Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 13
·1891
·
IF 4.7
Guangshe Zhang,Li Zhang,Wencheng Gao,Riwei Xu,Kuke Ding
The decay of radon gas in soil and buildings produces alpha radiation, which is the second leading cause of lung cancer in humans. Therefore, by conveniently detecting radon gas in the environment, potential sources of danger can be identified early, and necessary measures can be taken to protect human health. Solid-state nuclear track detectors prepared from polyallyl diglycol carbonate (PADC) resin are the most sensitive detectors for alpha radiation released by radon gas. The traditional method of preparing PADC resin involves free radical thermal polymerization, which suffers from issues such as low polymerization efficiency, long processing time, and the occurrence of defects in the product. In this study, PADC resin was efficiently prepared using a UV initiator. Starting from the polymerization mechanism, experiments were designed using a controlled variable approach, and a rational polymerization apparatus was devised. By comparing the double bond conversion rate, transparency, hardness, and yellowness index of the polymers, the optimal initiator for PADC resin, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone (1173), was selected. The influence of irradiation intensity, irradiation time, and UV initiator dosage was investigated. The performance of the polymers, including double bond conversion rate, optical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, etching rate, and track detection efficiency, was analyzed. The experimental conditions for preparing PADC resin were optimized: irradiation intensity of 12 mW/cm2, irradiation time of 25 min, and UV initiator dosage of 5 parts. The resulting resin polymer had a double bond conversion rate of 93.2% and a track detection efficiency of 0.714.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Zhi-Hong Zhang,Shan-Shan Yan,Yu-Long Chen,Zhen-Dong Lian,Ai Fu,You-Chao Kong,Lin Li,Shi-Chen Su,Kar-Wei Ng,Zhi-Peng Wei,Hong-Chao Liu,Shuang-Peng Wang
The rapid evolution of the Internet of Things has engendered increased requirements for low-cost, self-powered UV photodetectors. Herein, high-performance self-driven UV photodetectors are fabricated by designing asymmetric metal–semiconductor–metal structures on the high-quality large-area CsCu2I3 microwire arrays. The asymmetrical depletion region doubles the photocurrent and response speed compared to the symmetric structure device, leading to a high responsivity of 233 mA/W to 355 nm radiation. Notably, at 0 V bias, the asymmetric device produces an open-circuit voltage of 356 mV and drives to a short-circuit current of 372 pA; meanwhile, the switch ratio (Iph/Idark) reaches up to 103, indicating its excellent potential for detecting weak light. Furthermore, the device maintains stable responses throughout 10000 UV-light switch cycles, with negligible degradation even after 90-day storage in air. Our work establishes that CsCu2I3 is a good candidate for self-powered UV detection and thoroughly demonstrates its potential as a passive device.
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COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Xinyu Cui,Jinxuan Chen,Weiwen Gu,Jian Liu,Hongfei Li,Xiaoyu Gu,Jun Sun,Sheng Zhang
Flame-retardant properties are crucial for polylactic acid (PLA) used in packaging, electrical, and agricultural applications. However, PLA is susceptible to degradation from ultraviolet (UV) light, limiting its longevity. This necessitates the development of PLA composites with improved flame-retardant and UV-resistant properties. Here, we synthesized a multifunctional core–shell spherical flame-retardant TA@HPDT, employing tannic acid (TA) for its effective free radical trapping capability. TA@HPDT was incorporated into PLA to enhance fire safety and UV resistance. The PLA-2 % TA@HPDT composite exhibited exceptional flame-retardant efficiency, achieving a UL-94 V-0 rating and a limiting oxygen index of 25.6. Furthermore, the addition of TA@HPDT reduced the peak heat release rate and total heat release by 16.8 % and 16.7 %, respectively. After 100 h of UV aging, the PLA composite retained 93.3 % of its mass, indicating significantly improved UV resistance. This study demonstrates a strategic approach to developing PLA composites that enhance fire performance and extend service life.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Xuqiang Zheng,Xinyu Chen,Xiaorong Guo,Jun Sun,Hongfei Li,Xiaoyu Gu,Sheng Zhang
