POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Wenyu Wu,Wenjie Liu,Meijie Li,Penglin Kang,Dongqian Fan,Xiaodong Li,Shuangqi Hu
Regulating the structure of energetic materials to enhance safety performance has become a hot topic for researchers in recent years. This study prepared spherical co-aggregated CL-20/HMX with controllable microstructure using a combination of microfluidic and self-assembly strategies within a modular micro-reaction system. The morphology and agglomeration structures of CL-20/HMX particles were investigated with different mixing plates, solvent/nonsolvent flow rate ratio, and solvent content. Spherical co-aggregated CL-20/HMX co-crystals were prepared under optimized conditions, and the formation mechanism was analyzed. The impact of the spherical aggregation structure on the thermal properties and mechanical sensitivity was thoroughly studied. The results indicate that the spherical co-aggregated CL-20/HMX was assembled from lamellar nanoparticles, controlling CL-20 crystal morphology at the molecular level. CL-20/HMX co-aggregated microspheres exhibit higher mechanical safety and thermal stability than conventional reaction samples and physical mixing samples. Combining spherical aggregation structures and a microfluidic approach enhances thermal decomposition stability and improves safety. This research offers a novel strategy for developing and fabricating other energetic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
安全工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 8.067
Jun Guo,Yu-Ke Zhu,Lin Chen,Zi-Yuan Wang,Zhen-Hua Ge,Jing Feng
Bi 2 S 3 -based alloys are considered promising thermoelectric materials due to their large Seebeck coefficient and low lattice thermal conductivity . However, low electrical conductivity usually leads to poor electrical transport properties, which seriously restricts their further application in thermoelectric refrigeration and/or power generation. In this work, Bi 2 S 3 with high electrical transport properties is synthesized hydrothermally via Se and Cl co-doping. The maximum electrical conductivity value of 483 S cm −1 was obtained for the Bi 2 S 2.4 Se 0.4 Cl 0.20 sample at room temperature. The significant improvement of electrical conductivity gives rise to a high average power factor of 411 μW m −1 K −2 during the measuring temperature range and a peak value of 456 μW m −1 K −2 at 673 K. Benefiting from the largely improved electrical transport properties, a superior ZT value of approximately 0.66 and ZT ave . of 0.36 were obtained for Bi 2 S 2.4 Se 0.4 Cl 0.20 , and the theoretically calculated conversion efficiency reached 5.7%. The results indicate that Bi 2 S 3 is a promising candidate for thermoelectric applications at medium temperatures.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热电学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 8.301
C. Chen,H. Li,J. Yi,Z. Qin,C. Wang,Z. Sun,Y. Xu,S. Xu,F. Zhao
The study of multiple complex catalytic mechanisms is currently one of the great scientific issues for the application of high-energy solid propellants . Two novel heterobimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), Ba 4 Pb 4 (CH 3 CO 2 ) 8 [(CH 6 CO 2 ) 4 Pb](CH 3 CO 2 ) 4 (PbBa-MOF) and Ba 2 Ni(CO 2 H) 6 (OH 2 ) 4 (NiBa-MOF), were prepared via the solvothermal method, and their structures and composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques and N 2 adsorption/desorption experiment. The thermal decomposition characteristics of the two MOFs and their catalytic performances on the hexanitro hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) thermolysis were also studied by differential scanning calorimetr (DSC) and thermogravimetric-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-mass spectrum (TG-FTIR-MS) methods. The results showed that the NiBa-MOF presented a lower initial decomposition temperature than the PbBa-MOF, and the difference of the MOFs structures affected the starting point of thermal decomposition. Compared with the pure CL-20, the thermolysis peak temperature and apparent activation energy ( E a ) of the CL-20/PbBa-MOF mixture were decreased by 2.2 °C and 23.76 kJ‧mol −1 , respectively. The E a of CL-20/NiBa-MOF mixture was lower and 42.01 kJ‧mol −1 , indicating the better catalytic activity of NiBa-MOF. The thermolysis catalytic mechanisms were studied by analyzing the transformation of gas products during the pyrolysis of mixtures. The effect of these two MOFs on the CL-20 thermolysis is primarily owing to the strong attraction of metal cations to electronics, bimetallic synergistic catalysis, and the release of active free radicals. Furthermore, the laser ignition and flame propagation features showed that these two MOFs reduced the minimum ignition power density and ignition delay time of the CL-20, and the flame becomes brighter and more luminous. The influence of the two MOFs on the flame bright spot of CL-20 based mixtures was described.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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燃烧与推进
