GLASS PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·Vol. 49
·期 5
·463-477
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IF 0.7
Wence Xu,Cao Zhao,Ma Rui,Zhang Yuxuan,Wu Nannan,Ouyang Shunli
Abstract Utilizing mining and metallurgical waste as a resource is one of the effective methods to tackle the issue of solid waste accumulation. In this study, the CaO–MgO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 system glass–ceramics were prepared based on the traditional melt-casting technique using iron ore slag as the main raw material. Investigations were done on how different iron ion concentrations affected glass–ceramics properties. And the migration pattern of iron ions was explored deeply using Raman spectroscopy and FTIR. XRD revealed the crystallization ability of augite and magnetite increasing as the iron ions grew. The combination of vibrating sample magnetometer, electron backscatter diffraction, and MFM techniques indicates that the distribution of magnetite, grain size, and structure are connected to the magnetic performances of glass–ceramics. Glass–ceramics has outstanding magnetic properties and flexural strength. Therefore, it has vast potential for future development in electronic devices, wear-resistant applications, and electromagnetic shielding.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 46
·期 8
·118178
·
IF 6.2
Qicheng Li,Xiufang Cui,Zhuo Chen,Zhijia Zhang,Yuqi Dong,Shinan Hu,Shitong Chen,Tong Shang,Yongchao Fang,Guo Jin
Three high-entropy silicates were synthesized: (Y 0.25 Er 0.25 Yb 0.25 Lu 0.25 ) 2 SiO 5 (4HE), (Nd 0.2 Y 0.2 Er 0.2 Yb 0.2 Lu 0.2 ) 2 SiO 5 (NdHE), and (La 0.2 Y 0.2 Er 0.2 Yb 0.2 Lu 0.2 ) 2 SiO 5 (LaHE)，with systematic analysis of size disorder effects on crystal structure and phase composition. Using Y 2 SiO 5 as a control, the corrosion resistance of these rare earth silicates was compared, and the influence of La 3 + and Nd 3+ doping on CMAS corrosion was analyzed. The research results demonstrate that La doping induces the formation of 7.51 wt% X1 phase due to high size disorder (δ = 0.0854), whereas NdHE maintains a nearly single-phase X2-type structure. NdHE exhibits the optimal CMAS corrosion resistance in isothermal CMAS corrosion experiments conducted at both 1400 ℃ and 1500 ℃. This is attributed to Nd 3+ doping accelerating the precipitation of apatite-phase corrosion products and altering their growth orientation, thereby enabling rapid formation of a continuous, dense corrosion layer at the melt-substrate interface, which effectively impedes further rapid penetration of CMAS.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.6
Xinyuan Li,Yixin Xiao,Haizhong Zheng,Peifeng Zhou,Guifa Li,Yongxiang Geng,Mengxue Xia
Yb 3+ -Ce 4+ -La 2 Zr 2 O 7 / yttria stabilized zirconia (LYZCO/YSZ) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are susceptible to corrosion by high-temperature CMAS (calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate). In this paper, a femtosecond laser was used to modify periodic raised structures (with a base diameter of 100 μm, a height of 120 μm, and an interval of 70 μm) on the surface of the glazed LYZCO/YSZ coating. The results show that by introducing raised microstructures on the glaze layer, the stable contact angle of molten CMAS significantly increases from 28° (unmodified) to 73° (modified). After corrosion at 1250 °C for 1 h and 2 h, the average reaction layer thickness of the modified glazed coating (LC-LYZCO/YSZ) was 8.0 ± 1 μm and 11.0 ± 1 μm, respectively. Compared with the unmodified glazed coating (LG-LYZCO/YSZ), this corresponds to a reduction of ∼28% and ∼21% in thickness. This structure effectively delays the wetting and penetration of high-temperature CMAS by suppressing the lateral diffusion rate of CMAS and intensifying the interfacial reaction, providing a novel technical insight for the research on the resistance of TBCs to CMAS corrosion.
