Environmental Science-Nano
·
2020
·Vol. 7
·期 12
·3914-3926
·
IF 7.683
Xinjie Wang,Yang Li,Jian Zhao,Xinghui Xia,Xiaonan Shi,Jiajun Duan,Wen Zhang
Aggregation behavior determines the fate and bioavailability of nanoparticles in aquatic environments. This study investigated the effect of UV irradiation and salts (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, and Na3PO4) on the aggregation of three polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) with various surface functional groups. UV irradiation promoted the aggregation of pristine PSNPs in NaCl (>100 mM) and amino-modified PSNPs (PSNPs-NH2) in NaCl (≥100 mM) or Na2SO4 (≥100 mM) solutions. Under UV irradiation, hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) degraded the sulfate groups of PSNPs and amino groups of PSNPs-NH2 and decreased electrostatic repulsion forces among particles. Carboxyl-modified PSNPs (PSNPs-COOH) were relatively stable in NaCl and Na2SO4 solutions because of their high negative surface charge and hydrophilicity even after UV irradiation. Similarly, because the negative surface charge of PSNPs and PSNPs-NH2 in CaCl2 (1–50 mM) remained high under UV exposure, the strong electrostatic forces retarded the UV effect on the aggregation of PSNPs and PSNPs-NH2. However, UV irradiation accelerated PSNPs-COOH aggregation in CaCl2 (≥20 mM), probably because UV irradiation generated more carboxyl groups, which bind with Ca2+ and increase aggregation via a bridging effect. PO43− inhibited ˙OH photogeneration and stabilized the three types of PSNPs. Our study reveals the intriguing effects of light irradiation and salts on the aggregation behavior of emerging plastic nanoparticles in aquatic environments.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
纳米技术
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Lin Deng,Wei Luo,Xiao Chi,Tingting Huang,Longjia Wen,Huiyu Dong,Mingxian Wu,Jun Hu
The UV/Cl 2 process is commonly used to achieve a multiple-barrier disinfection and maintain residuals. The study chose methylamine as a precursor to study the formation of high-toxic halonitromethanes (HNMs) in the presence of bromide ions (Br − ) during UV/Cl 2 disinfection. The maximum yield of HNMs increased first and then decreased with increasing concentration of Br − . An excessively high concentration of Br − induced the maximum yield of HNMs in advance. The maximum bromine incorporation factor (BIF) increased, while the maximum bromine utilization factor (BUF) decreased with the increase of Br − concentration. The maximum yield of HNMs decreased as pH value increased from 6.0 to 8.0 due to the deprotonation process. The BUF value remained relatively higher under an acidic condition, while pH value had no evident influence on the BIF value. The maximum yield of HNMs and value of BUF maximized at a Cl 2 :Br − ratio of 12.5, whereas the BIF value remained relatively higher at low Cl 2 :Br − ratios (2.5 and 5). The amino group in methylamine was first halogenated, and then released into solution as inorganic nitrogen by the rupture of C-N bond or transformed to nitro group by oxidation and elimination pathways. The maximum yield of HNMs in real waters was higher than that in pure water due to the high content of dissolved organic carbon . Two real waters were sampled to verify the law of HNMs formation. This study helps to understand the HNMs formation (especially brominated species) when the UV/Cl 2 process is adopted as a disinfection technique.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 15
·3910-3916
·
IF 5.976
Sangen Zhao,Yi Yang,Yaoguo Shen,Xiaodong Wang,Qingran Ding,Xianfeng Li,Yanqiang Li,Lina Li,Zheshuai Lin,Junhua Luo
Few nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are available for deep-UV second-harmonic generation (SHG), limited by the fundamental requirements of the structure-directing optical properties. KBe2BO3F2 is the sole exception, but it suffers from the high toxicity of the compositional beryllium element and a serious layering growth tendency. Here, we report a beryllium-free deep-UV NLO phosphate with honeycomb-like topological structural layers, namely, CsNaMgP2O7. The phosphate exhibits an enhanced SHG response of 1.1 times that of KH2PO4, which is comparable to that of KBe2BO3F2. Based on theoretical analysis, the enhanced SHG response can be well rationalized. Meanwhile, CsNaMgP2O7 possesses a reinforced interlayer bonding of about 2.95 times that of KBe2BO3F2, which is very favorable to mitigate the layering growth tendency. This work will be helpful to better understand the structure–property relationships in deep-UV NLO materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 71
·期 2
·267-275
·
IF 1.547
Zhang Jing,Lan Pinjun,Li Jia,Xu Hua,Wang Qin,Zhang Xianpeng,Zheng Liren,Lu Yuehui,Dai Ning,Song Weijie