Polypropylene (PP) has the advantages of excellent mechanical properties and easy molding, but its shortcomings such as high flammability and poor ultraviolet (UV) resistance cannot be ignored. In this paper, APP was used as the core, 1, 10-diamino-decane (DA) was used as a "bridge" to connect TA to the surface of APP, obtaining TAPP through oxidation self-polymerization. The addition of TAPP greatly improved the flame retardancy and UV resistance of PP matrix. The limiting oxygen index of the PP/22.5 %TAPP sample was increased to 31.0 %, and it was able to pass the UL-94 V-0 rating without droplet produced. Compared with PP samples, the peak heat release rate and peak smoke release rate of PP/22.5 %TAPP sample were reduced by 65.0 % and 44.7 %, respectively. In addition, the tensile strength and impact strength of PP/22.5 %TAPP samples decreased by only 2.7 % and 15.0 % after 60 h UV irradiation. The results showed that the addition of TAPP effectively improved the flame retardancy and UV aging resistance of PP. This study provides a feasible method for the preparation of anti-UV aging and flame-retardant PP composites.
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Zhe Li,Zenghui Tan,Yajun Xu,Wei Wei,Xiaojie Li,Jingcheng Liu
Lignin with increased polyhydroxyl content (LOH) was prepared via a one-pot synthesis using enzymatically hydrolyzed lignin (EHL) as the raw material. The modified structure and hydroxyl content of LOH were analyzed using FT-IR, 1 H NMR, and 31 P NMR. LOH was blended with zinc oxide (ZnO), polyester resin and hydroxyl alkyl amide (HAA) to prepare polyester powder coatings. The anti-UV properties of the coating were significantly enhanced by the addition of LOH and ZnO. The coating exhibits exceptional adhesion, rating at level 0, and achieves a pencil hardness of 7H. The gel time for the coating is 195 s, and it has a 5-degree Celsius increase in melting temperature, which greatly enhances its storage stability. Considering a range of factors, the formula LOH7.5 % has been identified as the optimal composition. The results of this study demonstrate an easy approach to developing sustainable lignin-based powder coatings with excellent properties.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Shuhao Li,Xin Zhong,Ji Sun,Huanwen Xu,Shengmei Zhang,Qingming Li,Chengbo Zhou
Common broad-spectrum ultraviolet (UV) filters—oxybenzone (OBZ), avobenzone (AVB), octocrylene (OCR), and octinoxate (OMC)—can accumulate in natural environment at concentrations toxic to plants, yet their mechanisms of toxicity remain unclear. In this study, pakchoi ( Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis ) was individually exposed to these UV filters, and transcriptomic analysis revealed that approximately 8,500 genes were differentially expressed, especially those related to photosynthesis, antioxidant defense, nitrogen use, and amino acid biosynthesis. All four UV filters inhibited plant growth through multiple pathways, but their toxicological profiles differed. AVB, OCR, and OMC primarily suppressed genes involved in photosynthesis, reducing light capture and carbon fixation. In contrast, OBZ exposure upregulated photosynthetic genes, likely as a compensatory mechanism. All treatments triggered oxidative stress, indicated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of damage biomarkers, which activated antioxidant defenses; notably, OMC markedly increased peroxidase activity, possibly reinforcing cell wall resilience. UV filter treatments also impaired nitrogen assimilation by downregulating key enzymes, leading to increased nitrate uptake, and disrupted amino acid balance, with selective increases and decreases among amino acids. These combined physiological changes resulted in pronounced growth inhibition in pakchoi. The findings advance understanding of UV filter phytotoxicity and inform strategies for mitigating their environmental impact.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Wenzhe Niu,Yutao Yang,Zhangyan Shi,Yuedong Xing,Jianben Xu,Xiang Xu,Faai Zhang
