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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL · 2025 · IF 13.2

Atomic-level defect engineering enables hollow ternary molybdenum phosphoselenide nanospheres for enhanced sodium-ion storage

Yao Guo,Yangjie Liu,Lihong Xu,Mujtaba Aminu Muhammad,Huiling Fang,Jiaqi Yu,Mengyao Tu,Xiang Hu,Chuan-Fu Sun,Zhenhai Wen

Transition-metal phosphides (TMPs), as promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), offer high theoretical capacity and low redox potential, but the key issues of actually poor stability and sluggish kinetics upon cycling hinder their practical application. Herein, we present a reliable approach to address these challenges by fabricating a single-phase ternary molybdenum phosphoselenide compound (MoPSe/NC), which holds multiple advantages for Na-ion storage, including a rich defect structure, enlarged interlayer spacing, and chemical bonding interaction (Mo-C and C-Se bonds), which collectively enhance both reaction kinetics and structural stability. Systematic electrochemical investigations reveal that incorporating Se into MoP to regulate the phase structure induces the formation of abundant anion defects, leading to increased active sites and optimized Na + diffusion pathways for faster ion storage kinetics. As an anode, the MoPSe/NC delivers a high specific capacity of 450 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 and an outstanding cycling lifespan, retaining 83.3 % of its capacity after 800 cycles at 1 A g −1 . Notably, the assembled full-cell with a Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode achieves a high energy density of 180.4 Wh kg −1 . This novel design strategy provides a straightforward path for the development of TMPs, contributing to the advancement of high-performance SIBs.

CAS / MDL: 62-31-7
研究领域: 材料科学 · 能源存储与转换
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL · 2024 · IF 20.2

Multifunctional carbon armor: Synchronously improving oxygen reaction kinetics, mass transfer dynamics, and robustness of transition metal alloy based hybrid catalyst

Lei Zhang,He Jiang,Min Tang,Ying Jiang,Bing Tang,Hao Tan,Yuan Kong,Haibo Hu

Construction of robust protective cover on delicate active sites is a frequently-used scheme to enhance the durability of air-cathode catalyst working in harsh environment, thus the lifespan of rechargeable Zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Paradoxically, this would degrade the activity due to the constricted accessibility of active sites to reactants. Herein, carbon nanotubes with abundant mesoporous defects and Fe-N 4 species were elaborately designed to be multifunctional protective armor to encapsulate Ni 3 Fe nano-alloys (Ni 3 Fe@CNTs/Fe-N 4 ) for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst . In/ex-situ spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the constructed mesoporous carbon defects effectively facilitate the multiphase mass transfer and the oxygen evolution reaction kinetics via strong electrons coupling with packaged Ni 3 Fe nano-alloys. Meanwhile, the synchronously introduced Fe-N 4 moieties could serve as oxygen reduction active sites. Thus, the obtained Ni 3 Fe@CNTs/Fe-N 4 hybrid electrocatalyst simultaneously exhibits remarkable bifunctional catalytic activity (E 1/2 =0.86/E j=10 =1.59 V vs RHE) and durability over 450 h in the chronoamperometric test at 1.59 V, endowing the assembled Zn-air batteries (ZABs) with a high power density (150 mW cm −2 ) and lifespan (307 h), much better than that employing benchmark Pt/C+RuO 2 mixed catalyst. This work demonstrates an innovative design route for the multifunctional armor to concurrently enhance the durability, activity and robustness of air-cathode-catalyst for ZABs.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 电化学 · 能源存储与转换
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ACS Omega · 2025 · IF 4.3

Insight into the Nature of Nickel Active Sites on the NiAl2O4 Catalyst for Phenanthrene Hydrogenation Saturation

Tao Tian,Ze-Min Zhao,Yu Zhang,Jieying Jing,Wen-Ying Li

Hydrogenation saturation of phenanthrene (a typical component of coal tar) could not only improve the combustion performance of fuel oil, but also obtain the raw material for preparing high-energy-density fuel. Nickel-based catalysts have been considered promising catalysts for the hydrogenation saturation of phenanthrene due to their appealing capacity to activate phenanthrene molecules. However, the Ni derivation precursor greatly affects its hydrogenation activity. In this work, the NiAl2O4 catalyst was obtained by the sol–gel method. Under the experimental conditions of temperature 300 °C, pressure 5 MPa, and WHSV 0.52 h–1, the phenanthrene conversion over NiAl2O4 catalysts can be up to 99.7 and 93.9% for perhydrophenanthrene yield, while those of the traditional Ni/Al2O3 catalysts are just up to 96.8 and 77.3%, respectively. Moreover, the TOF of phenanthrene hydrogenation of the NiAl2O4 catalyst (3.01 × 10–3 s–1) surpasses that of the traditional Ni/Al2O3 catalyst (2.46 × 10–3 s–1), which indicates that Ni derived from NiAl2O4 has stronger phenanthrene hydrogenation activity. According to relevant characterizations, the superior hydrogenation performance of the NiAl2O4 catalyst derives from the stronger H2 adsorption and dissociation ability and the formation of an electron-deficient structure of active metal Ni, which contributes to the improved adsorption and activation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

