Foods
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2026
·Vol. 15
·期 15
·2722
·
IF 6
Wei Cheng,Na Li,Qingyun Zhu,Gengdian Liu,Xiaoyun Hao,Chao Jiang,Lele Zhang,Xianfeng Du
Huangshui (HS), fermented grains (FG), and pit mud (PM) are closely connected during the fermentation of Nongxiangxing baijiu (NXB); however, the contribution of HS to the differences in flavor profiles across PM, FG, and distilled baijiu has not been fully elucidated. Herein, instrumental techniques of electronic nose (E-nose), headspace gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were used to compare the volatile profiles of HS, FG, PM, and two quality grades of NXB. E-nose analysis revealed that PM exhibited stronger signals related to sulfur-containing, organic, and terpene-associated compounds. Gas chromatography indicated that special-grade baijiu had a more favorable ethyl caproate/ethyl lactate ratio than superior-grade baijiu. Furthermore, HS-GC-IMS revealed different volatile profiles of the samples. Up to 183 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified via HS-SPME-GC-MS, with esters and acids being the dominant classes. Multivariate analysis showed close relationships among HS, FG, and PM, and 35 VOCs were identified as important discriminatory compounds. These results suggest the differences and similarities in VOCs among the HS, FG, PM, and NXB samples, indicating that HS is chemically associated with both FG and PM. This study provides useful insights into HS utilization and quality regulation of NXB through the effective management of HS.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124477
·
IF 7.5
Ke Yin,Juntai Tian,Ziwei Wang,Bichun Huang
Morphology engineering is an effective strategy to regulate the catalytic performance of transition metal oxides for chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOCs) elimination, yet the morphology-dependent response to surface modification and its intrinsic mechanism remain insufficiently understood. Herein, cubic Co 3 O 4 -c and plate-like Co 3 O 4 -p with distinct surface defect densities were selected as model catalysts to systematically reveal the morphology-dependent effect on chlorobenzene (CB) oxidation, with surface phosphorylation employed as a regulated means to probe the intrinsic morphology-dependent regulation mechanism. Surface phosphorylation exhibits a significant morphology-dependent feature. It retains the intrinsic spinel structure of Co 3 O 4 and triggers surface electronic redistribution via constructed Co–O–P bonds. High-defect Co 3 O 4 -p presents favorable responsiveness to phosphorylation, which synchronously boosts acid sites, surface Co 3 + proportion and adsorbed active oxygen content. By contrast, phosphate species partially cover surface active sites of low-defect Co 3 O 4 -c, leading to activity decline. The optimized HP-Co 3 O 4 -p delivers a T 90 value of 330 ℃ toward CB combustion, 23 ℃ lower than pristine Co 3 O 4 -p, and retains 84% conversion after 10 h reaction with mitigated attenuation. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that the morphology-dependent effect originates from the difference in surface defect density. On high-defect Co 3 O 4 -p, P–OH groups supply protons to facilitate C–Cl bond activation and HCl desorption, and phosphate moieties alleviate chlorine enrichment and restrain polychlorinated byproducts. This work reveals the morphology-dependent phosphorylation mechanism of Co 3 O 4 and guides the rational design of efficient CVOCs catalysts.
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Environments
·
2026
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·426
·
IF 4.3
Xuekai Wang,Xiangwu Meng,Mengtian Zhang,Kai Li,Lichun Mao,Lu Zhong,Jianjun Li
Efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) from antibiotic-contaminated wastewater remains a significant challenge. In this study, a nitrogen-doped carbon modified cobalt ferrite (C@CoFe2O4, CF) composite was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, and its adsorption–catalysis dual-function performance was systematically evaluated. Structural characterization revealed that CoFe2O4nanoparticles were locally encapsulated by an N-doped carbonaceous layer, providing a high specific surface area and abundant nitrogen-containing active sites. Under optimized conditions, the CF-3/PMS system achieved 93.44% TC removal within 45 min, while CF-3 exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 486.5 mg·g−1. Radical quenching experiments suggested that singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide radicals (O2•−) played major roles in TC oxidation, while sulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radicals (HO•) also contributed, indicating the coexistence of radical and non-radical oxidation pathways. TC adsorption was driven by surface complexation, π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions, and hydrogen bonding. The enhanced TC removal performance may arise from the cooperative contributions of N-containing carbon sites, accessible Co/Fe-containing regions, and interfacial electronic interactions, which promote TC enrichment and PMS-mediated oxidation. This work provides a promising strategy for designing bifunctional materials for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Cui Yuhan,Hao Wang,Zhenyu Hu,Tai Peng,Mingyan Chuai,Wanqiang Liu