With global ozone layer depletion, developing sustainable ultraviolet (UV)-shielding materials with high environmental persistence has emerged as a critical challenge. Conventional UV-shielding agents face limitations in biodegradability and durability. In contrast, rosin, a natural biomass featuring hydrogenated phenanthrene rings and π-conjugated systems, exhibits exceptional UV absorption (200–400 nm). In this study, we synergistically integrated dynamic hindered urea bonds (HUBs) with rosin-derived motifs to construct multifunctional rosin-based poly(urethane-urea) networks. Four diisocyanate-derived prepolymers were synthesized and subsequently copolymerized with rosin derivatives via UV curing. The isocyanate architectures were found to govern hydrogen-bonding density, mechanical adaptability (tensile strength: 3.9–16.4 MPa; toughness: 8–19.9 MJ·m–3), and self-healing performance (88.6% within 24 h at 60 °C). The optimized material achieved 95% UV-A and 100% UV-B shielding efficiencies while maintaining chemical stability (acid, alkali, and high temperature environments). Reversible HUBs further enable recyclability and programmable shape-memory behavior. These features highlight the material’s potential for advanced applications such as smart protective coatings and flexible electronic encapsulation.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
Le Li,Yifan Liu,Haishun Zhang,Huajie Shen,Xiaoxuan Yin,Haoyi Li,Honggang Peng,Songsong Zhou,Yunpeng Liu
This study proposes a modification strategy for polyurea (PU) using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) loaded with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) to enhance the ultraviolet (UV) aging resistance of PU materials. TiO 2 –HNT nanocomposite fillers were prepared through the surface loading modification, and the effects of different TiO 2 –HNT concentrations (2–10 wt%) on the structural, hydrophobic, and dielectric properties of PU composites were systematically investigated. Through the analysis of the test results, we discovered an interesting phenomenon: the UV shielding performance of the nanocomposite enhances the UV resistance of PU at low content levels, whereas at high content levels, the photocatalytic effect of TiO 2 accelerates PU degradation. With 4 wt% TiO 2 –HNT loading, PU exhibited the best stability and achieved a 76.4% enhancement in dielectric constant while maintaining hydrophobicity (contact angle >110°). After 300 h of accelerated UV aging, the optimized PU retained 83.9% of its initial breakdown strength, outperforming pure PU (76.1% retention), and its dielectric loss was 25.8% lower than that of pure PU. The developed nanocomposite offers a green and efficient solution for enhancing the durability and stability of insulation materials in high-voltage transmission systems.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 3
·2413903
·
IF 18.5
Mengxin Yu,Yalin Zhai,Kai Xu,Ruijie Song,Peng Wan,Daning Shi,Caixia Kan,Xiaosheng Fang,Mingming Jiang
Low-dimensional ternary silver halide (CsAg 2 I 3 ), an emerging inorganic lead-free perovskite, has garnered significant scientific attention due to its strong quantum confinement effects, wide bandgaps, non-toxicity, and others. However, the photophysical properties and optoelectronic performance of CsAg 2 I 3 materials and devices are significantly compromised by crystal quality and defects arising from liquid-phase preparation. Herein, 1D CsAg 2 I 3 single crystals newly grown by the chemical vapor deposition method are reported. These crystals display exceptional quality and stability over a 3-month period despite exposure to air and moisture. The high in-plane anisotropic structure, phonon vibrations, and refractive index of CsAg 2 I 3 crystals are also experimentally elucidated. Polarization-sensitive ultraviolet photodetector based on the CsAg 2 I 3 monocrystal features a responsivity of 139 mA W −1 , a specific detectivity of 1.05 × 10 11 cm Hz 1/2 W −1 , an ultra-fast photoresponse speed of 48.2/69.1 µs, and a dichroic ratio of 2.66 upon 360 nm irradiation at −5.0 V bias. The photodetector excels amongst its competitors, moving toward the potential application of rapid optical anti-counterfeiting identification. This work, which leverages grown high-crystalline and highly stable CsAg 2 I 3 monocrystals, holds promises for advancing this functional material into a robust next-generation optoelectronic devices capable of probing sensitive optical sensing and specific azimuth recognition.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Xiaoshun Wei,Xuechun Yang,Yun Guo,Guohao Li,Yinzhong Liu,Lingli Cheng,Zheng Jiao