研究领域: 催化化学 · 能源化学 · 材料科学
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL · 2018 · IF 3.057

Macroporous defective tungsten oxide nanostructure electrodes deliver ultrahigh capacitance and remarkable long cyclic durability in LiCl electrolyte

Min Yang,Lin Li,Li Ma,Bohui Wei,Chenzhong Yao,Jun Li

Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) has been considered as an fascinating candidate for supercapacitors (SCs) material because of its desirable physico-chemical properties and electrochemical behaviors. Nevertheless, it is still a significant challenge to enhance its electrochemical properties and stability. Herein, we report an electroreduction strategy to fabricate the macroporous defective tungsten oxide nanostructure (ER-WO 3 ) as a negative electrode material with outstanding electrochemical behavior and remarkable cycling durability in 5 M LiCl aqueous electrolyte, which attributes to the introduction of oxygen deficiencies. The ER-WO 3 electrode exhibits a large areal capacitance of 244.7 mF cm −2 and an ultrahigh gravimetric specific capacitance of 266.6 F g −1 at scan rate of 50 mV s −1 . More importantly, the ER-WO 3 product also delivers an ultralong cyclic stability with 97.4% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. Such these optimized properties of the ER-WO 3 nanostructure electrode will promote its applications in the field of science and technology.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 电化学
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE · 2021 · IF 6.707

Defect-rich FeCoNiPB/(FeCoNi)3O4-x high-entropy composite nanoparticles for oxygen evolution reaction: Impact of surface activation

Ran Wei,Kaisheng Zhang,Pujuan Zhao,Yuping An,Chao Tang,Chen Chen,Xiumin Li,Xuli Ma,Yufei Ma,Xiaogang Hao

The high-entropy materials have attracted rising attention for electrolysis application, which may have unusual performances due to the proximal configuration of dissimilar atoms. Meanwhile, design of nanostructure and fine-tuning of crystal structure could further improve their properties. In this work, amorphous FeCoNiPB high-entropy alloy (HEA) ribbons are prepared first, whose superficial species are conversed to FeCoNiPB/(FeCoNi) 3 O 4-x composite nanoparticles with a diameter of ~15 nm by the air after acid etching treatment. It is found that the obtained composite nanoparticles deposited on the surface of FeCoNiPB HEA ribbon with 3D porous array. Besides, the (FeCoNi) 3 O 4-x crystal that derived from amorphous HEA has rich defect structure, including lattice distortions, vacancy defects and discontinuous crystalline fringes. Hence, due to the advantages of heterogeneous nanostructure and defect activation, the FeCoNiPB/(FeCoNi) 3 O 4-x nanoparticle modified HEA ribbon has a high catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction, which need low overpotentials of 229 mV and 406 mV to export 10 and 100 mA cm −2 current density with a good stability.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 电化学
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CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL · 2021 ·Vol. 28 ·期 6 ·e202103601 · IF 5.236

Electrodeposition of Defect-Rich Ternary NiCoFe Layered Double Hydroxides: Fine Modulation of Co3+ for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Jiaxin Wang,Xiaoliang Sun,Hanbin Hu,Tianyang Shen,Guihao Liu,Zewei Li,Dongwei Cao,Lei He,Yu-Fei Song

