CHEMOSPHERE
·
2025
·
IF 8.1
Lingyu He,Jiayu Luo,Haiyang Hu,Xin Zhang,Yang Lei
Using phosphorus-containing scale inhibitors (i.e., phosphonates) in cooling water poses a significant challenge to water pollution and eutrophication during discharge. Here we report an efficient electrochemical oxidation (EO) process based on a low-cost titanium suboxide (Ti 4 O 7 ) inert anode. We found that ubiquitous chloride ions (Cl − ) in cooling water significantly promoted the transformation of methylene phosphonic acid (NTMP, a representative phosphonate) into orthophosphate. In the Cl − -Ti 4 O 7 -AO system, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is the primary reactive species responsible for the sequential cleavage of C–P and C–C bonds, converting organic phosphorus into inorganic phosphate. Furthermore, the presence of HCO 3 − or humic acid (HA) under realistic conditions showed negligible effects on the degradation of NTMP. In long-term operation, the Ti 4 O 7 -AO system sustained 100% conversion efficiency of NTMP over continuous-flow operation mode for more than 720 h, even though the cathode was almost entirely covered with CaCO 3 deposits. The results revealed that cathode scaling does not profoundly affect the conversion of organic phosphorus to phosphate in the Ti 4 O 7 -AO system. Overall, our study elucidates the mechanism and robust efficiency of the Cl − -Ti 4 O 7 -AO system in treating phosphonate-laden wastewater and offers a new solution for dealing with cooling water by coupling electrochemical oxidation with ubiquitous chloride ions.
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PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
Yue Cao,Dan Wang,Kai Qi,Yubing Qiu,Xingpeng Guo
The poor stability of polypyrrole (PPy) restricts its application in biomedical pH sensing. This study incorporated Ti 4 O 7 particles with PPy and deposited them onto activated carbon foam (ACF) via a galvanostatic method, preparing a (Ti 4 O 7 + PPy)/ACF composite that significantly enhances the long-term stability of PPy. The prepared Ti 4 O 7 was modified with p-toluenesulfonate (pTS – ), forming negatively charged Ti 4 O 7 -pTS particles via S–O–Ti bonds between pTS – and Ti 3+ /Ti 4+ on Ti 4 O 7 . These particles can tightly bind with N δ+ in PPy chains, effectively inhibiting pTS – loss and PPy degradation. During a 90-day immersion test in Hank's solution (37℃), the pH sensitivity of (Ti 4 O 7 + PPy)/ACF increased from 65 to 74 mV/pH during 0–7 days (activation period), stabilized at 63–64 mV/pH during 30–60 days, then decreased to 58 mV/pH, showing significantly enhanced sensitivity and long-term stability compared to PPy/ACF. In (Ti 4 O 7 + PPy)/ACF, PPy provides primary pH response, while Ti₄O₇ enhances its sensitivity and stability. The decline in its pH sensing performance is primarily caused by the degradation of PPy and the loss of Ti 4 O 7 particles. The involved mechanisms are discussed in detail.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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传感器技术
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材料科学
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电化学传感
·
纳米复合材料
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Yangyuan Ji,Junfeng Niu,Yuhang Fang,Alliyan Tan Nou,David M Warsinger
Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NEPOs) are widely used as nonionic surfactant in the industry, which pose a threat to environment and human health. In this study, we conducted kinetic experiments and chemical analysis to investigate the effects of NEPOs micelles on degradation kinetics and electro-oxidation degradation mechanism. The electro-oxidation degradation of NEPOs followed pseudo-first order kinetics and more than 92% of NEPOs was degraded. Furthermore, the hydroxyl radicals generated by the Ti 4 O 7 anode contributed to 41% of degradation performance. During the entire degradation process, the micelles of NEPOs undergo growth, and the steric hindrance phenomenon of micelles prevents NEPOs from being attack by hydroxyl radicals. As the results of the oxygen substituents destruction on the benzene ring and the generation of various lengths of ethoxylated chains, the C aryl -O ether bond of NEPOs was inferred as the oxidation preferential site. This study may broaden the understanding of how surfactant micelles affect advanced oxidation processes and improve the application prospects of electro-oxidation in the treatment of wastewater containing NEPOs.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
·
水处理
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DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Sai Ma,Penglin Yang,Jian Huang,Fang Chen,Yang Yang,Zhenglong Wu,Jun Li
Reducing iridium (Ir) loading in the anode catalyst layer (ACL) of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) remains a key challenge for scaling up green hydrogen production. However, low-Ir-loading often results in poor electrical/protonic connectivity and mechanical integrity, causing limited performance and durability. Herein, an ionomer targeting strategy (ITS) is proposed to minimize the insulating perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer coverage on conductive Ti 4 O 7 additives while guiding the ionomer selectively wrapping onto IrO 2 catalyst. This approach increases the in-plane electrical conductivity by 63.8% and reduces the proton transport resistance by 81.0% versus the conventional ACL. The PEM electrolyzer with optimized ACL achieves a platinum group metal (PGM) utilization of 0.072 g PGM kW −1 at a PGM loading of 0.3 mg cm −2 (both electrodes combined), outperforming the U.S. Department of Energy 2026 technical target of 0.1 g PGM kW −1 . This represents the first report of achieving this benchmark for PEMWE. Crucially, the ACL exhibits a voltage decay rate of 75 µV h −1 at 1.5 A cm −2 for 1600 h, ≈20-fold lower than the conventional ACL. The ITS enables a selective ionomer wrapping mechanism in the ACLs, providing a practical and scalable pathway to an efficient, durable, and low-Ir-loading PEMWE system.
