Journal of Materials Chemistry C
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2022
·Vol. 10
·期 21
·8206-8217
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IF 8.067
Huaping Wu,Hangcheng Qi,Xueer Wang,Ye Qiu,Kuanqiang Shi,Hengjie Zhang,Zheng Zhang,Wenan Zhang,Ye Tian
Stretchable and biocompatible hydrogel-based strain sensors have been considered as promising candidates for flexible wearable electronics in the light of their properties being similar to those of biological tissues. To date, excellent mechanical performances and high sensitivity are still challenging to satisfy the practical applications. In this work, a flexible strain senor is made of patterned liquid metal (LM) sandwiched by poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/Zr4+ (P(AAm-co-AAc)/Zr4+) hydrogel with a bilayer structure. The carboxyl–Zr4+ coordination bonds endow the prepared hydrogel substrate with moderate water content, as well as spectacular and adaptable mechanical properties. In addition, LM is doped with silicon oxide particles as a conductive layer to improve the sensitivity of the flexible sensor. The flexible sensor combines sensing performances of high sensitivity (maximum gauge factor = 7.16), an ultralow detection limit (0.1%), and a wide strain sensing range (up to 400%). LM-hydrogel strain sensors demonstrate reliable detection of repeated large strains and small vibrations of human movements. As a proof of concept, the sensor can be utilized to detect finger rehabilitation training in different periods owing to the controllable mechanical response. Furthermore, by introducing machine learning, the device with the sensor detects the writing words quickly and accurately, indicating that human activities have been recognized with proper training, which is an important premise for human–machine interaction.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
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2022
·
IF 6.3
Yanan Yang,Ningning Zhong,Jia Wu,Yueyang Pan
Under hot, deep-basin conditions, hydrogen-to-carbon ratios of residual kerogen are low. Whether ubiquitous water in sedimentary environments contributes hydrogen directly to hydrocarbon gas formation through organic-inorganic interactions is, therefore, critical for natural gas generation. Accordingly, we conducted laboratory experiments on immature to overmature kerogens at 300–600°C and 700 bar to examine the chemical interactions between kerogens and fluid under varying redox states and hydrothermal conditions. Mineral buffers, comprised of magnetite-hematite, nickel‑nickel oxide, cobalt‑cobalt oxide, and molybdenum‑molybdenum trioxide, were added to the experiments to control the redox state of the fluid from geologically reasonable to generally excessive values. The kerogens and mineral buffers were spatially isolated using double-capsule techniques to prevent contact catalysis. Our results indicated that chemical interactions between kerogens and water depended strongly on the kerogen thermal maturity and fluid redox state. The chemical interactions of overmature kerogens with reducing water were stronger than those of immature kerogens, which could be ascribed to the weaker competitive transfer of hydrogen from organics to organics than from water to organics. Unexpectedly high amounts of hydrocarbon gas were generated by incorporating water-derived hydrogen in the pyrolysis of overmature kerogens, and the yields increased under low to high reducing fluid conditions for a given temperature. Along with the increasing thermal maturity, residual kerogen eventually became ineffective for hydrocarbon gas generation through reduction reactions. Demethylation, bridge bond cleavage reaction, aromatic structure ring opening reactions in residual kerogen and subsequent redox reaction of intermediate products with reducing fluids is evidenced as the possible reaction mechanisms. The produced hydrocarbon gas under f H 2 level of oilfield water is characterized by high dryness (99 mol%) and more-enriched 13 C in CH 4 compared with precursors. Natural gas deep within the Sichuan and Appalachian basins with similar characteristics suggests that our simulated organic–inorganic interactions could occur widely under natural conditions. Consequently, a potentially prolific source of natural gas may be formed by the overmature source rocks in the deep basin and fluid redox should be considered for gas potential evaluation of overmature source rocks.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
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2022
·
IF 6.044
Meng Guo,Kai Liu,Jingjia Sun,Dongdong Gu
Due to the thermal cycling effects of layer-by-layer deposition in laser powder bed fusion process (LPBF), the coarse columnar grains with an epitaxial growth along the building direction are prone to form in LPBF-processed pure tungsten (W), thereby causing cracking and reduced formability. Here, the nanoparticles of Ni (1 wt%) and Fe (1 wt%) were introduced in W-matrix and a novel W-Ni-Fe alloy with nearly full densification was fabricated by LPBF. The laser-tailored microstructures transformed from coarse columnar grains to fine equiaxed grains with the addition of nano-Ni and nano-Fe. The LPBF-printed W-Ni-Fe had a considerably high compressive strength of 2638 MPa and a strain of 46%, showing about 185% and 475% improvement, respectively, as relative to the pure W under the same LPBF conditions. This work provided a feasible nano-modification method to fabricate high-performance W-alloys by laser additive manufacturing .
