APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Liuyang Dong,Yanru Cui,Tianfu Zhang,Peilun Shen,Dianwen Liu
The similar surface chemistry of calcium-bearing apatite and calcite makes their separation notoriously challenging, necessitating the use of high-selectivity depressants. This study explored the critical depression effect of malonic acid (MA) in enhancing the selective flotation separation of apatite from calcite. Micro-flotation experimental results showed that MA significantly improved selectivity by effectively suppressing apatite flotation while maintaining the high floatability of calcite. Mixed ore test showed that the grade and recovery of P 2 O 5 in the precipitated products were 27.35 % and 81.29 % at a pH of 9.5 and at an MA dosage of 5 × 10 -4 mol/L. Mechanism study revealed that MA exhibited stronger adsorption on the apatite surface than that on calcite. This preferential adsorption was attributed to the formation of stable chemical bonds between the carboxyl groups of MA and the calcium ion active site on the surface of apatite. MA reduced NaOL adsorption on apatite, thereby enhancing its hydrophilicity and strengthening the selective depression effect. Therefore, MA was an effective depression in the reverse flotation of calcite and apatite. This study is of great significance for the efficient separation and enrichment of phosphate ore resources.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Yuanlin Chen,Xueyi Guo,Yanfei Chen
The flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite is challenging due to their highly similar surface properties. In this study, phytic acid (PA) was applied as a depressant to achieve the flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite for the first time. Micro-flotation experiments indicated that PA showed a strong depressing effect on calcite flotation while a slight effect on smithsonite at pH 9.5. Smithsonite and calcite could be well separated by flotation in the presence of PA and with sodium oleate (NaOL) as collector. Based on a series of tests including zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the selective depressing mechanism of PA was well investigated and explained. It was found that the selective depressing performances of PA on smithsonite and calcite flotation were mainly attributed to the selective adsorption of PA based on the different active sites on minerals surfaces. As for calcite, a high adsorption degree of PA caused by strong reaction with the active Ca + sites exposed on calcite surface inhibited the subsequent adsorption of NaOL. On contrast, the much less PA adsorption occurred on smithsonite surface hardly affected the further adsorption of NaOL. The adsorbed aggregates layer covering on PA-treated calcite surface was also visually observed by atomic force microscope. These findings confirm the excellent selective depressing effect of PA on flotation separation of smithsonite and calcite, providing theoretical and practical reference for the clean flotation of smithsonite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 58
·期 11
·2300113
·
IF 1.5
Qiaoli Lu,Meng Li,Lin Zhang,Chunfang Gan
Replicating the key structural feature of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) by biomolecules provides unique inspiration for synthesis of CaCO 3 suitable for industry application. The biomolecule-based morphological strategies generally contain the strong interaction between crystal and functional groups, such as carboxyl group and alcohol hydroxyl group. Here, a comparative study of low-molecular-weight organic acids (OAs) with structural similarity on calcite crystallization is presented. The morphological evolution of calcite from rhombohedron to ellipsoid is observed, needle-like or dumbbell-like in the presence of monohydroxy OAs of lactic acid, malic acid, or citric acid, suggesting carboxyl group shows more remarkable effect on the morphologies of calcite than that of Li + . The strong adsorption behavior of carboxyl group on calcite can decrease the crystallinity with increased number of carboxyl groups. In contrast, the dicarboxylic OA of tartaric acid showed stronger effects on the phase transition process from vaterite to calcite than that of succinic acid and monohydroxy OAs. These findings will aid in synthesizing CaCO 3 with specific morphology and polymorph by biochemical methods and are of great significance to the industrial application of CaCO 3 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物矿化
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.413
Cheng Liu,Wencai Zhang,Shaoxian Song,Hongqiang Li,Yong Liu
The effect of depressant 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) on the flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite was studied by micro-flotation and electro-kinetic tests. The micro-flotation results showed that good floatability of both smithsonite and calcite were achieved in the presence of sodium oleate. The depressant PBTCA selectively depressed calcite without interfering the floatability of smithsonite. The mixed minerals flotation results showed that efficiency separation of smithsonite from calcite was achieved using PBTCA as the depressant. Zeta potential measurements indicated that NaOl was able to adsorb on the PBTCA pre-treated smithsonite surface, but failed to adsorb on the PBTCA pre-treated calcite surface.