研究领域:
电化学储能
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氢气生产
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材料科学
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催化
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可再生能源
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PubMed
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 5
·480
·
IF 4.501
Xiuyu Sun,Zhenwei Wang,Wei Yan,Chuangan Zhou
The application potential of Pt/Ti4O7has been reported, but the lack of research on the relationship between Pt loading, MSI, and catalytic activity hinders further development. Micron-sized Ti4O7powders synthesized by a thermal reduction method under an H2atmosphere were used as a support material for Pt-based catalysts. Using a modified polyol method, Pt/Ti4O7-5, Pt/Ti4O7-10, and Pt/Ti4O7-20 with different mass ratios (Pt to Pt/Ti4O7is 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) were successfully synthesized. Uniformly dispersed platinum nanoparticles exhibit disparate morphologies, rod-like for Pt/Ti4O7-5 and approximately spherical for Pt/Ti4O7-10 and Pt/Ti4O7-20. Small-angle deflections and lattice reconstruction induced by strong metal–support interactions were observed in Pt/Ti4O7-5, which indicated the formation of a new phase at the interface. However, lattice distortions and dislocations for higher loading samples imply the existence of weak metal–support interactions. A possible mechanism is proposed to explain the different morphologies and varying metal–support interactions (MSI). With X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, spectrums of Pt and Ti display apparent shifts in binding energy compared with commercial Pt-C and non-platinized Ti4O7, which can properly explain the changes in absorption ability and oxygen reduction reaction activity, as described in the electrochemical results. The synthetic method, Pt loading, and surface coverage of the support play an important role in the adjustment of MSI, which gives significant guidance for better utilizing MSI to prepare the target catalyst.Keywords:platinum;titanium suboxide;electrocatalyst;SMSI
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2019
·
IF 5.383
Zhaohui Han,Yang Xu,Shenggang Zhou,Peixian Zhu
Electrode materials with an Al-based coating and a Ti 4 O 7 ceramic interlayer were prepared by plasma spraying to obtain improved electrochemical properties . RuO 2 –TiO 2 coatings doped with Sn, Ta and Ir, or La were prepared by thermal decomposition. The results indicate that good bonding between Al and Ti 4 O 7 was obtained by plasma spraying . The dopants affected the electrochemical performance by changing the surface morphology of the active coatings. The addition of Sn not only improved the electrocatalytic activity in the chlorine evolution reaction but also inhibited the electrocatalytic activity in the oxygen evolution reaction . The electric potential distribution on the surface of the electrode materials with an Al-based coating and a Ti 4 O 7 ceramic interlayer was more uniform than that of a Ti/RuO 2 –TiO 2 anode. The results of electrowinning tests revealed that an Al/Ti 4 O 7 /RuO 2 –TiO 2 –SnO 2 anode exhibited the best anodic performance with lower energy consumption, a longer accelerated lifetime, more deposition of Co as a product, and greater efficiency.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
冶金学
·
表面工程
·
能源材料
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·
IF 7.336
Cuilin Meng,Qiongfang Zhuo,Anqi Wang,Jingjing Liu,Zehong Yang,Junfeng Niu
In this study, TiO 2 nanotube arrays (TiO 2 -NTA) were used as an intermediate layer to provide effective electrocatalytic activity and stability for Ti/TiO 2 -NTA/Ti 4 O 7 anode. Compared with Ti/Ti 4 O 7 anode, Ti/TiO 2 -NTA/Ti 4 O 7 anode exhibited higher oxygen evolution potential (2.40 V), larger active specific surface areas (1.81 m 2 g −1 ), stronger radical generation capacity (64.42 μM), longer accelerated service life (56.0 h), and superior favipiravir removal ratio. The flow-through electrochemical reaction system was constructed by using the porous Ti/TiO 2 -NTA/Ti 4 O 7 anode. The removal ratio, TOC removal ratio and mineralization current efficiency of favipiravir in the flow-by electrochemical system were significantly improved and the energy consumption was reduced compared with the conventional flow-by electrochemical system, verifying the superiority of the porous flow-through Ti/TiO 2 -NTA/Ti 4 O 7 anode. The effects of operating parameters on the removal of favipiravir in the flow-through electrochemical reaction system were investigated. The degradation mechanisms of favipiravir are the synergetic effects of the free radical (·OH and SO 4 − ·) and the direct electron transfer. Ti/TiO 2 -NTA/Ti 4 O 7 anode displayed excellent stability in five consecutive cycles, exhibited significant removal ratio (87.7%) of favipiravir from actual wastewater, and remained efficient and versatile for a wide range of typical PPCPs pollutants. Therefore, Ti/TiO 2 -NTA/Ti 4 O 7 is a promising porous anode material in the engineering application.