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Food Science & Nutrition
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 6
·1841-1853
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IF 3.553
Jun Yang,Shulin Hu,Anqi Liao,Yetian Weng,Shuli Liang,Ying Lin
Current chemical analysis approaches for contaminants have failed to reveal their biotoxicity. Moreover, conventional bioassays are time consuming and exhibit poor repeatability. In this study, we performed the acute toxicity detection of various contaminants (chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), and bisphenol A (BPA)) with four bioluminescent bacteria ( Vibrio qinghaiensis Q67, V. fischeri , Photobacterium phosphoreum T3, and P. phosphoreum 502) using a rapid, flexible, and low-cost bioassay. We found that the temperature affected the bacterial luminescence, and freeze-dried cells exhibited sensitive toxic responses to contaminants. Indeed, the optimized protectants containing 12% (w/v) trehalose, 4% sucrose, and 2% sorbitol displayed better luminescence and toxic sensitivity. Furthermore, freeze-dried powders of these strains were prepared and subjected to acute toxicity detection. The results showed that all contaminants exhibited acute toxicity toward Q67, but the other strains did not show obvious response to nickel and tin. The relative half-maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ) values of BPA, Cr, Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Ni, and Sn to Q67 were 0.674, 1.313, 11.137, 5.921, 4.674, 0.911, 5.941, and 54.077 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the EC 50 values of contaminants toward different strains were suggested to be statistically significant. Freeze-dried Q67 exhibited toxic responses to more contaminants than the other bioluminescent strains; therefore, Q67 was selected to be more suitable than the other strains for single and mixture toxicity detection tests. Compared with other strains, Q67 was more appropriate for the rapid screening of the mixture toxicity of contaminants in samples as a nonspecific screening sensor before the use of standard analysis approaches.
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Crystals
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 4
·469
·
IF 2.67
Shao-Bo Guo,Wei-Bin Zhang,Ze-Qin Yang,Xu Bao,Lun Zhang,Yao-Wen Guo,Xiong-Wei Han,Jianping Long
Transition metal phosphide composite materials have become an excellent choice for use in supercapacitor electrodes due to their excellent conductivity and good catalytic activity. In our study, a series of nickel phosphide heterostructure composites was prepared using a temperature-programmed phosphating method, and their electrochemical performance was tested in 2 mol L−1KOH electrolyte. Because the interface effect can increase the catalytic active sites and improve the ion transmission, the prepared Ni2P/Ni3P/Ni (Ni/P = 7:3) had a specific capacity of 321 mAh g−1under 1 A g−1and the prepared Ni2P/Ni5P4(Ni/P = 5:4) had a specific capacity of 218 mAh g−1under 1 A g−1. After the current density was increased from 0.5 A g−1to 5 A g−1, 76% of the specific capacity was maintained. After 7000 cycles, the capacity retention rate was above 82%. Due to the phase recombination effect, the electrochemical performance of Ni2P/Ni3P/Ni and Ni2P/Ni5P4was much better than that of single-phase N2P. After assembling the prepared composite and activated carbon into a supercapacitor, the Ni2P/Ni3P/Ni//AC had an energy density of 22 W h kg−1and a power density of 800 W kg−1and the Ni2P/Ni5P4//AC had an energy density of 27 W h kg−1and a power density of 800 W kg−1.Keywords:nickel phosphide heterostructure;electrochemical pseudocapacitance;temperature programming;supercapacitor
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FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Zhi Hu,Aidi Xie,Chun Chen,Zidan Zou,Yue Shen,Zhen Fu,Yunxia Zhang,Haimin Zhang,Huijun Zhao,Guozhong Wang
