SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2021
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IF 2.475
Entian Li,Yuanyuan Zhu,Yang Xu,Yihan Zhang,Pei Yao
The sulfur compounds in gasoline will cause air pollution and acid rain. As the main component of the sulfide compounds in gasoline, dibenzothiophene (DBT) is is difficult to remove. To solve this problem, magnetic imidazole ionic liquids (MILs) with different carbon chain alkanes [C4, 6, 8min]Br/FeCl3 were developed to improve the extractive desulfurization performance. Furthermore, Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was added, in combination with MILs to achieve a higher removal rate of DBT in gasoline. The results show that CTAB combined with MILs has a better removal effect on DBT. The mechanism of CTAB combined with MILs gasoline desulfurization was analyzed.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Wood Material Science & Engineering
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2024
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IF 2.2
Mengyao Chen,Haiqiao Zhang,Xingzhou Yao,Ke Tong,Yan Wu
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) offer advantages such as environmental friendliness, recyclability, and biocompatibility, demonstrating promising applications in functional materials, chemical reactions, and electrochemistry. This study investigated the softening effect of DES on beech with the assistance of FeCl3, considering different treatment durations (1, 2, 3, and 4 h) on varying thicknesses (1, 2.5, 3.5, and 5 mm). Results indicate that longer treatment time leads to better softening effects on beech wood at the same thickness. FeCl3 acts as an active site providing acidic protons, thereby enhancing the softening efficiency of DES. Wood treated with Fe3+-assisted DES removes 86% of the lignin and 48% of the hemicelluloses, resulting in enhanced flexibility. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that most of the vessel lumens, cell lumens, and intercellular spaces of beech wood treated with Fe3+-assisted DES are filled with DES, reducing the wood's porosity. Color difference analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy demonstrate that wood color darkens gradually with prolonged treatment time, correlating with the addition of FeCl3. Thermal analysis indicates an improvement in the flame retardancy of the treated wood. This research methodology significantly enhances wood utilization and diversifies the aesthetic possibilities of wood products, thereby may expanding their applications in architecture and furniture.
研究领域:
材料科学
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林业科学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
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2023
·Vol. 31
·期 1
·1-9
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IF 2.8
Wu Hai-Bo,Zhou Xian-Tai,Zhou Xiao-Wu,Fang Yan-Xiong
As a biodegradable polyester, the commercialized synthesis protocol of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) under mild conditions is of great significance and attractive. Herein, the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) using FeCl 3 catalyst and benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator was developed. FeCl 3 has been proved to be an efficient catalyst for the ROP of ε-CL under mild conditions. The conversion of ε-CL to PCL was 98.8% at 60 °C within 4 h, with number-average molecular weight ( M n) and dispersity (PDI) of 1.65 × 10 4 g/mol and 1.28, respectively. Moreover, a coordination-insertion ring-opening polymerization mechanism mediated by FeCl 3 was proposed. Overall, this work is expected to provide a feasible industrial method for the preparation of PCL from the direct aerobic oxidation of cyclohexanone.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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高影响因子
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
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2021
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IF 5.455
Mengmeng Zhang,Jiaying Lou,Rui Xu,Peng Li,Yunfei Sha,Hui Zhang,Yu Jia,Zhenxia Chen,Da Wu,Yun Ling,Yaming Zhou
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring a fcu-type net based on 12-connected [Zr 6 (μ 3 -O) 4 (μ 3 -OH) 4 ] cluster have received considerable interest for the fundamental investigation of structure-property relationships in a wide range of catalytic reactions . In this work, the bipyridine (bpy) chelate group was introduced into the fcu-type framework of UiO-67, giving UiO-67bpy as the catalyst support. Then, FeCl 3 was post-synthetically anchored to the bpy group, resulting into the isolation of FeCl 3 /UiO-67bpy. Catalyzed hydrolysis of 5-hydroxylmethoxyfurfural (HMF) into levulinic acid (LA) was then explored and revealed that it can efficiently and selectively catalytic convert HMF into LA, which is superior to that of FeCl 3 /UiO-67 where FeCl 3 is encapsulated in the cage of UiO-67 and dispersed on the pore surface. The recyclability studies further confirmed the importance of anchored FeCl 3 where there is no significant decrease in catalytic activity as compared with that of FeCl 3 /UiO-67. Taking the detailed textural porosity and catalytic results of isomorphous structures in consideration, our studies revealed that narrowing the pore size with anchored FeCl 3 on the skeleton of the fcu-type Zr-MOF rather than encapsulating FeCl 3 inside the cage is more favored for the rehydration reaction of HMF to LA.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
