JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 138
·期 39
·51016
·
IF 3.125
Li Dang,Zhihui Lv,Xin Liu
In this work, the influences of 4ZnO·B 2 O 3 ·H 2 O zinc borate (ZB) whisker based intumescent flame retardant (IFR) containing ammonium polyphosphate and dipentaerythritol on the mechanical, flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of polypropylene (PP) composites were characterized by the universal testing machine, UL-94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and cone calorimeter tests, respectively. The results indicate that only 1 phr of ZB could effectively improve the LOI value and slow down the burning rate of PP composite. The peak heat release rate, average of HRR, total heat release, peak smoke production rate, and total smoke production values are all decreased from 413.8 kW/m 2 , 166.3 kW/m 2 , 82.3 MJ/m 2 , 0.0995 m 2 /s, and 17.9 m 2 for PPc/20IFR composite to 267.8 kW/m 2 , 128.3 kW/m 2 , 66.8 MJ/m 2 , 0.0478 m 2 /s, and 12.6 m 2 for PPc/20IFR/1ZB composite, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy images, energy dispersive spectrometry, and Raman spectra of char residue reveal that ZB is helpful to form a compact and graphitized intumescent char residue so that the heat diffusion and oxygen transmission are greatly hindered. The thermogravimetry analysis-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) results show that less combustible volatiles and more H 2 O vapor are generated with the appearance of ZB. Hence, the combustion mechanism in gas phase is suppressed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2016
·
IF 5.31
Xiaming Feng,Bibo Wang,Xin Wang,Panyue Wen,Wei Cai,Yuan Hu,Kim Meow Liew
A novel method of preparing the molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) nanosheets coated by polypropylene (PP) latex enables the fabrication of PP/MoS 2 nanocomposites in scalable quantities. PP nanocomposites with various contents of MoS 2 nanosheets were prepared by simply melt-blending the coated MoS 2 and PP materials. The barrier effect of MoS 2 nanosheets in the thermal decomposition process of PP materials was investigated under different atmosphere by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), microscale combustion colorimeter (MCC) and thermogravimetric analysis–infrared spectrometry (TG–IR). Importantly, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of PP/MoS 2 nanocomposites with MoS 2 loadings of 1.6 wt% is decreased by 28.1% compared to that of neat PP. Moreover, the thermal oxidative stability of PP is dramatically reinforced with the incorporation of MoS 2 nanosheets. A 41.3 °C increase in the temperature of the onset of degradation ( T −10% ) and a 40.1 °C increase in the temperature of maximum weight loss ( T max ) were observed by inclusion of as low as 1.6 wt% MoS 2 nanosheets. The excellent barrier performance together with the favorable compatibility of MoS 2 nanosheets is regarded as the key point for the reinforcement of thermal oxidative stability and reduction of flammable pyrolysis gas, which can provide promising applications in the development of fire safety polymer materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITE INTERFACES
·
2022
·
IF 2.839
Esubalew Dessie,Liu Fanxizi,Tamrat Tesfaye,Rotich Kipchirchir Gideon,Adane Dagnaw Gudayua,Yiping Qiu
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of bis [3(triethoxysilyl) propyl] tetrasulfide (Si69) and 3-Glycidoxypropyl trimethoxy silane (GPS) on the properties of unidirectional enset fiber reinforced Polypropylene (PP) composite. For this purpose, enset fiber was weaved into the mat and treated with 1.5 wt% Si69 and 5 wt% GPS after which it was used to reinforce PP composites through the film stacking method followed by the compression molding. Fabricated composites were characterized by their tensile, thermal, water absorption, image of the fracture surface, and FTIR spectroscopy properties. Among the developed unidirectional reinforced PP composite, the surface-treated enset-woven mat with 1.5wt% Si69 gave the highest tensile strength with an increase of 267.1%, and 36.9% from untreated enset random (EvRa) and unidirectional fiber-reinforced PP composite (EvUnt) respectively. Moreover, 1.5 wt% Si69-treated enset fiber unidirectional reinforced PP composite reduced equilibrium water uptake percentage by approximately two folds, and thermal performance also improved by 12.9% from EvUnt composite. Notably, both silane treatment of enset fibers and composites increased elongation at break compared to EvUnt. Altogether, 1.5wt% Si69-treated enset fiber unidirectional reinforced polypropylene composite achieved a remarkable improvement of property and can be used for high mechanical and long-term performance applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Jinghang Zhu,Yiqun Fang,Ruofan Yang,Yiqing Fu,Guoqing Li,Xiaoyan Bai,Weihong Wang,Yongming Song,Qingwen Wang