Graphical Defective but efficient : The binder-free Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )/NF, with a unique nanoarray structural feature, was fabricated as a high-efficiency electrocatalyst towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )/NF showed the optimized electronic structure and exposed more defects than Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )-bulk and Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )-mono prepared by traditional coprecipitation method. As a result, the as-prepared Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )/NF demonstrated excellent electrochemical activity with an overpotential of 209 mV for OER at 10 mA cm −2 . The low-cost, high-abundance and durable layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been considered as promising electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the easy agglomeration of lamellar LDHs in the aqueous phase limits their practical applications. Herein, a series of ternary NiCoFe LDHs were successfully fabricated on nickel foam (NF) via a simple electrodeposition method. The as-prepared Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )/NF displayed an unique nanoarray structural feature. It showed an OER overpotential of 209 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 in alkaline solution, which was superior to most systems reported so far. As evidenced by the XPS and XAFS results, such excellent performance of Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )/NF was attributed to the higher Co 3+ /Co 2+ ratio and more defects exposed, comparing with Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )-bulk and Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )-mono LDHs prepared by conventional coprecipitation method. Furthermore, the ratio of Co to Fe could significantly tune the Co electronic structure of Ni(Co x Fe 1-x )/NF composites ( x =0.25, 0.50 and 0.75) and affect the electrocatalytic activity for OER, in which Ni(Co 0.5 Fe 0.5 )/NF showed the lowest energy barrier for OER rate-determining step (from O* to OOH*). This work proposes a facile method to develop high-efficiency OER electrocatalysts.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 电化学
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE · 2020 · IF 7.489

Enhanced light utilization efficiency and fast charge transfer for excellent CO2 photoreduction activity by constructing defect structures in carbon nitride

Xianghai Song,Xinyu Zhang,Xin Li,Huinan Che,Pengwei Huo,Changchang Ma,Yongsheng Yan,Guoyu Yang

Defect structure is one of the crucial factors for enhancing the catalytic activities of photocatalysts. However, rational design and construction of defect structures in catalysts to meet the aim of enhancing photocatalytic performance in a simple and cost-effective way is still a challenge. In this contribution, we report a strategy to construct defect structures in graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) by simple copolymerizing of urea with polyethyleneimine (PEI). Among the prepared catalysts, u-0.05PEI presents the best photocatalytic activity for CO 2 reduction, with CO and CH 4 yields of 32.86 and 1.68 μmol g −1 in 4 h, which is about 3.2 and 2.5 times higher than that of g-CN, respectively. Characterization results show that both C and N defects are formed in the newly prepared catalysts. The C defects on the surface of u-xPEI result in the formation of more amino groups which are beneficial for CO 2 adsorption. Meanwhile, the N defects inside the samples lead to the generation of midgap states between the valance band and conduction band of u-xPEI. The midgap states greatly enlarge the light absorption extent, and enable the use of light with energy lower than the intrinsic absorption of g-CN in the photoreduction of CO 2 . As confirmed by DRS, EPR, PL analysis, the excellent catalytic activity of u-0.05PEI is mainly attributed to the remarkably improved light utilization efficiency and fast charge transfer. Moreover, the reaction is performed in water without any additive or organic solvent, which makes it environmentally friendly.

CAS / MDL: 9002-98-6 57-13-6
研究领域: 材料科学 · 环境科学
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL · 2018 · IF 11.698

Zn-free MOFs like MIL-53(Al) and MIL-125(Ti) for the preparation of defect-rich, ultrafine ZnO nanosheets with high photocatalytic performance

He Xiao,Wenyao Zhang,Qiushi Yao,Liulian Huang,Lihui Chen,Bruno Boury,Zhongwei Chen

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are exploited in many applications of materials science and very recently were investigated as precursors or reagents for material synthesis. In a new way different from previous approaches, here we introduce for the first time the synthesis of metal oxide M x O y in the presence of M-free MOF acting partially as a sacrificial template and as a provider of doping metal atom. We demonstrate this approach in the case of ZnO prepared by a simple hydrothermal method in the presence of a Zn-free MOF like MIL-53(Al) or MIL-125(Ti). The resulting ZnO show low content of Al or Ti < 2% and properties are significantly different depending on whether MIL-53(Al) or MIL-125(Ti) are used or if no MOF is present. The nature and presence of MOF has different major effects on the morphology, the specific surface area of as prepared ZnO and also on the oxygen defects in its crystal structure. Corroborating the XPS, UV–vis DRS, PL, EPR and DFT studies evidence the role of such O-defects on band gap narrowing for samples calcined at 400 °C. These exhibit high efficiency in photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) compared to ZnO prepared in MOF-free conditions or previous literatures. The kinetics of MO degradation is different depending on the morphology, the specific surface and oxygen defects. The present data open the door to a new approach of the synthesis of metal oxides and a control of their properties.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 环境科学 · 化学工程
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY · 2019 ·Vol. 43 ·期 17 ·6683-6687 · IF 3.069

Physical vapor deposition (PVD): a method to fabricate modified g-C3N4 sheets

Xiaohui Sun,Xianghui An,Sa Zhang,Zhongtao Li,Jing Zhang,Wenting Wu,Mingbo Wu

Modified g-C3N4 sheets (CNS) with a bandgap of 2.61 eV were fabricated through physical vapor deposition (PVD) of g-C3N4. During the PVD process, a series of gaseous derivatives derived from pristine g-C3N4 at 700 °C condense into CNS at low temperature (<400 °C). As a result, CNS still retains a typical semiconductor structure (bandgap of 2.61 eV), while at the same time, CN and O–H defect groups were introduced to its tri-s-triazine-based structure.

