SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2017
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IF 3.359
Wei Li,Chang Shi,Ayang Zhou,Xiao He,Yawei Sun,Jinli Zhang
For efficient recovery of lithium from brines, a composite nanofiltration (NF) membrane with positively charged skin layer (PA-B) was first synthesized via interfacial polymerization between branched poly(ethylene imine) (BPEI) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the support of crosslinked polyetherimide, and the separation performance was assessed for simulative brine of mixed LiCl/MgCl 2 solution. To improve the permselectivity of Li + against Mg 2+ , then we adopted EDTA to modify the as-prepared positively charged PA-B NF membrane. The optimal EDTA modified NF membrane PA-B2-E3 showed the separation factor S Li , Mg about 9.2 for the LiCl/MgCl 2 mixed solution with a Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio of 24, with excellent stability within 36 h filtration, which would have promising applications in the recovery of Li from brine.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
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2025
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IF 9.1
Yingfu Tian,Tianliang Lu,Hongjin Qu,Xiaomei Yang,Lipeng Zhou
Efficient conversion of ethyl levulinate (EL) in high concentration to γ-valerolactone (GVL) at moderate temperature via catalytic transfer hydrogenation strategy is highly desirable. In this work, hydrothermally synthesized Sn-β zeolite with high Sn content was employed as a catalyst to realize this aim. Fully crystallized Sn-β zeolite with high Sn content ( n Si / n Sn = 60) was successfully synthesized within 12 days using MgCl 2 as a promoter. The synthesized zeolites were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and XPS. The L acid density of Mg-Sn-β-60-12d increased to 90 μmol g −1 compared to Mg-Sn-β-100-7d (56 μmol g −1 ). 92% yield of GVL was achieved on Mg-Sn-β-60-12d using high concentration of EL (1.2 mol L –1 ) as reactant at 130 o C for 8 h. The performance of Mg-Sn-β is better than that of Sn-β with same n Si / n Sn . The reaction mechanism over Mg-Sn-β was discussed. In addition, Mg-Sn-β-60-12d showed excellent stability and reusability during five runs.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Molecular Catalysis
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2020
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IF 3.687
Wei Peng,Jianmei Xie,Junying Zhang,Xia Yang,Aihua He
The isoprene polymerization kinetics by using TiCl 4 /MgCl 2 type Ziegler-Natta catalysts (TMC) with different titanium contents were studied for better understanding the possible active-specie structures of heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalysts for conjugated diene polymerizations. The catalytic features including the catalytic activity (CA), number of active centers ([C*]/[Ti]), rate constant for polymerization (k p ), stereoregularity of these TMC catalysts were studied. The low titanium content catalyst TMC-1 (Ti = 0.09 wt.%) with more isolated mononuclear titanium species showed higher CA and yielded cis-1,4-/trans-1,4- mixed microstructure polyisoprene with low molecular weight ( M w ) in the initial polymerization stage. The medium high titanium content catalyst TMC-2 (Ti = 2.38 wt.%) with more clustered mononuclear titanium species showed lower CA and yielded cis-1,4-/trans-1,4- mixed microstructure polyisoprene with high M w in the early stage of polymerization. The high titanium content catalyst TMC-3 (Ti = 3.76 wt.%) presented lowest CA and yielded high trans-1,4- polyisoprene with higher M w .