In this study, a fully bio-based intumescent flame retardant, phytic acid vanillin arginine salt (VR-PA), was designed and synthesized by l-arginine (AR) and vanillin (VA) via a Schiff base reaction, followed by the introduction of phytic acid (PA) using electrostatic ionic interactions. The intumescent flame retardant, VR-PA, was incorporated into wood flour polypropylene composites (WFPP) to enhance their flame retardant and smoke suppression properties. Compared to pure WF, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of WFPP with 20 wt% VR-PA increased to 28.2 %, while the peak heat release rate and total heat release were reduced by 35.4 % and 20.6 %, respectively. Additionally, the WF with 15 wt% VR-PA exhibited the greatest reduction in total smoke production, with a significant decrease of 42.1 %. The improved flame retardant and smoke suppression performance of the WF is attributed to the free radical trapping effect of VR-PA in the gas phase during the combustion process, as well as the formation of an expanded and continuous carbon layer during in the condensed phase. This study provides a green method to enhance the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of WFPP composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2019
·
IF 7.65
Jiupeng Zhang,Jing Zuo,Weidong Ai,Shuo Liu,Dandan Zhu,Jinyi Zhang,Cundi Wei
Deodorizing materials are often restricted from large-scale industrial production due to the high preparation cost. By utilizing the simple acid leaching technology, this study made use of the coal gasification fine slag (FS) as raw material to prepare a cost effective FS-based deodorant (FSD) with a specific surface area of 393 m 2 g −1 and a pore volume of 0.405 cm 3 g −1 . The propane adsorption test on FSD showed the maximum adsorption capacity to be as high as 121.61 mg g −1 at 273 K. The partition coefficient values at 10% and 100% breakthrough (BT) for FSD to adsorb propane were 1.5 × 10 −3 and 3.2 × 10 −4 mol kg −1 Pa −1 , respectively. Furthermore, the FSD was applied in the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutants from polypropylene resin (PP). It showed that the deodorizing effect of the FSD was nearly three times as good as the commonly used zeolite deodorants, which was able to decrease 50 percent of the VOCs volatilization amount in PP resin. Moreover, the FSD can better strengthen the mechanical properties of PP resin. This work provides a new method for the industrial production of deodorants as well as a new direction for the recycle of coal gasification wastes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2013
·Vol. 130
·期 4
·2377-2382
·
IF 1.395
Qinhui Chen,Xinggong Mao,Hanyu Xue,Yi Deng,Jinhuo Lin
In this study, lauryl methacrylate grafted onto bamboo fibers (BF- g -LM) was prepared to improve the interfacial compatibility between hydrophilic bamboo fibers (BFs) and hydrophobic plastic. The lauryl methacrylate (LM) was initiated by benzoxyl peroxide (BPO) and grafted onto BFs via a free-radical chain-transfer reaction. LM was grafted onto BFs with ether bonds, and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the ether pyrolysis of BF- g -LM occurred at 280°C. The optimum preparation conditions were obtained as follows: 0.30 g of pretreated bamboo flour was immersed in 0.225 mol/L LM. The reaction was then initiated by 0.025 mol/L BPO, and this reaction was sustained for 4 h at 80°C. BF- g -LM served as coupling agent between the BFs and the polypropylene (PP) matrix, as shown by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The elongation at break of the BF/PP composites with BF- g -LM increased to two times compared to that of the BF/PP composites without BF- g -LM. The impact strength and maximum deflection also increased to 75 and 580%, respectively. In conclusion, BF- g -LM is a promising coupling agent that can be used in BF-reinforced thermoplastic composites. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2377–2382, 2013
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS
·
2016
·
IF 0
Ling Liu,Xiuli Wang,Lisi Xie,Sile He
