ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Jiaxin Wu,Wenfei Ai,Yue Long,Kai Song
Soft actuators possessing notable mechanical deformations, high sensitivity, and fast response speed play a crucial role in various applications, such as artificial muscles, soft robots, and intelligent devices. In this study, a smart humidity-driven actuator was successfully fabricated by utilizing MXene/cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/LiCl (MCL) through vacuum-assisted filtration with fast response speed and high sensitivity. Utilizing the excellent humidity responsiveness of MXene/CNF and the robust hygroscopicity of LiCl, the synergistic effect of these materials enhances the hygroscopic properties and response speed of the actuator. The MCL actuator demonstrates excellent actuation performance, fast deformation, and reliable cyclic stability. To illustrate the extensive potential of the soft actuator, a range of applications, from bionic devices to soft grippers and crawling actuators, are showcased. Remarkably, the crawling actuator demonstrates sustained crawling motion without necessitating a humidity switch, relying on the humidity gradient from water droplets, and exhibits spontaneous directional motions within a certain range, which makes it a promising prospect in the field of soft robotics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
智能设备
·
软机器人
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 4.5
Jianbang Ge,Zichen Zhang,Yang Gao,Biwu Cai,Shuqiang Jiao
Understanding the natural convection in molten salt electrochemical systems is of great importance to accurately reveal the reaction kinetics and mechanism. This electrochemical reaction would cause changes in the density and temperature of salt near the electrode due to the depletion of reactant and the generation of product. However, in most studies, the temperature-induced convection effects received very limited attention in molten salts as the experiments were usually conducted in a thermostatic furnace. Herein we report the electrochemical reaction-induced convection in molten LiCl-KCl, with reactive EuCl 3 or CrCl 3 added into the system. On the basis of numerical simulations for chronoamperometry, it was proved that the thermal convection effects were not comparable to the density-driven convection even at molten salt containing 100 mM redox concentration and an electrolysis time of 100 s. Nevertheless, we observed the enhancement of density-driven convection by thermal convection in cyclic voltammetry simulation in LiCl-KCl-CrCl 3 system at 5 mV/s. Furthermore, the simulated results revealed that the temperature difference between electrode and solution ranged from 2.94 × 10 −3 to ∼ 0.4 K at the applied conditions, showing the negligible change in temperature caused by electrochemical reactions.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2010
·
IF 1.695
Li Jing,Zheng Danxing,Fan Lihua,Wu Xianghong,Dong Li
The aim of this work is to investigate improving the effects for adding ionic liquids (ILs) to the working fluids of absorption cycle, lithium bromide aqueous solution (H2O + LiBr), and lithium chloride aqueous solution (H2O + LiCl). 1,3-Dimethylimidazolium chloride ([Dmim]Cl) and 1,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Dmim]BF4) were selected to be additives. The vapor pressure data were measured for the H2O + LiBr + [Dmim]Cl system (LiBr/[Dmim]Cl mass ratio = 3), H2O + LiBr + [Dmim]BF4 system (LiBr/[Dmim]BF4 mass ratio = 2), H2O + LiCl + [Dmim]Cl system (LiCl/[Dmim]Cl mass ratio = 2), and H2O + LiCl + [Dmim]BF4 system (LiCl/[Dmim]BF4 mass ratio = 2) by means of the boiling point method, at temperatures from (303.60 to 439.42) K and the mass fraction of absorbent species from 0.20 to 0.70, respectively. The Antoine-type equation was used to correlate the experimental data of the ternary systems, and the agreements with the experimental data were excellent; that is, the average absolute relative deviations (ARDs) for pressure between experimental and calculated values were 1.05 %, 0.75 %, 0.63 %, and 0.92 % for the systems. Compared with traditional working fluids of absorption cycle, H2O + LiBr and H2O + LiCl, the promising results show that four ternary systems investigated in this work might be used as alternative working fluids to improve the performances of absorption cycles and liquid desiccant dehumidification systems.
