CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2021
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IF 13.273
Junfeng Chen,Wenjie Zhao
The complex and harsh deep sea environment is the main reason for the failure of the protective coating of marine equipment. However, excellent protective coating is the key to prolong the service life of the equipment under deep sea environment. Ti 3 C 2 T X , with high aspect ratio, abundant surface functional groups and excellent mechanical properties, is the suitable candidate nanofiller for coating reinforcement. Herein, we synthesized a novel silk fibroin-Ti 3 C 2 T X (SF-Ti 3 C 2 T X ) hybrid nanofiller as reinforced-additives for improving the anti-corrosion ability of waterborne epoxy coating. Due to the rough surface of SF-Ti 3 C 2 T X nanosheets, they have excellent compatibility with the resin matrix and could fill the inherent defects of the coating. The anticorrosion behaviors of as-prepared composite coatings under both of atmospheric pressure and simulated deep sea environment were investigated in detail. Particularly, the composite coating with 0.5 wt% SF-Ti 3 C 2 T X sheets showed outstanding corrosion protection (impedance value remained 1.31 × 10 8 Ω⋅cm 2 , four orders of magnitude higher than pure EP) after 240 h immersion under 20 MPa hydrostatic pressure. In addition, the interface of coating/steel was not damaged and the coating remained the favorable adhesion strength (3.16 MPa, but that of pure EP only 0.88 MPa) even in the harsh high hydrostatic pressure. Based on the experiment data, we discussed and analyzed the failure process of coatings and explained the corrosion protection mechanism of SF-Ti 3 C 2 T X hybrid under simulated deep sea environment.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2021
·
IF 3.764
Ming-Ke Xu,Ji Liu,Hao-Bin Zhang,Yu Zhang,Xinyu Wu,Zhiming Deng,Zhong-Zhen Yu
Electrically conductive polymer nanocomposites are highly required for efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Although two-dimensional transition metal carbide/carbonitride (MXene) nanosheets with metallic electrical conductivity and layered structure show great potential for the construction of interconnected conductance networks in polymer matrices, their preferred stacking feature and intrinsic hydrophilicity inevitably cause poor dispersion in organic polymers, making it challenging to prepare MXene/polymer nanocomposites with high electrical conductivity and satisfactory EMI shielding performances at low MXene contents. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient methodology to prepare highly conductive MXene/polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with an ultralow percolation threshold for efficient EMI shielding application. By dip-coating MXene nanosheets onto a polyethyleneimine-grafted PP textile, followed by vacuum-assisted compression molding, an interconnected conductance network of MXene nanosheets in the PP matrix is constructed facilely and efficiently. The resultant MXene/PP nanocomposite exhibits an ultralow percolation threshold of 0.027 vol %, a high electrical conductivity of 437.5 S m–1 at a low MXene loading of 2.12 vol %, and an outstanding EMI shielding performance of more than 60 dB within the X-band, superior to most other electrically conductive polymer nanocomposites. This work provides a new approach for fabricating MXene/polymer nanocomposites with outstanding electrical conductivity for high-performance EMI shielding applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
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IF 10.652
Chunli Hou,Huangzhong Yu
MXenes, a novel intriguing family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, have a wide spectrum of applications owning to their unique optical and electronic properties. Herein, we use Ti 3 C 2 T x , a representative of MXenes, as an additive in zinc oxide (ZnO) to fabricate novel ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x nanohybrid composite film. The addition of Ti 3 C 2 T X nanosheets constructs new electron transport pathways between the ZnO nanocrystals, and passivates the surface of ZnO by forming the Zn-O-Ti bonding on the ZnO surface. The novel ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x nanohybrid film exhibits excellent photoelectric characteristics, and is used as electron transport layers (ETLs) in fullerene and non-fullerene polymer solar cells for the first time. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the photovoltaic devices based on PBDB-T:ITIC with the ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x ETLs is 12.20%, up from 10.56% for the corresponding device utilizing pristine ZnO as ETL, a relative increase of 15.53%. Moreover, PM6:Y6 based IPSCs achieve a champion PCE of 16.51% from 14.99% for the reference device, suggesting the good applicability of the ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x ETL. The enhancement of PCE is mainly due to the increased transfer and collection of charges in IPSCs. More interestingly, devices based on ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T X composite ETL display relatively good stability compared with the control device. The layered Ti 3 C 2 T X should be responsible for such enhancement.