Aqueous-phase hydrogenation-rearrangement tandem (AP-HRT) reaction is a green and sustainable route to produce cyclopentanone from bio-based furan compounds. Herein, the ionic liquid was applied as the precursor to synthesize Ni@NP-C catalyst, which contains high dispersed nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) encapsulated in the N, P co-doped carbon layer , for the selectivity transformation of furfural towards cyclopentanone. The synthesized Ni@NP-C catalyst can afford 100% FAL conversion and 86.7% CPO yield at 130 °C and 1.5 MPa H 2 within 2 h AP-HRT reaction. The introduction of the electronegative heteroatom on the surface can not only improve the adsorption of reactant but also provide weak Lewis Acid sites for being beneficial to the high selectivity of cyclopentanone. The catalyst displays superior activity, selectivity, and stability in the tandem catalytic system in view of the tunable chemical states of the doped heteroatoms by handily adjusting the pyrolysis temperature.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2022
·
IF 7.139
Riyang Shu,Linxuan Zhou,Zhengchen Zhu,Bowen Luo,Hongyun You,Zhuojie Zhong,Yao He
Enzymatic hydrolysis lignin is a kind of byproduct from the biorefinery process, and hydrogenolysis is a promising approach to valorize the lignin waste. This work proposed an efficient hydrogenolysis of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin over in situ prepared RuNi/C bimetallic catalyst . RuNi/C catalyst exhibited a much higher catalytic activity than Ru/C catalyst with the addition of Ni species. A series of characterizations were carried out to reveal the synergistic effect of the bimetallic catalyst . The results indicated that the interaction between Ru and Ni formed an electron transfer from Ru to Ni and resulted in intensified hydrogen adsorption, which was the crucial factor for the enhanced hydrogenolysis performance. The reaction condition of lignin hydrogenolysis was optimized, and 20.4 wt% monomer product yield was achieved at the temperature of 280 °C. This catalytic system is easy to realize and promising to be employed in the field of lignin utilization.
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ChemistrySelect
·
2022
·Vol. 7
·期 37
·e202202462
·
IF 2.307
Minmin Wang,Li Zhou,Mengke Zhang,Wenwu Song,Weiting Zhong,Xunyue Wang,Yanfeng Tang
Graphical A facile one-step phosphorization method to fabricate a 1D Ni 12 P 5 nanoneedle array was reported. The obtained Ni 12 P 5 requires overpotentials of 59, 117, and 148 mV to reach the current density of 10, 50 and 100 mA cm −2 toward HER in 1 mol/L KOH solution, respectively. Excellent electrochemical performances demonstrate that the nickel phosphide could be a candidate for high-performance water electrolysis over a wide pH range. Transition metal phosphides (TMP) with high conductivity and better H* intermediate adsorption energy have attracted great attention in hydrogen evolution process. Herein, a Ni 12 P 5 nanoneedle array was synthesized by a facile one-step phosphorization method. As expected, the obtained Ni 12 P 5 nanoneedle arrays exhibits high HER performance, and low overpotentials of 59, 117, and 148 mV are need to drive hydrogen evolution at current densities of 10, 50, and 100 mA cm −2 in 1 mol/L KOH electrolyte, respectively. Meanwhile, the obtained electrode exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution activity in both acidic and neutral media. Excellent electrochemical performances demonstrate that the nickel phosphide could be a candidate for high-performance water electrolysis over a wide pH range.
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2022
·Vol. 51
·期 26
·10061-10068
·
IF 4.569
Congli Wang,Hongfang Jiu,Lixin Zhang,Wei Song,Yufang Zhang,Hao Wei,Qianwen Xu,Yaqi Qin,Sicong Che,Zhixin Guo
It is of utmost importance to explore bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting. Herein, unique ZnCo2O4–CoOOH heterostructured ultrathin nanosheets on Ni foam are reported that combines a two-step hydrothermal method. This catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performances to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with an ultralow overpotential of 115 mV for HER, attaining an overpotential of 238 mV at 20 mA cm−2 for OER. Remarkably, ZnCo2O4–CoOOH/Ni shows a voltage of 1.494 V to drive a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Such performances are due to the inter-penetrative pores present in the ultrathin nanosheets that provide large surface areas and expose massive active sites to enhance activities. In addition, the unique nanosheet structure and the 3D Ni foam substrate possess large specific surface areas, which can facilitate mass diffusion. This excellent performance is ascribed to the ZnCo2O4–CoOOH heterostructure that manipulates strong synergy to improve the electrochemical activity. This study offers new insight on an innovative approach for the exploitation of effective bifunctional electrocatalysts with a heterostructure.
