JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2020
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IF 4.748
Wei Luo,Qing Hu,Zhong-yi Fan,Jun Wan,Bin Luo,Zhi-xiang Yan,Sheng-Xiong Huang,Zhi Zhou
Reworked synthetic polymers (RSPs) are industrial raw materials obtained from waste synthetic polymer (WSP) through physical or chemical means. Different reworked synthetic polymers have different pyrolysis characteristics and synergistic reactions during co-pyrolysis process. The effect of reworked polyamide 6 (PA6), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), black polypropylene (PP1) and green polypropylene (PP2) co-pyrolysis on the yield and quality of pyrolysis products has been conducted. The results show that co-pyrolysis promotes the degradation of RSPs into more gases. Co-pyrolysis improves the light component of liquid oils and reduces the O content, which is beneficial for liquid fuels. Except for TPE + PP2, co-pyrolysis of RSPs increased di-aromatics, poly-aromatics and aromatic compounds. TPE + PP2 and PP1+PP2 produced high aliphatic compounds including the long chain aliphatic compounds without sufficient degradation, which resulted in the contents of over C 20 were high. In the pyrolysis gases , the relative content of H 2 was increased in all mixed RSPs co-pyrolysis, which can be used as clean fuels. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shown that new components were found and old components disappeared in co-pyrolysis, indicating chemical reaction had occurred between two different types of RSPs.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2024
·
IF 5.8
Zhen Yang,Zhenyu Li,Shaoxin Ye,Lan Ma,Feng Zhao,Xuejun Gu,Ying Jiang,Yingquan Chen,Xiaofeng Tang,Liangyuan Jia
Organic aerosol (OA) particles, as important parts of biomass pyrolysis tar, have a negative effect on the quality of pyrolysis oil by coking, while their physical and chemical properties are rarely reported. In this work, the flash and fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass and its individual components (cellulose, xylan and lignin) were conducted in a microfluidized-bed reactor (MFBR) and a U-shaped fixed-bed reactor (U-FBR), respectively. A vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol mass spectrometer (VUV-PI-AMS) was used for the online characterization of chemical components of OA particles, and their size distributions were determined by a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer (SMPS). The effect of feedstock types, pyrolysis temperatures and heating rates on the properties of OA particles from biomass pyrolysis was investigated and discussed. The experimental results show that the chemical components of OA particles from biomass pyrolysis dominated by carboxylic acids, furans, pyrans, lignin monomers and oligomers. The sizes of biomass-derived OA particles center at about 110 and 240 nm for the flash and fast pyrolysis, respectively. All detected OA particles exist in the form of liquid state. The high heating rate would improve the formation of lignin oligomers in particle phase.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
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IF 12.2
Siying Ran,Rong Cao,Ningbo Geng,Haijun Zhang,Lidong Wu,Zhandong Wang,Jiping Chen
Chlorinated benzenes are ubiquitously generated in thermal processes, and their continuous transformation into toxic pollutants has caused great concern. However, direct observation of key intermediates in the chlorobenzene oxidative pyrolysis remains inadequate. Here, using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry, we conducted in situ observation of the products and intermediates during chlorobenzene oxidative pyrolysis. Products such as chlorophenol, naphthalene, and chloro-dibenzofuran were detected. Our research directly observed a sequence of radicals, including propargyl (C3H3•), cyclopentadienyl (C5H5•), 2-ethynylphenyl (C8H5•), and 2-vinylphenyl (C8H7•). Temperature-dependent analysis revealed that oxygen promoted chlorobenzene transformation to chlorophenol and phenol at low temperatures. Both phenoxy transformation and phenyl addition had a significant effect on aromatic growth. Diphenyl ether was identified, indicating a key route of phenyl-phenoxy reaction in the formation of dibenzofuran. These findings provided new experimental insights to deepen our understanding of the evolution of chlorobenzene in thermal industrial processes, especially its transformation into naphthalene and dibenzofuran.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Zhaolin Li,Shuaiqi Wang,Hao Gu,Sijia Sun,Mingzhu Pan
Developing environmentally friendly and sustainable wood building materials must address the key issue of flame retardancy. However, conventional flame-retardant strategies bring potential environmental impacts and toxicity of combustion by-products. One option to solve this problem is to develop innovative flame-retardant strategies. Here, we present a new fire safety strategy that introduces potassium formate (HCOOK) to enable wood to selectively catalyze the active release of CO 2 . The CO 2 released during HCOOK pyrolysis enables to suppress the combustion reaction by diluting the combustible gases (ketones, aldehydes, phenols, etc.). Specifically, the incorporation of HCOOK is beneficial to the decarboxylation reaction (C=O) of cellulose at low temperatures of 170–310 °C, which promotes the production of CO 2 and improves the fire safety of wood. Additionally, the char layer hinders heat transfer and oxygen diffusion, providing effective fire protection. These synergistic effects of condensed phase and gas phase result in wood with excellent fire-retardant properties (limiting oxygen index of 35.8 %) and smoke suppression (total smoke production reduction 66.19 %). Furthermore, owing to the hydrogen bond interaction between HCOOK and wood, the wood exhibits exceptional mechanical properties (modulus of rupture, MOR, and modulus of elasticity, MOE). This study proposes a simple and environmentally friendly fire safety strategy for wood, providing valuable insights and laying a crucial foundation for the development of sustainable building materials in the future.