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Nano-Micro Letters
·
2020
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 12.264
Wu Wenting,Fang Huajing,Ma Hailong,Wu Liangliang,Zhang Wenqing,Wang Hong
MXene/WO 3− x composite film with excellent electrochromic performances was fabricated for the first time.
The addition of MXene is an effective strategy for simultaneously enhancing electron and ion transport behaviors in the electrochromic layer.
The kinetics of ion diffusion in electrochromic devices are studied in depth based on both experiment and simulation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Weimin Chen,Daotong Zhang,Kai Yang,Min Luo,Pei Yang,Xiaoyan Zhou
Traditional porous carbon (PC)-based supercapacitors (SCs) are generally stiff and heavy owing to their rigid components and bulky additives, such as binders, conducting materials, and current collectors. Herein, a porous (574.5 m 2 g −1 ), conductive (83.1 S cm −1 ), and flexible MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x )/cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/PC hybrid film is prepared by strong interfacial interactions among its components via a facile vacuum-filtration method. Three-dimensional PC provides abundant micropores for charge storage and considerable amount of meso/macropores for fast diffusion of ions. Two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 T x offers a significantly high conductivity of 2.6 × 10 3 S cm −1 and a good film-forming ability. A one-dimensional CNF ensures high mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 38.6 MPa for the hybrid film by binding the adjacent Ti 3 C 2 T x flakes and PC. Additionally, the presence of CNF and PC increases the interlayer distance between Ti 3 C 2 T x flakes, thereby providing more ion-accessible surface areas on Ti 3 C 2 T x and creating open gaps for fast ion transport. Benefiting from these electrochemically attractive properties, this film is further employed as a free-standing electrode to fabricate a high-performance quasi-solid-state SC, which demonstrates an ultrathin thickness of 0.2 mm, a high flexibility, a significantly high areal capacitance of 143 mF cm −2 at 0.1 mA cm −2 , and a large areal energy density of 2.4 μWh cm −2 at 17.5 μW cm −2 , with a high retention of ~50% even after increasing the power density by ~100 fold. This work will pave the way for developing free-standing MXene-based hybrid films that simultaneously possess excellent conductivity, good mechanical properties, and large charge storage capacity for flexible and high-performance SCs.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2020
·
IF 8.758
Krishnamoorthy Rajavel,Xuecheng Yu,Pengli Zhu,Yougen Hu,Rong Sun,Chingping Wong
Defect-controlled exfoliation of few-layer transition-metal carbide (f-Ti3C2Tx) MXene was demonstrated by optimizing chemical etching conditions, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding coatings were explored. The structural features such as layer morphology, lateral size, layer thickness, defect density, and mechanical stability of the exfoliated f-Ti3C2Tx were strongly dependent on exfoliation conditions. By selecting appropriate exfoliation conditions, moderate etching time leads to the formation of quality f-Ti3C2Tx with lesser defects, whereas longer etching time can break the layer structure and increase defect density, structural misalignment, and oxidative products of f-Ti3C2Tx. The resultant fabricated free-standing flexible f-Ti3C2Tx films exhibited electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) in the X-band of about 3669 ± 33 S/m and 31.97 dB, respectively, at a thickness of 6 μm. The large discrepancy in EMI SE performance between quality (31.97 dB) and defected (3.164 dB) f-Ti3C2Tx sheets is attributed to interconnections between f-Ti3C2Tx nanolaminates interrupted by defects and oxidative products, influencing EMI attenuation ability. Furthermore, the demonstrated solution-processable high-quality f-Ti3C2Tx inks are compatible and, when applied for EM barrier coating on various substrates, including paper, cellulose fabric, and PTFE membranes, exhibited significant EMI shielding performance. Moreover, controlling defects in f-Ti3C2Tx and assembly of heterogeneous disordered carbon-loaded TiO2–Ti3C2Tx ternary hybrid nanostructures from f-Ti3C2Tx by tuning etching conditions could play an enormous role in energy and environmental applications.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 12
