JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.6
Yi Wang,Jiayi Chen,Bin Wang,Hao Wang
Microneedles (MNs) are widely utilized in percutaneous drug delivery systems and represent a crucial approach for drug or vaccine administration. The conductive MNs further enhance the controllability and functionality of these devices, thereby expanding their potential biomedical applications. Given its high biocompatibility and degradability, gelatin emerges as an ideal material for fabricating MNs. However, owing to its inherent hydrogen bonding, gelatin solutions exhibit high viscosity and tend to solidify at room temperature, thus limiting their processability in the preparation of gelatin MNs. In this study, a novel approach was proposed to enhance the fluidity of the gelatin solution and reduce its solidification temperature by adding citric acid as a hydrogen bonding dissociator, thereby facilitating its use in MN fabrication. Furthermore, citric acid functioned not only as a hydrogen bonding dissociator but also as a dopant in the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) polymerization process, demonstrating dual functionality and effectively yielding gelatin/poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) MNs. This research presents an innovative strategy for developing gelatin-based MNs and advances their potential applications in intelligent medical fields. Graphical Fabrication and characterization of conductive Microneedles.
研究领域:
生物材料学
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药物递送系统
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Yuwei Chen,Ziyu Chang,Ying Liu,Xuan Wan,Tianyu Wang,Zhehao Zhou,Guangli Li
Conductive hydrogels have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of wearable soft electronics. However, they face limitations during practical implementation owing to their unbalanced overall properties. In this study, we present a dynamic cross-linked gelatin/poly(acrylic acid- co -acrylamide) (G x P y Fe z ) hydrogel with tunable mechanical strength, self-healing, freezing resistance, electrical conductivity , and high sensitivity, which was prepared by incorporating Fe 3+ ions. The hydrogel was prepared based on the tongue, in which gelatin/poly(acrylic acid- co -acrylamide) and Fe 3+ ions mimic the connective tissue and receptor cells of the human tongue. The synergistic effect of reversible crosslinking, along with the modulation of rigid and flexible components enabled tunable flexible structures that exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as elongation at break (569 %) and toughness (8.82 MJ m −3 ). Notably, the G 2 P 3 Fe 0.1 hydrogel exhibited remarkable self-healing ability, even at room temperature, while maintaining a good freezing resistance. Furthermore, the G 2 P 3 Fe 0.1 demonstrated fast response characteristics along with a high sensitivity (GF = 2.75). Consequently, it could be assembled into sensors capable of effectively detecting various movements of the human body; it serves as an electronic skin that responds to diverse external stimuli and monitors underwater motion signals. This study provides new insights into the design of conductive hydrogels with tunable overall properties that can be modified to suit specific application scenarios.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Yifan Zhang,Wenlong Pan,Yuliao Dong,Jianning Ding,Lin Xu
Conductive hydrogels have emerged as significant materials within the domain of soft electronics, attributed to their remarkable stretchability, high sensitivity, and rapid response characteristics. In this study, we successfully developed a novel conductive hydrogel, named NAM, which integrates MXene nanosheets into a P(NIPAm-AAc) network to create a dynamic crosslinked structure. This NAM hydrogel exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, including a tensile strength exceeding 1400% and the ability to adhere to objects of different materials. It also demonstrates satisfactory electrical conductivity (0.233 S/m) and high sensitivity (GF=3.384), with rapid response and recovery time of 60 ms. The NAM hydrogel sensors are capable of detecting a wide range of strains (0-800%) and maintaining excellent repeatability in cyclic loading-unloading. They can effectively monitor subtle facial micro-expressions, laryngeal vocalizations, and human motion data, and can be integrated into soft robotic systems for enhanced functionality. The findings suggest significant potential applications for the NAM hydrogel in soft robotics, flexible electronic skin, smart health monitoring, and biomedicine, highlighting its multifunctional capabilities in the realm of soft electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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软体机器人
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2025
·
IF 14.1