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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环境科学
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消防安全工程
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高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2025
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IF 6.2
Yilun Shui,Huiyu Liu,Rui Shan,Min Hao,Chengyu Li,Jun Zhang,Haoran Yuan
The present study proposes a promising strategy for selective pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles into high-value limonene under the dual action of chemical pretreatments and basic Ca x Mg 1-x Al oxides. The experimental results demonstrate that chemical pretreatments of rubber particles significantly enhance limonene selectivity in pyrolysis products while effectively suppressing the generation of sulfur-containing compounds. Among the various pretreatments, the rubber particles pretreated with 1 wt.% sulfuric acid exhibits optimal performance, which achieves a relative limonene content as high as 35%. The introduction of Ca 0.3 Mg 0.7 Al substantially promotes the selective production of limonene that gives a maximum relative content of 46% in pyrolysis oils. Kinetic analysis confirms that the application of as-prepared Ca 0.3 Mg 0.7 Al greatly lowered the average activation energy from 245.8 kJ/mol to 217.5 kJ/mol for waste tire rubber particles pyrolysis. Moreover, the plausible reaction pathway for waste tire rubber particles pyrolysis under the action of chemical pretreatments and composite metal oxides was proposed. This study, through experiments under ideal laboratory conditions, clarifies the core mechanism of the synergistic regulation of limonene selectivity by chemical pretreatments and basic Ca x Mg 1-x Al oxides, and provides basic research support and technical development directions for the subsequent targeted conversion of industrial-scale waste tire rubber into high-value limonene-rich pyrolysis oils.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料化学
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能源工程
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绿色化学
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资源循环利用
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热解技术
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Applied Catalysis O: Open
·
2026
·
IF 3.2
Lianhua Hou,Jing Chen,Chen Wang,Bo Sun,Baojian Shen,Xiaochun Zhu
Oil shale especially with low- to moderate maturity represents a strategically important resource due to its abundant reserves and wide global distribution. However, efficient exploration and enhanced recovery of product oil and gas remain challenging with current technologies. In this study, CuO nanosheet catalyst was synthesized and applied to oil shale pyrolysis. The catalyst promotes the cracking of long-chain hydrocarbons into shorter chains, significantly increasing the proportion of light fractions (gasoline and diesel) in product oil and improving overall oil quality. Simultaneously, shale gas production is notably enhanced, primarily in the form of low-molecular-weight methane and hydrogen. CuO nanosheet reduces the pyrolysis temperature and increases conversion efficiency of convertible organic matter into hydrocarbons, leading to improved hydrocarbon recovery rate. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed spontaneous adsorption of kerogen molecules on the surface of CuO nanosheets, with reduced energy barriers for C C and C O bond cleavage. This study provides probable application prospects for the development of unconventional oil shale.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
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2018
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IF 2.836
Yamin Li,Qinghui Meng,Jinglan Wang,Yan Zhang,Chuangchuang Cao,Zhanjun Cheng,Jiuzhong Yang,Fuyi Liu,Lidong Zhang,Yang Pan
The thermal decomposition of furfural is investigated in a flow tube reactor at 30 Torr by synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry (SVUV-PIMS) at temperatures from 1023 to 1273 K. Over 20 kinds of pyrolysis products, including short-lived radicals, stable oxygen-containing compounds, and hydrocarbons, are identified from the scanning photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra. Vinylketene (CH2═CH–CH═C═O), which has been shown to be an important primary product, is also directly observed. The possible steps of hydrogen atom addition and hydrogen atom abstraction in the thermal decomposition of furfural are studied by theoretical calculations at the CBS-QB3 level. In addition to unimolecular decomposition, hydrogen atom addition followed by ring opening can lead to the production of vinylketene.
