CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2017
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IF 4.811
Jie Liang,Xia Dong,Chang Wei,Guilei Ma,Tianjun Liu,Deling Kong,Feng Lv
The real-time controlling and tracking of the evolution and status of the hydrogel are important challenges for accurate and precise assessments. In this article, a visible and controllable hydrogel nanocomposites system for photo response was designed and developed based on a thermosensitive porphyrin-poly(ethylene glycol)/α-cyclodextrin hydrogel loaded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PPEG-MWNTs/α-CD). The PPEG-MWNTs/α-CD hydrogel was simply self-assembled with a carbon nanotubes dispersed porphyrin-poly(ethylene glycol) solution and an aqueous solution of α-cyclodextrin by homogeneous stirring. The structure and the optical and photothermal abilities of the hydrogel nanocomposites system were characterized in vitro. Moreover, the controlled disassembly of the hydrogel was monitored in real time by in vivo fluorescence imaging after subcutaneous injection using mice as models. The results demonstrated that the hydrogel disassembly can be efficiently accelerated under laser irradiation with the loading of carbon nanotubes by fluorescence imaging visualization. With the advantages of the photo response, fluorescence imaging tracking and photothermal remote controlling were combined into the hydrogel nanocomposites system.
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Materials Today Chemistry
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2026
·
IF 7.4
Jinlu Yang,Jiachen Zhang,Yike Wu,Jinhu Liang,Que Huang,Changcheng Liu,Jinhu Li
This study reports the fabrication of a dual-network phase-change hydrogel composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), gelatin (Gel), and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC). The primary network is formed via a dynamic Schiff base reaction between OCMC and Gel, whereas the secondary network is constructed through multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions among PEG, Gel, and OCMC. This dual-crosslinked architecture markedly enhances the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the material. The resultant hydrogel exhibits robust adhesive performance, which facilitates its practical application. The hydrogel possesses a phase-change enthalpy of 108.94 J/g and a thermal conductivity of 0.50 W/(m·K), thus enabling efficient thermal regulation. Preliminary human trials demonstrate a sustained and significant localized cooling effect. Additionally, the material displays favorable mechanical properties, low leakage rates, and excellent cyclic stability. These characteristics stem from the synergistic interactions between the covalent and hydrogen-bonded networks, which construct a stable microenvironment for PEG and endow it with highly reversible crystallization–melting behavior. In summary, the hydrogel developed in this work exhibits considerable potential for applications in thermal energy storage, smart textiles, and biomedical dressings.
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JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
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2026
·
IF 3.1
Xiaoyan Zhang,Shuang Feng,Ziluo Zhang,Chuya Wang,Yongshan Ai,Yalin Xi,Lei Yin,Meiyun Shi
This study established a robust and selective ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method to investigate the excretion behavior of polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG1K) oligomers (N = 13–26) in rats. PEG is widely used in pharmaceutical applications, particularly in drug delivery systems, yet detailed excretion profiles of lower molecular weight PEGs remain insufficiently characterized. The developed method utilized ammonium adducts ([M+NH₄]⁺) as precursor ions in multiple reaction monitoring mode, enabling sensitive and high-throughput quantification of individual oligomers in biological matrices. Following intravenous administration in rats, excretion kinetics were monitored over 48 hours. Cumulative recovery analysis revealed that renal excretion was the dominant elimination pathway, accounting for 47.30–68.52% of the administered dose in urine, while fecal excretion represented only 0.66–3.38%. These findings provide critical insights into the in vivo disposition of PEG1K, supporting its safety evaluation and rational application in drug formulation. The presented analytical platform offers a reliable tool for polymer pharmacokinetic studies.
