JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2023
·Vol. 170
·期 4
·047505
·
IF 3.9
Yao Xiong,Ruimei Wu,Lulu Xu,Ying Zhong,Yu Ge,Yangping Wen,Hang Yao,Weiqi Zhou,Shirong Ai
Extraordinary electronic performance and unique structural characteristic of black phosphorene (BP) often is used as electrode modified materials in electrochemical sensors. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) strategy for phosphorene nanozyme sensor and its the intelligent of clenbuterol (CLB) in pork and pig serum samples is prepared. The silver nanoparticles decorate BP to prevent oxidative degradation of BP surface and further hybridize with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites containing nafion (Nf) treated with isopropanol (IP) to improve environmental stability and electrocatalytic capacity of BP. Back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model combined with genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to optimize sensor parameters such as BP concentrations, MWCNTs concentrations and ratio of VNf:VIP, and compared with orthogonal experimental design (OED). Least square support vector machine, radial basis function and extreme learning machine are implemented to establish quantitative analysis model for CLB. The results showed that the CLB response current of BP sensor by BP-ANN-GA was improved 9.02% over OED method. Compared with the traditional linear regression, three models displayed better predictive performance, and LS-SVM was the best with the R2, RMSE and MAE and RPD of 0.9977, 0.0303, 0.0225, and 18.74, respectively. The average recoveries of CLB in pork and pig serum was 98.66% ∼ 101.67%, and its relative standard deviations was 0.19% ∼ 0.84%, indicating that electrochemical sensor using machine learning for intelligent analysis of CLB in animal-derived agro-products products was both feasible and practical.
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高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 50
·32737-32743
·
IF 4.036
Shuyan Xiao,Liang Sun,Mingqin Kang,Zhongping Dong
A novel label-free aptasensor for the specific detection of clenbuterol was developed through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism by using an aptamer as the target recognition element, rhodamine B (RhoB) as the fluorescence probe and graphene oxide (GO) as the fluorescence quencher. In the absence of clenbuterol, the aptamer was adsorbed on the surface of GO, preventing the interaction between RhoB and GO, and a high fluorescence signal was obtained. In the presence of clenbuterol, the aptamer specially bound to clenbuterol with a high affinity and detached from the surface of GO, while positively charged rhodamine B could be electrostatically adsorbed onto the surface of GO, thus quenching the fluorescence. By comparing the fluorescence intensity before and after the addition of clenbuterol, a simple and fast fluorescence assay for clenbuterol was established with a detection range of 100–700 nM and a detection limit of 9.6 nM. Moreover, the proposed method was successfully applied in the determination of clenbuterol in pork samples with recoveries in the range of 96.75–104.91% and a relative standard deviation of less than 5.67%. Because of its easy operation, fast response, low cost and competitive analytical performance, this method is a promising candidate for the detection of clenbuterol and can be extended to the detection of other targets by changing the corresponding aptamers.