This study reveals that electrolyte pH dominates proton concentration and transport kinetics in AHPBs. • At the optimal pH of 2.2, the specific capacity reaches 635.17 mAh g⁻¹, growing by 116.99% against the pH 5.2 baseline. • An Al³⁺-based pH regulation strategy is put forward to substitute strong acids. • It restrains zinc anode corrosion and hydrogen evolution, lifting the cycle life from 220 to 680 cycles (a 209% increase). • The synergistic effect of H⁺ and sulfate ions is clarified, which cuts electrode impedance and narrows charge-discharge voltage gaps, delivering design guidance for high-stable aqueous batteries. Aqueous hydrogen proton batteries (AHPBs) rely exclusively on the electrolyte for proton supply, making electrolyte pH a pivotal parameter governing overall electrochemical performance. In this work, we innovatively establish a continuous electrolyte-pH-gradient experimental system that overcomes the limitations of conventional single-point pH measurements. By integrating systematic electrochemical characterization with mechanistic analysis, we reveal for the first time that the regulation of battery performance by pH stems from the dual direct effect of H + concentration-gradient variations on (i) the thermodynamic equilibrium of the cell electromotive force and (ii) the kinetic process of H + migration. This insight demonstrates that activation of the Grotthuss proton-transport mechanism requires both a proton-rich milieu and a sufficiently dense network of weak hydrogen bonds, thereby deepening the microscopic understanding of H + diffusion pathways. Furthermore, we elucidate the correlation between cation valence state and the dissociation of protons in solvated water, leading to a novel strategy: replacing strong acids with high-valence cations to mitigate the shortened cycle life and low retention observed at low pH. These advances enrich and refine the design philosophy of AHPB electrolytes, opening avenues for acid-free formulations and promising to accelerate the rapid development of AHPB technology.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 8.8
Tingting Tang,Heting Wang,Kaibo Hu,Xuewei Li,Shengqiong Fang,Ming Xie,Shuaifei Zhao,Liwei Zhuang,Wenyuan Ye,Yinhua Wan,Jiuyang Lin
To address the persistent challenges in separating heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) with similar physicochemical properties, this study developed a novel U-shaped interwoven hollow fiber three-phase membrane module (UI-HFTPM) for the selective separation of yttrium ions (Y 3+ ) from Y-rich heavy rare earth solutions. The separation efficiency was systematically explored with respect to membrane structural parameters and operational conditions. Comparative experiments revealed that the UI-HFTPM outperformed parallel hollow fiber three-phase membrane modules (P-HFTPM), achieving a 99.03% purity for Y 3+ in the feed phase after 4 h of operation, while the separation factor ( SF ) between Y 3+ and other HREEs (i.e., SF Ho/Y , SF Er/Y , SF Tm/Y , SF Yb/Y , and SF Lu/Y ) reaching 4.40, 6.09, 6.80, 11.44, and 13.04 within 5 min of operation, respectively. When treating a high-concentration real feed (12.445 g L −1 ), the Y 3+ purity reached 97.20% at 12 h, slightly lower than that obtained under dilute conditions. Additionally, a three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to elucidate how secondary flow pattern, induced by the U-shaped structure, enhances radial mixing and thereby influences the mass transfer and reactive extraction/stripping of the representative rare earth ions (Y 3+ and Er 3+ ). This study demonstrates the capability of the CFD model for qualitatively predicting the effects of operational and structural parameters on Y 3+ separation, providing theoretical guidance and technical support for the design, scale-up, and optimization of advanced hollow fiber membrane modules for sustainable rare earth separation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Yuanzhou Mu,Mengmeng Sun,Siyi Guo,Tingting Dong,Lizhong He
A 3D honeycomb-like Ni–Co–Mn oxide composite is grown on carbon cloth. • Multi-component synergy enhances charge storage. • The electrode delivers 349.7 mAh g −1 and retains 90% capacitance after 30,000 cycles. • An asymmetric device achieves 68.99 Wh kg −1 and 98.33% retention after 20,000 cycles. Exploring promising electrode materials with enhanced specific capacitance, cyclic stability, and capacitance retention for supercapacitor (SC) applications remains a significant challenge. Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) honeycomb-like porous ternary Ni-Co-Mn metal oxide composite electrode material was successfully grown on a carbon cloth (CC) substrate, serving as a promising multifunctional candidate for high-performance supercapacitors. In this design, NiCo and NiMn precursors were first fabricated on the surface of carbon cloth via a facile two-step hydrothermal deposition route, followed by in situ high-temperature annealing to yield a high-performance electrode material. Multiple characterization techniques indicate that the electrode material exhibits a 3D porous structure comprising NiCo 2 O 4 , Ni 6 MnO 8 , NiMnO 3 , and CoMnO 4 , collectively denoted as NC@NM-O. Leveraging the synergistic effects of multiple components and unique structural features, the NC@NM-O electrode delivers an ultra-high specific capacitance of 2517.54 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 and maintains 90.02% capacitance retention at a high discharge rate of 10 A g −1 after 30,000 cycles. An asymmetric all-solid-state supercapacitor, assembled with an activated carbon (AC) negative electrode (NC@NM-O//AC), achieves an energy density of 68.99 Wh kg −1 and a power density of 827.99 W kg −1 at a working voltage of 1.8 V. After 20,000 cycles, the device maintains an impressive capacitance retention rate of 98.33%. Overall, this work demonstrates that rationally designed, multi-component transition metal oxides can serve as advanced battery-type electrode materials for energy storage devices and provides a promising strategy for the development of next-generation high-performance supercapacitors. Download: Download high-res image (152KB) Download: Download full-size image
