-Fe/Cu) was synthesized via high-energy ball milling using micron-sized zero-valent iron (ZVI) and copper salts. When integrated with ultraviolet (UV) light, the UV/B-Fe/Cu system achieved complete conversion (100%) of 10 ppm NO 3 - -N within 120 minutes. Intriguingly, abundant Cu species were found to mediate the efficient redox cycling between Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ , and superoxide radicals (O 2 ·- ) facilitated the redox cycling between Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ /Cu + , while the localized micro-acidic microenvironment of B-Fe/Cu enabled the dynamic pH regulation during nitrate reduction. These triple functionalities ensured the full nitrate conversion in UV/B-Fe/Cu system without toxic NO 2 - byproduct formation across a wide pH range of 3.0-11.0. Furthermore, the UV/B-Fe/Cu system demonstrated exceptional operational stability and environmental robustness, retaining >90% reduction efficiency after four consecutive reuse cycles. These insights advance the rational design of iron-based materials for scalable and sustainable water purification technologies.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Jinfeng Li,Yuxuan Li,Yang Liu,Yuan Shao,Wuyang Song,Youjun Lu
： High-entropy nitride ceramics (HENCs) require high sintering temperatures,and exhibit relatively low density and insufficient fracture toughness, greatly restricting their applicability in structural load-bearing scenarios under extreme service environments. To address these limitations, this study employed Fe as a sintering aid and prepared (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ti 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 )N-Fe composite ceramics with 0–20 wt% Fe via spark plasma sintering (SPS) in the temperature range of 1600–2100 ℃. We evaluated how Fe content and sintering temperature jointly affect microstructure and mechanical properties. The results show that pure HEN ceramics densifies only at 2100 °C, reaching 96.41% relative density, due to sluggish diffusion and lattice distortion. Although high temperature enhances diffusion, it also coarsens the grains to 5.40 ± 2.18 μm. In contrast, adding only 5 wt% Fe enables densification at a reduced temperature of 1700 °C, achieving 98.81% relative density and refining the grain size to 3.25 ± 1.01 μm. Regarding mechanical properties, pure HEN ceramics exhibits a hardness of 19.79 ± 0.49 GPa and a fracture toughness of 3.86 ± 0.32 MPa·m 1/2 . When 5 wt% Fe is added, both mechanical indices increase markedly, with hardness increasing to 21.09 ± 0.35 GPa and fracture toughness to 4.38 ± 0.31 MPa·m 1/2 . These results demonstrate a pronounced synergistic effect of Fe addition and reduced sintering temperature on the microstructure of HEN ceramics. During sintering, by forming Fe-rich interfacial phases, Fe accelerates low-temperature densification, while its segregation at grain boundaries and triple junctions regulates boundary migration, enabling fine grains and high density at reduced sintering temperatures.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 4.1
Yu Wanting,Wu Di,Ao Zhongjie,He Yu,Tang Dianping
Methods based on photo-heat conversion materials have been developed for the immunoassays, but most involve low sensitivity or complex procedures and are unsuitable for routine use. Herein, a portable photothermal immunoassay was designed for point-of-care (POC) testing of disease-related biomarker (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)) in biological fluids on a digital near-infrared (NIR) thermometer with smartphone readout. Initially, the photothermal materials with manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) bimetallic oxide (MnFe 2 O 4 ) were synthesized via a typical hydrothermal method, and then functionalized with polyclonal anti-human CEA detection antibody (pAb 2 ). In the presence of target CEA, a sandwich-type immunoreaction was implemented on monoclonal rabbit anti-human CEA capture antibody-coated microplate with MnFe 2 O 4 -pAb 2 . Under an 808-nm laser irradiation, the labeled MnFe 2 O 4 on the detection antibody converted the light into heat, thereby causing the increasing temperature of the detection solution in the microplate. The variation in the temperature was collected on a portable NIR thermometer with smartphone readout. Under optimal conditions, the MnFe 2 O 4 -based immunoassay exhibited good photothermal responses for the detection of target CEA with a dynamic linear range of 0.01–150 ng mL −1 at a low detection limit of 0.56 pg mL −1 . Good reproducibility, intermediate precision, and high specificity were acquired. No significant differences at the 0.05 significance level were encountered for the analysis of human serum samples between the developed photothermal immunoassay and the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of CEA. Importantly, this immunoassay offers promise for simple and cost-effective analysis of biological samples in diagnostics. Graphical
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International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
·
2026
·Vol. 23
·期 3
·e70206
·
IF 2.6
Weiwei Pei,Hongli Liu,Guanqi Xu,Junjie Zhang,Boshi Gao,Wenshuo Cao,Mingwei Li,Xianlin Xiao,Mingda Liu,Yuhao Liu,Xiaoxiao Huang
Driven by the rapid development of microelectronics and aerospace engineering, lightweight, ultrathin, broadband microwave absorption (MA) materials are urgently required for advanced electromagnetic protection and stealth technologies. Conventional ceramic-derived MA absorbers face inherent bottlenecks of incompatible impedance matching and insufficient attenuation efficiency, severely restricting their application in miniaturized aerospace and electronic systems. A novel bubble coral-like Fe-MOF modified carbonaceous nanofiber composite (BF@CNFs) is fabricated via electrospinning, thermal curing, and high-temperature carbonization, with its microstructure precisely tailored by optimizing polyacrylonitrile/phenolic resin ratio and carbonization heating rate. The optimized BF@CNF-2 delivers a minimum reflection loss of −36.2 dB at 1.3 mm thickness, with an effective absorption bandwidth nearly covering the entire Ku-band (12.0–18.0 GHz). This outstanding performance stems from the synergistic effect of conductive carbon nanofiber scaffolds and Fe-MOF-derived magnetic phases. The work provides a scalable, ceramic-compatible strategy for high-performance MA materials, addressing long-standing technical challenges, with promising prospects in aerospace stealth and electromagnetic shielding.