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高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2018
·Vol. 23
·期 9
·2337
·
IF 3.098
Xixia Liu,Qi Lu,Sirui Chen,Fang Wang,Jianjun Hou,Zhenlin Xu,Chen Meng,Tianyuan Hu,Yaoyao Hou
We describe a multiple combined strategy to discover novel aptamers specific for clenbuterol (CBL). An immobilized ssDNA library was used for the selection of specific aptamers using the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Progress was monitored using real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), and the enriched library was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. Candidate aptamers were picked and preliminarily identified using a gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) biosensor. Bioactive aptamers were characterized for affinity, circular dichroism (CD), specificity and sensitivity. The Q-PCR amplification curve increased and the retention rate was about 1% at the eighth round. Use of the AuNPs biosensor and CD analyses determined that six aptamers had binding activity. Affinity analysis showed that aptamer 47 had the highest affinity (Kd = 42.17 ± 8.98 nM) with no cross reactivity to CBL analogs. Indirect competitive enzyme linked aptamer assay (IC-ELAA) based on a 5′-biotin aptamer 47 indicated the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.18 ± 0.02 ng/L (n = 3), and it was used to detect pork samples with a mean recovery of 83.33–97.03%. This is the first report of a universal strategy including library fixation, Q-PCR monitoring, high-throughput sequencing, and AuNPs biosensor identification to select aptamers specific for small molecules.Keywords:clenbuterol;systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment;real-time quantitative PCR;high-throughput sequencing technology;aptamers;gold nanoparticles biosensor
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高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2014
·Vol. 7
·期 2
·513-520
·
IF 1.938
Yun Xie,Huafang Chang,Kang Zhao,Jianguo Li,Hong Yang,Liyun Mei,Shouming Xu,Anping Deng
In this study, we present a novel immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for the sensitive and quantitative determination of clenbuterol in urine samples. The principle of this new ICA is similar to that based on colloidal gold particles, but using AuMBA@Ag–Ab [e.g. the polyclonal antibody of clenbuterol labelled Au@Ag core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) sandwiched with a Raman reporter (4-mercaptobenzoic acid, MBA)] as a probe. The clenbuterol in solution and the clenbuterol–ovalbumin conjugate previously coated on the test line of the ICA strip competed for limited antibody binding sites on the probe. The specific Raman scattering intensity of MBA on the test line was measured for the quantitative detection of clenbuterol. This proposed assay was completed within 15 min. The IC50 and limit of detection (LOD) values of the assay for clenbuterol were found to be 0.02 ng mL−1 and 0.24 pg mL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of the signal obtained from 10 points along the middle part of the test line were within 4.3–8.7%. There was no cross-reactivity (CR) of the assay with ractopamine or phenylethanolamine A, and only 19% CR with salbutamol. The recoveries of clenbuterol from spiked swine urine samples were in the range of 93.8–112.4% with RSD values in range of 5.2–11.5% (n = 9). The proposed SERS-based ICA was demonstrated to be a rapid, simple and ultrasensitive analytical method for detecting clenbuterol in urine samples and could also be applied for the determination of other target analytes in different matrices.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Qiwen Wang,Meng Wang,Nan Zhang,Xin Huang,Xiaohong Wang,Shengtian Wang
A novel electrochemical sensor based on MoS 2 nanofibers and polyoxometalate H 3 PMo 12 O 40 (HPMo) composite was used for the highly selective and sensitive simultaneous detection of ractopamine (RAC) and clenbuterol (CLB). The electrochemical sensor was prepared firstly by MoS 2 electrospun nanofibers as polyoxometalate (POM) carrier. Then, the morphology structure and physicochemical properties of the nanofiber composites modified electrode were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrochemical technologies. The results showed that HPMo decorated MoS 2 electrospun nanofibers as modified electrodes can not only promote electron transfer but also enhance electrochemical sensing ability towards RAC and CLB. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) results proved that the proposed sensor exhibits good stability, high sensitivity and selectivity in terms of a wide range of 1–70 μM for RAC and 1–350 μM for CLB and a low detection limit of 0.056 μM for RAC and 0.085 μM for CLB, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed sensors were applied to real pork sample analysis, which the recovery of RAC and CLB were 98.5 % − 105.6 % and 98.9 % − 103.1 %, respectively. The results indicate that the electrochemical sensors have a wide application prospect in the detection of β-agonists in animal food sample.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·Vol. 187
·期 6
·1-7
·
IF 6.232
Tian Li,Wu Kexin,Hu Yue,Wang Yue,Zhao Yingjie,Chen Ruizhan,Lu Juan
An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) nanoprobe was fabricated for the determination of clenbuterol (CLB). A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film was coated on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode modified with CdTe-doped multiwall carbon nanotubes. The MIP film with CLB as the template molecule improves the selectivity of the nanoprobe, CdTe is used as ECL signal amplifier, and MWCNT works as the carrier. The ECL intensity is altered by elution and reabsorption of CLB. The possible reaction mechanism and experimental parameters of the nanoprobe are discussed. Under optimized conditions, the quenched ECL intensity and the CLB concentration have a linear relationship in the range 2.3 × 10 −9 to 1.5 × 10 −5 mol·L −1 , and the detection limit is 1.0 × 10 −9 mol·L −1 (S/ N = 3). The nanoprobe was successfully applied to the determination of CLB in pork samples.