研究领域:
环境科学
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电化学工程
·
药物处理
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Aghil Sabbaghi,Frank L.Y. Lam,Guohua Chen,Xijun Hu
Improving lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries performance has been a challenge due to sulfur drawbacks. Here, it addresses the use of Magneli Ti 4 O 7 nano-tube arrays (MTNTAs) as free-standing interlayer in conjunction with carbon-coated separator (CCS) to improve the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. The electrochemical catalytic activity of MTNTAs showed stable cycling and outstanding rate performance. The battery equipped with MTNTAs, and CCS delivered 723 mAh.g −1 with a low capacity-fading rate of 0.07% per cycle at 0.5 C after 500 cycles. The remarkably fast Li ion diffusion and low internal resistance of MTNTAs provided a discharge capacity of 407 mAh.g −1 after 500 cycles at 10 C. The high-sulfur loaded cathode (6.7 mg S. cm −2 ) can offer a discharge capacity of 719 mAh.g −1 at 0.1 C corresponding to areal capacity of 4.8 mAh.cm −2 . The outperformance of the cell became drastically attractive when the cathode was fabricated with the simple blade-casting method using pure sulfur. The sulfur cathode delivered a superior discharge capacity of 471 mAh.g −1 after 250 cycles with coulombic efficiency> 95% at 0.2 C. The result of this study demonstrates that the coexistence of MTNTAs and CCS in the battery can offer a long-life cycle with outstanding properties such as fast charging and discharging, and high-energy density which is highly desirable for transportation sectors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2023
·
IF 9.2
Guangxu Yao,Yangjun Luo,Xiaodong Wang,Yanan Zheng,Han Guo,Mi Wang,Huijuan Zhang,Yu Wang
Precious metal catalysts are widely recognized for their excellent efficiency in OER and ORR , but high cost and stability limit further commercial expansion. Carbon-based catalysts with large specific surface area , although a potential alternative to noble metal catalysts in terms of price and performance, are notoriously weak in terms of corrosion resistance in extreme environments. Metal catalysts are able to solve the above problems and are gradually coming into the limelight, but the control of morphology is not as good as that of carbon-based catalysts. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems together, the development of bifunctional catalysts with high efficiency, stability, low cost and excellent morphology has become a bright research direction. In this study, a new catalyst consisting of phosphorus-doped self-supported nanostructured Ti 4 O 7 and nickel-gallium alloy particles was investigated using an electrostatic spinning process. Most of the previous studies have simply prepared Ti 4 O 7 nanofibers without in-depth investigation on how to better control their morphology. In contrast, this study presents a universal set of experimental parameters for the development of very fine Ti 4 O 7 nanospinning. With the help of this set of parameters, we develop a novel Ti 4 O 7 /C composite substrate nanofiber catalyst with an average diameter less than 297 nm. Its excellent morphology and corrosion resistance make it an inexpensive bifunctional catalyst with great potential. Relevant OER performed in 1 M KOH electrolyte shows that the catalyst has a low Tafel slope (80.77 mV dec −1 ), a small overpotential (282 mV at 10 mA cm −2 ), and excellent stability (up to 5000 cycles). In a strongly alkaline environment , the catalyst outperforms commercially available RuO 2 (299 mV and 105.79 mV dec −1 ). In addition, the catalyst demonstrates a half-wave potential of 0.86 V in 0.1 M KOH electrolyte, exhibiting excellent ORR performance. The maximum power density (161 mW cm −2 ) and energy density (813 mA h g Zn − 1 ) of the zinc-air battery assembled with this catalyst exceeds the performance of the air battery using the Pt/C catalyst with better stability. In summary, this study achieves significant methodological advances and develops a novel bifunctional catalyst, which is of interest to a wide range of researchers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 3
·1524-1530
·
IF 3.361
Fan Bai,Lincheng Xu,Daode Wang,Li An,Zhanzhong Hao,Fan Li