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VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 2.8
Leyu Hu,Lexi Gao,Xingwei Fu,Zesheng Rong,Yue Cheng,Yuhan Hou,Lu Han,Xin Ran,Guiwen Guan,Ting Zhou,Lingling Chang,Xiaomin Zhao,Qian Du,Yong Huang,Dewen Tong,Mingjun Zhu
PEDV infection induces intracellular iron accumulation in host cells. • Iron promotes CoV replication by enhancing Fe-S cluster-dependent RdRp activity. • TEMPOL suppresses CoV replication by disrupting viral Fe-S cluster integrity. • TEMPOL exhibits broad-spectrum anti-CoV activity in vitro and in vivo. • TEMPOL effectively counteracts iron-exacerbated viral pathogenesis in vivo. Coronaviruses (CoVs) can cause severe respiratory and enteric diseases, posing major threats to human health and the livestock industry. However, the host metabolic mechanisms underlying viral replication remain unclear. Using porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) as the primary model, this study investigated the role of iron metabolism in CoV replication and its mechanisms. Our results showed that PEDV infection markedly induced intracellular iron accumulation, while exogenous iron supplementation enhanced viral replication and iron chelation suppressed it. Mechanistically, iron enhances viral replication by promoting the formation of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters, essential cofactors for the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Based on these findings, we further evaluated the antiviral activity of TEMPOL, a small molecule targeting viral Fe-S clusters. TEMPOL reduced RdRp activity and effectively inhibited PEDV replication. Moreover, TEMPOL exhibited broad-spectrum antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV). Importantly, TEMPOL effectively reversed FAC-promoted viral pathogenesis, alleviating tissue lesions and clinical symptoms across multiple CoV animal models. Collectively, this study reveals a key role of iron metabolism in CoV replication and suggests that targeting viral Fe-S clusters may provide a novel strategy for anti-CoV therapy against diverse CoVs.
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Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 2.7
Yi-Feng Qiu,Xu-You Cao,Feng Li,Guo-Chao Liang,Hao Zhang,Fu-Rong Wang,Hai Yang Liu
A series of new hangman iron corroles with different electronic structure and pending aldehyde group were prepared and used as catalyst in Baeyer–Villiger (B–V) oxidation reactions. The results show that hangman iron corroles exhibit faster reaction rates and higher ε-caprolactone yields as compared to triaryl iron 5,10,15-tri(pentafluorophenyl) corrole (Fe(tpfc)Cl). With the increase in the electron-withdrawing ability of the meso-position substituents of hangman iron corrole, the yield of caprolactone also increases. Under optimal conditions, the best hangman iron corrole bearing two pentafluorophenyl groups (FePXC) may give a yield of 97% at only 0.07 mol% catalyst loading. The turnover number (TON) of the FePXC catalyst could be up to 2100 in a gram-scale test of oxidation of cyclohexanone. This work demonstrates the good potential of hangman corroles in B–V oxidation.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Shan Huang,Danyu Lv,Yuhuan Geng,Fuhao Yue,Xinan Zeng,Mengwai Woo,Zhong Han,Ji Ma
Malachite green (MG) is a toxic contaminant commonly found in aquaculture, making its effective removal and detection crucially important. In this study, MIL-100(Fe) was synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method under optimized conditions (150 °C, 200 W, 30 min; FeCl₃·6H 2 O:H₃BTC = 2:3). The resulting material exhibited excellent structural stability, a high specific surface area (1169.9 m 2 /g), and a remarkable MG adsorption capacity of 714.29 mg/g. To enable practical application and reusability, MIL-100(Fe) was immobilized onto a melamine sponge (MeS) using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binding agent, forming a recyclable MeS/PVDF/MOF composite. When applied for solid-phase extraction of MG in conjunction with UV detection, the composite demonstrated high recovery rates (92.1–99.4 %), a low detection limit (2.29 μg/L), and consistent performance with over 80 % recovery after six reuse cycles in both real fish and wastewater samples. This study presents a simple, efficient and sustainable strategy for the adsorption and detection of MG in aquatic food matrices.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Lili Zhang,Yiming Chen,Haowei Wang,Junyi Wang,Jun Shi,Qijian Niu,Xiuxiu Dong
Accurate detection of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in food samples is critically important for food safety monitoring due to their endocrine-disrupting effects. A colorimetric (CL) sensing platform was developed, which shows universal response to all PAEs analytes. In the sensing system, Fe-MOFs with peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity catalyze H 2 O 2 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which oxidize colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into blue oxidation product (oxTMB). However, after the addition of PAEs, it will compete with TMB for active substances, resulting in a decrease in the generated oxTMB. Therefore, with the increase of PAEs concentration, the intensity of UV absorption peak attributed to oxTMB decreased. Taking dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as an example, the linear equation between absorption intensity ( A 652 ) and target concentration (1.0 × 10 −9 –5.0 × 10 −5 mol/L) was established. The correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) was 0.996, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 2.7 × 10 −10 mol/L. The signal response evaluation of multiple target PAEs was carried out separately. The CL sensing platform constructed using Fe-MOFs has been proved to be a reliable sensing system for the detection of DBP in real samples and yielded satisfactory recovery results. The successful application of this method for the detection of DBP in pakchoi, cherry tomato and fruit cucumber samples showed that it has the potential to detect PAEs in complex samples.
