JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Aniu Qian,Runze Zhao,Anning Song,Hu Shi
Faradaic capacitive deionization (CDI), which exploits pseudo-capacitive electrodes, is an appealing water-purification candidate from low-salinity desalinated water due to its fast Faradaic electro-sorption and ion intercalations. However, current Faradaic CDI faces the challenge in low salt adsorption capacity and poor selective sodium-ion (Na + ) applicability. Herein, amorphous ferric phosphate (FePO 4 )-anchored on three-dimensional macro-porous Ti 3 C 2 T x network (3D FePO 4 @Ti 3 C 2 T x ) electrode is proposed without scarifying Ti 3 C 2 T x electronic conductivity, wherein sodium-ion captured FePO 4 provided abundant Na + adsorption site for enhancing desalination capacity and Na + selectivity. Simultaneously, highly-interconnected channels accelerated electron/ion transport to enable effective Na + intercalation in electro-sorption. Accordingly, the assembled FePO 4 @Ti 3 C 2 T x //activated carbon (AC) asymmetric CDI device delivered a typical Na + -intercalated behavior with high desalination capacity of 65 mg g −1 , in which electric current generation could power a blue light-emitting diode (LED) screen. Importantly, the asymmetric CDI device enabled an evident Na + selectivity over the Al 3+ with high separator factor up to 6.3 in binary mixture feed of Na + and Al 3+ . This study offers a new idea to achieve high desalination performance and sodium-ion selectivity via 3D framework supported ions-capture structure in seawater desalination.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Jin Duan,Zhe Liu,Xiuchen Wang
Developing flexible materials with combined electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and microwave absorption capabilities holds significant application potential. Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene has emerged as a flexible EMI shielding material due to its thinness, adhesion, flexibility, and dual shielding and absorption properties. High conductivity-induced reflection and layered self-stacking challenges hinder Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene performance enhancement, posing challenges demanding solutions. This study first uses simulations to analyze how functional group modifications and interlayer spacing affect Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's electromagnetic properties. Hydroxyl groups are proposed as key regulators of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's properties. Subsequently, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes were treated with a low-concentration NaOH gradient to modulate hydroxyl groups. Ultrasonic-microwave extraction resolved delamination, enabling ultra-thin film preparation. The treatment caused hydroxyl groups to initially increase and then decrease, with interlayer spacing first contracting and then expanding, achieving synchronous modulation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's surface functional groups and interlayer spacing. The EMI shielding and microwave absorption of ultrathin films were analyzed, with shielding efficiency correlating positively with hydroxyl group concentration. Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene treated with 0.2 mol/L NaOH exhibited maximum hydroxyl concentration, achieving 48.965 dB shielding at 0.016 mm thickness (SE/t = 3060.320 dB/mm), demonstrating hydroxyl groups' role in improving shielding performance. Wave absorption increased with higher NaOH concentrations, correlating with surface hydroxyl groups. The 0.3 mol/L NaOH-treated MXene showed a 12.883 dB absorption increase versus untreated samples. Additionally, the green shielding index (g s ) of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene films increased by 32.9 % with higher NaOH concentration. Results demonstrate that surface hydroxyl modification and layer spacing adjustment significantly enhance the EMI shielding and wave absorption of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene. Meanwhile, the prepared thin, flexible products have potential applications in aerospace, defense, and flexible electronics.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Wenling Wu,Yang Cheng,Xuan Zhang,Xiangfei Wang,Jianhua Tian,Xiaoyan Wang,Jiang Guo,Jianfeng Zhu,Hongjie Luo
To address the pressing need for durable anti-corrosion protection of bronze relics, a novel synergistic multi-component hybrid coating was fabricated by integrating fluorinated Ti 3 C 2 T x (F-Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanosheets and polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles into a Paraloid B72 matrix via a simple and scalable self-assembly strategy. The F-Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets acts as two-dimensional layered filler, forming tortuous barrier that impedes the ingress of corrosive species. PPy nanoparticles contribute to anodic passivation by promoting localized formation of metal oxide layers. Meanwhile, the B72 matrix acts as a durable support framework, improving the mechanical strength and adhesion of the coating. Together, these components form a synergistic tri-phase network that combines passive shielding, active protection, and environmental durability. The resulting F-Ti 3 C 2 T x /PPy/B72 coating exhibited a high static water contact angle (152.6°), which conferred outstanding self-cleaning capability. After 21 days of UV aging and temperature-humidity cycling, the coating retained hydrophobicity and surface integrity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the impedance modulus at 0.01 Hz increased by nearly three orders of magnitude compared to bare bronze, while the corrosion current density decreased significantly, confirming enhanced long-term corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the coating preserved the aesthetic integrity of bronze artifacts (ΔE<3), satisfying critical conservation standards. This integrated strategy offers a novel and effective approach for designing protective coatings for cultural heritage preservation and broader outdoor metal protection applications, especially under harsh environmental stressors.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Lin Chen,Xi Chen,Fei Wang,Yu Tong,Kewei Zhang,Zhengbo Han,Mingzhe Zhang