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2024
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IF 8.3
Yaoxian Hu,Hui Su,Zhaowu Zhu,Minxiu Zhou,Tao Qi
The tributyl phosphate (TBP)/FeCl 3 system has been widely used for lithium extraction from high‑magnesium salt lakes. However, at high TBP concentrations, the Li/Mg selectivity is significantly lower. This study revealed that at high TBP concentrations, TBP alone extracted Mg 2+ to form MgCl 2 ·6TBP as the main product, thus affecting the extraction efficiency of Li + . On this basis, a neutral phosphate with long carbon chains, trioctyl phosphate (TOP), was used to replace TBP. The separation capacity and extraction mechanism of the TOP/FeCl 3 system were studied, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to model the cationic complexes of the TOP and TBP systems. The results showed that in the presence of FeCl 3 , the extraction efficiency of Li + (E Li ) reached 91 %, and the Li/Mg separation factor (β Li/Mg ) was 5688. In contrast, in the TBP/FeCl 3 system with the same concentration, the E Li and β Li/Mg values were much lower at 74 % and 239, respectively. Furthermore, the TOP complex of Li + had shorter Li − O bond lengths and a more negative binding energy, while that formed with Mg 2+ had longer Mg − O bond lengths and the smallest HOMO–LUMO gap, indicating that TOP bonded more stably with Li + and was less prone to Mg 2+ extraction than TBP.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
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2023
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IF 3.8
Jiayi Li,Hengtong Zhang,Hongcai Yang,Shudong Lin
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) exhibit excellent electrical conductivity and hold significant potential for usage in flexible electronics. AgNs can possess a suitable aspect ratio, uniformity, and flexibility that are essential for achieving high-performance flexible transparent conductive films. However, the synthesis of AgNWs presents a challenge in controlling its morphology, often resulting in varying lengths and aspect ratios that are difficult to regulate. Thus, the controlled preparation of AgNWs holds great significance. Herein, AgNWs were synthesized via a polyol method with FeCl 3 and KBr composite metal salt as control agents, silver nitrate as a silver source, ethylene glycol as a reducing agent and solvent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a growth director. By adjusting the ratio and dosage of FeCl 3 and KBr, the morphology controllability of AgNWs was realized, and the obtained AgNWs can be straight or bendable. The surface morphology and microstructure of the AgNWs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Due to the synergistic effect of FeCl 3 and KBr, flexible AgNWs with an average diameter of 25–35 nm, an average length of 35–45 um, and an aspect ratio of over 1000 can be obtained. Mechanism studies have shown that through electrostatic interactions, AgCl, AgBr, NO 3 − , and PVP in the reaction mixture can form binding sites for AgCl-PVP-NO 3 − and AgBr-PVP-NO 3 − , thus causing the silver nanowires to become flexible. Meanwhile, the strong polarization effect caused by Br − in the reaction causes the chain growth to become subject to the dual effects of electrostatic repulsion and external forces, resulting in the formation of flexible and soft silver nanowires.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.1
Renjie Deng,Yao Tian,Yanan Wei,Huajie Liu,Weiwei Yan
para -Nitroaromatic compounds are extensively utilized in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors, functioning as essential synthetic intermediates for the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides, as well as integral structural components in drug molecules. Conventional aromatic nitration predominantly employs the nitro‑sulfuric acid method, which is associated with several limitations, including harsh reaction conditions, safety and environmental issues, and low para -selectivity. In response to these challenges, this thesis explores the use of nitrogen dioxide as an environmentally friendly nitrating agent in conjunction with a supported Lewis acid serving as a solid acid catalyst to facilitate nitration reactions of various simple aromatic compounds under mild conditions. Remarkably, the nitration of toluene achieved a conversion rate of 87.5%, with a para -selectivity of 59.2%. Additionally, this research examined the nitration of other simple aromatic compounds, such as fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, iodobenzene, and anisole, resulting in improved conversion rates and increased selectivity for ortho products in all instances. The physical and chemical properties of FeCl 3 -H 2 SiO 3 silicates at varying loadings were characterized through techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), pyridine-adsorbed FT-IR (Py-FT-IR), ammonia temperature programmed desorption (NH 3 -TPD), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). Repeatability tests were conducted to ensure the reliability of the results. The repeatability tests demonstrated exceptional stability of the catalyst, and subsequent post-use characterization provided further insights into the fundamental mechanisms contributing to this stability. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to examine the adsorption and desorption processes of various reactants and products on different catalysts, as well as to explore the reaction transition states. These theoretical analyses offered an explanation for the superior performance of this catalyst.