Zhikang Li,Bin Wang,Jijian Lu,Yumeng Xue,Jiaxiang Wang,Boqing Jia,Gengyu Han,Yihe Zhao,Muhammad Afzal Khan Qureshi,Lan Yu,Kang Zhao,Min Li,Ping Yang,Dejiang Lu,Libo Zhao
Constructing hydrogels with both remarkable mechanical and self-healing properties is highly desirable for soft electronics, yet remains challenging due to conflicting demands on chemical bonds and polymer chain mobility. Herein, a highly stretchable, self-healing, and conductive gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is developed by incorporating polyvinyl alcohol, N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-propenamide, sodium tetraborate, and sodium chloride into GelMA, followed by a two-step polymerization process. The introduced novel interpenetrating networks, hierarchical hydrogen bonds (weak and strong H-bonds), and borate ester bonds (BEBs) synergistically improve the mechanical strength, and concurrently function as sacrificial bonds for energy dissipation under deformation. Moreover, the constructed reversible BEBs and weak H-bonds enable autonomous self-healing at room temperature. The resulting hydrogel achieves remarkable stretchability (≈160%), tensile strength (≈130 kPa), and self-healing efficiency (86%), surpassing previously reported GelMA hydrogels. Importantly, a self-healing GelMA hydrogel strain sensor is demonstrated, featuring a high gauge factor (≈3.28), ultra-low detection limit (0.1%), and excellent recovery of sensitivity (≈100%) and detection range (≈75%) after damage. Successful monitoring of subtle and large-scale human motions with both original and healed sensors highlights the device's durability and longevity. This study provides a promising approach for the rational design and practical application of GelMA hydrogels in wearable bioelectronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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软体电子学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 5.5
Ruirui Li,Jie Ren,Minmin Zhang,Meng Li,Yan Li,Wu Yang
Conductive hydrogels integrate the conductive performance and soft nature, which is like that of human skin. Thus, they are more suitable for the preparation of wearable human-motion sensors. Nevertheless, the integration of outstanding multiple functionalities, such as stretchability, toughness, biocompatibility, self-healing, adhesion, strain sensitivity, and durability, by a simple way is still a huge challenge. Herein, we have developed a multifunctional chitosan/oxidized hyaluronic acid/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/tannic acid/Al3+ hydrogel (CS/OHA/HPMC/PAA/TA/Al3+) by using a two-step method with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), acrylic acid (AA), tannic acid (TA), chitosan (CS), oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA), and aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl3·6H2O). Due to the synergistic effect of dynamic imine bonds between CS and OHA, dynamic metal coordination bonds between Al3+ and −COOH and/or TA as well as reversible hydrogen, the hydrogel showed excellent tensile property (elongation at break of 3168%) and desirable toughness (0.79 MJ/m3). The mechanical self-healing efficiency can reach 95.5% at 30 min, and the conductivity can recover in 5.2 s at room temperature without stimulation. The favorable attribute of high transparency (98.5% transmittance) facilitates the transmission of the optical signal and enables visualization of the sensor. It also shows good adhesiveness to various materials and is easy to peel off without residue. The resistance of the hydrogel-based sensors shows good electrical conductivity (2.33 S m–1), good durability, high sensing sensitivity (GF value of 4.12 under 1600% strain), low detection limit (less than 1%), and short response/recovery time (0.54/0.31 s). It adhered to human skin and monitored human movements such as the bending movements of joints, swallowing, and speaking successfully. Therefore, the obtained multifunctional conductive hydrogel has great potential applications in wearable strain sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 14.7
He Xiangnan,Zhang Biao,Liu Qingjiang,Chen Hao,Cheng Jianxiang,Jian Bingcong,Yin Hanlin,Li Honggeng,Duan Ke,Zhang Jianwei,Ge Qi
Ionogels are promising material candidates for ionotronics due to their excellent ionic conductivity, stretchability, and thermal stability. However, it is challenging to develop 3D printable ionogels with both excellent electrical and mechanical properties. Here, we report a highly conductive and stretchable nanostructured (CSN) ionogel for 3D printing ionotronic sensors. We propose the photopolymerization-induced microphase separation strategy to prepare the CSN ionogels comprising continuous conducting nanochannels intertwined with cross-linked polymeric framework. The resultant CSN ionogels simultaneously achieves high ionic conductivity (over 3 S m −1 ), high stretchability (over 1500%), low degree of hysteresis (0.4% at 50% strain), wide-temperature-range thermostability (−72 to 250 °C). Moreover, its high compatible with DLP 3D printing enables the fabrication of complex ionogel micro-architectures with high resolution (up to 5 μm), which allows us to manufacture capacitive sensors with superior sensing performances. The proposed CSN ionogel paves an efficient way to manufacture the next-generation capacitive sensors with enhanced performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电子工程