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are regarded as potential candidate materials with great application prospects in the field of gas sensing. In this study, MOF derivatives were anchored onto MXene sheets through self-assembly technology to prepare a heterojunction material ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene with high specific surface area, achieving ultrafast dual gas sensing behavior for H 2 /NO 2 . At a low temperature of 80°C, the ZnO/ Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene heterojunction sensor exhibited an ultrafast response (23.17%) to 500 ppb H 2 within 3.2 s. After a moderate temperature increase to 180°C, it also demonstrated significant sensing performance (46.3%) to 500 ppb NO 2 within 4 s. The electronic interaction mechanism of ZnO/ Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene heterostructures in H 2 and NO 2 detection was revealed through density functional theory calculations and in-situ Raman spectroscopy, clarifying the influence of interfacial charge transfer on sensing performance. Heterogeneous structures achieve the regulation of gas adsorption-induced electron rearrangement and carrier modulation by constructing interface charge-regulating channels, significantly enhancing the response rate, selectivity and reversibility in the detection of H 2 and NO 2 , thereby enabling highly sensitive and trace detection of the two gases.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
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IF 13.2
Guoqiang Zhou,Chaozheng Liu,Weimin Chen,Daotong Zhang,Hang Xiao,Tongtong Ma,Meichun Li,Changtong Mei
The rapid proliferation of portable smart electronics has significantly expanded the demand for flexible energy storage devices. Flexible supercapacitor (FSC), characterized by long lifetime, high power density, and portability, is an ideal power source for smart electronics. However, key challenges remain in developing robust, sustainable, and cost-effective electrode substrates and achieving rapid fabrication of FSCs with tailored electrode patterns. Herein, a mechanically strong wood-derived film is applied as the flexible substrate for stamping of Ti 3 C 2 T x inks to readily construct a high-performance in-plane FSC. The wood-derived film with a dense layered structure, high crystallinity, and fiber-oriented characteristics is prepared from natural vertical-section wood via cell wall softening engineering in combination with densification treatment, which exhibits excellent mechanical performance, flexibility, and foldability. By direct stamping Ti 3 C 2 T x inks on wood-derived film surface followed by drying, a flexible interdigitated electrode with stable electrical conductivity is achieved, enabling the rapid manufacturing of in-plane FSC. The developed FSC delivers favorable areal capacitance of 57.8 mF·cm −2 at 0.2 mA·cm −2 , and high energy density of 2.89 μWh·cm −2 at 60 μW·cm −2 . Furthermore, the FSC maintains stable capacitive behavior in the flexural state or after cyclic bending. Collectively, the integration of wood-derived film with Ti 3 C 2 T x inks for producing FSC via a stamping approach offers a sustainable strategy for the rapid manufacture of portable energy storage devices.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Wang Guo,Zhiqiang Ma,Zhou Chen,Haojun Hua,Dong Wang,Mohamed Elhousseini Hilal,Yatian Fu,Pengyi Lu,Jian Lu,Yuanting Zhang,Derek Ho,Bee Luan Khoo
Increasing demand for flexible sensors in healthcare has spurred the development of nanomaterial-polymer composite sensors. However, existing pressure sensors suffer from low sensitivity due to poor interactions between the functional filler and the polymer matrix. For example, the direct chemical bonding of nanomaterials to the surface of chemically inert polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is not easily achieved. Herein, we demonstrate that MXene can significantly promote the sensitivity of a thin and soft piezoresistive sensor based on a surface functionalized PDMS (FPDMS) sponge. Using plasma treatment, we constructed a MXene-FPDMS (MFP) sponge with high mechanical strength via the interlayer hydrogen bonding effect. The formed MFP sponge structure (∼450 μm in thickness) endows the pressure sensor with a high sensitivity of 14.2 kPa −1 and a low modulus of 9.7 kPa, critical for detecting ultra-low pressures. When operated with deep learning algorithms, the MFP sponge sensor successfully classifies the pronunciation of 26 letters and various polite expressions with an average accuracy of 94 ± 0.6 %. We envision that this work paves the way for the development of intelligent wearable platforms.