Manganese oxide composites with mixed valence states were prepared through the hydrothermal method by compositing with Ti4O7 and calcining at different temperatures, and their ORR and OER catalytic performance were investigated. The prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS, HRTEM-EDS, and XPS methods to analyse their phase constitution, morphology feature, and surface composition. The major phase of manganese oxides was Mn3O4, which is a one-dimensional structure, and its growth was induced by Ti4O7. The ORR and OER catalytic activity can be enhanced due to the preferred orientation of manganese oxides. Electrochemical measurements, namely CV, LSV and EIS, were utilized for determining the ORR and OER catalytic activity, whereas CA and ADT were used for studying the durability and stability. A Li–O2 battery was assembled to test the electrochemical behavior and properties in practical application. MnOx/Ti4O7 calcined at 300 °C exhibited the best catalytic activity of 0.72 V vs. RHE half-wave potential for ORR and 0.67 V vs. RHE overpotential for OER. The proportion of Mn3+ was also highest in all the MnOx/Ti4O7 composites. The assembled Li–O2 battery shows high performance with a voltage gap of only 0.85 V. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the inducement of Ti4O7 could strengthen the preferred orientation in manganese oxide growth and Mn3+ in MnOx/Ti4O7 plays a vital role in catalyzing ORR and OER, with both improving the ORR and OER bifunctional catalytic performance of manganese oxides.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 13.4
Kui Yang,Hui Lin,Xingwei Feng,Jin Jiang,Jinxing Ma,Zhifeng Yang
The inevitably high energy consumption of traditional electrochemical processes to treat low-conductivity water has limited their wider application. Herein, we present an energy-efficient alternative, i.e. , a Ti 4 O 7 reactive electrochemical ceramic membrane (Ti 4 O 7 -REM) system with a superior mass transfer ability. For the removal of 10−200 μM norfloxacin (NOR) from low-conductivity (178−832 μS cm −1 ) water, the Ti 4 O 7 -REM system increased the kinetics rate constant by 4.3−34.0 times, thus decreasing the energy cost by 80.5−97.3% compared with a flow-by system. The rapid NOR removal was related to the enhanced direct electron transfer process in the Ti 4 O 7 -REM system, which allowed for higher resistance to HCO 3 − scavenging and a favorable reaction between NOR and the active sites. Meanwhile, this mechanism likely contributed to the less formation of inorganic chlorinated product, ClO 3 − , in the presence of Cl − . Although organic chlorinated byproducts were not detected during NOR degradation in the Ti 4 O 7 -REM system, Cl – influenced the speciation of the intermediates. A single-pass Ti 4 O 7 -REM system demonstrated 94−97% removal of trace antibiotics from real water samples in 30 s. The additional energy consumption (<0.02 kWh m −3 ) using a Ti 4 O 7 -REM system only contributed to 5.0−6.4% of the total in a typical tertiary wastewater treatment plant. Based on the above results, we can conclude that the convection-enhanced REM technique is viable for the purification of low-conductivity natural waters.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 9.965
Heming Huang,Yangjun Luo,Li Zhang,Huijuan Zhang,Yu Wang
Transition metal catalysts for replacing noble metals have been extensively studied, but the deficiencies in intrinsic activity and stability limit their application in electrocatalysis . Here, we present CoNi alloy nanoparticles loaded on Ti 4 O 7 supports and embedded in N, S doped carbon nanofibers by electrospinning method. The prepared CoNi/Ti 4 O 7 @NS-CNFs exhibits satisfactory ORR and OER activities with a low potential gap of 0.664 V and shows a high stability over long periods of testing, which are superior to most of the transition metal catalysts reported so far. Accordingly, the Zn-air battery constructed with the prepared catalyst demonstrates a maximum power density of 165.7 mW cm −2 and a specific capacity of 788.4 mA h g Z n - 1 (1.61 and 1.14 times higher than that of Pt/C + IrO 2 , respectively). The addition of S element and corrosion-resistant Ti 4 O 7 plays a significant part in the morphology and activity of the prepared catalyst, which optimizes the distribution and electronic structure of active centers, and improves the stability of the catalyst. This effort provides a possible approach to exploring the efficient performance of the other transition metals.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储与转换
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）