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2025
·
IF 2.6
Justin Darku Quansah,Xuexue Zhang,Zhi-Hua Xue,Qi-Long Yan
Insensitive hybrid energetic crystals of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX) and 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) were successfully synthesized by intercalation of triaminoguanidine-glyoxal crosslinked graphene oxide (GO-TAGP) at varying concentrations (0.5–2.0 wt%). The resulting composites exhibited enhanced density (3.2% increase for GO–TAGP modified HMX and 2.8% for GO-TAGP modified CL-20) and improved thermal stability, attributed to strong interfacial interactions between the GO-TAGP and the energetic molecules. This study investigates the correlation between GO-TAGP content and mechanical properties, which critically influence the initiation sensitivity of these hybrid nitramine crystals. Nanoindentation tests revealed a 14% increase in maximum load capacity (from 35 mN to 40 mN) for GO-TAGP reinforced HMX compared to pure β-HMX, along with a 10% higher displacement before failure. Similarly, GO-TAGP modified CL-20 demonstrated a 17% improvement in elastic modulus (from 8.7 GPa to 10.2 GPa) and a 22% increase in hardness (from 0.45 GPa to 0.55 GPa) at optimal GO loading. The elevated modulus values confirm that GO-TAGP reinforcement significantly enhances structural rigidity, enabling the composites to endure greater mechanical stress without deformation. Concurrently, the hardness improvements suggest superior resistance to localized plastic deformation, indicative of a more robust interfacial bonding within the modified crystal lattice. These enhancements contribute to reduced mechanical sensitivity, ensuring safer handling and storage of these high-energy materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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应用物理学
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纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·
IF 3.83
Yanli Zhang,Zongchao Zhu,Yiheng Gu,Han Chen,Yifeng Zheng,Lin Ge
In this paper, a novel Cl − anion doping strategy is proposed to modify the electrochemical performance of Sr 2 Fe 1.5 Mo 0.5 O 6− δ (SFM) cathode for solid oxide fuel cells. A series of Cl-doped Sr 2 Fe 1.5 Mo 0.5 O 6− x − δ Cl x (SFMCl x , x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) materials is synthesized by the citric acid–glycine combustion method, and the effect of Cl doping on the crystal structure and electrochemical performance is systemically investigated. The doping of Cl into the SFM leads to the lattice expansion, and the electrochemical performance of Cl-doped SFMCl x cathodes is effectively improved as a result of the enhanced mobility of lattice oxygen introduced by Cl doping. The optimal composition with x = 0.2 (sample Sr 2 Fe 1.5 Mo 0.5 O 5.8− δ Cl 0.2 , noted as SFMCl0.2) exhibits a minimum polarization resistance R p value of 1.987 Ω cm 2 at 600 °C, reduced by 38.04% compared with the SFM cathode. These results suggest that Cl doping is an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of cathode for solid oxide fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
·
2024
·
IF 1.7
Jingyi Yu,Hao Sun,Cong Zheng,Weiwei Jiang,Nan Wang,Zhiqiang Li,Sumei Wu,Hualong Tao,Tingting Yao,Hualin Wang,Shimin Liu,Chaoqian Liu,Wanyu Ding,Zhihua Zhang
Pure TiO 2 , Sn/Cl co-doped TiO2 and Sn/Cl co-doped TiO 2 -ZnO were fabricated and compared by a novel one-pot method to improve the photocatalytic performance of pure TiO2, which accomplishes the construction of heterojunctions simultaneously with doping by volatile solid solution. TG-DSC, XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM, EDS, TEM, SAED, UV–Vis, PL and EIS were characterized to investigate the influence mechanism of Sn/Cl co-doping and ZnO content (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mol.%) on the thermal effect, crystal structure, morphology, composition, charge transfer behavior and photocatalytic performance of samples. Results indicate that ZnO appears and SnO2 disappears simultaneously with anatase TiO2 as the main phase by increasing ZnO content, and the morphology is changed from irregular sphere to sphere-sheet and sphere-plate correspondingly. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency first increases and then decreases, and achieves the maximum value of 73 % by SCT/Z50 which has sphere-sheet heterostructure containing more hydroxyl radicals, under 15 W weak-UV light irradiations for 3 h using methyl orange (MO) as pollutant. The excellent photocatalytic performance is attributed to the structural and morphological effects of Sn/Cl co-doping and ZnO introduction, which can increase the electron-hole separation efficiency. The optimized composition also has great potential in practical photocatalytic application due to the commercial advantage that ZnO is much cheaper than TiO2.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2022
·Vol. 23
·期 12
·6710
·
IF 6.208
Binghui Duan,Xianming Lu,Hongchang Mo,Bojun Tan,Bozhou Wang,Ning Liu