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Corrosion Communications
·
2026
·
IF 10.7
Jie Li,Na Zhang,Cui Zhou,Tiefeng Du,Jialin Li,Luchao Sun,Bin Liu,Jingyang Wang
Exploring new materials with exceptional calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicates (CMAS) corrosion resistance is a pivotal research hotspot in advancing protective coatings for gas turbine engines. In this work, the CMAS corrosion behaviour and degradation mechanism of a newly developed high-entropy (La 0.25 Sm 0.25 Gd 0.25 Ho 0.25 )AlO 3 ceramic were systematically investigated at 1300°C with exposure durations of 4, 25, 50, and 100 h. The unique combination of multiple rare earth and Al compositions in (La 0.25 Sm 0.25 Gd 0.25 Ho 0.25 )AlO 3 ceramic enables simultaneous regulation of both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the corrosion process: a low apatite formation threshold (governed by thermodynamics) and accelerated crystallization of reaction products (governed by kinetics). These factors collectively accelerate the reduction of CMAS corrosion reactivity and the formation of dense protective product layers. Consequently, after 100 h of CMAS exposure, the reaction layer thickness is effectively limited to only 66.4±10.2 μm, smaller than that of single-RE-principle REAlO 3 . This study reveals that (La 0.25 Sm 0.25 Gd 0.25 Ho 0.25 )AlO 3 represents a highly promising candidate for protective coatings applications, while simultaneously highlighting a composition design strategy for developing advanced anti-CMAS materials.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Yang Feng,Yong Shang,Yanling Pei,Guanghua Liu,Jian Sun,Yang Lu,KeKe Chang,Shengkai Gong,Huibin Xu
The corrosion behavior of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) under the synergistic effect of calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (CMAS) and NaCl under near-service conditions (the flame temperature can reach 1900°C and the flame speed can reach 0.5Mach) was investigated using a burner rig. The results indicated that when the surface temperature of the top coating (TC) (∼1200°C) was lower than the melting point of the CMAS, after thermal shock in a water environment, the phase of the CMAS on the TC surface remained stable, and the CMAS did not penetrate the TC interior. However, after thermal shock in a NaCl environment, the presence of NaCl disrupted the silicate network structure of CMAS, lowering its melting point and viscosity; meanwhile, the high-speed flame (0.5 Mach) promoted the penetration of CMAS melt into the TC, resulting in a porosity decrease in TC from 8.4 ± 0.88% to 6.92 ± 0.53%. The dominant mechanism of CMAS infiltration into TC changed from capillary-driven to a combined capillary-dynamic process. Meanwhile, the transformation of the chain-structured diopside (Ca(Mg, Al)(Si, Al) 2 O 6 ) in the CMAS to the island-structured magnesium feldspar (Ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 ). Additionally, NaCl accelerated the formation of the non-protective oxide Cr 2 O 3 in the thermally grown oxides layer. This study provides new insights into the corrosion protection and performance optimization of TBC systems under near-service conditions.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Shibin Wu,Guoqing Chen,Zhou Wu,Fushan Li,Hongxing Zhang,Zheng Lv,Xuesong Fu,Wenlong Zhou,Yufei Zu
Traditional yttria-stabilized zirconia and conventional high-entropy fluorite oxides (HEOs) are crucial materials as thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in high-temperature engineering applications. However, corrosive deposits of molten calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate (CMAS) on the surface induce severe thermochemical degradation, thereby severely deteriorating the structural integrity and thermal efficiency of the coating system. To enhance the CMAS corrosion resistance of HEOs, this study introduces a novel doping strategy that utilizes the ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS) method to co-incorporate tantalum (Ta 5 + ) and multi-principal rare-earth (RE) ions into the fluorite-structured HEO matrix. The UHS method enables rapid preparation of Ta-doped HEO within 60 s, while maintaining the single-phase fluorite structure. The doping of Ta 5+ ions significantly enhances the reaction with Si and Ca elements in the CMAS melt, thereby promoting the crystallization of CaTa 2 O 6 , Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 , and MgAl 2 O 4 phases, while the formed CaTa 2 O 6 particles serve as heterogeneous nucleation substrates for anorthite precipitation. Concurrently, the participation of multiple RE ions in the precipitation of Ca 2 RE 8 (SiO 4 ) 6 O 2 and separated RE-MeO 2−δ phase consolidates with the CaTa 2 O 6 phase to form a dense multiphase composite layer at the interface, effectively hindering the diffusion of CMAS melt through both physical blocking and chemical inhibition. Ultimately, this study provides a practical basis for designing the next generation of corrosion-resistant TBC materials capable of withstanding extreme environments. Download: Download high-res image (265KB) Download: Download full-size image In this work, the dense Ta 5+ -doped HEOs were successfully fabricated by the UHS method. After following prolonged corrosion in molten CMAS salts at 1300 °C, the significant phase separation occurred in the undoped HEO ceramic, while a substantial reaction interface layer on the surface of the HEO ceramic. Meanwhile, a compact surface layer comprising apatite and phase-separated fluorite phases formed, effectively blocking further CMAS penetration. It is worth noting that the corroded 0.2Ta-doped HEO after the CMAS corrosion reaction generates enriched Ta 5+ and RE ions in the CMAS melt. This increased the reaction with Si and Ca element at high temperatures, promoting substantial crystallization of the CaTa 2 O 6 , Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 , and MgAl 2 O 4 phases. Meanwhile, the interface layer formed a densely structured surface composed primarily of apatite, secondary fluorite phases, and CaTa 2 O 6 particles. When the temperature was elevated to 1500 °C, the atomic mobility within CMAS increased, and the growth rate of the interfacial reaction layer formed by 0.2Ta-doped HEO significantly reduced, demonstrating that the compact reaction layer retains its ability to inhibit CMAS corrosion even at elevated temperatures. Fig. The synthesis route and anti-CMAS corrosion behavior of the HEOs
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Open Ceramics
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Sehreish Abrar,Faisal Nazeer
The matched CTE with SiC-based ceramics composites, low thermal conductivity and better corrosion resistance against calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CMAS) are the basic requirements for suitable thermal/environmental barrier coating materials for silicon-based ceramics. Rare earth silicates have better corrosion resistance against CMAS and water vapor but their high thermal conductivity and higher value of CTE limit their applications. Inspired by the high entropy effect, a new quaternary (Er 1/4 Sc 1/4 Tm 1/4 Yb 1/4 ) 2 SiO 5 or (4RE 1/4 ) 2 SiO 5 monosilicate was fabricated to improve the overall performance. The TEM analysis shows the uniform mixing of powders after synthesis. The as-synthesized (4RE 1/4 ) 2 SiO 5 monosilicate shows a matched CTE value of 3 to 5.5 × 10 -6 /K with SiC-based composites due to severe lattice distortion and chemical bonding variation. The point defects, including mass mismatch and oxygen vacancies, lead to a lower thermal conductivity value (1.2 W/m·K) of (4RE 1/4 ) 2 SiO 5 monosilicate. Furthermore, the quaternary (4RE 1/4 ) 2 SiO 5 monosilicate also shows better resistance against CMAS at high temperatures and for longer periods. Overall, the above (4RE 1/4 ) 2 SiO 5 monosilicate is a suitable candidate to use as T/EBC material.
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Surface Science and Technology
·
2026
·Vol. 4
·期 1
·29
·
IF 7
Huang Shuang,Yu Zhiyun,Mao Ronghui,Huang Du,Wei Xuanchen,Liang Tianquan
This work investigates the growing behavior of reaction layers on TiO 2 -doped Al 2 O 3 ceramics in molten CMAS at 1250 °C. Initial reactions rapidly form Ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 and CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 phases. A thin-dense CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 reaction layer (DRL) forms within 15 min, evolving into a double-layered structure (outer CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 / inner MgAl 2 O 4 ) after 4 h. The reaction layer thickening follows the parabolic law, with a rate that decreases significantly after 4 h as the DRL plays a positive role in inhibiting the diffusion of Si 4+ , Al 3+ , and less effect on the, Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ . Crucially, the study elucidates the mechanism by which TiO 2 modulates the growing kinetics: TiO 2 enhances the chemical driving force for Ca 2+ infiltration through the DRL. This accelerated diffusion leads to the precipitation of a CaTiO 3 zone beneath the DRL, which alters the local compositional gradients and sustains the reaction layer growth. Kinetic models describing the layer thickness over time were established, and the underlying corrosion mechanisms were analyzed.