研究领域:
热力学
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制冷与空调
·
化学工程
·
离子液体应用
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Zhao-Lei Huo,Jia-Yu Qiao,Le-Xi Zhang,Yao-Wen Yue,Qi-Da Qiu,Zhi-Jiang Hou,Jing Yin,Li-Jian Bie
Nowadays, attractive progress has been made on flexible humidity sensors for multifunctional applications, yet most of them still suffer from intrinsic instability due to the device structure based on flexible substrates. Herein, high-performance flexible humidity sensors were constructed using alkali metal halide doped polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) freestanding films. These films are prepared via a versatile thermally induced phase separation procedure with a network-like porous structure. After doping with metal salts of MCl (M = Li, Na, K), the humidity sensing performance is highly improved, among which the LiCl@PVP/PVDF film is the optimized one. In the relative humidity range of 11–97% at room temperature, the LiCl@PVP/PVDF sensor exhibits high response (2.3 × 103), fast response (10 s), small hysteresis (0.41%), and excellent repeatability. Notably, the LiCl@PVP/PVDF film is featured as fully self-supporting without the assistance of any substrate, readily tailorable that can be cut into different shapes, as well as highly flexible that can be bent to certain angles, and meanwhile almost maintains its response without significant decrease. Furthermore, the excellent performance enables the LiCl@PVP/PVDF sensor to demonstrate great potential in real-time noncontact diaper and finger detection. This contribution provides a practical humidity sensing candidate for moisture monitoring and gives insights into the fields of humidity sensors and flexible electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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传感器技术
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电子工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2018
·Vol. 25
·期 9
·4955-4968
·
IF 3.809
Li Weijie,Zhang Fengying,Wang Weiku,Li Yinhui,Liu Yaodong,Lu Chunxiang,Zhang Zhengfang
Abstract
Cellulose was dissolved in LiCl/DMAc solvent system at various concentrations. Using rheological measurements, we observed that the cellulose solution becomes gelled upon heating and jelly-like during cooling. Interestingly, while phase separation occurs during heating (from room temperature to higher) along with a sol–gel transition, and this transition is irreversible, the cooling (from room temperature to lower) induced solution property transition from more viscous to more elastic is completely reversible. The structural changes of cellulose solution during heating and cooling cycles are in situ monitored by infrared spectroscopy, and we found that the temperature of the solution affects the interactions among DMAc, lithium cations, chloride anions, and the hydroxyl groups in cellulose chains. While heating induces phase separation and gelation of cellulose solutions, cooling simply turns the solution into a reversible jelly status. Also, when cellulose concentration increases, the gelation temperature caused by heating becomes significantly lower. Possible mechanisms of the rheological transitions of cellulose/LiCl·DMAc solutions during either heating or cooling are proposed in this study. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2019
·
IF 2.584
Xianzhen Xu,Yan Wang,Xiangyu Sun,Yu Zhou
Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data are measured and reported for the LiCl + CaCl2 + H2O system. The experimental procedures were carried out with pressures between 6 and 101.3 kPa in a computer-controlled glass apparatus. We obtained the relationship between solubility of salt and vapor pressure by analyzing and summarizing the results. Then, a modified NRTL model based on the hypothesis of hydration was used in this paper. By correlation of literature and experimental data for LiCl + H2O, CaCl2 + H2O, and LiCl + CaCl2 + H2O (pressure spanning from 5 to 101.3 kPa), some parameters were modified for improving the accuracy of the calculation. Meanwhile, the model was successfully applied to predict the VLE data in LiCl + CaCl2 + H2O systems with the modified binary parameters.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
热力学
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2023
·
IF 8.4
Jia-Yi Guo,Xiao Huang,Gui-Sen Tian,Zhi-Dong Lin,Zhe Chen,Fei-Peng Du
Polyelectrolytes with hydrophilic and hydrophobic structures are widely employed in humidity sensors , but their response properties necessitate improvement. This paper introduces the development of crosslinked polysiloxane electrolytes via Zr 4+ coordination and LiCl assistance for humidity sensing applications. The composition , microstructure, thermal stability, and humidity response of polymer complexes based on ZrOCl 2 were thoroughly investigated. The resulting complexes exhibited porous structures and demonstrated excellent thermal stability. The ionic conductivity displayed an exponential change of 10 6 - 10 7 within the relative humidity (RH) range of 43–95 %. The polymer complexes with 5 mol% ZrOCl 2 exhibited the most favorable humidity sensing properties , including a response time of 90 s and a recovery time of 7 s. The addition of LiCl as an assistant further enhanced the humidity sensing properties of the polymer complexes. The optimal sensor exhibited high sensitivity, reaching 1175 throughout the entire RH range from 11 % to 95 %. It demonstrated good linearity, minimal humidity hysteresis (2.3 % RH), and rapid response/recovery time of 16/9 s. The development of LiCl-assisted polysiloxane polyelectrolyte-Zr complexes has provided a strategy for the creation of high-performance humidity sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感技术
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
·
2022
·
IF 4.119
Mingyang Chen,Rui Yang,Pei Li
Since PMDA-ODA polyimide is insoluble, its soluble precursor PMDA-ODA poly (amic acid) (PAA) is used to prepare hollow fiber membranes (HFMs). Due to the existence of –CO–NH– and –COOH groups, PAA is subject to form hydrogen bonds with water and consequently leads to a very slow phase inversion rate during the non-solvent induced phase inversion process. Therefore, the hollow fiber spinning has to be carried out with a low take-up speed that limits the productivity. In this paper, we increased the take-up speed of PAA hollow fiber to 60 m/min by simply adding LiCl into polymer dope. Moreover, an integrally skinned defect-free PMDA-ODA hollow fiber membrane was obtained at the high take-up speed where the gas permeances were 6.8 ± 0.7, 2.2 ± 0.2, 0.4 ± 0.04 and 0.07 ± 0.01 GPU for H 2 , CO 2 , O 2 and N 2 , respectively, with an ideal selectivity of 3.1 ± 0.3, 31 ± 3.0 and 5.7 ± 0.6 for H 2 /CO 2 , CO 2 /N 2 and O 2 /N 2 , respectively. These results indicated a dense PMDA-ODA layer of 1 μm. To our best knowledge, this is the first time that a defect-free hollow fiber membrane for gas separation is prepared based on PMDA-ODA.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 17.694