Safety concerns remain a bottleneck for the application of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro- 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)/1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane (HMX) cocrystal. Melamine–formaldehyde (MF) resin was chosen to fabricate CL-20/HMX cocrystal-based core–shell composites (CH@MF composites) via a facile in situ polymerization method. The resulted CH@MF composites were comprehensively characterized, and a compact core–shell structure was confirmed. The effects of the shell content on the properties of the composites were explored as well. As a result, we found that, except for CH@MF–2 with a 1% shell content, the increase in shell content led to a rougher surface morphology and more close-packed structure. The thermal decomposition peak temperature improved by 5.3 °C for the cocrystal enabled in 1.0 wt% MF resin. Regarding the sensitivity, the CH@MF composites exhibited a significantly reduced impact and friction sensitivity with negligible energy loss compared with the raw cocrystal and physical mixtures due to the cushioning and insulation effects of the MF coating. The formation mechanism of the core–shell micro-composites was further clarified. Overall, this work provides a green, facile and industrially potential strategy for the desensitization of energetic cocrystals. The CH@MF composites with high thermal stability and low sensitivity are promising to be applied in propellants and polymer-bonded explosive (PBX) formulations.Keywords:CL-20/HMX cocrystal;in situ polymerization;core–shell structure;desensitization;thermal stability
研究领域:
材料科学
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爆炸物化学
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高能材料工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Jiaxin Yao,Feng Gao,Yi Zhao,Yajie Tian,Xin Yu,Yanting Tang
Fabricating semiconductor photocatalysts with abundant oxygen vacancies and porous structures contributes to charge separation and surface photocatalytic degradation reactions. In this work, porous Cl-Nb 2 O 5-x nanostructures were synthesized via a calcination method using NbCl 5 as the niobium and chlorine sources to achieve efficient tetracycline degradation under visible-light irradiation. Porous Nb 2 O 5-x nanostructures were formed during the calcination process accompanied by the generation of oxygen vacancies. The obtained Cl-Nb 2 O 5-x samples demonstrated significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance compared to commercial Nb 2 O 5 . The synthesized Cl-Nb 2 O 5-x -450 sample exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance, achieving a maximal rate constant of 0.03093 min −1 , which markedly surpassed that of commercial Nb 2 O 5 . The remarkable enhancement in tetracycline degradation of the Cl-Nb 2 O 5-x photocatalysts was mainly attributed to the generation of oxygen vacancies and porous structures with large surface areas. Finally, the photodegradation pathways of tetracycline facilitated by the Cl-Nb 2 O 5-x photocatalysts and a plausible photocatalytic mechanism of the Cl-Nb 2 O 5-x photocatalysts were also investigated in this work.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
·
2021
·
IF 3.995
Chao Chen,Haijian Li,Zhao Qin,Changjian Wang,Yi Xu,Zhihua Sun,Siyu Xu,Jianhua Yi,Fengqi Zhao
Hexanitro complex K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] was prepared via the co-precipitation method, and its composition and morphology were characterized by XRD , SEM , XPS and FT-IR techniques. The catalytic performances of K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] for CL-20, FOX-7 and TKX-50 thermolysis were also discussed and studied by using DSC and TG-DTG-MS. After K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] were mixed with CL-20, the activation energy ( E a ) of thermolysis reaction was increased, while the heat release was greatly improved, and the transformation from NH 3 to NO occurred. It is attributed to that the decomposition products of K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] have strong effects on the oxidation of the radicals and the electrons transfer . Besides, the thermolysis E a of FOX-7 by addition of the K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] was increased by 81.03 kJ mol −1 , and the heat release was greatly increased. In addition to that the two-step separate thermolysis processes of pure FOX-7 was almost replaced by a one-step exothermic reaction for the FOX-7/K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] mixture, which was due to that Ni 2+ cations could effectively increase the activity of amino groups in the FOX-7 thermolysis process. Finally, K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] scarcely has the thermolysis catalytic activity of TKX-50 owing to the influence of metal cations on the decomposition of the hydroxylamine . Furtherly, the characteristics of ignition and flame propagation on the three energetic mixtures were strongly correlated to their thermolysis pathway and mechanism. The comparative study on the effects of K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ] to the CL-20, FOX-7 and TKX-50 thermolysis and ignition showed that the hexanitro complex has great significance on promoting the heat release efficiency of solid propellants for future study.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学动力学