研究领域:
物理化学
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燃烧化学
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反应机理
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质谱分析
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理论化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Xingshan Shi,Fuzheng Li,Xinyu Li,Weiling Piao,Kai Deng,Zhouhai Chen,Weiyang Xue,Jitong He,Hero Jan Heeres,Songbo He
Chemical recycling of end-of-life plastics contributes to the circular economy, and pyrolysis in rotary kilns is a commercially available technology for this purpose. This study examines the pyrolysis of real-world waste plastics, including polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polystyrene (PS), in a simulated rotary-kiln-type reactor at three pyrolysis temperatures (450, 500, and 550 °C). Particular attention is given on effects of heating rate (6 °C min -1 , 32 °C min -1 , and 100 °C min -1 ), which correspond to three representative operating modes of rotary kilns. Although the pyrolysis oil yield remained within narrow ranges, the quality of the pyrolysis oil varied significantly with the heating rate. Fast heating induced a transition from a waxy oil to a flowable oil during pyrolysis of waste PE and PP (accompanied by reductions in average molecular weight), and increased styrene selectivity during pyrolysis of waste PS. The results are explained by a dual-pathway model in which the fate of plastic pyrolysis vapor is governed by competition between wall-induced secondary cracking and rapid vapor removal. These findings show that pyrolysis effectiveness in rotating kilns depends strongly on both heat parameters (temperature and heating rate) and polymer structure, offering crucial insights for optimizing pyrolysis processes to recover high-value chemicals from waste plastics.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2020
·
IF 4.57
Chuan Yuan,Ding Jiang,Shuang Wang,Bahram Barati,Xun Gong,Bin Cao,RuiPing Zhang,Chuang Zhang,Emmanuel A. Odey
In this study, L -rhamnose monohydrate (LRM) was used as a model compound of seaweed polysaccharide to study its pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis mechanism . Initially, the weight loss curve of LRM was obtained by thermogravimetric analysis. The main weight loss temperature was found to be at 350–550 °C. Then, the pyrolysis mechanism of LRM was analyzed and verified by macroscopic experiments and molecular simulations. Experiments showed that the bio-oil yield was highest when the temperature reached around 500 °C, and the bio-oil contained large amount of furan substances. Finally, the effects of different proportions of catalysts (Mg–Ce/ZSM-5) on bio-oil products were studied, and the catalytic reaction mechanism was discussed.