Shell cross-linked core–shell nanoparticles (SCCSN) with organic montmorillonite as the core and cross-linked polymethacrylate (PMMA) as the shell were prepared through seeded emulsion polymerisation. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images of SCCSN show that each of the SCCSN is spherical with core–shell structure. The thermal properties and rheological behaviour of polypropylene (PP)/SCCSN composites with different proportions of SCCSN were systematically studied using a thermogravimetric analyser and an RT-2000 high-pressure capillary rheometer, respectively. The existence of SCCSN improves the thermal properties of PP, and the thermostability of the composite increases with increasing SCCSN content. The formed composite is a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid with a similar processing behaviour to PP. The rheological parameters (e.g. shear stress, apparent viscosity and flow activation energy) of the composite decrease as SCCSN fills in. These data indicate that using SCCSN does not affect the processing fluidity of PP but improves its processability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热分析
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2021
·
IF 9.381
Linjuan Duan,Rongrong Liu,Yan Duan,Zhiqiang Li,Qun Li
In this study, a simultaneous method with nano-fibrillation of acetylation modified fibers (A-cellulose) and preparation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/apolar polymer composites are proposed. The A-cellulose and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were initially mixed and then melt-compounding in a twin-screw extruder. Due to the reduction of hydrogen bonding force inside A-cellulose and the high shear force provided by the extruder, acetylated cellulose nanofiber (A-CNF) distributed with the state of a three-dimensional network in PP composites (ACPP) were successful prepared. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of A-CNF, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results of ACPP showed that the A-CNF had good interface compatibility with PP matrix , and had the effects of inducing PP crystallization, decreasing crystal size and increasing the ratio of γ crystals in composites, which could improve the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Ruofan Yang,Yiqing Fu,Jinghang Zhu,Guoqing Li,Chao Yan,Yiqun Fang,Xiaoyan Bai,Weihong Wang,Yongming Song,Qingwen Wang
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) has been attracting considerable attention from researchers due to its favorable physicochemical properties, including excellent flame retardancy, competitive price and nontoxicity. It is widely used in flame retardancy of wood plastic composites (WPCs). The biggest challenge currently is that the extensive addition of APP often leads to the generation of smoke and a decrease in mechanical performance, which severely limits its application in the fields of building materials. Two-dimensional (2D) layered double hydroxide (LDH) containing the metal cation has excellent catalytic effects and smoke suppression during combustion. However, the agglomeration of LDH severely affects its dispersity, thus limiting its flame retardancy. Herein, a novel 2D/2D MMT/LDH nanosheet was synthetized via a self-assembly technique. Then, MMT/LDH nanosheets were subsequently used in conjunction with APP to synergistically endow WPCs with excellent flame retardancy, smoke suppression and mechanical properties. Compared with pure WPCs, the addition of flame retardant reduced the pHRR, THR, and TSP release of the WPCs by up to 35.6 %, 21.0 %, and 13.8 %. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the flame-retardant WPCs showed slightly improvement compared to pure WPCs composites. Consequently, this work proposes a synergistic strategy for preparing flame retardant WPCs by integrating phosphorus and nitrogen-containing flame retardant with 2D/2D MMT/LDH nanosheets.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2016
·
IF 3.12
Yu Wang,Miao-Jun Xu,Bin Li
A novel charring foaming agent N -methyl triazine-ethylenediamine copolymer defined as MTEC was synthesized from cyanuric chloride , methylamine and ethylenediamine through nucleophilic reaction . Its chemical structure was well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , elemental analysis and 13 C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. The wettability of flame retardant was evaluated by water contact angle (CA) tests, and the synthesized MTEC present excellent hydrophobic property with the water CA of 117°. Meanwhile, the water CA of the prepared intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system containing MTEC, ammonium polyphosphate and silica reached 104° and also presented hydrophobic property. The obtained IFR was incorporated into polypropylene (PP) resin to prepare flame retardant PP composites, and the flame retardancy, thermal degradation behavior, water resistance and flammability behavior for IFR-PP