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ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2026
·
IF 9.3
Sai Liu,Xiaopeng Hu,Guangsheng Chen,Shenxiang Luo,Yu Zou,Jinwei Guo,Wang Zhu
Despite their promise as candidates for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), the engineering application of A 6 B 2 O 17 ( A = Hf, Zr; B = Ta, Nb) ceramics is currently limited by a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding their CMAS corrosion behavior and underlying mechanisms. This paper addresses this gap by elucidating the governing effects of compositional modulation and corrosion conditions on the CMAS corrosion performance of these ceramics, integrating experimental and first-principles theoretical approaches. The results demonstrate that while all compositions exhibit similar corrosion products and resistance mechanisms, A 6 Ta 2 O 17 (particularly Hf 6 Ta 2 O 17 ) displays superior corrosion resistance. This enhanced performance is attributed to a combination of factors, including its exceptional thermodynamic stability, reduced Ca 2+ diffusivity, the significant barrier effect of its dense corrosion product layer, and stronger interfacial bonding strength. Corrosion-induced spallation in Zr 6 B 2 O 17 primarily stems from two factors: the phase transformation of ZrO 2 and an inherently weak interfacial bonding strength. Moreover, while an elevated Ca/Si ratio increases the aggressiveness of CMAS melts, the formation of a dense corrosion product layer on the ceramic surface effectively mitigates this detrimental effect.
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Coatings
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 3
·327
·
IF 3.4
Ronghui Mao,Shuang Huang,Yilan Dou,Xinyi Mo,Tianquan Liang
HighlightsWhat are the main findings?•The dense double reaction layer of anorthite–spinel exhibits a positive effect on inhibiting the infiltration of calcium–magnesium–aluminum-silicate.•The thickness of the reaction layer increases with reaction time, while the growth rate rapidly decreases.•More Gd2O3doping enhances the outward diffusion of Gd3+and promotes the crystallization of the CMAS and apatite phases.•The inward infiltration of CMAS and outward diffusion of Al3+and Gd3+along the grain boundaries of the anorthite and/or spinel phases thicken the reaction layers.What are the implications of the main findings?•They clarify the reaction mechanism between Al2O3-based ceramics and CMAS in a high-temperature environment.•Doping with rare-earth Gd2O3can serve as an effective strategy for enhancing the CMAS corrosion resistance of Al2O3-based ceramics.•This study provides valuable reference guidance for the compositional design and research development of CMAS corrosion-resistant materials.The exploration of new materials with stable molten calcium–magnesium–aluminum-silicate (CMAS) resistance at elevated temperatures is of great significance to the development of advanced aero-engines. In the present study, Al2O3−xGd2O3(x = 5, 10, 20, 30 mol.%) ceramic samples were prepared by the high-temperature solid-state synthesis method. The thermochemical reaction behavior, reaction products, and growth kinetics of the reaction layer for the ceramics with molten CMAS at 1300 °C were investigated. The results reveal that the primary reaction products between Al2O3−xGd2O3ceramics and molten CMAS are anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8), gehlenite (Ca2Al(AlSi)O7), spinel (MgAl2O4), and Gd-apatite (Ca2Gd8(SiO4)6O2). In the initial reaction stage, a dense double-layer reaction layer composed of anorthite and spinel is formed at the ceramic/CMAS interface, while its growth rate decreases with increasing reaction time. Increasing the Gd2O3doping content inhibits the growth of the reaction layer and enhances the CMAS penetration resistance of Al2O3−xGd2O3ceramics. The mechanism is discussed systematically.
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