Nuclear Materials and Energy
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Y.J. Fu,H. Wang,Z.M. Xie,R. Liu,X.P. Wang,Q.F. Fang,C.S. Liu,X.B. Wu
Bulk W-0.5 wt%ZrC (W-ZrC), W-1 wt%Re-0.5 wt%ZrC (W-1Re-ZrC), and W-3 wt%Re-0.5 wt%ZrC (W-3Re-ZrC) alloys were prepared and exposed to He 2+ ion irradiation with an incident energy of 500 keV at 400 °C. Post-irradiation analysis revealed the formation of He bubbles, with consistent number density and average size across all alloys. However, the W-3Re-ZrC alloy exhibited a notably higher density of dislocation loops within grain interiors compared to W-ZrC and W-1Re-ZrC. This led to a significant increase in the hardening rate of W-3Re-ZrC to 61.5 %, nearly twice that of the other alloys. By considering the binding energies of He-vacancy, He-He, and Re-He, the formation and growth behavior of irradiation-induced defects, including He bubbles and dislocation loops, were also discussed. This work provides valuable insight into the relationships among Re alloying, He-induced defects, and irradiation hardening in Re-alloyed W materials, thus offering valuable guidance for the design of W-based plasma-facing materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Sitian Zhu,Zhigang Xu,Qiang Shen,Chuanbin Wang,Lianmeng Zhang
Trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) electrodeposition is regarded as an environmentally benign alternative to hexavalent chromium plating, but the protective performance of Cr(III)-ZrC composite coatings can be limited by ZrC nanoparticle agglomeration and non-uniform incorporation. In this work, the nonionic surfactant Synperonic F108 (SF) was introduced for the first time into a Cr(III)-ZrC composite electrodeposition system to regulate ZrC dispersion and improve coating uniformity and corrosion resistance. SF was proposed to form a steric stabilization layer on ZrC nanoparticles, and the dispersion results were consistent with reduced agglomeration and more homogeneous incorporation into the Cr(III) matrix. At an optimal SF concentration of 0.5 g/L, the dynamic light scattering (DLS)-measured median agglomerate size of ZrC decreased from 268 to 139 nm, and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) revealed the lowest surface-potential standard deviation of 9.04 mV, indicating improved dispersion and reduced local electrochemical heterogeneity. Consequently, compared with the SF-free coating, the corrosion current density of the 0.5 g/L SF coating decreased by 90.5%, from 5.39 to 0.51 μA·cm −2 , while its charge-transfer resistance increased to 69.7 × 10 4 Ω·cm 2 . Time-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and an 80-day scratched immersion test in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution further confirmed the superior long-term protective performance of the optimized coating. The enhanced performance is consistent with reduced agglomeration-induced defects, improved microstructural uniformity, and reduced local electrochemical heterogeneity, which may contribute to limiting preferential electrolyte ingress during long-term exposure. These findings demonstrate that surfactant-mediated dispersion regulation is an effective strategy for improving Cr(III)-based composite coatings.
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高影响因子
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Sitian Zhu,Zhigang Xu,Qiang Shen,Chuanbin Wang,Lianmeng Zhang
In this study, Cr-ZrC composite coatings were fabricated for the first time via trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) electrodeposition, and the influence of current density on the microstructural evolution, microhardness, and tribological behaviors of the as-prepared coatings was systematically investigated. The results show that the composite coatings presented an amorphous matrix with uniformly dispersed ZrC particles, and an amorphous interface was observed between the Cr matrix and ZrC particles, which ensures robust interfacial bonding. The thickness of Cr-ZrC composite coatings and the content of ZrC particles both increase as current density rises. When the current density reached 20 A/dm 2 , the ZrC content attained a maximum of 15.55 vol% along with a coating thickness of 9.81 μm, and the coating prepared under this current density exhibited the highest microhardness of 1239.8 ± 20.7 HV, which was approximately 66.4 % higher than that of the pure Cr(III) coating (without ZrC incorporation). Tribological tests indicated that the Cr-ZrC composite coatings achieved optimal wear resistance at a current density of 16 A/dm 2 , with a friction coefficient of 0.43 and a wear rate of 9.75 × 10 −6 mm 3 ·N −1 ·m −1 under this condition. Collectively, these findings provide a critical theoretical and experimental basis for optimizing Cr-ZrC composite coatings and clarify the key regulatory mechanism of current density on their structure-property correlation.