研究领域:
高分子化学
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催化化学
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聚合物合成
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材料科学
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配位聚合
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
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2026
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IF 10.7
Xiaofen Ren,Shikun Pan,Xuhan Song,Shanhu Tong,Da Wang,Xuemin Zhao,Xiaohui She
Currently, the most commonly used cold storage materials are predominantly organic, while inorganic materials are less utilized due to challenges such as high supercooling and phase separation. However, inorganic materials exhibit desirable characteristics, including high latent heat, thermal conductivity, and cost-effectiveness, warranting further exploration of their applicability. This study develops a composite inorganic phase change cold storage material based on MgCl 2 . With a phase change temperature of −33 °C, 17.1 wt% MgCl 2 serves as the primary energy storage agent. The addition of 12.9 wt% NaCl as a temperature regulator adjusts the phase change temperature of the composite material to −37.44 °C. Furthermore, incorporating 4 wt% graphite powder (GP) enhances thermal conductivity by 25%, achieving a value of 0.75 W/(m·K). The inclusion of 1.5 wt% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) significantly improves material stability, with no noticeable stratification observed over three months. The addition of 4 wt% GP reduces the degree of supercooling by 54% to 4.3 °C (from 9.45 °C to 4.3 °C). Through optimization of the composite processes, the material achieves a degree of supercooling of 4.3 °C, while maintaining a high latent heat of phase change of 158.84 J/g and a thermal conductivity of 0.65 W/(m·K).
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·
IF 5.6
Sen Feng,Chengyuan Ni,Xiaoying Jiang,Mouhamadou Aziz Diop,Fengguo Liu,Jun Liu,Chengdong Xia,Junjie Zhang,Aimin Liu,Zhongning Shi
To achieve green and efficient production of high-purity magnesium, this work investigates the electrochemical reduction and deposition mechanism of Mg(II) in a NaCl-KCl-MgCl 2 molten salt system at 953 K. A combination of thermodynamic analysis and electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and potentiostatic electrolysis, was employed on a tungsten electrode. The reduction of Mg(II) to Mg(0) was confirmed to be a single-step, two-electron transfer reversible process controlled by ion diffusion. The diffusion coefficient of Mg(II) was determined to be 1.19 × 10 −8 cm 2 /s to 1.25 × 10 −8 cm 2 /s. Potentiostatic electrolysis at -1.68 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) successfully produced high-purity liquid magnesium, which was collected and solidified. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses unequivocally identified the deposits as metallic magnesium with a purity exceeding 99.9 wt.%. The key innovation lies in simultaneously establishing the fundamental electrochemistry of Mg(II) and demonstrating its direct electrodeposition in a low‑cost, industrially scalable NaCl-KCl‑based electrolyte, providing a critical foundation for a continuous, green magnesium electrolysis technology.
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DOI
高影响因子
CORROSION SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 10.3
Yueqi Wu,Mingyong Jia,Qiang Shen,Fei Chen
Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramics are promising structural materials for next-generation concentrated solar power (CSP) systems, while their long-term stability in aggressive molten chloride salts remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigate the corrosion behavior and decomposition mechanism of a conventional Y 2 O 3 -sintered β-Si 3 N 4 ceramic in molten MgCl 2 –NaCl–KCl at 600 °C. The corrosion process proceeds through three sequential stages: preferential dissolution of the amorphous intergranular phase (IGP), formation of a detrimental Mg 2 SiO 4 layer, and subsequent chemical attack of β-Si 3 N 4 grains. Guided by this mechanistic understanding, we propose a grain boundary engineering strategy using YF 3 /MgF 2 sintering aids to fabricate corrosion-resistant Si 3 N 4 ceramics. The engineered ceramic exhibited a 25% reduction in average corrosion depth and excellent property retention after 800 h of exposure. Its bending strength loss is only 8.3%, compared with 13.8% for the reference material, and its thermal conductivity loss is 4.8%, compared with 8.4% for the reference material. The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the combined effects of a chemically stable crystalline Y 4 Si 2 N 2 O 7 intergranular phase, elimination of residual SiO 2 impurities, and a coarsened microstructure. Salt purification experiments further confirmed the proposed corrosion mechanism by suppressing impurity-driven decomposition. In purified molten salt, the engineered ceramic shows an extrapolated corrosion rate of approximately 16.8 μm·year - ¹ , meeting the U.S. DOE corrosion target of < 20.0 μm·year - ¹ . These results demonstrate that grain boundary engineering is an effective strategy for improving the durability of Si 3 N 4 ceramics in high-temperature molten chloride salt environments.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CORROSION SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 7.4