研究领域:
矿物加工
·
浮选化学
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 7
·1849
·
IF 5.076
Jinjian Hou,Lingyu Sun
In recent years, unconventional oils have shown a huge potential for exploitation. Abundant reserves of carbonate asphalt rocks with a high oil content have been found; however, heavy oil and carbonate minerals have a high interaction force, which makes oil-solid separation difficult when using traditional methods. Although previous studies have used nanofluids or surfactant alone to enhance oil recovery, the minerals were sandstones. For carbonate asphalt rocks, there is little research on the synergistic effect of nanofluids and surfactants on heavy oil recovery by hot-water-based extraction. In this study, we used nanofluids and surfactants to enhance oil recovery from carbonate asphalt rocks synergistically based on the HWBE process. In order to explore the synergistic mechanism, the alterations of wettability due to the use of nanofluids and surfactants were studied. Nanofluids alone could render the oil-wet calcite surface hydrophilic, and the resulting increase in hydrophilicity of calcite surfaces treated with different nanofluids followed the order of SiO2> MgO > TiO2> ZrO2> γ-Al2O3. The concentration, salinity, and temperature of nanofluids influenced the oil-wet calcite wettability, and for SiO2nanofluids, the optimal nanofluid concentration was 0.2 wt%; the optimal salinity was 3 wt%; and the contact angle decreased as the temperature increased. Furthermore, the use of surfactants alone made the oil-wet calcite surface more hydrophilic, according to the following order: sophorolipid (45.9°) > CTAB (49°) > rhamnolipid (53.4°) > TX-100 (58.4°) > SDS (67.5°). The elemental analysis along with AFM and SEM characterization showed that nanoparticles were adsorbed onto the mineral surface, resulting in greater hydrophilicity of the oil-wet calcite surface, and the roughness was related to the wettability. Surfactant molecules could aid in the release of heavy oil from the calcite surface, which exposes the uncovered calcite surface to its surroundings; additionally, some surfactants adsorbed onto the oil-wet calcite surface, and the combined role made the oil-wet calcite surface hydrophilic. In conclusion, the study showed that hybrid nanofluids showed a better effect on wettability alteration, and the use of nanofluids and surfactants together resulted in synergistic alteration of oil-wet calcite surface wettability.Keywords:nanofluids;surfactants;enhanced oil recovery;wettability
研究领域:
石油工程
·
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Jiahui Wu,Longhua Xu,Donghui Wang,Kai Xue,Xinzhang Shi,Lin Peng,Jiushuai Deng
Removing calcite is a tricky problem in smithsonite flotation because of its better floatability. 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), a scale inhibitor in water treatment industry, was chosen as a calcite depressant. This study validated the effectiveness of HEDP in separating smithsonite from calcite by flotation using sodium oleate (NaOL) as the collector, and obtained a 70% recovery difference in a single mineral flotation. Artificial mixed mineral flotation obtained a concentrate with a grade of 44% and a recovery of more than 80%. Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) tests were conducted to obtained some crucial information on the adsorption of NaOL and HEDP, demonstrating that the adsorption of HEDP on calcite surfaces was stronger than smithsonite. The intense adsorption of HEDP on calcite surfaces was attributed to chelation with surface calcium sites. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that the selectivity of HEDP was closely related to the phosphate groups. HEDP was chemically adsorbed on calcite surface by complexing with calcium sites to form six-membered ring chelate. Partial oxygen atoms of phosphate groups dominated in the reaction with calcium sites, and the deprotonation of phosphate groups enhanced the reactivity.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2016
·
IF 3.993
Genxing Zhu,Shasha Yao,Halei Zhai,Zhaoming Liu,Yaling Li,Haihua Pan,Ruikang Tang