were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94), cone calorimeter and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests. Water resistant properties of IFR-PP composites were evaluated by soaking the samples into distilled water at 70 °C for 168 h. The results demonstrated that IFR-PP samples both passed UL-94 V-0 flammability rating before water treated and after hot water soaking and drying when the loading amount of IFR was 22 wt %, the LOI value of IFR-PP only decreased from 29.6 to 29.3% and the mass loss percent was only 0.17 and 0.69% for 3.2 and 1.6 mm samples after water soaking and drying. The TGA results indicated that the incorporation of IFR promoted PP matrix decomposition and charring at a relative low temperature, and then enhanced the char yield and thermal stability for IFR-PP composites at high temperature. The cone calorimeter tests revealed that the introduction of IFR greatly decreased the combustion parameters, such as heat release rate (HRR), smoke production rate (SPR) and so on. After water resistance test, the combustion parameter for IFR-PP was slightly increased. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests indicated the introduction of IFR benefited to the formation of a sufficient, intumescent and homogeneous char layer on the materials surface during burning, which effectively prevented the underlying materials from further degradation and combustion. The structure and morphology of char layer for IFR-PP remained very well after water treated, consequently the water-treated IFR-PP presented excellent flame retardancy.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
·
2019
·
IF 1.755
Xiangmeng Lv,Ming Kang,Kexu Chen,Lu Yuan,Simin Shen,Rong Sun,Lixian Song
The dispersion states of fillers in the polymer matrix is an important factor to determine the properties of the polymer composites. Mastering the dispersion structure of inorganic minerals such as calcium carbonate in the polymer matrix is of great significance for the design of high performant polymer composites. Currently, due to the limitations of conventional electron microscope imaging capabilities, it is difficult to understand the internal dispersion structure of fillers in polymer composites comprehensively, regionally and stereoscopically. Here, we successfully embed the rare earth complex into the silica of the calcium carbonate surface to realize the fluorescent labeling of the calcium carbonate fillers. The fluorescent calcium carbonate exhibited broad excitation band ranging from 220 nm to 440 nm and showed bright red under ultraviolet light (365 nm). The two-dimensional dispersion states of the fillers at different depths in the polymer composite were obtained by the fluorescent imaging ability of laser scanning confocal microscope; these two-dimensional confocal images were further three-dimensionally reconstructed through Avizo Fire VSG software, and the spatial distribution of fillers in polymer composite was obtained without damage. This characterization method provides a new noninvasive method for studying the dispersion structure of fillers in polymers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 8.528
Yaofeng Zhu,Wei Liu,Hongbo Dai,Farao Zhang
This experimental study focuses on the development of an amphiphilic sizing agent to improve the interfacial adhesion and the mechanical properties of short glass fiber (GF)/polypropylene (PP) composites. To solve the critical compatible issue between the hydrophilic GF and the hydrophobic PP, we strategically utilized the reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization to self-assemble and synthesize an amphiphilic sizing agent. This surfactant-free sizing agent can create hydrogen bonds and electrostatic adsorption on GF surfaces and meanwhile can form molecular entanglements , alkyl cations, and σ-π conjugates with PP matrix. The FT-IR analysis shows that a large number of hydrogen bonds are formed on the sizing agent-GF interface. Additionally, the SEM micrographs of the composite fracture surfaces demonstrate strong interfacial compatibility between the sized-GF and the PP matrix. Comparing with the neat GF/PP composites, the tensile and flexural strength of the sized-GF/PP composites are increased by 25.8% and 33.1%, respectively. Their tensile strength and young's modulus are in close agreement to the analytical calculations. In short, this paper presents a new RAFT-based methodology to develop the amphiphilic sizing agents that are able to improve the interfacial compatibility of GF/PP composites and also can be transferred towards real applications for enhancing the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）