查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Trans-2-hexenal reduces postharvest mango stem-end rot by oxidative damage to Neofusicoccum parvum cell membranes

Tan Xiaoli,Jiang Xiaobing,Chen Xiumei,Reymick Okwong Oketch,Zhu Chen,Tao Nengguo

Neofusicoccum parvum is one of the most hazardous pathogens causing mango fruit decay. The present study utilized trans -2-hexenal (TH), a typical antifungal component of plant essential oils (EOs), to control N. parvum both in vivo and in vitro, and attempted to explore the mechanisms involved. The findings showed that at concentrations greater than 0.4 µL/mL, TH exhibited exceptional antifungal activity against N. parvum in vitro. TH application led to the disruption of the structural integrity of both cell walls and cell membranes, with a particular impact on the latter, as evidenced by the dramatically increased propidium iodide level, as well as reduced total lipids and ergosterol content. Further DCFH-DA staining experiments showed that TH induced mycelial reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which exacerbated cell membrane lipid peroxidation. For easier application of TH, we fabricated aerogel-loaded TH (ALTH) materials, which demonstrated excellent antifungal activity in vitro. Infestation studies on fruits demonstrated that ALTH mitigated mango stem-end rot in a dose-dependent fashion, with a concentration of 40 µL/L showing efficacy comparable to the conventional fungicide prochloraz, while maintaining fruit quality. In light of these results, TH works by inducing ROS buildup and oxidative damage to the cell membrane of N. parvum , and is a particularly promising preservative for preventing postharvest infections in mangoes.

Investigation on the molecular mechanism of SPA interference with osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Wen Hong-jie,Zhu Shou-yan,Yang Hua-gang,Guo Feng-yong

Binding of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (SPA) to osteoblasts induces apoptosis and inhibits bone formation. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the ability to differentiate into bone, fat and cartilage. Therefore, it was important to analyze the molecular mechanism of SPA on osteogenic differentiation. We introduced transcript sequence data to screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to SPA-interfered BMSC. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was established to screen biomarkers associated with SPA-interfered BMSC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the ability of biomarkers to discriminate between two groups of samples. Finally, we performed GSEA and regulatory analysis based on biomarkers. We identified 321 DEGs. Subsequently, 6 biomarkers ( Cenpf, Kntc1, Nek2, Asf1b, Troap and Kif14 ) were identified by hubba algorithm in PPI. ROC analysis showed that six biomarkers could clearly discriminate between normal differentiated and SPA-interfered BMSC. Moreover, we found that these biomarkers were mainly enriched in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. We also constructed '71 circRNAs-14 miRNAs-5 mRNAs' and '10 lncRNAs-5 miRNAs-2 mRNAs' networks. Kntc1 and Asf1b genes were associated with rno-miR-3571. Nek2 and Asf1b genes were associated with rno-miR-497-5p. Finally, we found significantly lower expression of six biomarkers in the SPA-interfered group compared to the normal group by RT-qPCR. Overall, we obtained 6 biomarkers ( Cenpf, Kntc1, Nek2, Asf1b, Troap , and Kif14) related to SPA-interfered BMSC, which provided a theoretical basis to explore the key factors of SPA affecting osteogenic differentiation.

A Potential Approach of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined Silybin for Synergistic Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis via ICOS/ICOSL

Yu Chun Wang,Shuai Ding,Ya Feng Wang,Han Xie,Shan Shan Liu,Hong Wei Chen,Dan Wu,Ying Xie,Xin Wen,Yi Zhun Zhu,Ling Yun Sun

Achieving clinical remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a significant challenge in current therapeutic strategies. While transplantation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) has shown promising outcomes, therapeutic responses vary considerably among patients. In this study, we characterized the immune profiles of nonresponders and identified elevated expression of inducible costimulator (ICOS) in peripheral immune cells as a critical barrier to effective treatment. This upregulation, combined with the presence of ICOS ligand (ICOSL) on UC-MSCs, activated T cells to secrete inflammatory cytokines through the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase / Protein kinase B / Mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway. To overcome this limitation, we identified silybin as a potential adjunctive agent. Further investigations demonstrated that silybin acts as a competitive binding inhibitor, effectively targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and reducing downstream cytokine release. The combined application of silybin and UC-MSCs significantly enhanced immunoregulatory effects, as validated through in vitro analyses with patient-derived samples and in vivo experiments using a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. This study highlights a novel, personalized therapeutic approach for RA, offering insights into improving clinical outcomes through targeted interventions.