Aggregation-based crystal growth is distinct from the classical understanding of solution crystallization. In this study, we reveal that N-stearoyl-l-glutamic acid (C18-Glu, an amphiphile that mimics a biomineralization-relevant biomolecule) can switch calcite crystallization from a classical ion-by-ion growth to a non-classical particle-by-particle pathway, which combines the classical and non-classical crystallization in one system. This growth mechanism change is controlled by the concentration ratio of [C18-Glu]/[Ca2+] in solution. The high [C18-Glu]/[Ca2+] can stabilize precursor nanoparticles to provide building blocks for aggregation-based crystallization, in which the interaction between C18-Glu and the nanoprecursor phase rather than that of C18-Glu on calcite steps is highlighted. Our finding emphasizes the enrollment of organic additives on metastable nano building blocks, which provides an alternative understanding about organic control in inorganic crystallization.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物矿化
·
结晶学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Shan Huang,Lingyun Huang,Qi Zuo,Jian Liu,Jiushuai Deng
This study addresses the selectivity challenge in the flotation separation of fine cassiterite from calcium-containing gangue minerals, particularly calcite, by developing a Fe 3 + -CMC depressant system. Micro-flotation tests demonstrated that this system significantly improved separation efficiency: compared to using CMC alone, the SnO 2 recovery increased by 54.23–85.79 % (at a grade of 85.63 %), while the calcite recovery was depressed to 11.66 % (a reduction of 3.36 percentage points). The mechanism was systematically elucidated through contact angle measurements, solution chemistry calculations, surface characterization (Zeta potential, FTIR, XPS, AFM), and theoretical simulations (MD, DFT). The results indicate that Fe³ ⁺ mainly exists as Fe(OH)₃ in the pulp, which adsorbs on the cassiterite surface via hydroxyl groups and on the calcite surface through oxygen sites in CO₃²⁻. CMC consumes Fe³ ⁺ adsorbed on the cassiterite surface, while Fe³ ⁺ on the calcite surface provides additional adsorption sites for CMC, thereby enhancing its selective coverage. The stable Fe(OH)₃-CMC configuration promotes multilayer adsorption, effectively increasing cassiterite recovery while depressing calcite. This strategy, leveraging the synergistic effect of metal ion pretreatment and an organic depressant, offers a feasible approach for the efficient beneficiation of complex tin ores.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 6
Shengzong Lan,Liuyang Dong,Tianfu Zhang,Peilun Shen,Dianwen Liu,Zhengchang Shen
Ultrasonic treatment facilitates the flotation separation of calcite and apatite. • Ultrasonic treatment increases the specific surface area of calcite. • Ultrasonic treatment promotes the adsorption of NaOL on calcite surface. • Ultrasonic treatment enhances the exposure of high-energy crystal planes of calcite. • NaOL exhibits stronger adsorption energy on the high-energy crystal planes. Calcite is a widely distributed carbonate gangue mineral, which often coexists with calcium-bearing valuable minerals, making their separation difficult. This study aimed to clarify the enhancement mechanism of ultrasonic pretreatment on the flotation performance of calcite and its separation efficiency between calcite and apatite. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, multiple characterization techniques including specific surface area analysis, atomic force microscopy, microcalorimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were adopted to systematically explore the influences of ultrasonic pretreatment on the surface characteristics, crystal plane exposure of calcite, as well as the adsorption behavior of sodium oleate (NaOL) on calcite surfaces. The results indicate that at a NaOL concentration of 7.5 × 10⁻ 5 mol/L, ultrasonic pretreatment increases the calcite recovery from 59.46% to 92.54%, and improves the separation efficiency of apatite from calcite. Specifically, the cavitation and mechanical oscillation effects induced by ultrasound cause surface micro-etching of calcite, remarkably increasing the specific surface area and surface roughness while exposing more active sites. Meanwhile, ultrasound regulates the crystal plane exposure of calcite, significantly increasing the proportion of high-activity crystal planes. XPS and microcalorimetry results confirm that ultrasound facilitates the formation of a denser and more stable NaOL adsorption layer on the calcite. DFT calculations further verify that NaOL exhibits stronger adsorption energy on the high–activity crystal planes. Collectively, ultrasonic pretreatment improves calcite floatability through the synergistic effects of surface activation, crystal plane optimization, and adsorption enhancement. This study provides a novel method and theoretical support for the flotation separation of calcite from phosphate ore.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Hepeng Zhou,Wenhao Jia,Wenfeng Pan,Yongbing Zhang,Chang Liu,Handan Wu,Xuekun Tang,Meifen Lei