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 7.613
Q. Yang,J. Liu,C. Zhou,J. Ni,E.I. Vovk,Y. Yang,B. Yang,X. Guan
Dry reforming of methane (CH 4 ) with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is an attractive technology for producing value-added syngas and mitigating greenhouse gas emission. However, this process usually requires high energy input due to the intrinsic inertness of CH 4 and CO 2 . Besides, the widely investigated solid Ni-based catalysts typically suffer from coking and sintering issues, leading to degradation in catalytic performance. Liquid alloys and molten salts are emerging as promising catalytic materials for CH 4 dry reforming. In this work, we combine electrolysis with thermocatalysis for CH 4 dry reforming in a naturally stratifying liquid alloy-salt system, which achieves effective and stable catalytic performance under relatively mild operation conditions. The conversions of CH 4 and CO 2 reach 37% and 95%, respectively, in a bubble column reactor comprising Ni–Bi alloy and LiNaCO 3 during constant current electrolysis at 1.5 A and 900 °C. The selectivities of H 2 and CO were maintained at 85% and 92%, respectively. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation shows that the oxides of both Ni and Bi promote the C–H bond dissociation. Therefore, the electrochemical process combine electrolysis with thermocatalysis in the liquid alloy-salt system represents a promising approach to achieving effective and stable CH 4 dry reforming.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2022
·
IF 9.794
Shiqian Zhao,Lichun Yang,Jiangwen Liu,Liuzhang Ouyang,Min Zhu,Hui Wang
La–Y–Ni-based superlattice alloys demonstrate the potential as high-capacity anodes for Nickel-metal hydride batteries. However, the usual multi-phase structure formed in A 5 B 19 -type La–Y–Ni-based alloys makes precise investigations of composition-structure-performance relationships difficult. This work optimizes the quenching temperature to obtain the single-phase (La 0.33 Y 0.67 ) 5 Ni 17.6 Mn 0.9 Al 0.5 alloy with a hexagonal 2H–Pr 5 Co 19 structure. The single-phase alloy exhibits better overall electrochemical properties than multi-phase alloys, such as the maximum discharge capacity of 368.8 mAh g −1 , the capacity retention at the 200 th cycle of 73.4%, and the rate performance at a high discharge current of 1500 mA g −1 of 58.6%. The ex-situ X-ray diffraction research reveals that during charging, the single-phase alloy sequentially forms β and γ hydrides, with the β hydride exhibiting the highest lattice strain, mainly due to the asynchronous hydrogenation and expansion between [A 2 B 4 ] and [AB 5 ]-2 subunits. This work offers meaningful guidance for developing high-performance La–Y–Ni-based electrode alloys.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 5.436
Si-Jia Guan,Peng Zhang,Shen-Jing Ji,Yu Cao,Nian-Tzu Suen
It is well known that the “iron” impurity will influence the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline electrolyte, especially for the Ni-based electrocatalyst. Many research studies have investigated the function of Fe in the OER active phase, such as M(OH)2/MOOH (M = Ni and/or Fe), while, surprisingly, very few studies have examined the function of Fe in the “precatalyst” system. Accordingly, in this work, the Ni3–xFexP (x = 0, 0.5, 1) series as an Ni-based precatalyst was employed to inspect the function of internal and external Fe in the Ni-based precatalyst system. It was realized that the sample with internal Fe (i.e., Ni2.5Fe0.5P and Ni2FeP) exhibits efficient OER activity compared to that of the Fe-free one (i.e., Ni3P) owing to the large amount of active M(OH)2/MOOH formed on the surface. This indicates that the internal Fe in the present system may have the ability to facilitate the phase transformation; it was later rationalized from electronic structural calculations that the d band center of the internal Fe (middle transition metal) and Ni (late transition metal) holds the key for this observation. Adding excessive ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O) as the external Fe in the electrolyte will greatly improve the OER performances for Ni3P; nevertheless, that the OER activity of Ni2FeP is still much superior than that of Ni3P corroborates the fact that the Fe impurity is not the only reason for the elevated OER activity of Ni2FeP and that internal Fe is also critical to the phase transformation as well as OER performance.
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