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RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 39
·32041-32055
·
IF 4.6
Md. Abdul Khaleque,Moumita Rahman Sazza,Selina Akter,Md. Romzan Ali,Syed Imdadul Hossain,Rahman Saidur,Mohamed Aly Saad Aly,Md. Zaved H. Khan
Bacterial detection is crucial for accurate clinical diagnostics and effective environmental monitoring. Particularly, Klebsiella pneumoniae, a pathogenic bacterium, can cause a wide range of infections, including meningitis, bloodstream infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and wound or surgical site infections. Herein, a polypyrrole (PPy) functionalized Ti3C2Tx–tin dioxide nanoparticle (SnO2 NPs) nanocomposite-based hybrid capacitive electrode for the electrochemical detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 is developed. The PPy layer was coated onto the Ti3C2Tx–SnO2 NPs via drop-casting, followed by immobilization of bacteriophages through a potentiostatic, charge-directed chronoamperometric approach. The resulting Ti3C2Tx–SnO2 NPs/PPy/phage biosensor exhibited a wide dynamic detection range of 10 to 106 CFU mL−1, with excellent linearity confirmed by differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The nanocomposite was characterized by using a suite of techniques including FTIR, XRD, elemental mapping, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge–discharge to understand its composition, structure, and electrochemical properties. The developed Ti3C2Tx–SnO2 NPs/PPy hybrid electrode demonstrated typical supercapacitor behavior with a specific capacitance of 806.67 F g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 of current density, and exhibited exceptional cycling stability, storing 98.3% of its capacitance after 104 consecutive cycles. The selectivity of the modified electrode to detect K. pneumoniae while minimizing interference from various bacterial cells was assessed, exhibiting remarkable resilience, and remaining unaffected. Additionally, after eleven successive weeks of storage, the proposed sensor showed no discernible reduction current (∼98.1%), demonstrating an excellent stability. Despite the presence of background bacterial interference in the environmental sample, K. pneumoniae detection remained highly reliable and consistent with recovery efficiency ranging from 99.75 to 99.90%.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Siyuan Diao,Lili Meng,Christian Mark Pelicano,Jiajia Huang,Zhihong Tian,Feili Lai,Tianxi Liu,Shaokui Cao
Photothermal responsive hydrogels are widely used in bionic soft actuators due to their remote-controlled capabilities and flexibility. However, their weak mechanical properties and limited responsiveness hinder their potential applications. To overcome this, we developed an innovative laponite/MXene/PNIPAm (LxMyPN) nanocomposite hydrogel that is mechanically robust and exhibits excellent photothermally responsive properties based on abundant hydrogen bonds. Notably, laponite clay is used as a co-cross-linking agent to improve the mechanical properties of LxMyPN hydrogel, while MXene nanosheets are added to promote the photothermal responsiveness. The resulting L3M0.4PN nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits enhanced mechanical properties, with a compressive strength of 0.201 MPa, a tensile strength of 90 kPa, and a fracture toughness of 27.25 kJ m–2. In addition, the L3M0.4PN hydrogel displays a deswelling ratio of 73.6% within 60 s and experiences an excellent volume shrinkage of 82.4% under light irradiation. Furthermore, hydrogel actuators with fast response behaviors are constructed and employed as grippers capable of grasping and releasing target objects. Overall, this high-strength and fast-responsive hydrogel actuator is beneficial to paving the way for remote controlled soft robots.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Mengyao Han,Cuiling Wu,Jingyu Song,Lushun Yang,Ting Zhang,Yajie Chou,Xueyan Du
With the proliferation of electronic devices and wireless technologies, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) has become a critical global concern. Correspondingly, the development of efficient EMI shielding materials with strong electromagnetic wave absorption and reflection is imperative. This study presents the fabrication of sandwich-structured composite films (SCFs) utilizing regenerated cellulose (RC) as the matrix, incorporating Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs) as functional fillers. The SCFs (MXene/RC-Fe 3 O 4 /RC-MXene/RC) were fabricated using an immersion phase conversion method followed by mechanical pressing techniques. The resulting SCFs exhibit a conductivity of 23.8 S/m and a maximum EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 32.52 dB. This performance is attributed to the innovative sandwich architecture, which employs a “reflection-absorption-reflection” mechanism to attenuate electromagnetic waves. In addition, MXene is effectively dispersed in the cellulose matrix, enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite films. Notably, increasing the MXene content from 10 wt% to 40 wt% resulted in a tensile strength increase from 9.42 MPa to 17.10 MPa. This research elucidates a robust and scalable approach for the development of advanced electromagnetic shielding materials.