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npj Flexible Electronics
·
2026
·
IF 15.4
Cai Yanzhi,Ding Hui,Cheng Laifei,Yin Hongfeng,Chen Dengpeng,Bai Mingshu,Chen Xiaohang,Qian Xinyu,Jiang Yunge,Wei Fanfan
This study addresses key challenges of long-term stability, wide range, and high sensitivity in piezoresistive strain sensors by developing a multilayer composite. A parallel circuit is constructed using carbon nanotube@silver nanoparticles-MXene (CNT@AgNPs-MXene) and expanded graphite (EG) double sensing layers, exploiting EG’s interlayer sliding and recovery capability derived from its wide layer spacing, and is integrated with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) support layer. This design provides complementary current pathways, where a redundant path is offered by the other layer when one layer breaks. The resulting CNT@AgNPs-MXene/EG/TPU trilayer (double sensing layers with a TPU support) achieves stable operation over 150,000 cycles, a working range of 630% (709% mechanically), and a maximum GF of 4091.74. In comparison, the EG/TPU bilayer (single EG layer with a TPU support) is also stable for 150,000 cycles and exhibits a higher maximum GF (16083.30) but a narrower working range (245%). Consequently, each sensor holds a distinct performance edge. The bilayer excels at detecting ultra-fine motions, while the trilayer is advantageous for large-strain scenarios. Both sensors reliably monitor diverse human motions and maintain long-term stability in harsh environments (fresh water, sweat, alkaline/acidic conditions). This work provides a new strategy for high-performance, durable sensors for harsh environments.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2026
·
IF 4.8
Lewen Zhang,Zhibin Xu,Hanyang Wang,Hongzheng Chang,Guosheng Zhang,Zimu Li
To meet the demand for high-sensitivity ammonia (NH 3 ) detection at room temperature, this study develops an ultra-sensitive gas sensor by integrating the exceptional sensing properties of 2D MXene with the evanescent field advantages of optical microfibers. A carboxylated MXene-functionalized microfiber sensor was designed and fabricated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that carboxylation significantly enhances the adsorption energy between the MXene surface and NH 3 molecules compared to pristine MXene, theoretically validating its superior sensitivity. Experimentally, a uniform and robust carboxylated MXene thin film was coated onto the microfiber, demonstrating excellent mechanical stability for practical sensing. Gas sensing tests show a strong linear response within the 10–250 ppm range. Notably, the sensitivity is an order of magnitude higher than previously reported microfiber sensors, with a practical detection limit of 10 ppm and a theoretical limit as low as 6.90 ppm. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits excellent long-term stability over a 10-day measurement and gas selectivity. This research provides a new strategy for developing high-performance room-temperature gas sensors with significant potential for environmental atmospheric monitoring.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 33
·期 8
·333
·
IF 3.5
Zhang Xinxing,Ma Luxiang
A novel Schiff Base as a flame-retardant monomer (FSB, 5-((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) benzylidene) amino) isophthalic acid) with -CF 3 was designed and used to synthesize FSB n PETs (PET copolyester) by copolymerization, which shows good flame retardancy and anti-dripping. The introduction of the –CF₃ group increases the cyclization temperature of the FSB Schiff base unit by suppressing the cyclization reaction through its strong electron-withdrawing effect, which is 350–398 °C, higher than 250–348 °C from the PET copolyesters modified by Schiff Base without -CF 3 , indicating that FSB n PETs exhibits a broadened processing temperature window. And FSB also increased the glass transition temperature (Tg), reduced the melting temperature (Tm) and the crystallizability of FSB n PETs. FSB n PETs possessed good flame retardancy and anti-dripping properties, FSB 10 PET (7.4 mol% of FSB) owned V-0 level of UL-94 and 31% value of LOI without dripping phenomenon. The bond of -C-F had not broken into the air phase to make an obvious influence on the flame retardancy property of FSB n PETs, whose flame retardancy mechanism is still type of the condense flame retardancy. Additionally, in the new preparation process for FSB n PETs, the dicarboxylic acid structure of FSB could speed up the condensation polymerization between the BHET precursors, which could save 50% of the preparation time, showing an exciting economic advantage. The -CF₃ modified Schiff base (FSB) is an effective modifier for PET copolyesters, offering improved processing performance and good flame-retardant properties.