研究领域:
能源植物学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 6.274
Yi Wei,Jiale Xie,Chaoyue Shen,Licong Lu,Jianbing Ji
The pyrolysis of rice straw as a feedstock in molten carbonates pyrolysis (MCP) and electrochemically assisted molten carbonates pyrolysis (EMCP) systems was investigated in this study. Molten carbonates (MC) were utilized as both the heat transfer medium and the electrolyte in EMCP. The results suggested that EMCP helped to reduce the formation of tar and water, while promoting the formation of gases, especially CO 2 . The optimum reaction conditions were 600 mA/cm 2 of current density in a particle size of 3 mm at 550 °C, with the maximum H 2 and CH 4 yields of 0.26 mol/100 g and 0.17 mol/100 g, and the yield of hydrocarbons peaked at 5.0%. EMCP system reinforced the reaction by accelerating the reaction rate rather than reducing the activation energy. The electrochemical process facilitated the conversion of the hydroxyl groups and a fraction of the carbonyl groups in the biomass to carboxyl groups, which then underwent decarboxylation to release CO 2 in the MC medium. Because oxygen atoms were removed from the system as CO 2 , the water formation decreased. The EMCP system showed benefits in the synthesis of hydrogen and hydrocarbons, and opened a novel pathway for the deoxygenation of biomass in pyrolysis.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2021
·
IF 4.185
Jin-Tao Chen,Zhi-Hao Jin,Wang Li,Kai-Ru Jin,Shu-Bao Song,Jiu-Zhong Yang,Zhen-Yu Tian
The pyrolysis of benzyl alcohol (A1CH 2 OH) at 30 and 760 torr was studied in a flow tube reactor. The synchrotron radiation photoionization and molecular-beam mass spectrometry (MBMS) techniques were used to identify and quantify 35 intermediates and products including some small species, several monophenyl ring species, and a large number of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A comprehensive chemical kinetic reaction model involving 376 species and 2171 reactions was developed with reasonable prediction. According to the rate-of-production analysis, the consumption of A1CH 2 OH is mainly proceeded with the H-abstraction reactions with H atoms and OH radicals under both pressures. H-abstractions and unimolecular dissociation dehydrogenation reactions also play important roles in the subsequent formation of PAHs. Phenyl radicals, benzene (A1), and benzyl (A1CH 2 ) radicals are important intermediates in the pyrolysis of A1CH 2 OH, which provide various ways for the formation of PAHs. Sensitivity analysis presents that the most significant sensitive reaction of A1CH 2 OH consumption is the unimolecular initiation reaction by the C O bond breaking from A1CH 2 OH under both pressures. The combination of A1CH 2 radicals with H atoms to form toluene (A1CH 3 ) has the most inhibiting influence on the A1CH 2 OH consumption under both pressures, while it has little sensitive effects for the oxidation process of A1CH 2 OH consumption. The comparison of the A1CH 2 OH pyrolysis and oxidation results show that the peak mole fractions of A1 increase, while the peak mole fractions of phenol (A1OH) decrease with the increase of equivalence ratio (φ) under the same pressure. It should be noted that the peak mole fractions of benzaldehyde (A1CHO) are relatively stable with various conditions. These results provide a theoretical basis for further study of the combustion chemical kinetics of A1CH 2 OH and its application in bio alternative fuel .
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
·
燃烧学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2019
·
IF 6.395
Yi Wei,Jitong Tang,Jiale Xie,Chaoyue Shen
Molten alkali carbonates (MC) pyrolysis technology is proposed to dispose digestate waste and convert it into high value-added phenolics in this work. The results showed that temperature strongly affected phenolic production by promoting the depolymerization of lignin, while particle size had less influence on phenolic productions owing to the catalysis and dynamic diffusion of alkali metal ions. Meanwhile, the effect of mass ratio between sample and molten carbonates was investigated by a series of differentiated proportions from 5 to 25%. The optimum reaction conditions were 10% of mass ratio in a particle size from 0.6 to 0.85 mm at 450 °C, with the maximum phenolics yield of 67.08% in organic. In sum, 5.6 g of phenolics and 0.96 g of guaiacols were generated from 100 g of digestate. Compared with conventional pyrolysis method, the methoxyl group in liquid product could be efficiently removed at atmosphere in molten carbonates. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis further demonstrated that alkali metal ions (Li + , Na + and K + ) promoted the primary degradation of lignin and secondary monomolecular dissociation reactions of methoxyphenol.
研究领域:
生物化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）