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Keru Song,Shibin Wu,Xuesong Shan,Siyu Huang,Guangdong Zhao,Dongyu Zhao
A novel ZrC ceramic precursor was prepared by a polymer-derived ceramics method and ultraviolet (UV) crosslinking by using zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl 4 ), ethylenediamine (EDA), and diallylamine (DAA) as raw materials. On this basis, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon nanofiber (CNF)-coated ZrC ceramic precursors were synthesized by electrostatic spinning. The as-prepared fibers exhibited excellent designability and machinability by adjusting the proportion of precursors. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that these materials are converted to nano-sized ZrC ceramics and ZrC/C fibers with a highly crosslinked network structure after high-temperature annealing. ZrC/C fibers still maintained good electrochemical properties at high temperatures. Finally, the tensile test revealed that the mechanical properties of ZrC/C fibers are significantly superior to those of CNF. Specifically, the ceramic fibers with 25% ZrC content exhibited the maximum tensile strength of 71.7 MPa.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
陶瓷材料
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DOI
高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Muneerah Alomar,Lamia Abu El Maati,Muhammad Sultan Irshad,Naila Arshad,Afraa Alotaibi,Van-Duong Dao
The fabrication of sustainable solar-powered interfacial evaporators is essential for addressing global water scarcity challenges. Herein, we propose a new photothermal evaporator by applying a zirconium carbide-polypyrrole (ZrC-PPy) composite coating to a cellulose filter (CF) possessing enhanced photothermal conversion. The 3D photothermal evaporator is constructed by integrating a ZrC-PPy@CF evaporator onto triangular polyurethane (PU) foam. With a poor thermal conductivity of 0.078 W m −2 K −1 , the synthesized evaporator allowed effective heat localization under light. The evaporator produced an evaporation rate of 1.92 kg m −2 h −1 with a corresponding photothermal conversion efficiency of 89%. Additionally, the evaporator achieved over 99.9% rejection of common metal ions (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ) from saline water, yielding high-quality freshwater. These findings highlight the ZrC-PPy@CF evaporator as a scalable and versatile platform for efficient wastewater treatment and desalination.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Baojie Zhang,Longfei Zhang,Yuqi Hao,Furong Liang,Zhuang Ma,Lihong Gao,Chen Ma
In situ ZrC formation builds conductive pathways in SiBCN nanofibers. • Multiphase interfaces enhance conductive loss and interfacial polarization. • RL min of −52.02 dB and EAB of 13.04 GHz are achieved with optimal matching. SiBCN ceramic nanofibers suffer from limited electrical conductivity and polarization, restricting their electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. Here, SiBCN/ZrC composite nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning and in situ carbothermal reduction. Conductive ZrC nanocrystals and graphitic carbon enhanced charge transport, while heterogeneous interfaces among ZrC, β-SiC, graphitic carbon, and amorphous SiBCN promoted interfacial polarization. The optimized SiBCN/ZrC-4 nanofibers balanced dielectric attenuation and impedance matching, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −52.02 dB at 3.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.32 GHz at 2.0 mm. Their total effective absorption bandwidth reached 13.04 GHz over 1.5–5.0 mm, nearly covering the C, X, and Ku bands. Radar cross-section simulations further confirmed stable scattering suppression under normal and oblique incidence. This work demonstrates an effective phase and interface engineering strategy for broadband polymer-derived ceramic EMW absorbers. Download: Download high-res image (292KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Zhixin Wang,Yaowu Wei,Xun Sun,Yiming Yu,Jinhua Zhang,Jinwen Song,Bingqiang Han
Zirconium carbide was synthesized via carbothermic reduction using Zr(OPr n ) 4 and carbon black as starting materials. The phase evolution, carbon transformation, and growth mechanism of ZrC were systematically investigated with CaF 2 as a catalyst. ZrC nucleated within the carbon phase, facilitated by the formation of gaseous ZrF 4 , which shortened the diffusion distance between zirconium and carbon. The ZrC grains grew continuously and ventually forming well-defined octahedral structures as the reaction progressed. The addition of CaF 2 promoted the graphitization of the carbon source, leading to the formation of ordered carbon layers on the surface of the ZrC grains. This graphitic structure enhanced the reactivity of carbon and further accelerated the reduction reaction. This study reveals the synergistic relationship between the structural evolution of carbon black and the nucleation and growth mechanisms of ZrC, providing practical guidance for the design of high-activity ZrC powders for advanced ceramic applications.