·
纳米技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Xikun Zhang,He Zhang,Xue Lv,Ting Xie,Junzheng Chen,Di Fang,Shurui Yi
Conductive hydrogels , as novel flexible biosensors, have demonstrated significant potential in areas such as soft robotics, electronic devices, and wearable technology. Graphene is a promising conductive material , but its dispersibility in aqueous solutions exists difficulties. Here, we discover that untreated graphene, after exfoliation by different ionic liquids , can disperse well in aqueous solutions. We investigate the impact of four ionic liquids with varying alkyl chain lengths ([Bmim]Cl, [Omim]Cl, [Dmim]Cl, [Hmim]Cl) on the dispersibility of grapheme, and a dual physically cross-linked network hydrogel structure is designed using acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), methyl methacrylate octadecyl ester (SMA), ionic liquid@graphene (ILs@GN), and chitosan (CS). Notably, SMA, CS, AA and AM act as dynamic cross-linking points through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding , playing a crucial role in energy dissipation. The resulting hydrogel exhibits outstanding stretchability (2250 %), remarkable toughness (1.53 MJ/m 3 ) in tensile deformation performance, high compressive strength (1.13 MPa), rapid electrical responsiveness (response time ∼ 50 ms), high electrical conductivity (12.11 mS/cm), and excellent strain sensing capability (GF = 12.31, strain = 1000 %). These advantages make our composite hydrogel demonstrate high stability in extensive deformations, offering repeatability in pressure and strain and making it a promising candidate for multifunctional sensors and flexible electrodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Meng Zhou,Siying An,Xiaowen Xie,Xiaoyu Luo,Ling Zhu,Zhixin Wu,Shuai Chen
Electronic materials capable of bionic self-healing have received extensive attention in view of the urgent need of extending device life, maintaining operation safety, and reducing renewal costs. Among them, conducting polymers (CPs), especially poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), have become a research hotspot due to their intrinsic and tunable electrical conductivity, macromolecule nature with good processability, good stability, combination ability, etc. Herein, an all-organic PEDOT:PSS/poly(ethylene glycol)/2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine-encapsulated polyurethane film with high electrical conductivity, remarkable self-healing ability, excellent mechanical flexibility, and strong water resistance is created by the ingenious design of a multiple hydrogen-bonding strategy. Moreover, the film was fabricated easily from a solvent (water/methanol)-processable dispersion with fast drying and “green” advantages. The film crack can be healed by relatively low-temperature heating at 65 °C for 5 min with recovered smooth surface and electrochromic properties, including high optical contrast (ΔT) values of up to 68.2%, fast oxidation and reduction responses (0.24 and 0.49 s, respectively), and excellent coloration efficiency (246.4 cm2 C–1). The flexible electrochromic device employing this film as an active layer still maintained an ΔT value of more than 47% and can remain above 90% even after 1000 times of operation or mechanical bending. This research will greatly enhance the reliability of PEDOT:PSS-based organic film electronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子材料
·
有机化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2020
·
IF 8.758
Stephan Handschuh-Wang,Tao Wang,Lifei Zhu,Yang Xu,Lei Huang,Tiansheng Gan,Yongbing Tang,Xuechang Zhou
Gallium-based liquid metals (GLMs) exist as atypical liquid-phase metals at and near room temperature while being electrically and thermally conductive, enabling copious applications in soft electronics and thermal management systems. Yet, solid metals are affected by interfacing with GLMs, resulting in liquid metal embrittlement and device failure. To avert this issue, mechanically durable and electrically tunable diffusion barriers for long-term reliable liquid metal–solid metal interfacing based on the deposition of various diamond coatings are designed and synthesized, as they feature high chemical inertness and extraordinary mechanical resistance. The diamond coatings show superlyophobicity (GLM contact angle ≥ 155°) and are nonstick toward GLMs, thereby achieving high mobility of GLM droplets (sliding angle 8–12°). The excellent barrier and anti-adhesion performance of the diamond coatings are proven in long-term experiments (3 weeks) of coated titanium alloy (Ti) samples in contact with GLMs. The electrical performance of the conductive diamond coating deposited on Ti is reliable and stable over a period of 50 h. As proof-of-concept applications a switch and a thermal management device based on liquid metals are demonstrated, signifying that coating diamond films on metals is a potent means to achieve stable integration of solid metals with GLMs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 28