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PubMed
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Nanomaterials
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 12
·726
·
IF 4.8
Chao Shi,Yixian Wang,Zimai Wang,Yumo Tian,Kuanlin Chen,Linyang Li,Xianhaoyan Chen,Yuan Cai,Tuo Wang
Advanced lithography, including electron beam lithography (EBL), X-ray lithography (XRL), and extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL), imposes stringent requirements on photoresists in resolution, sensitivity, and process compatibility, thereby driving the development of metal-containing hybrid resists and vapor-phase deposition strategies. However, existing Hf-based dry hybrid photoresists often struggle to provide sufficient dissolution contrast for clean pattern formation under mild development, as unexposed regions are not fully removed. In this work, an ether-containing hafnium-based photoresist was fabricated by molecular layer deposition (MLD). Incorporation of the diethylene glycol (DEG)-derived ether unit modifies the local coordination environment of the hybrid film and enhances the removability of the unexposed regions, enabling removal in 0.1 M HCl. FTIR and XPS analyses reveal that exposure disrupts Hf-O-C coordination motifs and converts the initial hybrid network into a more HfOx-rich, less soluble framework. This combination of enhanced solubility in the unexposed regions and exposure-induced stabilization in the exposed regions establishes sufficient dissolution contrast for mild-acid negative-tone development. E-beam tests show a critical dose of approximately 250 μC·cm−2and reproducible patterning down to 50 nm. These results identify DEG-mediated ether incorporation as an effective route to improving developer compatibility in Hf-based MLD dry resists.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Xingyi Li,Siqi Lu,Jiahui Lu,Yupeng Chen,Yuming He,Chaoshuo Huang,Lingyu Zhao,Fang Xu,Minkun Cai,Jidong Shi
Continuous monitoring of spinal kinematics is crucial for posture correction and rehabilitation, yet conventional approaches like radiological imaging and camera-based motion capture are limited by snapshot-only information and the reliance on specialized medical equipment. Wearable sensor arrays enable spinal monitoring by tracking the critical muscular deformation, while the inter-channel discrepancies within a sensor array usually leads to compromised accuracy in deformation mapping. Herein, we report a graphene-based piezoresistive sensor array with minimized inter-channel discrepancy (4.12% difference in baseline resistance across 8 channels) for spinal monitoring. The high inter-channel consistency is achieved through a printing-and-transfer methodology employing photo paper as the intermediate substrate, which overcome the intrinsic incompatibility between graphene dispersion and stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate for homogeneous film deposition. Moreover, propylene glycol (PG) is applied as the ink-engineering additive, which not only improve the printability of graphene dispersion, but also enable a high-yield film transfer from photo paper to PDMS substrate through forming an interim layer at the graphene-photo paper interface. For spinal kinetics monitoring, the sensor array could differentiate 6 trunk postures with a classification accuracy of 95.4% using machine learning algorithm. This work provides a scalable platform for daily spinal health tracking, enabling disease prevention and rehabilitation monitoring.
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MOLECULES
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2026
·Vol. 31
·期 17
·3001
·
IF 5.1
Wentao Li,Ying Liu,Xingchao Wang,Xiaohan Jiang,Lingyang Liu
Aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) have attracted considerable attention for safe and sustainable energy storage; however, their practical application under variable temperature conditions remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing at low temperatures, accelerated water-related side reactions at elevated temperatures, and the instability of zinc electrode reactions. Herein, a diethylene glycol (DG)-based aqueous electrolyte was developed to improve the wide-temperature electrochemical performance of ZIHCs. The effects of different DG concentrations on electrolyte properties, molecular interactions, and electrochemical behavior were systematically investigated. The incorporation of an appropriate amount of DG regulates the hydrogen bond interactions among water molecules, thereby reducing water-related side reactions and improving zinc reversibility. Among the investigated electrolytes, the optimized DW80 electrolyte achieves balanced performance in terms of safety, low-temperature tolerance, and electrochemical stability. Benefiting from the optimized electrolyte composition, Zn||Zn symmetric cells exhibit stable long-term cycling performance, and the assembled ZIHCs demonstrate reliable operation over a wide temperature range from −40 to 60 °C. This work highlights the importance of optimizing cosolvent content and provides a simple strategy for improving the temperature adaptability of aqueous zinc-based energy storage systems.