Schematic representation of the molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence nanoprobe based on complexes consisting of CdTe and multiwall carbon nanotube used to determinate clenbuterol.
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高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2019
·
IF 6.393
Lihui Zhang,Qiwen Wang,Yu Qi,Ling Li,Shengtian Wang,Xiaohong Wang
A new electrochemical sensor based on isopolyacid anions (NH 4 ) 5 PV 8 Mo 4 O 40 (NPVMo) and transition metal zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ) nanocomposites was prepared in double signal amplification for the simultaneous detection of clenbuterol (CLB) and ractopamine (RAC). This is the first time that ZrO 2 was used as POM carrier to prepare electrochemical sensor. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that the synthesized ZrO 2 nanoparticles have a needlelike nanostructure and a larger surface area. The electrochemical measurements such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), amperometric and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) indicated that the NPVMo/ZrO 2 /GCE exhibited much high stability, fast response, good conductivity and electrocatalytic actives, which enhanced peak current and negatively shifted the oxidation potentials of CLB and RAC. Due to the synergistic action between NPVMo and ZrO 2 nanoparticles, DPV results showed that the oxidation of CLB and RAC on NPVMo/ZrO 2 /GCE could be detected selectively and sensitively with low limits of detection, 5.03 × 10 −9 mol L −1 for CLB and 9.3 × 10 −7 mol L −1 for RAC, and a wide range for calibration curves of CLB and RAC from 0.1 to 1000 μM and 3.0 to 50 μM, respectively. In addition, the proposed sensor was applied to detect content of CLB and RAC in pork sample, and the recovery was over the range from 94.4 to 102.3%.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·Vol. 185
·期 8
·1-8
·
IF 5.705
Peng Tao,Wang Jianyi,Zhao Sijun,Xie Sanlei,Yao Kai,Zheng Pimiao,Wang Sihan,Ke Yuebin,Jiang Haiyang
Organic/inorganic hybrid nanoflowers were synthesized from calcium phosphate and protein modified fluorescent gold nanoclusters and antigens. These nanoflowers are shown to be well suited labels for bioassay because they fulfill the functions of biological recognition and signal output. A fluorometric immunoassay was developed that was combined with immunomagnetic separation. In the detection system, the red fluorescence of the supernatant (measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 360/640 nm) is found to be proportional to the clenbuterol (Clen) concentration after two immunomagnetic separations. The assay has a linear response in the 0.5 μg L −1 to 40 μg L −1 Clen concentration range, and 0.167 μg L −1 limit of detection. This makes it well suited for food safety monitoring. The average recoveries from spiked samples range from 92.7 to 109.1% (intra-assay) and 101.2 to 125.7% (inter-assay) with relative standard deviations of <11.6%. Spiked swine urine samples were analyzed by this method, and the results correlated well with data obtained by LC-MS/MS.
Fluorescent hybrid nanoflowers were fabricated with gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs) and antigens. A fluorometric immunoassay based on the use of such nanoflowers and based on immunomagnetic separation was developed to detect clenbuterol residues in swine urine with satisfactory recoveries and acceptable accuracy.
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高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2015
·
IF 3.391
Yiwei Tang,Jianxing Lan,Xue Gao,Xiuying Liu,Defu Zhang,Liqiao Wei,Ziyuan Gao,Jianrong Li
A novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for efficient separation and concentration of clenbuterol (CLB) was synthesized by covalent imprinting approach using CLB derivative as functional monomer. The MIPs synthesized were characterized by scanning electron microscope, nitrogen adsorption analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The binding experimental results showed that the MIPs synthesized had fast adsorption kinetic (20 min at 25 mg L −1 ), high adsorption capacity and specific recognition ability for the analyte. In addition, the MIPs synthesized were successfully used as solid-phase sorbent for CLB sample preparation to be analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. Under optimized experimental conditions, the linear range of the calibration curve was 5–80 μg L −1 ( R 2 = 0.9938). The proposed method was also applied to the analysis of CLB in pork and potable water samples.
