SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Song Han,Yun Zhao,Mina Liang,Jinshui Su,Xiangxiong Zhai,Qi Zhang,Guoling Li,Zhonghai Ni
The photocatalytic cleavage of C α -C β bonds in lignin holds considerable potential for the production of value-added chemicals. Lignin consists of phenylpropane units interconnected by a variety of complex chemical bonds. Specifically, C-O bonds are more prevalent and relatively easier to cleave, whereas C–C bonds exhibit higher bond energy, rendering them more difficult to cleavage under conventional conditions. This study presents a phosphotungstic acid/phosphoric acid-functionalized porous tubular C 3 N 4 composite photocatalyst (PW/P-TCN). H 3 PO 4 modified PW/P-TCN surfaces enhance O 2 adsorption, improve separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers, and increase exposure of active sites. This promotes reactant adsorption and significantly boosts photocatalytic efficiency. Through this strategy, 1,2-diphenylethanol (DPol), used as a typical model substrate, is fully converted into aromatic monomers, achieving a DPol conversion rate of 99.9 %. Mechanistic studies reveal that C α -C β bond cleavage primarily involves the photo-oxidation mechanism mediated by electron-hole coupling. The construction of the PW/P-TCN heterojunction is essential for simultaneously sustaining robust reduction and oxidation capabilities. Natural lignin samples are applied to the photocatalytic system, and successful C–C bond cleavage depolymerization is achieved under optimal reaction conditions. This study offers valuable insights for the design of more economical and efficient photocatalysts for lignin depolymerization.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2018
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IF 11.698
Yi Liu,Yuliu Liu,Yi Zhang
Aqueous-phase hydrogenation of glucose to lower diols (ethylene glycol (EG), 1, 2-propylene glycol (PG), and butanediol (BDO)) over bi-functional Ru-W supported catalysts was investigated in a continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor. A variety of catalysts based on different supports including mesoporous SiO 2 , activated carbon (AC), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and bulk WO 3 were compared and examined by N 2 physisorption, H 2 chemisorption, XRD, TEM, ICP, H 2 -TPR, in-situ / ex-situ XPS, NH 3 -TPD, and Raman spectra. The results indicate that the lower diols yield is highly dependent on the synergistic effect of Ru metal sites and WO x acid sites, in other words, strongly depending on the competitive reactions of the glucose. Abundant W 4+ and Ru° sites on Ru-W/SiO 2 catalysts with large specific surface area effectively catalyze the selective cleavage of the C C bonds in glucose and subsequent hydrogenation to lower diols, resulting in 100% glucose conversion as well as highest diols selectivity (87.3%) over 50 h reaction at 478 K and 4 MPa H 2 . Meanwhile, the Ru/WO 3 with much lower surface area forms more W 5+ species, which is advantageous to producing more EG products (55.9%) at the same reaction conditions.
研究领域:
催化化学
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生物质转化
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绿色化学
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多相催化
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能源化工
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 29
·13042-13055
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IF 7.6
Lau Chun-Yin,Li Xinwei,Zhang Yanlin,Rangarajan Goutham,Tse Ho-Yin,Zhuang Huichuan,Leu Shao-Yuan,Farnood Ramin R.