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Lubricants
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 6
·222
·
IF 3.6
Haiyang Wang,Zhongyi He,Zongbin Wang,Haodi Zhang,Liping Xiong,Xiaogang Jiang
This study investigates spherical methyl silicone resin, a potentially environmentally friendly additive free of sulfur, phosphorus, and chlorine, as a lubricant additive in polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) base oils. We evaluated concentration-response characteristics and tribological performance across PEG base oils containing 0.01–0.05 wt% resin. Tribological testing was conducted with a four-ball wear tester at 98 N and 1450 rpm for 30 min. All tested concentrations demonstrated excellent friction-reduction and anti-wear performance, with an optimal efficacy observed at 0.02 wt%. Surface characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. This friction-reducing and anti-wear performance is attributed to the formation of silicon-oxygen species and graphene-like carbon structures, thereby effectively suppressing direct surface contact and mitigating wear. Consequently, spherical methyl silicone resin demonstrates considerable potential as a green lubricant additive for bearing steel applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
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2026
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IF 4
Yancong Yin,Zhiwei Zhang,Fumin Wang,Xubin Zhang,Bingxin Zhu,Yang Qin,Jinhua Shi,Kaihao Li,Guodong Zhu,Qi Shen,Changhao Bing,Qingzhao Liu,Zheng Wang,Qingshan zhao
Electronic-grade propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) plays a vital role in the semiconductor industry. The direct synthesis of PGMEA from propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PM) and acetic acid (HAC) is inherently limited by reaction equilibrium constraints. The reactive distillation (RD) process effectively addresses this equilibrium limitation by utilizing an entrainer to continuously remove reaction products from the system. A significant enhancement in reaction conversion is achieved through this approach. In the reactive distillation process, PM, as one of the reactants, is utilized as the water-entraining agent, which enables simultaneous promotion of the forward reaction via water removal and prevention of impurity introduction, as no external entrainer is required. At the beginning, the reaction kinetics model for PGMEA synthesis is established to precisely elucidate the influence of temperature and concentration on the progress. Furthermore, reactive distillation experiments and process simulation studies are conducted, and two highly feasible and broadly applicable processes for high-purity PGMEA production are yielded ultimately. Through the study, a high-purity PGMEA product is provided as distillation feedstock for subsequent purification steps to achieve electronic-grade product specifications.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Qiang Ren,Jiongliang Yuan,Donglin Song,Xinlu Xiong,Jianjun Wei,Xu Xiang
Pd/NiFe LDH heterointerfaces are constructed for electrooxidation of EG to GA. • Pd/NiFe LDH/NF reaches 100 mA cm −2 at 0.58 V vs. RHE for EGOR. • Pd/NiFe LDH heterointerface enhances OH – adsorption and weakens GA adsorption. The electrooxidation of ethylene glycol (EG) to glycolic acid (GA) is limited by poor OH – adsorption on Pd-based catalysts. In this work, a Pd/NiFe LDH/NF heterostructured catalyst was constructed by depositing Pd on NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) supported on nickel foam (NF) for efficient ethylene glycol electrooxidation (EGOR). The Pd/NiFe LDH heterointerface regulates the electronic structure of Pd sites, thereby enhancing the adsorption and activation of EG on Pd sites. And the heterointerface facilitates OH – adsorption, which promotes the conversion of C2 oxygenated intermediates toward GA. Moreover, Pd/NiFe LDH/NF shows relatively weak adsorption toward GA, which favors GA release from active sites and suppresses its further oxidation. Through this interfacial electronic modulation, Pd/NiFe LDH/NF delivers excellent EGOR performance, reaching 100 mA cm −2 at 0.58 V vs. RHE and achieving a maximum GA Faradaic efficiency of 95.7%. This work provides an interfacial design strategy for regulating EGOR over Pd-based catalysts and improving GA selectivity. Download: Download high-res image (98KB) Download: Download full-size image
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INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Tian-hua Li,De-jin Ma,Su-yu Yang,Shu-tong Li,Jun-jie Yu,Yang Liu,Yang Yu,Liang Kong,Xue-tao Li,Juan Zang