Yueqi Wu,Mingyong Jia,Zhifeng Huang,Qiang Shen,Fei Chen
The high-temperature corrosion behavior of a Si 3 N 4 /W composite under the molten MgCl 2 -NaCl-KCl salts has been investigated. It is suggested that the molten salts diffuse along the physical surface defects and enter the interior of adjacent Si 3 N 4 /W grains, leading to the 9.1% bending strength loss after 400 hours for corrosion. In air atmosphere, oxidation products WO 2 , WO 3 , and corrosion product MgWO 4 caused a 34.3% bending strength decrease after 400 hours for corrosion. This study elucidates the high-temperature molten chloride salt corrosion mechanisms of the Si 3 N 4 /W composite material under two different atmospheres. The composite demonstrates relatively excellent corrosion resistance in service environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
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腐蚀工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
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2017
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IF 4.784
Jun-wei Wang,Cui-zhen Zhang,Zhuo-hua Li,Hong-xia Zhou,Jia-xin He,Jing-chao Yu
As a solar energy storage medium at moderate-to-high temperature, molten chlorate severally corrodes metal vessels. The corrosion behavior and mechanisms of pure nickel (Ni), GH4033 and GH4169 in 793 K molten eutectic NaCl-MgCl 2 were studied. During the initial stage of corrosion, pure Ni and GH4033 gain weight from the many plate-like shells formed on the sample surface. After corrosion for 40 h, all sample surfaces were rather porous and loosened. MgO nuclei that were attached to the loosened microstructure surface fell off with the microstructures, which led to a continual decrease in the sample weight. The three sample surfaces were mainly composed of MgO and Ni or (Ni, Fe) from the sample substrate. Al and Ti were preferentially oxidized and stably excited on the GH4033 surface, which inhibits the corrosion process. The corrosion rate of GH4169 was the highest for the δ phase, which is rich in Nb, and phase boundaries were corroded preferentially. In the anode reaction, metal atoms escape from the corrosion system in the form of chlorides or aqueous chlorides.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2022
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IF 10.53
Faizal Soyekwo,Hui Wen,Dan Liao,Changkun Liu
Selective recovery of lithium from Salt Lake brines using environmentally friendly technologies is increasingly demanded to overcome the shortage of lithium. However, satisfying high separation precision is challenging for most polymer nanofiltration membranes. Besides, bestowing high permeance together with improved membrane fouling remains a challenge for the widespread implementation of membrane processes. Herein, a new tri-quaternary ammonium-based ionic liquid (TQAIL) electrolyte monomer is synthesized and utilized for the surface modification of nascent polyamide active layer to fabricate IL-modified polyamide nanofiltration (NF) membrane for Mg 2+ /Li + separation. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that TQAIL modification creates nanoscale structural heterogeneity leading to enhanced surface hydrophilicity and reduces internal resistance through the membrane selective layer. The TQAIL membrane exhibits improved Li + /Mg 2+ selectivity and improved water permeability of 26.11 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 , which is fourfold that of unmodified membrane accompanied with a 100-h stable continuous nanofiltration. Moreover, the membrane displays good anti-biofouling behaviour with excellent antimicrobial properties. This study offers new insights into how surface functionalization using multication side chains can remarkably improve ion separations by molecularly tuning ion-membrane electrostatic interactions in polymeric membranes .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 2.4
Zhu Liguo,Zhang Zuqing,Kong Lingxin,Wang Chengyuan,Yang Bin,Xu Baoqiang