CAS / MDL: 461-58-5
研究领域: 材料科学 · 化学工程
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Small · 2023 ·Vol. 19 ·期 49 ·2304060 · IF 13.3

Superior Rate Capability of Small Regenerated Graphite Particles Induced by Homogeneously Distributed Current Density Derived from Cracks and Intrinsic Defects

Haoran Da,Wenhao Fang,Jiufu Zhu,Jin Li,Shanshan Pan,Jiajia Li,Jiaqi Huang,Haitao Zhang,Suojiang Zhang

As spent batteries can be considered as alternative raw sources of electrode materials; the development of regeneration techniques for spent graphite becomes key to realizing economic and environmental sustainability. Herein, the reutilization of small spent graphite particles is domonstrated due to their special structural characteristics, which may directly contribute to the improvement of lithiation kinetics and high-rate charging during long-term cycling. Such intrinsic defects and external cracked channels may be introduced by the aging of intrinsic bulk structure and exfoliation of surface structure. On account of these potential advantages, a carbonized polypyrrole layer on sieved small graphite particles is developed to obtain superior rate performance. The coated amorphous/graphitic layer could repair the exposed edge and basal plane, and significantly facilitate Li ion diffusion during fast charging. Moreover, the enhanced performance may favor the improved homogeneity of current density distribution during fast charging, which is confirmed by a porous electrode model. The regenerated graphite with a disorder/order coating layer could effectively regulate the Li + transport channel, exhibiting a high specific capacity at high-rate charging (102.7 mAh g −1 at 4 C after 500 cycles) without severe Li plating. This work provides an opportunity to utilize spent graphite in fast-charging batteries.

CAS / MDL: 7705-08-0 109-97-7
研究领域: 材料科学 · 能源存储
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY · 2023 ·Vol. 106 ·期 5 ·3252-3260 · IF 3.9

Lattice evolution and microwave dielectric properties of La-doped yttrium aluminum garnet ceramics

Moke Zhou,Hetuo Chen,Yi He,Guohong Zhou,Shuren Zhang,Bin Tang

In this study, Y 3− x La x Al 5 O 12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.09) ceramics were synthesized, and the phase composition, lattice evolution, and microwave dielectric properties were investigated in detail. Scanning electron microscopy confirms that the addition of moderate amounts of La 2 O 3 improves the grain development of YAG ceramics, but excessive doping destabilizes the crystal structure. Transmission electron microscopy characterization shows that the variation of the dielectric properties of the samples with x -value is related to the occurrence of benign dislocation structures caused by modifications in the type and content of the A-site rare-earth ions. The variations in relative density, dielectric constant, and quality factor remain basically coordinated. The optimum microwave dielectric properties of La 3+ doped YAG samples are exhibited as ε r = 10.61, Q × f = 187, 542 GHz, τ f = −31.2 ppm/°C when La 2 O 3 is doped at x = 0.015.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 陶瓷工程
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY · 2024 · IF 8.1

Biomass carbon with defective structures as effective ORR catalyst for DMFC

Dilihumaer Taxi,Shujuan Shao,Xieraili Maimaitiyiming,Amatjan Sawut,Mamutjan Tursun,Zaituniguli Kuerban,He Lin

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), as an important reaction carried out on the cathode of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC), directly affects the performance of the cell. Previous experimental studies have shown that there are some interactions between the defect structure and N doping to promote the ORR performance of the catalysts. In this work, the binder was first utilized to reduce the lignin content in the cotton straw (CS) system, thereby increasing the defective structure of the carbon substrate. Here, we obtained 5C-NP-Fe catalysts by increasing the defectivity of the carbon substrate through binder. The coordination environment surrounding the Fe-N 4 sites is optimized by the synergistic action of the N and P atoms and the faulty structure, as shown by DFT theoretical calculations. In alkaline medium, half-wave potentials as high as 0.88 V in the three-electrode system and a peak power density of 10.8 mW cm −2 in a direct methanol fuel cell at 60℃. Compared to a 20 wt% commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.84 V, 7.5 mW cm −2 ), 5C-NP-Fe showed good ORR activity. The binder modification strategy provides a simple and green approach to the structural optimization of biomass-based catalysts.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 能源科学
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