Being one of toxic and flammable volatile organic compounds (VOC), n-butanol has brought about many potential health risks, there is an urgent demand for highly sensitive detection techniques to monitor its concentration in occupational environments and the air. In this paper, Ce-doped MOF:ZnO sensors under UV activation for room-temperature detection of n-butanol were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and systemically characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, and XPS. The sensitive performances were evaluated by the use of a WS-30A gas sensor measurement system. The results showed that Ce doping has significantly enhanced the sensitivity of the MOF:ZnO sensors, and the response value of the 0.08 % Ce-doped ZnO sensor has achieved to 397.30, which was 9.32 times higher than that of the pristine MOF:ZnO. And the response and recovery times were 17 and 117 s respectively, demonstrating a speedy detection capability. In addition, the sensor gained excellent stability and reproducibility with special selectivity for n-butanol. The comprehensive achievements of this research would be promising to promote the development of volatile organic compound detection technology and beneficial to the well application in the fields of environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and public health.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Ling Sun,Song Liu,Guoqi Wu,Huangzhe Shen,Yu Zhu,Weichen Huang,Haozhe Huang,Daizhong Peng,Shaohua Zeng,Jun Guan
The application of polylactic acid (PLA) is still restricted due to its suboptimal mechanical and thermal properties, as well as its vulnerability to oxidative degradation under ultraviolet light (UV). To enhance these properties, fluorine, nitrogen, sulfur-doped carbon dots (FNS-CDs) were fabricated in this study and further employed as nano-reinforcing materials for PLA. Here, FNS-CDs were obtained via the solvothermal method, with citric acid and 3-fluoroaniline serving as carbon, fluorine, and nitrogen sources, while dimethylsulfoxide functioned as the solvent and sulfur source. Subsequently, PLA-based composites were produced by the melt blending technique through blending FNS-CDs with PLA. With the optimal loading of FNS-CDs, the resulting PLA-based composites exhibited remarkable strength and toughness, excellent thermal stability, and efficient UV resistance. Compared with pure PLA, the tensile strength and tensile toughness of PLA-based composites containing 1.5 wt% FNS-CDs increased by 81.4 % and 147.6 % respectively, the crystallinity rose by 25.5 %, and the UV-resistance value was also significantly enhanced. This research demonstrates the considerable potential applications of doped carbon dots in the field of high performance and multi-functional polymer composites.
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SENSORS
·
2024
·Vol. 24
·期 3
·787
·
IF 3.4
Yupeng Zhang,Ruiheng Zhou,Xinyan Liu,Zhengyu Bi,Shengping Ruan,Yan Ma,Xin Li,Caixia Liu,Yu Chen,Jingran Zhou
β-Ga2O3photodetectors have the advantages of low dark current and strong radiation resistance in UV detection. However, the limited photocurrent has restricted their applications. Herein, MSM UV photodetectors based on (InxGa1−x)2O3(x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) by a sol-gel method were fabricated and studied. The doping of indium ions in Ga2O3leads to lattice distortion and promotes the formation of oxygen vacancies. The oxygen vacancies in (InxGa1−x)2O3can be modulated by various proportions of indium, and the increased oxygen vacancies contribute to the enhancement of electron concentration. The results show that the amorphous In0.4Ga1.6O3photodetector exhibited improved performances, including a high light-to-dark current ratio (2.8 × 103) and high responsivity (739.2 A/W). This work provides a promising semiconductor material In0.4Ga1.6O3for high-performance MSM UV photodetectors.
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