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含能材料
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催化化学
·
热分析
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2022
·
IF 4.432
Ling-jie Zhang,Jian Liu,Long-bo Luo,Xiang-yang Liu,Xu Wang
The combination of high breakdown strength and low dielectric loss has always been a challenge for the preparation of high energy storage density dielectric films . In this work, in order to optimize their dielectric performances, we develop a series of all-organic PI composite films by introducing perchlorinated hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (Cl-HBC) molecules with a concentration (0.01–0.1mol%) into PI film. Even at an ultra-low concentration, the Cl-HBC molecule with a quasi-two-dimensional structure would successfully induce the in-plane orientation of PI macromolecular chains and reduce their orientation confusion and molecular cavity. Thus, the existence of Cl-HBC obviously limits the chain mobility of PI in PI-Cl-HBC film under the electric field, which is supposed to reduce the dielectric loss of resulted films. Moreover, Cl-HBC molecules are equipped with a low Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) of about −3.52eV and could work as an electron trap and block the conduction of electrons in the PI composite film. Here, the breakdown strength of the composite film was improved from 442 kV/mm (pure PI) to 539 kV/mm and the dielectric loss was reduced to 0.002. To our best knowledge, it is the first time to significantly enhance the dielectric strength and largely reduce its dielectric loss simultaneously by preparing PI composite film. Meanwhile, compared with pure PI, the energy storage density of composite film increases by 43% and 96% at room temperature and 150 °C, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电气工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 44
·期 5
·1858-1864
·
IF 3.288
Zongkai Wu,Jiangfeng Pei,Xiuduo Song,Ning Liu,Jianguo Li,Ming Zhang,Jun Zhang,Dongxiang Zhang,Fengqi Zhao
The DSC-TG-MS-FTIR coupling technique and in situ FTIR technique were used to study the catalytic effects of nano-Fe2O3 and rGO–Fe2O3 on the thermal decomposition behaviors of CL-20/HMX cocrystals. The results showed nano-Fe2O3 having a good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of the CL-20/HMX cocrystal. Nano-Fe2O3 was found to enhance CO2 production and prevent the production of NH2+, HCN, and CHO or N2H+ during the decomposition of cocrystalline CL-20/HMX. Meanwhile, both the CL-20/HMX thermal decomposition peak temperature and Ea were reduced by including nano-Fe2O3. The inclusion of rGO–Fe2O3 did not enhance the catalytic effect of nano-Fe2O3, but did reduce residue formation during the CL-20/HMX decomposition process. Breaking of N–N bonds and the release of NO2 were concluded to constitute the initial steps of the decomposition of the CL-20/HMX cocrystal. This investigation has contributed to our understanding of the thermal decomposition of the CL-20/HMX cocrystal and provides guidance for the catalytic decomposition of energetic material cocrystals.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学动力学
·
能量材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2020
·Vol. 9
·期 6
·2047-2053
·
IF 7.059
Guojun Zhou,Zhiyang Liu,Maxim S. Molokeev,Zewen Xiao,Zhiguo Xia,Xian-Ming Zhang
Low-dimensional-networked metal halides are attractive for the screening of emitters applied in solid-state lighting and displays, but the lead toxicity and poor stability are obstacles that must be overcome in industrial applications. Herein, we aim at the discovery of bright and stable photoluminescence in zero-dimensional (0D) Mn2+-based metal halides. By manipulation of Cl/Br transmutation, the nature of the halogen can be confirmed as a pivotal factor to tune the PL behaviors, and the optimum Mn2+ emission with a high PLQY of 99.8% and a short lifetime of 0.372 ms can be achieved in (C24H20P)2MnBr4. The thermal quenching behaviors have been discussed in depth, indicating that the synergistic effect of good chemical stability of organic groups, a long Mn⋯Mn distance of 10.447 Å and a relatively large activation energy (ΔE = 0.277 eV) provides a platform for achieving excellent thermal stability in (C24H20P)2MnBr4. Moreover, the as-fabricated white LED device with a high luminous efficacy of 118.9 lm W−1 and a wide color gamut of 105.3% National Television System Committee (NTSC) shows that (C24H20P)2MnBr4 can be employed as a desirable narrow-band green emitter for LED displays. This work provides a new understanding of fine tailoring halogens, and proposes a feasible approach to achieving high thermal stability emitters toward the targeted practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）