This paper reports a facile means to gradually tailor refractive index from an ultra-low- n of 1.10–1.45 based on hollow silica nanospheres hybridized with acid-catalyzed silica. The influences of the hybridization on refractive index, thin-film uniformity, and roughness were systematically investigated. The single-layered antireflection (AR) coatings and the three-layered AR coatings were prepared using the hybridized thin films as building blocks. The former showed the near-perfect transmittance and reflectance, 99.16 and 0.42 %, respectively, at a single wavelength of 600 nm, while the average transmittance ( T
ave ) and reflectance ( R
ave ) from the near ultraviolet (UV) to the visible region (300–800 nm) were moderate; the latter demonstrated an excellent AR capability in broadband that T
ave reaches 97.29 %, much higher than that of the single-layered AR coating, 95.86 %. More interestingly, the three-layered AR coating showed an average transmittance of 97.94 % in the near-UV wavelength range from 345 to 400 nm and it was 6.77 % higher than that of bare glass. Moreover, the three-layered AR coatings had the less degradation in transmission and surface morphology after the highly-accelerated temperature and humidity stress tests, and the wet abrasion scrub tests. The findings imply that both good optical performance and durability are likely to be achieved using the sol–gel derived multilayered AR coatings.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2020
·
IF 4.032
Fuhao Dong,Yuehan Qian,Xu Xu,Hiba Shaghaleh,Lizhen Guo,He Liu,Shifa Wang
Improving the properties of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) is an imperative yet high-demand step in the application of WPU in industry. The UV-curing technique is an effective way to enhance the application properties of WPU. Herein, a UV-curable WPU emulsion was prepared by mixing isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) with a commercially available WPU emulsion. With the introduction of the IBOA, the viscosity of the IBOA-modified WPU (IAWPU) emulsion decreased, and the particle size increased. The IAWPU emulsion was stable for more than 6 months. The resulting IAWPU film restricted the movement of the segment by the rigid ring structure of IBOA. Meanwhile, IBOA also leads to an increase in the crosslinking density of the IAWPU films. The resulting IAWPU films had great water resistance, exhibiting a higher contact angle and lower water absorption than pure WPU. The tensile strength of the IAWPU film is up to 13.52 MPa, which is 14 times higher than the 0.9 MPa of pure WPU films. This work demonstrates that IBOA can more effectively improve the water resistance and mechanical properties of WPU through UV-curing technology.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 12.2
Leliang Wu,Dunyu Sun,Chenyu Yan,Longjiong Chen,Dequan Zhang,Chengdu Qi,Shaogui Yang,Huan He
Stable copper-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Cu-EDTA) poses significant challenges for simultaneous ligand degradation and metal recovery. A self-driven ultraviolet/periodate (UV/PI) process that enables efficient decomplexation of Cu-EDTA coupled with in situ copper recovery was developed. This process achieved 94.50% decomplexation and 68.94% copper recovery via precipitation within 90 min without pH adjustment. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the UV/PI process generates reactive iodine species (IO3•) and singlet oxygen (1O2), and Cu(I)/Cu(II)/Cu(III) redox cycling, driving stepwise decarboxylation of EDTA and Cu2+ release. Consequently, proton consumption during PI activation and IO3– formation induces a gradual pH increase to ∼7.5, triggering the precipitation of released Cu2+. This intrinsic coupling of oxidative decomplexation and pH-driven precipitation enables a self-sustained pathway for simultaneous ligand removal and Cu recovery. While the electrical energy per order (EEO) is comparable to that of UV/H2O2, the UV/PI process exhibits markedly lower energy consumption per mass of copper recovered than other UV/oxidant processes. Moreover, the UV/PI process further exhibits strong resistance to water matrix interference, effective performance in real electroplating wastewater, and broad applicability toward various heavy metal complexes. This study provides a mechanistically informed and environmentally benign strategy for the treatment of metal-EDTA-containing wastewater.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Xue Jiang,Zhentao Du,Xiaoming Mo,Sheng Cao,Jinju Zheng,Bingsuo Zou,Jialong Zhao
Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are highly promising optoelectronic semiconductor materials, yet their integration into microdevices is hindered by the difficulty in simultaneously achieving high crystallinity, regular shape, uniform size, and good processability during the synthesis process. Here, we report a substrate-free, room-temperature antisolvent recrystallization strategy using a mixture of toluene and green alcohols to address this challenge. The core of our approach is antisolvent additive engineering, where alcohols such as isopropanol guide anisotropic growth of crystals, thereby enabling the large-scale production of uniform microplates. The versatility of this method is fully demonstrated in the preparation of 2D (PEA)2Pb(Br,I)4 and (BA)2PbBr4 perovskite microplates. Under the optimized toluene/isopropanol volume ratio (21:4), (PEA)2PbBr4 single-crystal plates with a uniform rectangular shape and an average lateral size of 9.4 μm can be produced, which exceeds the size of most previously reported 2D perovskite micro/nanosheets. Furthermore, XRD analysis reveals that the synthesized (PEA)2PbBr4 microplates exhibits excellent stability even after exposure to air for 16 weeks. In particular, the as-constructed photodetectors based on (PEA)2PbBr4 microplates demonstrate excellent performance, with a dark current of 6.69 pA, a responsivity of 1.21 A/W, a switching ratio of 20.5, a detectivity of 1.75 × 1012 Jones, and an external quantum efficiency of 400%. This work provides a scalable approach for fabricating uniform 2D perovskite microplates of diverse compositions, thereby facilitating the exploration of high-performance, low-cost and integrated optoelectronic microdevices.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Yi Xin,Shengwen Zou,Jinlong Jin,Jingjing Zhang,Shiqi Lu,Jian Hua,Xiaojun Yan,Jianmei Huang
The trade-off between high visible transmittance and high photoelectric conversion efficiency poses a great challenge in the development of high-performance semi-transparent solar cells, which ultimately limits their light utilization efficiency (LUE) and practical deployment. Inorganic perovskite CsPbBr 3 is a promising candidate for semi-transparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSCs) owing to its wide bandgap and naturally high average visible transmittance (AVT > 40%). However, the relatively low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of semi-transparent CsPbBr 3 devices has hindered the improvement of their LUE. Herein, a UV-ozone passivation strategy is proposed for depositing high-quality perovskite films. Undercoordinated Pb 2+ in the perovskite is effectively passivated by introduced oxygen atoms, forming stable Pb O bonds, which reduce the defect-state density and related nonradiative recombination. Consequently, the optimized device achieved a record PCE of 9.42% among all reported CsPbBr 3 ST-PSCs. Combined with the high AVT of 57.74%, the device delivers a remarkable LUE (5.44%) for semi-transparent photovoltaics without complex optical regulation. Furthermore, the unencapsulated devices demonstrated excellent operational stability, maintaining 92.2% of their initial efficiency after 500 h under continuous 1-sun illumination. This study provides available guidance for effective passivation without residue and realizes highly efficient, stable and cost-effective all-inorganic ST-PSCs suitable for different applications.
✓ 已验证
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DOI
高影响因子
Chemistry-An Asian Journal
·
2026
·Vol. 21
·期 5
·e70666
·
IF 3.2
Naseer Ahmad,Linyue Xu,Bei Wang,Danfeng He,Siew Ling Lee,Wei Sun
Nanoplastics are a significant environmental threat due to their persistence and toxicity. In this study, we prepared a kind of Ag-doped Co 3 O 4 catalyst using a coprecipitation method, aimed at enhancing its photocatalytic degradation efficiency of polystyrene nanoplastics under UV irradiation. Morphology and component of Ag/Co 3 O 4 have been investigated by XRD, FTIR, TEM, and BET analysis. The information of absorption and energy levels for catalysts is provided by UV–vis DRS, Tauc plots, and Mott–Schottky curves. Charge-transfer abilities for catalysts have been analyzed by PL spectra and EIS. The photocatalytic activities of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs), Co 3 O 4 , and Ag/Co 3 O 4 have been carefully evaluated in this work. Ag/Co 3 O 4 photocatalyst exhibits the highest degradation efficiency with a kinetic rate constant of 0.0086 min − 1 , outperforming that of Co 3 O 4 (0.0062 min − 1 ) and Ag NPs (0.0036 min − 1 ). The degradation efficiencies for catalysts have also been assessed under varying pH conditions (neutral, acidic, and basic). Among them, Ag/Co 3 O 4 shows a notable degradation efficiency of 61% at pH 7, compared to 46% for Co 3 O 4 and 30% for Ag NPs. In addition, the intermediates and final products have also been discussed according to Py-GC/MS results.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Analytical Chemistry
·
2026
·Vol. 2026
·期 1
·6094234
·
IF 2.8
Amna Naz,Muhammad Farooq,Muhammad Sarfraz,Ahsanullah Unar,Rouheena Shakir,Hafiz Arfat Idrees,Nadia Anwar