·4169-4180
·
IF 7.059
Chunli Hou,Huangzhong Yu
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, MXenes, typically represented by Ti3C2TX, have shown great promise in optoelectronic devices due to their metallic electrical conductivity, large surface area, superior hydrophilicity and excellent transparency. Herein, to improve the conductivity of polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films, we incorporate solution-processable 2D Ti3C2TX nanosheets into PEDOT:PSS to fabricate PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX composite layers, and polymer solar cells (PSCs) with PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX composite films as hole transport layers (HTLs) are fabricated for the first time. The nanostructures and the corresponding hole injection properties of PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX composite layers are systematically evaluated. Based on the non-fullerene PBDB-T:ITIC system, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.02% is obtained for the device with PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX as the HTL, which is improved by 13.5% compared to that of the control device with pure PEDOT:PSS as the HTL (9.72%). When using the PM6:Y6 system as the active layer, the PCE of the device based on PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX is improved to 14.55% from 13.10% for the PEDOT:PSS reference device. 2D Ti3C2TX nanoflakes with higher conductivity construct additional charge transfer pathways between the PEDOT nanocrystals and induce conformational transition of PEDOT from a coil to a linear/expanded-coil structure, leading to an improvement in conductivity and device performance. Interestingly, PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX based devices also exhibit enhanced long-term stability compared to PEDOT:PSS based devices. These results show that PEDOT:PSS/Ti3C2TX composite films have a promising prospect in high efficiency organic optoelectronics.
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ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 6.082
Fan Zhang,Zirui Jia,Chao Wang,Ailing Feng,Kuikui Wang,Tianqi Hou,Jiajia Liu,Yi Zhang,Guanglei Wu
Silicon has been regarded as a promising anode materials for lithium ion battery . However, large volume change during lithiation/delithiation process impedes its application for energy storage. Two-dimensional titanium carbide or carbonitride nanosheet , known as MXene , possesses layered-stacked structure and high electrical conductivity . So MXene has a great potential to improve the cycle life of silicon anode because its layered-stacked structure can accommodate the volume expansion of silicon. Herein, we present a facile process to prepare sandwich-like silicon/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene composite directed by electrostatic self-assembly. This unique architecture could accommodate silicon expansion during lithiation and enhance electronical conductivity. The silicon/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene composite delivers an initial reversible capacity of 1067.6 mAh g −1 at a current of 300 mA g −1 . Moreover, it shows a steady cycling ability of 643.8 mAh g −1 at 300 mA g −1 after 100 cycles. This work may shed lights on the development of high energy density silicon-based anode materials for lithium ion battery.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·
IF 6.215
Xue Wang,Mengjia Li,Shuang Yang,Jiajia Shan
An electrochemical sensing platform based on TiO 2 –Ti 3 C 2 T X nanohybrid, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and chitosan (CS) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed for the detection of nitrite. The TiO 2 –Ti 3 C 2 T X nanohybrid was synthesized by a two-step calcination process. The nanohybrid and its preparation process were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrochemical methods were used to characterize and investigate the electrochemical behavior and nitrite response of TiO 2 –Ti 3 C 2 T X /CTAB/CS/GCE. Under optimized conditions, the prepared TiO 2 –Ti 3 C 2 T X /CTAB/CS/GCE electrode displayed two linear ranges from 0.003 to 0.25 mM and 0.25 to 1.25 mM with a detection limit of 0.85 μM. Furthermore, the practical applicability of the electrochemical sensor was validated by the detection of nitrite in water and milk samples with good recovery.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 6.182