In this study, an amorphous carbon-rich carbon nitride photocatalyst was prepared by nitric acid treatment of pyrolyzed melamine followed by nitrogen annealing. The resulting semiconductor material exhibited an up-shifted valence band that enhances the oxidizing power of photogenerated holes, enabling selective C α −C β bond cleavage of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (2-POE). Using 1.5 g L −1 of the optimized photocatalyst in acetonitrile, 2-POE underwent first-order conversion with a reaction rate of 2.55 h −1 under a 9 W blue LED light source. Product analysis showed the formation of benzaldehyde as the major product, confirming C−C bond scission with 93.1% selectivity. In addition, ring-opening reactions were observed, producing fumaric and maleic acids as the by-products. Photocatalytic depolymerization of organosolv lignin further demonstrated ring opening of the β-O-4 linking motifs, forming dicarboxylic acids analogous to those generated from 2-POE. These demonstrate a metal-free photocatalytic platform capable of promoting β-O-4 bond cleavage in lignin model compounds and inducing photocatalytic structural modification of organosolv lignin, accompanied by the formation of low-molecular-weight aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2026
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IF 17.2
Wenhui Li,Yangbo Liu,Yilin Zhang,Qingwen Yang,Hong Yang,Xiaowa Nie,Xinwen Guo
The hydrogenation of CO 2 into high-value-added chemicals represents one of the most effective strategies for mitigating the greenhouse effect and addressing the energy crisis. In this study, the incorporation of Pt into Co-based catalysts is utilized to modulate the CO competitive adsorption capacity and reaction pathways, thereby significantly enhances the C–C coupling and the selectivity of C 2+ hydrocarbons during CO 2 hydrogenation. The formation of PtCo alloy in the catalysts is confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in-situ X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy analyses. The study reveals that the presence of PtCo alloy alters the competitive adsorption behavior of CO and CO 2 on the catalyst, and enables CO to replace CO 2 as the strongly adsorbed species on the catalyst. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the PtCo alloy exhibits enhanced CO adsorption energy and reduced formation energy barrier for formate compared with pure Co. This is responsible for the emergence of an additional formate pathway on the PtCo catalyst. Consequently, the 2%PtCo catalyst achieves a C 2+ selectivity of 18.5% under conditions of 350 °C and 3 MPa, markedly higher than the 1.9% over the pure Co catalyst. PtCo catalysts possesses 83.6 mmol·g –1 ·h –1 C 2+ yield, outperforming the Fe-based reference catalyst by a factor of 4. The study presents a novel catalyst design concept for increasing C 2+ selectivity through regulating the competitive adsorption between intermediate and reactant.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
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2025
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IF 5.6
Yixin Zhao,Chenxi Guo,Lei Chen,Xin Yang,Qizhong Huang
CeB 6 modified C/C-SiC-ZrC composites were designed by using slurry infiltration and precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method combined with high temperature treatment. Experimental results show that both adding CeB 6 and heat treatment could improve the ablative performance of C/C-SiC-ZrC composites significantly. Thermal conductivity of the composites can be optimized by high temperature treatment, accelerating the heat transfer of the composites in the ablation process. The heat treated C/C-SiC-ZrC-CeB 6 composites with high content of CeB 6 exhibit enhanced ablation performance at about 2600 °C, and the mass and linear ablation rates of the composites are 0.37 mg/s and 3.33 μm/s, respectively. The phase transition of ZrO 2 phases was suppressed by (Zr 1-x Ce x )O 2 solid solution phases which were uniformly distributed at the grain boundaries of ZrO 2 grains, resulting in the superior stability of the ZrO 2 scales under the scouring of the oxyacetylene flame.
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Nanoscale
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2025
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IF 5.1
Junhao Hu,Mengzhu Liu,Yuqi Zhai,Yongpeng Wang
C nanofibers dotted with square Fe@C crystals derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with a novel 3D hierarchical architecture were successfully prepared through electrospinning, hydrothermal processing, and high-temperature pyrolysis. The introduction of carbon nanofibers endowed the particles with directional action and mechanical support, inhibiting local agglomeration and the collapse of the Fe@C crystals. The unique overall 3D porous structure with micro-concavities on its surface provided sufficient paths for electromagnetic wave transmission, abundant heterostructured interfaces for interfacial polarization and a connected network for conductive loss. The appropriate combination of the magnetic Fe@C crystals with dielectric carbon nanofibers optimized the impedance matching. Benefitting from the ingenious design, the composites exhibited excellent electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) performances. FC1–30 was found to exhibit a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −28.09 dB at a thickness of 5.5 mm and a widest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 1.1 GHz at a thickness of 2.5 mm. FC1–10 showed a RLmin of −20.82 dB at a thickness of 3.0 mm and a broadest EAB of 3.8 GHz at a thickness of only 1.5 mm. The preparation process was optimized, and the influence of the filler loading ratio on EWA performance was investigated. The EWA mechanism has been discussed in detail. The study provides an opportunity for the development of advanced electromagnetic devices with integrated structure and function.
