Lin Hu,Xian-Yong Wei,Mei-Ling Xu,Yu-Hong Kang,Xian-Hou Guo,Feng-Bin Zhang,Zhi-Min Zong,Hong-Cun Bai
The selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived bio-oil still meets the great challenges due to its complex oxygenated organic component. In this research, first time, Pd-based zeolite catalysts were prepared by the modified deposition-precipitation (DP) method for the HDO conversion of guaiacol. Notably, for the same Si/Al ratio of zeolite, Pd 2% /Hβ catalyst showed the higher catalytic activity on the HDO of guaiacol than that Pd 2% /M and Pd 2% /HZSM-5 catalyst, which mainly originated from the synergetic effect between metal nanoparticles size and acid sites of catalyst. As one of typical phenolic monomers , guaiacol can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons under the condition of 220 °C, 3 MPa H 2 , and 4 h in n -hexane over Pd 2% /Hβ (DP) catalyst. This highly active catalyst exhibited the good recyclability in the HDO conversion of guaiacol. In addition, other typical phenolic monomers can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons over this highly active catalyst. Considering this, after HDO upgrading, real lignin oil (RLO) can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons with the carbon number (CN) in range of C7-C15. This work highlighted that the depolymerization monomers from lignin can be further upgraded by this high active catalyst through HDO to obtain jet hydrocarbons fuel .
Weipeng Song,Junhua Zhang,Yong Sun,Rui Zhang,Lincai Peng,Huai Liu
Functionalizing biomass-derived furanic chemicals is of great importance towards biorefinery processes but challenging, especially working at elevated substrate concentrations. We herein report the intervention of 1,4-dioxane co-solvent availably to catalyze hydroxymethylation of furfuryl alcohol (FA) in formalin over Hβ zeolite, giving high yield to 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF), a versatile building block. Impressively, the facilitating effect of 1,4-dioxane on DHMF production became more pronounced with increasing FA feeding concentration, and the yield raised from 19.5 % to 67.8 % from a high FA concentration of 10 wt%. The 1,4-dioxane served not only as a catcher of formaldehyde hydrate to access substrate FA, but also as a shield to restrain undesirable condensation side-reactions. The developed protocol demonstrated an excellent universality in boosting the hydroxymethylation of electrondrawing-group-free furanic molecules (e.g., furan, 2-methylfuran). The understanding of these solvation effects can be employed to effectively manipulate and improve the hydroxymethylation of furanic compounds.
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