Oleanolic acid (OL) and genistein (GN) are bioactive compounds known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, cardioprotective, and anticancer properties. Their synergistic therapeutic potential motivated the development of a hybrid nanoformulation, comprising GN nanoparticles incorporated into an OL-loaded liposomal system named GOL. The formulation was extensively characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and pharmacokinetic behavior, demonstrating its suitability for co-delivery of both drugs. To accurately quantify OL and GN in the GOL system, a robust HPLC-UV method was developed and validated. Simultaneous determination was challenging due to distinct chemical and spectral properties; OL showed λmax at 210–215 nm, while GN had λmax at 215, 270, and 336 nm. Optimization using a Box–Behnken design yielded a method using a C18 column with a methanol–acetonitrile–water–tetrahydrofuran (60:20:8:12, v/v) mobile phase and detection at 230 nm. Retention times were 4.8 and 9.9 min for OL and GN. Plasma samples were processed via simple protein precipitation. The method met ICH validation criteria for sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, precision, robustness, and stability. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to analyze both drugs from the GOL nanoformulation in both biological fluids and polymeric matrices, enabling a reliable assessment of drug content and stability.
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DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Liu Xu,Li Fang,Zhang Zhicheng,Guan Tong,Pang Boxue,Qi Delin,Wang Wei,Wu Yang,Deng Shubo
The UV/sulfite system is currently regarded as the most effective method for degrading and defluorinating per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), operating via hydrated electrons (e aq − ). Previous studies largely concentrate on PFAS molecular structure, overlooking the critical influence of e aq − microstructure. By integrating ab initio molecular dynamics simulations with experiments, we reveal strong correlations between cavity radius and PFAS removal efficiency (R 2 = 0.99) and defluorination reaction (R 2 = 0.89). Expanding the cavity radius enhances spin density at its centre (R 2 = 0.83), increasing the availability of solvated electrons for interaction with PFAS active sites and facilitating diffusion-controlled electron transfer that drives defluorination. Under alkaline conditions, an increase in cavity radius from 1.52 to 1.82 Å enhances spin-density delocalisation within the e aq − cavity, improving degradation efficiency. These findings are supported by experimental results revealing >97% degradation of hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (or its ammonium salt ‘GenX’) at pH 12. Concentrated e aq − enables cooperative multi-site attack on PFAS molecules, accounting for the enhanced defluorination. Overall, this study reveals an atomic-scale correlation between e aq − microstructure and defluorination dynamics. Beyond conventional approaches of modifying PFAS structures, we propose that regulating the solvation structure of e aq − offers a strategy for efficient degradation.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Water
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 16
·2045
·
IF 3.5
Yuanxun Cheng,Pin Gan,Xuan Chen,Yuanyuan Zhang
The combination of ultraviolet (UV) and periodate (PI) is a promising advanced oxidation process. We investigated the inactivation of a typical harmful algae species,Heterosigma akashiwoby UV/PI treatment and explored the inactivation mechanism at the cellular and molecular levels. The inactivation efficacy ofH. akashiwoby UV/PI and UV treatment alone was 9.21-ln and 1.23-ln within 37.5 min, respectively. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) contributed toH. akashiwoinactivation in the UV/PI system. Obvious destruction of the cell structure observed by transmission electron microscopy and the increases in extracellular DNA levels indicated membrane damage by the reactive species. The activity changes in the antioxidant enzymes and the decreases in ATP contents ofH. akashiwoafter UV/PI treatment were both more severe than that after UV treatment. The results indicated that the antioxidant defense system and the mitochondria ofH. akashiwocells were disrupted. The photosynthesis was also affected as both of the chlorophyll-a content and the maximum dark-adapted photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) ofH. akashiwodecreased obviously. The transcriptomics analysis proved that UV/PI treatment caused abnormal energy metabolism and cell function. Moreover, the down regulation of gene expression enriched in the phagocytic pathway indicated that the cell was severely damaged and inactivated under oxidative stress.
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高影响因子
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