Ti is produced by the Kroll method, mainly by carbothermic chlorination, magnesiothermic reduction, and vacuum distillation, which result in complex processes, low efficiency, and high cost. Although Ti has many excellent properties, its high production costs limit its widespread applications. There is an urgent need to develop new Ti extraction processes to reduce the cost of Ti production. In this study, we propose a new method for the direct preparation of low-oxygen Ti powder from TiO 2 using Mg as a reducing agent and the formation of CeOCl (2Mg ( l ) + TiO 2 ( s ) + 2CeCl 3 ( l ) = Ti ( s ) + 2CeOCl ( s ) + 2MgCl 2 ( l )). First, a deoxidization experiment of Ti with Mg as a deoxidizer was conducted, and the ability of Mg to deoxidize Ti was demonstrated. At 1273 K, when the activity of CeCl 3 was 1, the oxygen concentrations of Ti-A and Ti-B were 380 and 270 ppm, respectively. Subsequently, the TiO 2 reduction experiment was conducted using Mg as the reducing agent. The results showed that MgO activity was effectively reduced by the formation of CeOCl (MgO( s ) + CeCl 3 ( l ) = MgCl 2 ( l ) + CeOCl( s )). When the system reached the Mg/MgCl 2 /CeOCl/CeCl 3 equilibrium, low-oxygen Ti powder below 1000 ppm was directly produced from TiO 2 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2020
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IF 4.032
Ali Reza Kamali,Jigang Yang
The effective disposal and/or utilization of polyethylene terephthalate ((C 10 H 8 O 4 ) n , PET) waste plastics are currently global problems that need to be addressed urgently. The current research examines the molten salt-based thermal treatment of PET waste, as a new approach to tackle this challenge. The effect of various molten salts, comprising KCl, MgCl 2 , ZnCl 2 , NaCl , KF and NaF on the structural and morphological evolution of PET upon heating in air to 1300 °C is investigated. PET is transformed into carbon materials with different characteristics, including graphene-like nanosheets and porous nanostructures , with different electrical conductivity values, depending on the type of salt employed. The melting and evaporation points, as well as the cation size of the salt, are found to have a significant influence on the morphology and the crystallization level of the carbon products, based on which the characteristics of PET-derived carbons are regulated. Accordingly, the crystallinity and graphitization degree of the carbon materials obtained in NaF, KF and NaCl are found to be considerably greater than those obtained in ZnCl 2 , MgCl 2 and KCl. The possible mechanism involved in the conversion of PET into carbon nanostructures in the molten salt environment is discussed. The results obtained provide insights into molten salt conversion of PET into carbon materials with different properties for various applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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纳米技术
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Junjie Ren,Siyu Zeng,Yunting Liu,Chenlu Xu,Hongfeng Lu,Jianzhong Zhao,Praveen Linga,Zhenyuan Yin
Hydrate-based CO2 sequestration in marine sediments has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate global climate change due to its substantial storage capacity and operational feasibility. However, understanding the influence of chloride salts from seawater, such as KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2, on CO2 hydrates phase stability is essential for the practical application of subsea CO2 sequestration as hydrates. This study systematically investigates the phase equilibria of CO2 hydrates in KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 solutions at concentrations of 0–400 mM, encompassing typical marine salinity conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that all four chloride salts exhibit thermodynamic inhibition effects on CO2 hydrates, with the inhibitory effect intensifying as concentration increases. MgCl2 exerts the strongest thermodynamic inhibition effect, suppressing CO2 hydrates equilibrium temperature by 0.96 K at 200 mM and 1.57 K at 400 mM concentrations under 3.0 MPa. The inhibition strength follows the order of MgCl2 > CaCl2 > NaCl > KCl, which correlates well with the ion charge and radius of cations. A thermodynamic model was developed by integrating the Hu-Lee-Sum correlation of water activity with the classical Chen-Guo model for the prediction of the thermodynamic phase equilibria for CO2 hydrates. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy, with an average absolute deviation of pressure below 2.0% across all tested concentrations. Validation against experimental data and literature values confirms the reliability of the model and serves as a prediction tool for CO2 hydrates phase equilibria with chloride salts. This study advances the understanding of CO2 hydrates thermodynamics in saline systems, elucidating the inhibitory effects of chloride salts and the associated impact on CO2 hydrates stability. The findings provide the thermodynamic foundation for the near-future large-scale adoption of hydrate-based CO2 sequestration.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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