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高影响因子
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
·
2021
·
IF 1.453
B.L. Zhao,Z.M. Xie,R. Liu,H. Wang,M.M. Wang,L.F. Zhang,R. Gao,X.B. Wu,T. Hao,Q.F. Fang,C.S. Liu,T. Zhang,Changan Chen
A bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) W-ZrC-Re alloy is fabricated via a developed bottom-up powder metallurgy process. The detailed fabrication processes including the mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering have been introduced. The relative density of this UFG W-ZrC-Re is as high as 99.5 %, and the average grain size is about 0.4 μm and uniform dispersion particles with the average particle size of ∼28 nm and number density of 1.48 × 10 21 /m 3 . The W-ZrC-Re exhibits high thermal stability that maintains its UFG microstructures as well as a high hardness (∼740 HV) even after annealing at 1500 °C for 1 h. This high thermal stability is attributed to the synergistic effects of the nano-sized ZrC particle pinning and Re solute drag, which demonstrates a good potential in the manufacturing of high-stabled UFG and even nanocrystalline W materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2018
·Vol. 102
·期 1
·70-78
·
IF 2.956
Ping Hu,Yuan Cheng,Xiang Guo,Chen Ma,Peitao Hu,Qiang Qu,Hong Zhao,Shanyi Du
Inspired by grouting technique in architectural engineering, an innovative method of slurry injection and vacuum impregnation was put forward to introduce nanosized ZrC–SiC ceramics into PyC modified 3-D needle-punched carbon fiber preform homogeneously and continuously, followed by spark plasma sintering to prepare C f /ZrC–SiC with graceful mechanical responses. The composite possessed improved fracture toughness and work of fracture at 5.37 ± 0.25 MPa∙m 1/2 and 951 ± 12 J/m 2 , 50% and nearly one order of magnitude higher than those of ZrC–SiC composite, respectively, with rivaling flexural strength at 177 ± 8 MPa synchronously. A graceful fracture mode was embodied in an obviously extended yield plateau with increased failure displacement by 300%. This enhancement was attributed to the uniform and continuous combination of ZrC–SiC with carbon fiber preform as well as protection and interface tailoring from PyC coating. The study offered an easy and effective method of preparing 3-D fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
建筑工程
·
陶瓷工程
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DOI
高影响因子
RARE METALS
·
2017
·Vol. 36
·期 12
·934-941
·
IF 1.189
Yong Yao-Wei,Fu Wei,Deng Qi-Lin,Yang Jian-Guo
By adding mixture of ZrO 2 and carbon, a Zr-enhanced composite coating was produced onto an AISI 1045 substrate by laser cladding. The microstructure and phase formation, microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coating were studied. The experimental results indicate that the composite coating with metallurgical bonding to substrate consists of γ-Ni, massive ceramic particles of ZrC, NiZr 2 , Ni 7 Zr 2 , (Fe, Ni) 23 C 6 and Fe 3 C. The in situ-synthesized ZrC particles are uniformly dispersed in composite coating, which refines the microstructure of composite coating. With different ZrO 2 and carbon additions, the properties are improved differently. Finally, the fine in situ ZrC particles improve the microhardness of composite coating to HV 0.2 650, which is nearly 2.7 times that of Ni25 coating. Also, the composite coating has an advantage in wear resistance; it offers better wear resistance when more mixture of ZrO 2 and carbon was added in nickel alloys.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
金属学与热处理
·
表面工程
·
先进制造
·
复合材料
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DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Lu Tang,Siyu Chen,Donghong Wang,Zhiyong Chen,Jimei Xue,Zhijun Wang,Ying Li,Hanjun Wei
The inherent dielectric properties and thermal stability of transition metal carbides (TMCs) have generated significant interest because of their potential use in electromagnetic (EM) wave applications at various temperatures. However, the high relative complex permittivity and conductivity of TMCs can cause impedance mismatch issues when utilized as absorbers, thereby limiting their effectiveness in absorbing EM waves. To solve these problems, ZrC/ZrO 2 –SiOC composites with a porous lamellar structure were prepared using polymer-derived ceramics (PDC) technology, which involved dispersing zirconium carbide (ZrC) into modified polysiloxane (PSO). The resulting ZrC/ZrO 2 –SiOC composite (with 5 wt% ZrC content sintered at 900 °C) achieved remarkable EM wave absorption performance , with a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −33.52 dB at 13.0 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) extending up to 7.75 GHz. This exceptional absorption of EM waves is due to the synergistic interplay of various factors such as interface polarization, dipole polarization, and conduction loss . Moreover, the composites exhibit a minimal weight loss of less than 2 % when exposed to air at temperatures ranging from 25 to 1200 °C. This study not only broadens the application possibilities of TMC materials in microwave absorption but also highlights their potential for further improvement and deployment in high-temperature environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Rana Mohsin Ali,Jie Wang,Tianhong Zhou,Yue Tian,Muhammad Usman,Hamza Khaliq,Muhammad Adnan,Zunaira Nasir,Ghulam Abbas Ashraf,Yusuke Yamauchi
To enhance the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based systems, constructing heterojunctions by combining multiple semiconductors has proven more effective than single-component catalysts. In this study, a SnBi@ZrC nanocomposite was synthesized via a hydrothermal method and employed as a visible-light-responsive photocatalyst for PMS activation to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB). Optimal degradation was achieved at neutral pH using 0.45 g L −1 PMS and 0.3 g L −1 SnBi@ZrC, resulting in 98.12 % RhB removal within 20 min, with a reaction rate constant of 0.198 min −1 . Compared to pristine ZrC, the SnBi@ZrC heterojunction exhibited superior photocatalytic activity, attributed to its larger surface area (38.24 m 2 g −1 ), mesoporous structure (12.83 nm), and narrower band gap (1.63 eV), which collectively enhanced light absorption and charge separation. Reactive species quenching experiments confirmed the involvement of SO 4 •− , • OH, O 2 •− , and h + in the degradation process. The SnBi@ZrC catalyst also demonstrated excellent stability and reusability across four successive cycles. Based on experimental results, a possible degradation pathway and mechanism were proposed. These findings suggest that SnBi@ZrC nanocomposites hold significant promise for practical applications in wastewater treatment, particularly for the removal of dye-based and other organic contaminants under visible-light irradiation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料化学
·
光催化
·
水处理技术
·
纳米材料
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）