The flotation separation of calcium-bearing minerals remains challenging due to their similar crystal structures and calcium active sites. Conventional depressants like sodium silicate are required in large dosages, leading to significant issues with wastewater treatment and economic viability. Herein, a novel depressant scheme combining poly(acrylic acid-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (AA/AMPS) and sodium oleate (NaOl) was employed for flotation separation of calcite from scheelite. The underlying mechanism was elucidated through surface analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results demonstrate that at a pulp pH of 8.0 and with a low AA/AMPS dosage of merely 4 × 10 −6 mg/L, a scheelite concentrate with a WO 3 grade of 69.8% was obtained from the artificial mixed ore. This concentrate exhibited superior grade and recovery compared to those achieved using traditional sodium silicate and other reported novel depressants, while requiring a significantly lower reagent dosage. The study confirms that the –SO 3 − groups in AA/AMPS engage in strong, specific chemisorption with the active sites on the calcite surface via an electronic effect. The pronounced differences in adsorption thermodynamics and electrostatic repulsion enable AA/AMPS to achieve highly selective masking of the active sites on calcite. Consequently, this research presents an efficient depressant for the scheelite separation. These findings indicate that AA/AMPS is an efficient and environmentally benign depressant, demonstrating promising potential for industrial scheelite flotation.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Kuixin Cui,Aili Zhou,Caihong Yu,Shengming Jin
The unavoidable Mn 2+ ions in pulp were considered in the flotation of rhodochrosite, and its effect and relative interaction mechanism on the floatability of calcite served as a typical gangue mineral were investigated through microflotation tests, zeta potential measurements, SEM-EDS detection, solution chemistry calculation, adsorption experiments, FTIR and XPS analyses. There exhibited a good separation performance of rhodochrosite against calcite with OHA collector, but in the presence of Mn 2+ ions, the floatability of calcite was closed to rhodochrosite within a pH of 8.0–10.0, which resulted in the separation difficulty between them. As evidenced, the surface of calcite could be modified by Mn 2+ ions, its isoelectric point shifted positively from 8.91 to 10.06, and Mn 2+ species detected on calcite surfaces were in close proximity to rhodochrosite. It indicated that MnCO 3 precipitates were generated on the surface of calcite. After modified by Mn 2+ , the calcite surface became more active and obviously increased the adsorption amount of OHA. It was verified from zeta potential and XPS analyses that Mn species on the surface of calcite were active sites for OHA adsorption, likely the hydroxamate group of OHA collector chelated with Mn species to form hydrophobic compounds. As a result, Mn 2+ ions in pulp would reduce the flotation selectivity of rhodochrosite from calcite, thus it is necessary to eliminate the disadvantage of Mn 2+ for strengthening flotation.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2022
·
IF 5.479
Chenhu Zhang,Haijun Wu,Wei Sun,Yuehua Hu,Chengyong Wang,Shan Zhu,Peng Chen,Weili Ding,Lingling Ren
The recovery of fluorite from calcium-bearing carbonate ores by foam flotation is challenging due to low separation efficiency. Herein, we studied the effect of trisodium nitrilotriacetate (TN) addition on the surface properties of calcite and fluorite. For this purpose, we performed micro-flotation tests and carried out zeta potential measurements as well as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopic measurements to analyze the surface properties of these minerals. The addition of TN as a novel depressor significantly improved the effect of calcite and sodium oleate (NaOl) on the flotation-based fluorite recovery and separation from calcite. TN interacted with fluorite via an electrostatic interaction according to the zeta-potential and XPS analyses. The interaction of TN with calcite was via electrostatic attraction and chemical adsorption. Preferential chemical adsorption of NaOl replaces TN from the fluorite surface. However, calcite preferentially adsorbs TN due to the chemical bonding between carboxyl of TN and the hydrated calcite surface layer, which chemically modifies the original calcite surface. This work also suggests interaction and adsorption mechanisms between TN and calcite.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）