Na Zhao,Yang Hu,Jinlong Du,Gang Liu,Bowei Dong,Yuying Yang,Jing Peng,Jiuqiang Li,Maolin Zhai
Developing non-noble-metal cocatalysts is essential for the large-scale implementation of solar-driven H 2 production technology, but still remains a great challenge. In this work, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene coupled CdS nanostructures are fabricated via one-step gamma-ray radiation-induced reduction in ambient conditions. By subsequent alkaline treatment, a novel cocatalyst of carbon supported amorphous TiO 2 nanosheets (denoted as aTiO 2 -C) is derived from Ti 3 C 2 T x /CdS to form aTiO 2 -C/CdS nanocomposites. The prepared aTiO 2 -C/CdS nanocomposites with cyclability achieve a H 2 evolution rate of 1.48 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 under visible-light illumination, which is 6.4 and 7.0 times greater than that of pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x /CdS and P-CdS, respectively. The oxygen vacancies in aTiO 2 -C cocatalysts are revealed to act as electron trapping sites to facilitate the transfer of photoexcited electrons and boost photoactivity. Further, the electronic interaction between CdS and aTiO 2 -C prevents Cd 2+ from leaching and thus enhances photostability. The results of this work may guide the rational design of viable cost-effective cocatalysts in solar-to-chemical energy conversion and beyond.
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COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2019
·
IF 6.282
Krishnamoorthy Rajavel,Suibin Luo,Yanjun Wan,Xuecheng Yu,Yougen Hu,Pengli Zhu,Rong Sun,Chingping Wong
The present study deals with novel, and cost-effective preparation of 2D MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) filled polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer nanocomposite for the attenuation of electromagnetic interference (EMI). The obtained nanocomposite showed remarkable shielding effectiveness ( SE ) of 48.47 ± 3.5 dB for 22.55 vol% filler contents at a thickness of 2 mm. Formation of conducting network along with the assembly of micro capacitor network preserved for its high EMI shielding performance. The absorption dominated EMI shielding mechanism explained by the strong resonance, and interfacial polarization favors the loss of incident EM energy confirmed from dielectric measurements. Besides, the enhanced thermal conductivity of MXene-PVDF nanocomposites about 0.767 ± 0.034 Wm −1 K −1 at 22.55 vol% filler content depicts that a large amount of incident EM wave attenuated majorly by dielectric components which would be dissipated as heat quickly. The fabricated MXene-PVDF nanocomposites could be a potential candidate for EMI shielding materials and promising multifaceted electronic utilization.
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RSC Advances
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 70
·41038-41049
·
IF 3.049
Yang Wang,Jian Yang,Zhaofeng Chen,Yunlong Hu
A new ultralight carbon foam/Ti3C2TX (CF/MXene) electromagnetic (EM) absorbing hybrid with three-dimensional network structure was fabricated by vacuum impregnation and freeze-drying process. These hybrids display excellent flexibility and steady compression-resilience properties and also the special three-dimensional structure with ultralow density of only 5–7 mg cm−3 shows higher EM absorption than most foam-based EM absorbers. Studies have shown that the minimum reflection loss of CF/MXene-N2 reaches −45 dB at 8.8 GHz with the Ti3C2TX nanosheets content of 9.8%. In the meanwhile, the effective absorption bandwidth of CF/MXene-N2 can also reach up to 5 GHz (from 6.9 GHz to 11.9 GHz) with the thickness of 4.5 mm. Moreover, the fundamental EM absorption mechanism of CF/MXene hybrids involved to impedance matching, conductive loss and polarization loss is carefully analyzed. Thus, it is expected that the new ultralight carbon foam/Ti3C2TX hybrids with three-dimensional network structure will have great application prospects in the fields of EM absorption.
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