A matrix metalloproteinase-responsive hydrogel with spatially orchestrated delivery of stem cells and raleukin for enhanced bone regeneration

Kai Xie,Zhengwei Liu,Kai Chen,Junyi Che,Yongxiang Wang

Stem cell therapy has demonstrated efficacy in treating bone defects. However, a critical challenge remains in effectively anchoring stem cells at the defect site and creating a conducive microenvironment that supports their proliferation and enhances bone regeneration. To address the dynamic microenvironmental changes occurring at different stages of bone defect healing, we designed a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-responsive biomimetic multilayer hydrogel system. The intermediate layer contains raleukin to provide targeted anti-inflammatory therapy, while the innermost layer comprises alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose microcapsules encapsulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to support stem cell retention, viability, and maintenance of stemness. The synergistic interaction between encapsulated BMSCs and raleukin effectively modulates the immune-inflammatory response and promotes angiogenesis, osteoblast proliferation, and differentiation. In vivo evaluation using rat skull defect model additionally demonstrates that the hydrogel system significantly enhances bone regeneration by accelerating bone metabolism and promoting osteoblast differentiation following implantation. Collectively, these findings underscore the therapeutic potential of MMP-responsive hydrogel platforms in advancing bone regeneration and related biomedical applications.

Bioinspired sodium alginate/silk fibroin dual-crosslinked conductive injectable hydrogel for neural stem cell therapy in cerebral palsy

Simiao Yu,Chenyu Liu,Yongxin Pan,Geliang Tang,Weihong Qiao

Cerebral palsy (CP), the leading cause of lifelong motor disability in children, lacks effective neural regeneration therapies. Current treatments only alleviate symptoms, and while neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation shows promise, its efficacy is hindered by poor post-transplant cell survival and differentiation. To overcome this, we developed an injectable, conductive hydrogel (MS-gel) mimicking the brain's electroactive extracellular matrix. The MS-gel integrates oxidized alginate and silk fibroin (MOA/TOA/SF) through dual-crosslinking (Schiff-base and photopolymerization), enabling rapid in situ gelation (<60 s) and stable conductivity (1.19 ± 0.02 mS cm−1) matching neural tissue properties. In vitro, the MS-gel maintained >90% NSC viability and enhanced neuronal differentiation (1.67-fold increase in β-III tubulin). In CP rat models, NSC-loaded MS-gel implantation improved motor function (88% longer rotarod latency) and cognition (80% shorter Morris water maze escape time). Proteomics revealed that NSCs@MS-gel promotes neural circuit repair via enhanced cellular clearance, ion homeostasis, cytoskeletal reorganization, synaptic restoration, and myelin integrity. This study presents the first integrated platform combining light-controlled gelation, tissue-matched electroactivity, and cytoprotection, offering significant potential for CP and other neurological disorder therapies.

Neural stem cells improve the function of learning and memory in the ibotenic acid-induced Alzheimer's disease mice

Xue Jia,Mingyue Li,Yunjie Wang,Huiwen Li,Xiaohan Zhang,Huijin Chen,Jingwei Tian,Guirong Zhang,Tian Wang

Neural stem cells (NSCs) showed a promising approach to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to investigate whether mouse NSCs transplantation can improve the function of learning and memory of AD mouse model and the underlying mechanism. NSCs was stereotaxically injected into the hippocampi of ibotenic acid (IBO)-induced AD mice. Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate neurological function. Golgi and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess the injury of the nerves. Additionally, enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) labeling was employed to evaluate the differentiation of NSCs. Compared with model group, NSCs transplantation shortened the escape latency and increased the crossing platform quadrant time, number of crossing the platform ( p < 0.01). The preference index and active avoidance rate was increased after NSCs transplantation when compared with the model group ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). NSCs augmented not only the number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, but also the dendritic spine density, dendritic complexity and ACh content in the hippocampus ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Furthermore, NSCs also elevated the levels of BDNF in the hippocampus of AD mice ( p < 0.01). It also showed that a portion of transplanted NSCs differentiated into neurons at four weeks post-transplantation. These results demonstrated that NSCs improved learning and memory function in the AD model by ameliorating neuron injury and differentiating into neurons.