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PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2017
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IF 6.32
Yaoyao Zhao,Hansen Zhao,Xu Zhao,Jia Jia,Qiang Ma,Sichun Zhang,Xinrong Zhang,Hitoshi Chiba,Shu-Ping Hui,Xiaoxiao Ma
Unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) serve as nutrients, energy sources, and signaling molecules for organisms, which are the major components for a large variety of lipids. However, structural characterization and quantitation of unsaturated FAs by mass spectrometry remain an analytical challenge. Here, we report the coupling of epoxidation reaction of the C═C in unsaturated FAs and tandem mass spectrometry (MS) for rapid and accurate identification and quantitation of C═C isomers of FAs in a shotgun lipidomics approach. Epoxidation of the C═C leads to the production of an epoxide which, upon collision induced dissociation (CID), produces abundant diagnostic ions indicative of the C═C location. The total intensity of the same set of diagnostic ions for one specific FA C═C isomer was also used for its relative and absolute quantitation. The simple experimental setup, rapid reaction kinetics (<2 min), high reaction yield (>90% for monounsaturated FAs), and easy-to-interpret tandem MS spectra enable a promising methodology particularly for the analysis of unsaturated FAs in complex biological samples such as human plasma and animal tissues.
研究领域:
生物化学
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分析化学
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代谢组学
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TRANSPLANT IMMUNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 1.6
Shaohua Wu,Xiao-ling Liang,Xunfeng Zou
Background Prolonged cold ischemia (pCI) is a well-established risk factor for both acute kidney injury and chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). The chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) plays a pivotal role in sustaining chronic inflammation. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of pCI on functional role of CCL2 in the pathogenesis CAN in a rat model of renal transplantation. Method Isogenic (Lewis to Lewis) and allogenic (Fisher 344 to Lewis) kidney transplants (KTx) were performed, with donor kidneys subjected to cold storage for either 2 h or 12 h. Animals were thus divided into four groups: iso-2 h, iso-12 h, allo-2 h, and allo-12 h. In the allo-12 h group, a subset of recipients received the CCL2 inhibitor cenicriviroc (CVC) as the allo12h + CVC group. Recipients were monitored for up to 90 days post-transplantation. Results At day 90 post-implantation, allografts exhibited significant fibrosis and markedly impaired renal function in the animaols with pCI, as indicated by higher total Banff scores and lower creatinine clearance rates ( P < 0.05). In contrast, these changes were not evident in isografts with pCI. The levels of of macrophages and M1 activation in the Allo-12 h group were increased, as demonstrated by elevated expression levels of CD68 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); which were significantly mitigated by CVC treatment. Furthermore, during the acute phase (day 7 post-surgery), pCI caused severe acute kidney injury and induced a higher infiltration of CD3 + lymphocytes in the allografts compared to the isografts ( P < 0.05). Additionally, the CCL2 receptor CCR2 positive cells showed a substantial increase in the Allo-12 h group, concomitant with upregulation of CCL2 expression in allografts compared to isografts. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that chemokine CCL2 involves in the development of CAN, through recruitment of inflammatory cells during the acute phase following surgery.
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PubMed
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 3.7
Jia Yuan,Yang Ziyi,Yang Juxiang,Li Beibei,Liu Zhen
Hyperbranched polysiloxanes (HBPSi) are novel non-conjugated polymers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and modifiable terminals, and have attracted attention due to their unique topology and functional potential. In this study, two AIE-active HBPSi derivatives (OA-HBPSi and IBO-HBPSi, where OA stands for oleic acid and IBO stands for isobutyric acid) containing C=C and acyloxy groups were successfully synthesized via transesterification. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) was used to characterize their molecular weight distributions; Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state Photoluminescence (PL) were employed to elucidate their structure-property relationships. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometry were applied to investigate their AIE behavior under solvent concentration gradients, with a focus on luminescence mechanisms. The results showed a non-monotonic relationship between fluorescence intensity and the molecular weight (M w ) of HBPSi derivatives: fluorescence intensity is enhanced with moderate M w elevation but reduced at excessively high M w due to molecular packing effects and acyloxy group rotation. Notably, as the volume fraction of CCl 4 reached the range that induces significant polymer aggregation, the intensities of both excitation peaks (266–294 nm, UV region) and emission peaks (440–460 nm, blue visible region) increased exponentially—this trend reflects the dependence of blue luminescence on polymer aggregation degree, supporting the proposed cluster-induced emission hypothesis. Consistent with FTIR spectral shifts and solvent-dependent PL behavior, we propose a mechanism hypothesis: the AIE of these derivatives originates from the synergy of “non-conjugated functional group clusters” in the polymers. Cluster-induced electronic delocalization and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between C=C and acyloxy groups may facilitate exciton radiative transitions, while the 3D hyperbranched spatial hindrance restricts excessive intermolecular aggregation—collectively suppressing non-radiative transition pathways. Graphical abstract