Zeng Dewu,Yao Jingming,Zhang Long,Xu Ruonan,Wang Shaojie,Yan Xinlin,Yu Chuang,Wang Lin
The use of inorganic solid-state electrolytes is considered a viable strategy for developing high-energy Li-based metal batteries. However, suppression of parasitic interfacial reactions and growth of unfavorable Li metal depositions upon cycling are challenging aspects and not yet fully addressed. Here, to better understand these phenomena, we investigate various sulfide inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs), i.e., Li 7− x PS 6− x Cl x ( x = 0.6, 1.0, 1.3, 1.45, and 1.6), via ex situ and in situ physicochemical and electrochemical measurements. We found that the Cl distribution and the cooling process applied during the SE synthesis strongly influence the evolution of the Li|SE interface in terms of microstructure, interphase composition, and morphology. Indeed, for a SE with a moderate chlorine content (i.e., x = 1.3) and obtained via a slow cooling process after sintering, the Cl atoms are located on the surface of the SE grains as interconnected LiCl nanoparticles that form an extended LiCl-based framework. This peculiar microstructure facilitates the migration of the Cl ions to the Li|SE interface during electrochemical cycling, thus, favouring the formation of a LiCl-rich interphase layer capable of improving the battery cycling performances.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
电池技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Zhiguang Guo,Guangyi Tian,Changhui Fu
Water scarcity has become one of the largest crises in the world, especially for people living in arid areas. Among all water sources, atmospheric water has the advantages of less geographical limitation and less environmental impact of the water production process. The use of solar-powered atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) has become a viable solution to the problem of water scarcity in arid regions. MOF-303 is a robust and water-stable MOF that collects water at low relative humidity (RH ≤ 30%) and releases it under mild heating. However, its actual demonstrated water absorption remains unsatisfactory, which limits its application in the field of water harvesting. Here, we propose a high-performance composite adsorbent of hygroscopic salt-modified MOF, and obtain the composite adsorbent MOF-303@LiCl by confining LiCl in the pores of MOF-303. The composite adsorbent exhibited excellent water absorption of 0.61 g g-1 at low relative humidity (25℃, 30% RH) and high adsorption kinetics (adsorption saturated at 80 min). By adding a certain proportion of the photothermal material CB, MOF-303@LiCl could be heated up to 66.1℃ under one solar irradiation and achieved desorption within 60 min. The adsorption-desorption cycle of this composite adsorbent can be fed by natural sunlight without the need for optical focusing and additional energy input. The fast adsorption-desorption kinetics allow for multiple cycles of AWH in a single day, which has great potential in water harvesting.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 27
·期 12
·1687-1694
·
IF 1.713
Tian Dong-hua,Han Zhen-chao,Wang Ming-yong,Jiao Shu-qiang
Graphite materials are widely used as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. N-doping is an effective method for enhancing the electrochemical properties of graphite. A novel one-step N-doping method for complete and compact carbon paper was proposed for molten salt electrolysis in the LiCl-KCl-Li 3 N system. The results show that the degree of graphitization of carbon paper can be improved by the electrolysis of molten salts, especially at 2.0 V. Nitrogen gas was produced at the anode and nitrogen atoms can substitute carbon atoms of carbon paper at different sites to create nitrogen doping during the electrolysis process. The doping content of N in carbon paper is up to 13.0wt%. There were three groups of nitrogen atoms, i.e. quaternary N (N-Q), pyrrolic N (N-5), and pyridinic N (N-6) in N-doping carbon paper. N-doping carbon paper as an Al-ion battery cathode shows strong charge-recharge properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Heliyon
·
2024
·
IF 3.4
Bingxuan Du,Haichao Li,Conglin Zhang,Qingsong Ji
Nanocarbons have potential applications in almost all areas of materials science. While we have appreciated the various discoveries and applications of many nanocarbons, we recognize that the field remains challenging in terms of tunability. In this research, we report a new strategy for the self-assembly of surfactant @ salt from the concept of carbon nanostructure design, and introduce the concept of “separator”. On the one hand, it allows the core and shell to be formed in one step. On the other hand, it allows the ordered aggregates to remain in their original shape under thermal action. The surface morphology, degree of graphitization, elemental composition and surface chemical state, formation mechanism, and specific luminescent properties of carbon nanomaterials were investigated. TEM reveals that (dodecyldimethyl betaine) BS-12 @ LiCl carbon nanospheres with tunable size (from 55 nm to 70 nm) can be successfully synthesized. Raman and XRD show that the structure of carbon nanospheres has some defects and disordered carbon. XPS and FTIR analyses indicate that the defects present in the carbon nanosphere structure are related to the N and O elements. The detailed growth mechanism shows that the micelle structure in the system can be well adjusted by changing the concentration of surfactant. PL research demonstrates that the synthesized carbon nanospheres have UV luminescent properties. Most importantly, the method can be further developed into a general strategy for self-assembly using a variety of surfactants and “separators” as promising candidates for future practical applications of nanocarbon materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）