Aging-related peroxisomal dysregulation disrupts intestinal stem cell differentiation through alterations of very long-chain fatty acid oxidation

Xiaoxin Guo,Gang Du,Juanyu Zhou,Fang Fu,Yu Yuan,Xingzhu Liu,Haiou Chen,Qianyi Wan,Bo Gong,Haiyang Chen

Aging disrupts intestinal stem cell (ISC) lineage fidelity, impairing epithelial barrier function and then promoting systemic health decline. In this study, we identify peroxisomal dysfunction as a critical driver of age-associated ISC mis-differentiation. Using Drosophila and mouse colonic organoids, we demonstrate that reduced PEX5 expression in aged ISCs impairs peroxisomal matrix protein import, leading to very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) accumulation. In addition, we found that RAB7-dependent late endosome maturation and SOX21A were downstream of the peroxisome in controlling aged ISC differentiation. Aspirin, a classic anti-inflammatory drug, restores ISC lineage fidelity by enhancing PEX5-mediated peroxisomal β-oxidation of VLCFAs. Taken together, these findings highlight peroxisomal dysfunction and VLCFA metabolism as pivotal regulators of ISC aging and suggest new therapeutic strategies for combating age-related intestinal decline.

Larvicidal activity of Illicium difengpi BN Chang (Schisandraceae) Stem Bark and its Constituent Compounds against Aedes aegypti L

Y Liu,XC Liu,QY Liu,C Niu,ZL Liu

Cotton ACAULIS5 is involved in stem elongation and the plant defense response to Verticillium dahliae through thermospermine alteration

Mo Huijuan,Wang Xingfen,Zhang Yan,Yang Jun,Ma Zhiying

Key message Overexpression of GhACL5 , an ACAULIS5 from cotton, in Arabidopsis increased plant height and T-Spm level. Silencing of GhACL5 in cotton exhibited a dwarf phenotype and reduced resistance to Verticillium dahliae . Abstract The Arabidopsis thaliana gene ACAULIS5 ( ACL5 ), for which inactivation causes a defect in stem elongation, encodes thermospermine (T-Spm) synthase. However, limited information is available about improvement in plant height by the overexpression of ACL5 gene, and the biological functions of ACL5 genes in response to biotic stress. Here, this study reports that constitutive expression of the cotton ACL5 gene ( GhACL5 ) in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly increased plant height and elevated the level of T-Spm. Silencing of that gene in cotton reduced the amount of T-Spm and led to a severe dwarf phenotype. Expression of GhACL5 was induced upon treatment with the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae and plant hormones salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene in resistant cotton plants, but gene silencing in cotton enhanced their susceptibility to V. dahliae infection. Furthermore, T-Spm exposure effectively inhibited V. dahliae growth in vitro. In summary, GhACL5 expression is related to in planta levels of T-Spm and is involved in stem elongation and defense responses against V. dahliae .

Sulfonated glycosaminoglycan bioinspired carbon dots for effective cellular labelling and promotion of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Huijuan Cai,Jiayun Ma,Xinyuan Xu,Hetao Chu,Dongyue Zhang,Jianshu Li

Although carbon dots (CDs) have been synthesized and applied in a variety of biological fields, such as disease diagnosis and gene/drug delivery, the exploration of facile bioinspired synthesis and applications of CDs is still of great significance. Particularly, recent increasing research has clearly confirmed that nanomaterials can affect a series of physiological behaviors and functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (e.g., differentiation and pluripotency). Therefore, it is very important to develop multifunctional nanomaterials to simultaneously realize the cellular labelling and regulation of MSC behaviors in practical applications. Herein, sulfonated glycosaminoglycan-bioinspired CDs as bi-functional nanomaterials were ingeniously designed for cellular imaging and promoting the differentiation of rat bone MSCs (rBMSCs) in different culture media, which simultaneously met the two fundamental requirements in the field of MSC-based treatments (e.g., precisely directing the differentiation of MSCs and effective cellular labeling). These bifunctional CDs were successfully prepared via one-pot hydrothermal synthesis by using D-glucosamine hydrochloride (GA·HCl) and sodium p-styrenesulfonate (NaSS) as the reactants. The synthesized CDs with a uniform particle size (around 4 nm) dispersed well in aqueous solutions and exhibited remarkable fluorescence stability under different conditions. Additionally, cell viability and proliferation results demonstrated that the CDs possessed good biocompatibility, having negligible effects on the self-renewal potential of rBMSCs. The as-prepared CDs presented a cytoplasmatic distribution after being ingested by rBMSCs; thus, they are particularly suitable for cellular imaging. More importantly, the addition of CDs to osteogenic and chondrogenic induction media (OIM and CIM), respectively, was capable of effectively promoting the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of rBMSCs due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) while having no influence on their pluripotency. In brief, this study not only implements a cellular labeling method based on CDs that were synthesized by a biomimicking strategy, but also paves a new way to regulate the differentiation of MSCs by designing multifunctional nanomaterials; this will enable the extensive development of facile synthesis methods and new applications of CDs and will also provide some research foundations for MSC-based fields.