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CARBON
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2020
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IF 8.821
Shuyue Yao,Yujie Ma,Tianhao Xu,Zhongyue Wang,Peng Lv,Jiajin Zheng,Chen Ma,Kehan Yu,Wei Wei,Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Carbon coatings hold great promise for next-generation non-conductive energy storage nanomaterials . However, simplicity, stable, uniformity and high-performance remain unresolved issues. Here, unique synergy of the fluidized bed reactor with plasmas enables highly-effective, single-step fluidized-bed plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (FB-PECVD) of uniform, low-temperature carbon coatings on TiO 2 nano-powder (TiO 2 @C). Plasma-specific effects induce the formation of new phases that are beneficial for energy storage. The 6 nm carbon layer is grown within only 10 min, while the TiO 2 maintains its anatase phase. The unique plasma conditions make it possible to form Ti–C bonds at the Ti/C interface at much lower temperatures than achievable otherwise. The electronic transport at the interface and structural stability are thus greatly improved. Consequently, TiO 2 @C shows excellent electrochemical performances as a negative electrode of sodium ion battery , such as specific discharge capacity of 290.2 mA h g −1 at 50 mA g −1 and very stable long-term cyclability (101.2% capacity retention over 300 cycles at 4000 mA g −1 ). Our results show that FB-PECVD is not only a versatile method for bond-reinforced interface nanoparticle coating with carbon, but also provide a new strategy for designing hybrid-phase electrochemically active nanocomposite materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米科技
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电化学
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能源存储
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无机非金属材料
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表面工程
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功能材料
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INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 3.1
Mengyuan Cao,Min Li,Yizhuo Yan,Yifan Wu,Li Su,Jinghan Dai,Cong Wang,Xin Lv,Yan Zhang,Wupeng Ge,Baowei Yang
Goat milk is nutritionally valuable and ranks as the second most consumed dairy in China, with Shaanxi Province being the national leader. However, systematic studies on regional quality variations, grading and spoilage mechanisms of it remain limited. In this study, 124 raw milk samples were collected from 14 major dairy goat breeding areas across Shaanxi. Our results revealed that significant spatiotemporal variations, and long-distance transportation affected milk quality by increasing microbial loads and reducing fat content ( P < 0.05). The grading model demonstrated high accuracy (91.8%) and reliability (AUC = 98.4%), with fat content being the most critical biomarker. Storage at 10 °C accelerated spoilage compared to 4 °C, with marked enrichment of Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae . Multi-omics analysis identified seven genus-level microbial biomarkers and five key metabolites, which are linked to goat milk spoilage. This study provides a data-driven tool for raw goat milk quality assessment and grading, reveals core microbiological and metabolic mechanisms, and offers crucial insights for quality control in the dairy industry.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2023
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IF 22.1
Qingqing Zhang,Yi-Chun Chu,Zhulan Liu,Mei Hong,Weiwei Fang,Xin-Ping Wu,Xue-Qing Gong,Zupeng Chen
Photocatalytic lignin depolymerization emerges as a sustainable and cost-competitive strategy to produce low-molecular-weight aromatic chemicals from renewable resources. Significant efforts have been devoted to engineering C−C bond cleavage photocatalysts with diverse compositional and morphologic characteristics in the past decade. We herein present a facile photocatalytic strategy of promoting C−C bond cleavage in lignin models to achieve high-yield aromatic monomers over triazine-heptazine-based carbon nitride heterojunctions, exceeding the triazine- or heptazine-based counterparts. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the photo-excited electron and hole synergistically trigger the C−C bond cleavage. A combination of experimental results and theoretical calculations confirms that the improved photocatalytic performance is primarily attributed to the accelerated charge carriers separation and migration induced by the built-in electric field at the heterojunction interface, and the facilitated C β -radical generation. These findings highlight the effectiveness of interfacial engineering of intramolecular heterostructures towards the rational promotion of photocatalytic cleavage of C−C bond in lignin models.
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