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FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 1.548
Gabriel Wafula Khaemba,Bitange Nipa Tochi,Daniel Mukunzi,Isanga Joel,Lingling Guo,Steven Suryobrobowo,Shanshan Song,Hua Kuang,Chuanlai Xu
Being the most used and preferred β2-agonist, clenbuterol (CLB) has been reported to be illegally abused in animal production and breeding as it improves growth rate while inhibiting fat synthesis and deposition leading to buildup of lean muscle. Due to its potential hazard to human health, causing food poisoning that can be fatal, it has been forbidden as a growth promoter for food-producing animals in most countries including China. Therefore, frequent monitoring of CLB abuse is necessary for consumer safety against its residues. We therefore report development of a monoclonal antibody and lateral flow test strip for sensitive detection of CLB in urine samples. In this investigation, male BALB/C mice were first immunized for antibody production. Thereafter, gold nanoparticles were utilized for antigen and antibody immobilization during construction of the strip. Under optimized conditions, the cut-off limit of the test strip was found to be 2.5 and 5 ng/g in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and urine using the wet method. When the dry method was used for CLB detection, the cut-off limit of the test strip in PBS and urine was found to be 3 ng/g. Each test was evaluated within 6 min. The data obtained show that the strip developed is sensitive and has an advantage of fast test results and simplicity and hence can be adopted for screening of CLB residues in urine samples for mitigation of CLB residue effects to human health.
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POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Shi-Lei Ji,Lu-Liang Wang,Ning Zhang
Clenbuterol (CLB) is a bronchodilator for treating respiratory disorders. However, the irrational use of CLB in animal feeding can cause serious risks to human health. The development of selective and efficient adsorbent for CLB removal is of great significance. Herein, we report a convenient covalent grafting approach for the fabrication of molecularly imprinted covalent organic framework (COF) for selective adsorption and removal of CLB from environmental water and milk samples. By integrating the merits of both molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and COFs, the molecularly imprinted COFs named BatBt-MIPs (2,5-bis(allyloxy)terephthalohydrazide, Bat; 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde, Bt) presented the alluring traits of large surface area, tailored-made binding sites, uniform pore structure, and good selectivity for CLB. The adsorption equilibrium for CLB on BatBt-MIPs was quickly reached within 20 min and followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. BatBt-MIPs showed a CLB adsorption capacity of 15.45 mg/g, which is about 3.7 times higher than that of non-imprinted COFs (BatBt-NIPs). Compared with BatBt-NIPs, BatBt-MIPs present improved adsorption selectivity for template CLB. Selective removal of CLB from complex environmental water and milk samples on BatBt-MIPs was also realized. This work provided a new covalent grafting approach to construct novel molecularly imprinted COFs and highlighted the great potential of COF-MIPs in contaminants elimination.
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高影响因子
FOOD CONTROL
·
2016
·
IF 3.388
Ming Li,Yuanyuan Zhang,Yonglai Xue,Xia Hong,Yin Cui,Zhenjiang Liu,Daolin Du
Lanthanide ions, the excellent fluorescence markers, have the potential to simplify the performance of multi-analytes analysis. In this work, a powerful time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) based on dual-labeled format were performed for detecting clenbuterol and salbutamol simultaneously in water and swine feed samples. Europium (Eu 3+ )-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG and Samarium (Sm 3+ )-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG were prepared and used as fluorescent probes. Under optimal conditions, the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) and the limit of detection (LOD, IC 10 ) of the TRFIA were 0.263 and 0.007 ng/mL for clenbuterol, and 0.179 and 0.014 ng/mL for salbutamol, respectively. The cross-reactivities of the TRFIA between these two β 2 -agonists and with their analogues were negligible, thus indicated high specificity and promoted the simultaneous determination. The spiked recoveries were 72.2%–102.2% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 3.4–13.8% for clenbuterol and salbutamol in water and swine feed samples. Furthermore, the results of TRFIA correlated well with those obtained by HPLC. The proposed dual-labeled TRFIA was a satisfactory tool for simultaneous, sensitive, efficient and labour-saving detection of clenbuterol and salbutamol in water and swine feed samples.
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