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Nano Research
·
2024
·
IF 9.5
Zeng Shaofeng,Ye Yuanji,Zhou Peidi,Yi Shimin,Guo Qiaohang,Chen Huamin,Shen Guozhen,Weng Mingcen
Smart actuators have a wide range of applications in bionics and energy conversion. The ability to reconfigure shape is essential for soft actuators to achieve various shapes and deformations, which is a crucial feature for next-generation actuators. Nonetheless, it is still an enormous challenge to establish a straightforward approach to creating programmable and reconfigurable actuators. MXene-cellulose nanofiber composite film (MCCF) with a brick-and-mortar hierarchical structure was produced through a vacuum filtration process. MCCF demonstrates impressive mechanical properties such as a tensile stress of 68 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 4.65 GPa. Besides, the MCCF highlights its potential for water-assisted shaping/welding due to the abundance of hydrogen bonds between MXene and cellulose nanofibers. MCCF also showcases capabilities as a humidity-driven actuator with a rapid response rate of 550°·s −1 . Using the methods of water-assisted shaping/welding, several bionic actuators (such as flower, butterfly, and muscle) based on MCCF were designed, highlighting their versatility in applications of smart actuators. The research showcases the impressive capabilities of MXene-based actuators and offers beneficial insights for the advancement of future intelligent materials.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Disong Wang,Xiaohui Guan,Liu Yang,Baoyang Tian,Jiqing Zhang,Ruotong Li,Tao Zou,Penggang Yin,Guangsheng Wang
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are regarded as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors. Nevertheless, their large-scale application is impeded by several drawbacks, such as low electronic conductivity, limited electroactive sites, and poor cycling stability. Two-dimensional titanium-based carbide (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) loading NiCoCu-based layered double hydroxide heterostructures (Ti 3 C 2 T x @NiCoCu-LDH), which feature a layered and cross-linked network, were prepared to improve the electrochemical performance of NiCoCu-LDH. The layered network structure of Ti 3 C 2 T x @NiCoCu-LDH enhances active site exposure and accommodates volume changes during cycling. Both the specific capacitance and structural stability of the electrode are improved. Additionally, Ti 3 C 2 T x boosts the electronic conductivity of LDHs and accelerates the kinetics of electrochemical reactions. Ti 3 C 2 T x @NiCoCu-LDH exhibits a high specific capacity of 1891.4 F·g −1 (262.2 mAh·g −1 ) at 1 A·g −1 and exceptional cycling stability. When assembled into Ti 3 C 2 T x @NiCoCu-LDH//activated carbon (AC) hybrid supercapacitor, it demonstrates a high energy density of 35.5 Wh·kg −1 at 826.8 W·kg −1 . In addition, the supercapacitor maintains 81.6 % of initial capacitance after 20,000 cycles. This work has proposed a promissing MXene-based composite cathode for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Yanqiao Ding,Yinpei Luo,Chun Huang,Shifu Gu,Bingsheng Du,Yingchun Dong,Yijie Shi,Hangyu Liu,Mati Horprathum,Wei Hu,Yong He
Achieving highly sensitive detection of ppb-level NO2 at room temperature remains a significant challenge for metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) due to their low chemical activity. Herein, a synergistic sensitization strategy is proposed, combining highly conductive MXene with high specific surface area mixed MOS. In this work, NiO–SnO2 is synthesized by thermal annealing using Ni–Sn–BTC (BTC: benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic) as a template. The mesoporous structure and high conductivity of NiO–SnO2/Ti3C2Tx provide a variety of channels for gas diffusion and carrier transfer. Gas sensor tests reveal that the fabricated NiO–SnO2/Ti3C2Tx sensor exhibits a 4.33-fold improvement in response (Rg/Ra = 70.86 to 200 ppb) to 200 ppb of NO2 at room temperature (RT, 25 °C) compared to NiO–SnO2. In addition, the sensor also maintains a low detection limit (50 ppb), superior selectivity (response ratio >30), good repeatability (RSD: 2.3%), and long-term stability at RT and 60% RH (RH: relative humidity). The outstanding sensing properties are mainly attributed to the functionalized surfaces and multiple-type heterojunctions formed by NiO, SnO2, and Ti3C2Tx phases, which significantly improve gas adsorption and electrical transduction function of the sensor.
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