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2014
·Vol. 2
·期 32
·12785-12791
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IF 0
Shengyang Tao,Yuchao Wang,Da Shi,Yonglin An,Jieshan Qiu,Yishan Zhao,Yan Cao,Xuefang Zhang
An efficient strategy is developed for producing hierarchically porous graphite (HPG) monoliths with a bimodal pore structure through a confined graphitizing process with FeCl3 as the catalyst. The microspace in a silica microreactor is used for molding and protecting the carbon structure without collapse during crystallization. Especially, the confined graphitization approach is favorable for forming highly crystallized graphite materials with large specific surface at low preparation temperature. It balances the benefits of a porous structure and degree of crystallization. Due to the outstanding physical and chemical properties, the graphitized porous carbon exhibits excellent electrochemical performances. HPG shows high sensitivity for use as sensing electrodes. Additionally, HPG also exhibits remarkable stabilization on capacitance at large current densities as a supercapacitor. There is hardly any loss in specific capacitance even with a charge current of 30 to 50 A g−1.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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DOI
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.4
Dong Xue,Li Da-Wei,Zhou Qin-Zhuo,Jin Wei-Long,Miao Jin-Gen
Electromagnetic pollution poses growing threats to electronic equipment, data security, and human health, yet developing lightweight absorbers that simultaneously achieve high mechanical strength, broadband absorption, and thermal insulation remains challenging. To address this gap, we report a triple-functional FeCl 3 -crosslinked carbon aerogel (CA-Fe) fabricated by integrating hydrazine-modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers into a chitosan matrix, followed by freeze-drying and carbonization. Fe 3 ⁺ serves dual roles as crosslinker and graphitization catalyst, reducing the ID/IG ratio from 2.75 (in Fe-free CA) to 2.6 and enhancing electrical conductivity. The resulting CA‐Fe achieves a compressive strength of 0.62 MPa—a 121% increase over CA—and outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of − 61.2 dB at 3.0 mm thickness and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.8 GHz. These properties stem from optimized impedance matching (Z values in the 0.8–1.2 range) facilitated by the introduction of magnetic loss, synergistic conductive networks from catalytic graphitization, and multi-polarization losses induced by structural defects and Fe/N-doping. Moreover, CA-Fe exhibits low thermal conductivity (0.049 W m −1 K −1 at 25 °C), demonstrating its potential for thermal management in aerospace electronics, stealth technology, and next-generation communication devices. This work provides a viable strategy for designing lightweight, robust, and high-efficiency multifunctional EMW absorbers.
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高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
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2026
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IF 6.6
Minghui He,Jie Zhou,Zhengwu Peng,Yuehua Liu,Houyuan Zhang,Yuan Chen,Zhi Wang,Guoyu Qian
End-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic (EOL c-Si PV) modules contain a small mass fraction of silver (Ag), but Ag contributes disproportionately to their recoverable value. Ag extraction often relies on strong-acid systems such as HNO 3 , which offer high leaching efficiency but cause equipment corrosion, Si substrate damage, acidic wastewater and environmental risks. Mild systems such as organic acids can reduce the environmental impact, but their Ag oxidation-dissolution rates and interfacial mass transfer are often insufficient. Herein, air-pyrolyzed EOL double-glass PV modules were used as the feedstock, and an aqueous FeCl 3 -choline chloride (FeCl 3 -ChCl) leaching system was developed for green and efficient Ag extraction with external-field intensification. Ag leaching was governed by Fe(III)-mediated oxidation and the ChCl-regulated coordination environment. Increasing the ChCl content first promoted and then suppressed Ag leaching, indicating that excess ChCl was not beneficial to continuous Ag extraction. Raman analysis explained this behavior by showing that high ChCl content favored chloride-rich Fe-Cl coordination structures, whereas enhanced ionic association and increased solution viscosity increased mass-transfer resistance at the Ag gridline/solution interface. External-field intensification was then introduced to accelerate Ag extraction Mechanical stirring achieved an Ag leaching efficiency of 97.6%, whereas ultrasonication enhanced interfacial mass transfer, shortened the leaching time, and achieved 94.3% Ag leaching efficiency at 40 °C within 10 min. Dissolved Ag was then recovered as Ag powder with a purity of 99.5% through AgCl sedimentation, ammoniacal complexation and ascorbic acid reduction. This work offers a practical route for green and intensified Ag extraction from EOL PV modules.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Wenyan Mu,Tao Wang,Qu Zhang,Xianze Wang,Haozhao He,Dongling Wu