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Developments in the Built Environment
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Yue Zhao,Di Zhu,Qiao Wang,Xiaomao Wang,Wei Zhou,Xiang Ji,Xiaolin Chang
Shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCMs) are promising for thermally functional mortars, but slight leakage during mixing and phase transition can degrade the particle–matrix interface and reduce durability. This study developed a surfactant-free interfacial self-assembly route to build a hydrophobic silica shell on diatomite/ n -hexadecane SSPCM particles. The shell increased the particle contact angle from 112.1° to 140.2° and reduced leakage to 0.12% after 4 h at 60 °C. At equal PCM dosage, the shell-modified mortar showed lower water absorption and chloride diffusion and higher compressive strength than mortar with unmodified SSPCM. After 500 thermal cycles between 0 and 40 °C, the shell-modified mortar retained a melting enthalpy of 8.85 J/g with only 1.8% latent-heat loss. Microscopy and nanoindentation indicated a denser interfacial region, showing that a simple mineral shell can improve thermal-storage mortar reliability for building applications.
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Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 1.7
Shanjun Xu,Bing Xia,Penghang Yan,Deqing Kong,Dong Li
Metal corrosion causes significant economic losses and safety hazards, underscoring the urgent need for effective, environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors. In this study, an organic–inorganic composite inhibitor, chitosan–glucose–BN (CS–GL–BN) was developed to protect Q235 mild steel in a 3.5-wt% NaCl solution. The inhibitor was synthesized by first reacting chitosan (CS) with glucose (GL) via a Schiff base reaction between the amino group of CS and the aldehyde group of GL, followed by the incorporation of hydroxylated boron nitride (OH-BN). Electrochemical measurements demonstrated an inhibition efficiency of 89.8% at 200 ppm after 72 h immersion, which was markedly higher than those of pure CS (64.3%) and the CS–GL intermediate (75.8%). The water contact angle on the steel substrate increased to 91.1°, indicating enhanced hydrophobicity, while the surface roughness was reduced to 0.694 μm (compared with 5.318 μm for bare steel). These combined surface modifications effectively hindered the penetration of corrosive agents. Molecular modeling studies further revealed that the N/O heteroatoms contributed to strong adsorption, thereby significantly blocking the access of corrosive species. This work presents a synergistic strategy in which CS is functionalized with a long-chain molecule (GL) and integrated with BN to form a hybrid corrosion inhibitor that exhibits high efficiency and improved sustainability.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Weixiong Zhang,Hao Zhang,Baiyi Chen,Yunhao Xia,Baoxin Wang,Jianhua Wu
Increasing TA2 roughness induces a non-monotonic trend in barnacle settlement • Moderate roughness promotes exploration and protein deposition to enhance settlement • Excessive roughness triggers rapid settlement but limits pheromone dispersal • Surface roughness regulates cyprid settlement even in the presence of biofilm . The widespread use of titanium in marine structures is hindered by its susceptibility to biofouling. As a promising antifouling approach, the rational design of direct surface modification relies on a fundamental understanding of how surface properties regulate the settlement of fouling organisms. Herein, this study investigated the effect of TA2 titanium surface roughness on the settlement process of barnacle cyprids. Increased roughness enhanced the temporary attachment of cyprids through sacrificial bonds and mechanical interlocking of deposited footprint proteins. A moderate roughness increase facilitated more surface exploration and footprint protein deposition, thus likely enhanced the distribution of settlement-inducing protein complex (SIPC, a key settlement pheromone), thereby increasing the final settlement ratio. In contrast, excessive roughness enabled cyprids to locate favorable settlement sites with minimal surface exploration, leading to localized surface inspection, increased footprint protein area, and reduced coverage, which may lead to a concentration-dependent avoidance response and reduced cyprid-protein contact probability, resulting in a plateau in the settlement ratio. Field experiments further confirmed that direct cyprid-substrate contact is a prerequisite for firm settlement even in the presence of biofilm, consistent with the mechanistic insights obtained from laboratory assays. These findings elucidate roughness-dependent exploration strategies of barnacle cyprids and provide a theoretical basis for designing antifouling TA2 for marine applications.
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