Bacterial pneumonia remains a critical global health challenge due to antibiotic resistance, biofilm-mediated drug tolerance, and unregulated inflammatory damage. Conventional therapies fail to address these interconnected issues, necessitating innovative delivery systems that combine antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions. Given the microacidic environment of infected tissues, we developed an environmentally responsive micelle (FA-Cip/Ag-Ms) capable of targeting pseudomonas aeruginosa infected lungs, reducing bacterial load and suppressing inflammation. The micelle is self-assembled from the biblock copolymer PEG-Hyd-PCL, which was acid-sensitive due to the presence of hydrazone bond. The antibacterial agent ciprofloxacin (Cip) and the anti-inflammatory andrographolide(Ag) were encapsulated, while folate acid (FA) served as a targeting ligand on the surface. We characterized FA-Cip/Ag-Ms by (Alhajj et al., 2022 [ 1 ] ) HNM, FT-IR, and TEM, indicating that the micelle was successful preparation. The drug release of Cip was 50.6 % at pH 7.4, whereas 77.6 % accumulative release was achieved at pH 5.4. The targeting ability of FA was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy detection of bacteria and cells and in vivo tissue imaging detection. The antibacterial and biofilm-clearing abilities of FA-Cip/Ag-Ms were confirmed by Live/Dead staining, and quantitative biofilm staining. Flow cytometry and cytokine analysis revealed reduced pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and increased anti-inflammatory M2 polarization, accompanied by decreased IL-6 and elevated IL-10 levels. In a murine pneumonia model, FA-Cip/Ag-Ms significantly reduced lung tissue damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and bacterial colony formation, while exhibiting good biocompatibility. This functional system integrates active targeting and microenvironment responsiveness, offering a promising strategy to improve therapeutic effect for bacterial pneumonia.
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IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 2.9
Chen Shuhua,Ren Zimeng,Wang Shufeng,Zhang Jing,Li Xiuping,Liu Xuewu
Phase change materials are capable of undergoing phase transitions when the ambient temperature changes, presenting excellent energy storage properties. In this study, for the first time, we incorporate lignin into polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, making the prepared phase change material less prone to liquid leakage and exhibiting excellent heat storage performance. The composite phase change material MPEG- g -EHL was prepared by grafting polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (MPEG) onto lignin (EHL) skeleton carrier using the chemical grafting method with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) as the cross-linking agent. The polarization microscopy (POM) patterns clearly reveal significant differences in crystal morphology between MPEG and MPEG- g -EHL. The grafting structure is confirmed by the results of FTIR and XRD analyses and the maximum grafting ratio is 85.73%. When the mass ratio of MPEG to EHL is 90:10, its enthalpy efficiency reaches its maximum value of 80.30%. At this point, its melting enthalpy value is 124.80 J g −1 , and its crystallization enthalpy value is 106.04 J g −1 . The composite phase change material MPEG- g -EHL is still thermally stable after 100 cycles of heat and cold, and it has a good latent heat energy storage property. These outstanding properties make it show broad application prospects in energy storage fields such as building energy conservation and temperature control, industrial waste heat recovery, and solar thermal storage systems. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
·
2026
·
IF 2.6
Liu Zhiguo,Miao Xiangqi,Li Junfeng,Bai Shengqi,Chen Yufei,Wang Yue,Jia Zhengfeng,Liu Meng,Zhen Jinming,Zhang Ran
CBP/MoS 2 hybrid filler-reinforced polyethylene glycol (PEG) composites were synthesized via a hydrothermal method in an aqueous PEG solution. These composites demonstrated excellent dispersibility and stability in PEG for tribological evaluation. Test results revealed that lubricants incorporating 2.0 wt.% of the composite material reduced the wear scar diameter (WSD) and coefficient of friction (COF) of steel balls by 48.7% and 41.7%, respectively. This significant enhancement in tribological performance is attributed to a synergistic interaction among PEG, carbon from carbonized bamboo powder (CBP), and MoS 2 . The present study offers a viable strategy for designing high-performance and environmentally sustainable lubricants, while also laying a groundwork for the development of nanoparticle-enhanced water-based lubricating systems.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）