To achieve efficient upgrading and clean utilization of lignite-derived tar, an integrated zeolite modification strategy based on deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was developed, in which a Fe-based DES system was constructed with FeCl 3 ·6 H 2 O and CF 3 COOH. This DES realized the simultaneous acid modification and metal incorporation of ultrastable Y (USY) zeolite, thereby simplifying the catalyst preparation process. Characterization results revealed that DES treatment at an optimal molar ratio of 1:9 preserved the structural integrity of the Faujasite framework while inducing a hierarchical “micropore-sacrifice/mesopore-compensation” architecture. Meanwhile, Fe species were introduced uniformly, leading to the reduction of Brønsted acid sites and the enhancement of Lewis acid sites, thereby constructing multifunctional catalytic centers with synergistic acidity and redox activity. Mechanistic analysis demonstrated that DES-induced mesoporosity enhanced mass transfer and diffusion, while the cooperation between Fe redox sites and Lewis acid sites facilitated C-C and C-O bond cleavage as well as aromatization reactions. In the fixed-bed pyrolysis of NMH lignite, the optimized catalyst exhibited superior catalytic performance: the light oil fraction in tar increased from 16.86 % to 27.94 %, the relative content of light tar reached 75.61 %, gas yield reached 21.53 %, and PAHs content dropped sharply. Furthermore, the catalyst was confirmed to possess superior reusability in successive runs. This study highlights DES as tunable functional media, serving as an efficient platform for the integrated regulation of zeolite structure, acidity, and activity. Consequently, it provides a novel strategy for fabricating high-performance modified molecular sieve catalysts, which are applicable to the clean and value-added conversion of coal pyrolysis tar.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
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IF 8.2
Godwill Wiredu Asamoah,Zelin Wang,Junsheng Wu,Yiwan Wang,Jacob Senior Atta Owusu,Yuehan Li,Jianyun Liu
Renewable loofah sponge is valorized into porous carbon by a dual-salt strategy. • One-step FeCl 3 -ZnCl 2 route realizes activation and graphitization. • The optimized carbon reaches a high surface area of 2549 m 2 g −1. • Dual salts regulate pore structure and oxygen surface functionality. • The electrode delivers 48 mg g −1 SAC with fast kinetics and good cycling stability. Inverted capacitive deionization (i-CDI) is an effective strategy for mitigating the anodic degradation and co-ion expulsion commonly encountered in conventional capacitive deionization, but the development of cost-effective, high-performance electrode materials for i-CDI remains a hurdle. Herein, a FeCl 3 -ZnCl 2 dual-salt-mediated one-step carbonization-activation strategy was proposed to engineer graphitized hierarchical porous carbon with rich oxygen functionalities from Loofah sponge. FeCl 3 primarily promoted catalytic graphitization while the dual-salt treatment helped preserve/expose oxygen-containing surface functionalities and meanwhile generates a high surface area and well-developed pore structure. The combined activation between FeCl 3 and ZnCl 2 resulted in a hierarchical porous network with improved structural and electrochemical properties compared to single salt activation. The optimal sample denoted LSCFCZC800 exhibited an ultra-high specific surface area of 2549 m 2 g −1 , oxygen-rich functional groups and well-defined hierarchical porous carbon framework. Surface analysis further showed that dual-salt treatment produced an oxygen-enriched carbon surface containing abundant carboxyl-related species and improved wettability, which are favorable for ion adsorption in i-CDI. When used as an active electrode in an asymmetric i-CDI configuration paired with commercial activated carbon as the counter electrode, the device delivered a substantial salt adsorption capacity of 48 mg g −1 , a rapid adsorption rate of 2.2 mg g −1 min −1 and 71% capacity retention after 100 cycles (500 mg L −1 NaCl 1.2 V). Real groundwater tests further confirmed its practical applicability, reducing conductivity from 2215 to approximately 608 μS cm −1 while converting very hard water into soft water. The superior desalination performance is associated with coupled effects of hierarchical porosity, enhanced conductivity, good wettability, and favorable surface charge characteristics. This work demonstrated a simple and effective route for designing biomass-derived carbon for efficient i-CDI desalination of saline groundwater. Download: Download high-res image (165KB) Download: Download full-size image
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