Cotransplantation of mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells for treating steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Xu Haixia,Wang Chengqiang,Liu Chun,Peng Ziyue,Li Jianjun,Jin Yanglei,Wang Yihan,Guo Jiasong,Zhu Lixin

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is characterized by decreased osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and increased adipogenesis. While bone tissue engineering has been widely investigated to treat ONFH, its therapeutic effects remain unsatisfactory. Therefore, further studies are required to determine optimal osteogenesis, angiogenesis and adipogenesis in the necrotic area of the femoral head. In our study, we developed a carboxymethyl chitosan/alginate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell/endothelial progenitor cell (CMC/ALG/BMSC/EPC) composite implant, and evaluated its ability to repair steroid-induced ONFH. Our in vitro studies showed that BMSC and EPC coculture displayed enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation. When compared with single BMSC cultures, adipogenic differentiation in coculture systems was reduced. We also fabricated a three-dimensional (3D) CMC/ALG scaffold for loading cells, using a lyophilization approach, and confirmed its good cell compatibility characteristics, that is, high porosity, low cytotoxicity and favorable cell adhesion. 3D coculture of BMSCs and EPCs also promoted secretion of osteogenic and angiogenic factors. Then, we established an rabbit model of steroid-induced ONFH. The CMC/ALG/BMSC/EPC composite implant was transplanted into the bone tunnel of the rabbit femoral head after core decompression (CD) surgery. Twelve weeks later, radiographical and histological analyses revealed CMC/ALG/BMSC/EPC composite implants had facilitated the repair of steroid-induced ONFH, by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and reducing adipogenesis when compared with CD, CMC/ALG, CMC/ALG/BMSC and CMC/ALG/EPC groups. Thus, our data show that cotransplantation of BMSCs and EPCs in 3D scaffolds is beneficial in treating steroid-induced ONFH.

Dietary vitamin A affects growth performance, intestinal development, and functions in weaned piglets by affecting intestinal stem cells

Wang Zhaobin,Li Jia,Wang Yu,Wang Lei,Yin Yuebang,Yin Lanmei,Yang Huansheng,Yin Yulong

Vitamin A (VA) is an important nutrient for weaning piglets. It plays a significant role in the normal formation, development, and maintenance of epithelial cells. Previous studies have shown that VA supplements could improve the host’s intestinal barrier function. Therefore, we hypothesized that VA supplements can affect intestinal function in weaned piglets by regulating intestinal stem cells. Thirty-two 21-d-old weaned [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] piglets with an average weight of 8.34 ± 0.13 kg were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, with 1) 2 mg/kg (control), 2) 4 mg/kg, 3) 8 mg/kg, and 4) 16 mg/kg doses of VA, respectively. The experiment lasted for 14 d. Weaned piglets were given ad libitum access to food and water during the test. The ADG (linear, P = 0.020) and G:F (linear, P = 0.005) of the piglets were found to increase significantly from days 8 to 14. The Lgr5+ gene expression (P = 0.012) in the jejunum mucosa of the 16 mg/kg VA group was increased. The jejunum villus height (P = 0.027) and villi surface area (P = 0.035) were significantly increased in the 4 mg/kg VA treatment group. The crypt depth increased significantly in the 4 and 8 mg/kg VA treatment groups (quadratic, P = 0.043), and the ratios of villus height to crypt depth significantly increased in the 16 mg/kg VA group (quadratic, P = 0.015). The maltase (P = 0.032), sucrose (P = 0.041), and alkaline phosphatase activity (linear, P = 0.024) were significantly increased when further supplemented with 4 mg/kg VA. Slc2a2 mRNA abundance was significantly increased in the 2 mg/kg VA group (linear, P = 0.024). Moreover, the budding rates, buddings number per organoid, and Chromogranin A and Muc2 expression of piglet intestinal organoids were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) by VA and its metabolites (retinoic acid). Compared with the control group, the expression of Spp1 and Trop2 increased. These results indicated that VA may increase the stemness of intestinal stem cell in vitro. This study suggested that VA could affect growth performance and intestinal function by regulating intestinal stem cells in the jejunum of weaned piglets.