·2302882
·
IF 15.1
Yanan Huang,Jibing Shen,Shuai Lin,Wenhai Song,Xuebin Zhu,Yuping Sun
High-quality few-layer M 4 C 3 T x (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes are very important for applications and are necessary for clarifying their physicochemical properties. However, the difficulty in etching for themselves and the existence of MC/MC 1−δ and M-Al alloy impurities in their M 4 AlC 3 precursors seriously hinder the achievement of defect-free few-layer M 4 C 3 T x (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes nanosheets. Herein, three different defect-free few-layer M 4 C 3 T x (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanosheets are obtained by using a universal synthesis strategy of calcination, selective etching, intercalation, and exfoliation. Comprehensive characterizations confirm their defect-free few-layer structure feature, large interlayer spacing (1.702–1.955 nm), types of functional groups (–OH, –F, –O), and abundant valance states (M 5+ , M 4+ , M 3+ , M 2+ , M 0 ). M 4 C 3 T x (M = V, Nb, Ta) free-standing films obtained by vacuum filtration of few-layer M 4 C 3 T x inks show good hydrophilia, high thermostability, and conductivity. A roadmap on synthesis of defect-free few-layer M 4 C 3 T x (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanosheets are proposed and three key points are summarized. This work provides detailed guidelines for the synthesis of other defect-free few-layer MXenes nanosheets, but also will stimulate extensive functional explorations for M 4 C 3 T x (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes nanosheets in the future.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2022
·
IF 4.432
Zhen Liu,Xin Li,Ruike Zou,Zekun Zhou,Qianyun Ma,Peng Zhang
Solution structure and its relationship with the solid-state structure of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) determined the materials' conductivity and thus devices’ performance. In this work, we deciphered the multi-level structure of PEDOT:PSS with a set of sophisticated and complementary structural characterization techniques consisting of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). SAXS and SANS results disclosed that the PEDOT:PSS formed a conductive network in the aqueous dispersion, which was ascribed to a quaternary structure . Secondary doping with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt significantly changed the quaternary structure of PEDOT:PSS and thus enhanced the film conductivity. In addition, we studied in situ the change of quaternary structure and the sample resistance during solvent evaporation with SAXS and resistance measurements, respectively, which provided detailed and fundamental knowledge about the structure-property correlations. This fundamental knowledge would guide the design and preparation of advanced flexible electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 138
·期 15
·50190
·
IF 2.52
Haonan Cheng,Yunjie Yin,Bo Wang,Junrong Zhu,Chaoxia Wang
Fabrication of highly conductive poly(styrene)/poly(aniline) (PS/PANI) microspheres has been considerably explored. Improving the adsorption efficiency of aniline on the PS microspheres is still a challenge by facile methods. To overcome this problem, poly(styrene-co-methacylic acid) (poly(St-co-MAA)) is firstly synthesized for capturing anilinium ions, and then the in-situ polymerization of aniline is implemented to obtain highly conductive poly(St-co-MAA)/PANI microspheres. The prepared poly(St-co-MAA) microspheres bearing an average particle size of 238 nm possess a low polymer dispersity index (PDI, 0.082) and high zeta-potential, which guarantee no agglomeration and deposition of microspheres latex after 30 days at room temperature. After the in-situ polymerization of aniline, the conductive disc based on poly(St-co-MAA)/PANI microspheres presents a superior electrical conductivity of 14.6 S m −1 at an inferior PANI loading of 5.74 vol% and a relatively low electrical percolation threshold (EPT < 0.16 vol%). The results indicate that the carboxylic microspheres for preparing high polymer/PANI microspheres is effective. Meanwhile, poly(St-co-MAA)/PANI microspheres show a great potential in manufacture of conductive composites due to their excellent electrical conductivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）