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TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Chaobao Wang,Binlu Zhang,Jianzhe Huang,Jiale Chen,Yuyang Xi,Xinqi Zou
The mussel-inspired adhesion of polydopamine (PDA) provides a possibility for the formation of transferring lubrication films underwater. However, the inherent softness of PDA film limits its application in heavy-load lubrication situation. Therefore, a series of PDA@Fe core–shell nanoparticles were synthesized and their wettability and lubrication performance were evaluated. Compared to bare 304 stainless steel, the water contact angle of the PDA@Fe nanoparticle-coated surface is reduced from 86° to 48°. Tribological tests on steel–steel friction pairs show that, compared with deionized water, the PDA@Fe suspension reduces the friction coefficient and wear rate by up to 28.5 % and 56.6 %, respectively. Furthermore, EDS analysis reveals that PDA@Fe nanoparticles adhere to the worn surface and form a synergistic-adhesive and supportive lubricating film, in which Fe nanoparticles provide mechanical support and enhance PDA adhesion through ionic chelation. PDA, in turn, contributes hydration lubrication. This synergy results in highly efficient friction and wear reduction, suggesting that the multifunctional PDA@Fe nanoparticles offer an eco-friendly and durable solution for water-lubricated systems.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.3
Zhaoyang Li,Xiang Zhang,Yingjie Song,Weiming Yang,Xiaolu Cheng,Ping Zhang,Cheng Liu,Changchun Zhou,Haishun Liu
Fe-based metallic glass (Fe-based MG) ribbons are susceptible to surface oxidation during long-term service, resulting in degraded magnetic and catalytic properties. In this work, a rapid and cost-effective strategy, termed Selective Etching and Ion Exchange (SEIE), was applied to restore the catalytic activity of oxidized Fe-based MG ribbons. Fe 73.5 Si 13.5 B 9 Cu 1 Nb 3 ribbons were thermally oxidized at 200 °C for 30–240 min to simulate varying degrees of aging after service, followed by surface cleaning and SEIE activation. The activated Fe-based MG ribbons exhibited a first-order rate constant ( k obs ) of 2.37 min −1 for degrading 20 mg/L acid orange 7 (AO7), which is an order of magnitude higher than that of the pristine ribbons. Microstructural characterization revealed the formation of Cu clusters with two distinct morphologies generated by ion exchange, which induced a galvanic coupling effect, significantly enhancing hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation and catalytic degradation. However, excessive Cu deposition impeded Fe-H 2 O 2 interactions, reducing catalytic activity. The activated Fe-based MG ribbons maintained 70 % higher k obs values than the pristine ribbon after 10 degradation cycles, and exhibited excellent performance for phenol degradation ( k obs =0.417 min −1 ). This study demonstrates a sustainable and efficient surface-activation approach for utilizing oxidized Fe-based MGs, offering both environmental and economic benefits.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.9
Hu T. T.,Xie Y. X.,Zhao K.,Yang X. S.
Trace oxygen-doped FeSe 0.4 Te 0.6 single crystals were synthesized using the self-flux method to investigate the effects of oxygen incorporation on their crystal structure, superconducting transition, and flux pinning properties. Experimental results indicate that trace O-doping effectively modulates the superconducting transition temperature ( T c ) and enhances the critical current density ( J c ), with a more pronounced improvement in current-carrying capacity observed under high magnetic fields. Based on the Dew–Hughes model analysis, the sample with 0.5% O-doping exhibits the most robust pinning effect. This study demonstrates that trace oxygen doping can effectively optimize the superconducting performance of FeSe 0.4 Te 0.6 and reveals the existence of an optimal doping regime, which provides valuable insights into the mechanism and practical application of iron-based superconductors.
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