查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Involvement of FGF-2 modulation in the antidepressant-like effects of liquiritin in mice

Min Chen,Qiu-Ping Zhang,Ji-Xiao Zhu,Jie Cheng,Qing Liu,Guang-Hui Xu,Cheng-Fu Li,Li-Tao Yi

It has been reported that liquiritin produced an antidepressant-like effect in rodents. However, little information is known regarding its antidepressant activity with the regulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), a protein maintaining development and maturation of the nervous central system . Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying FGF-2 modulation involved in the antidepressant-like effects of liquiritin. In the present study, mice were orally administrated with liquiritin for 7 days prior to LPS injection. The depressive-like behaviors , levels of FGF-2, number of Iba1 positive cells, expression of proinflammatory cytokines and density of dendritic spines were evaluated. The results showed that liquiritin significantly ameliorated the depressive-like behaviors in mice response to LPS injection. Liquiritin reversed the reduction of FGF-2 levels in the hippocampus of LPS induced mice. In addition, the microglial activation caused by LPS was attenuated by liquiritin, in accordance with downregulation in mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, liquiritin also increased the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampus, which was suppressed by LPS. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that liquiritin exerted the antidepressant-like effects in LPS-induced depression through FGF-2 enhancement by inhibiting neuroinflammation and maintaining synaptogenesis .

Lipid-based nanosystem of edaravone: development, optimization, characterization and in vitro/in vivo evaluation

Ankit Parikh,Krishna Kathawala,Chun Chuan Tan,Sanjay Garg,Xin-Fu Zhou

Aristolochic acid IVa forms DNA adducts in vitro but is non-genotoxic in vivo

Wan Jingjing,Chen Ruixue,Yang Zhou,Xi Jing,Cao Yiyi,Chen Yu,Zhang Xinyu,Luan Yang

Aristolochic acids (AAs) are a family of natural compounds with AA I and AA II being known carcinogens, whose bioactivation causes DNA adducts formation. However, other congeners have rarely been investigated. This study aimed to investigate genotoxicity of AA IVa, which differs from AA I by a hydroxyl group, abundant in Aristolochiaceae plants. AA IVa reacted with 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA) and 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to form three dA and five dG adducts as identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry, among which two dA and three dG adducts were detected in reactions of AA IVa with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA). However, no DNA adducts were detected in the kidney, liver, and forestomach of orally dosed mice at 40 mg/kg/day for 2 days, and bone marrow micronucleus assay also yielded negative results. Pharmacokinetic analyses of metabolites in plasma indicated that AA IVa was mainly O -demethylated to produce a metabolite with two hydroxyl groups, probably facilitating its excretion. Meanwhile, no reduced metabolites were detected. The competitive reaction of AA I and AA IVa with CT DNA, with adducts levels varying with pH of reaction revealed that AA IVa was significantly less reactive than AA I, probably by hydroxyl deprotonation of AA IVa, which was explained by theoretical calculations for reaction barriers, energy levels of the molecular orbits, and charges at the reaction sites. In brief, although it could form DNA adducts in vitro, AA IVa was non-genotoxic in vivo, which was attributed to its low reactivity and biotransformation into an easily excreted metabolite rather than bioactivation.

Embedded in-situ nanodomains from chemical composition fluctuation in thermoelectric A2Cu3In3Te8 (A = Zn, Cd)

S. Pan,L. Liu,Z. Li,X. Yan,C. Wang,K. Guo,J. Yang,Y. Jiang,J. Luo,W. Zhang

Complex diamond-like chalcogenides , A 2 Cu 3 In 3 Te 8 (A = Zn, Cd, Mn, Mg), were discovered and demonstrated to be promising thermoelectric materials in our prior work. Here we disclose that in-situ nanodomains coherently embedded in the A 2 Cu 3 In 3 Te 8 (A = Zn, Cd) matrixes are generated by the chemical composition fluctuation. Cations enter into the interstitial lattice sites to form in-situ nanodomains, which slightly influence electron migration but effectively scatter phonons . The nanodomains can be successfully tailored by further composition fluctuation with the substitution of Cu + for A 2+ , resulting in significantly improved electrical transport properties and reduced lattice thermal conductivity . The peak zT values of ∼1.0 and 1.2 at 873 K are achieved for Zn 1.6 Cu 3.4 In 3 Te 8 and Cd 1.6 Cu 3.4 In 3 Te 8 , respectively, exceeding the hitherto reported zT values among quaternary diamond-like chalcogenides. Manipulating in-situ nanodomains in A 2 Cu 3 In 3 Te 8 by introducing chemical composition fluctuation renders a promise in enhancing thermoelectric efficiency by nanostructure engineering within the complex thermoelectric materials.

Mesoporous calcium silicate nanoparticles for superficial dental tissue reconstruction, in vitro and in vivo

Yixue Gao,Pin Huang,Ruiying Chen,Man Wang,Yining Wang,Yue Sa,Tao Jiang

The underlying dentin could be exposed to a humid atmosphere filled with bacteria if the covering enamel layer is broken because of external chemical and physical conditions. Accordingly, some diseases like bacterial invasion and dentin hypersensitivity often occur, which impact the daily life of patients. The study is aimed at evaluating the occluding effects of mesoporous calcium silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) on the dentinal tubules in vitro and in vivo, as well as the antibacterial property and drug delivery ability when loaded with chlorhexidine (CHX) in vitro. MCSNs were synthesized according to the standard protocol. After a series of complimentary evaluations in vitro and in vivo, it was found that MCSNs and CHX–MCSNs could continually form apatite-like enamel layers on the exposed dentinal tubules and significantly reduced dentin permeability both in vitro and in vivo. Besides, MCSN and CHX–MCSN possessed low cytotoxicity in vitro, and only mild pulp inflammation was observed in two MCSNs containing groups in vivo. In addition, MCSN loaded with CHX released CHX sustainably and revealed a significant antibacterial effect against E. faecalis in vitro. Therefore, the results suggest that MCSN could be used as a promising biomaterial to occlude the dentinal tubules and carry antibiotics for avoiding further pulp infection.

Role of schwertmannite or jarosite in photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole in ultraviolet/peroxydisulfate system

Su Yan,Lingling Zhan,Xiaoqing Meng,Dianzhan Wang,Xiaomeng Wang,Guanyu Zheng,Junhe Lu,Lixiang Zhou

Ultraviolet (UV)/peroxydisulfate (PDS) system has been employed for degrading organic pollutants in water, but the insufficient production of reactive species in the system limits the mineralization of organic pollutants. This study evaluated for the first time the effectiveness of integrating iron hydroxysulfates, including schwertmannite (Sch) and jarosite (Jar), with UV/PDS system for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation in water. The optimal conditions identified for 40 μM SMX degradation were PDS 2 mM, photocatalysts 1 g L -1 and pH 3 in both of Sch/UV/PDS and Jar/UV/PDS systems. A synergetic effect between UV/PDS and Sch/UV processes was found in Sch/UV/PDS system with synergistic factor of 1.15, which drastically enhanced the production of reactive species ( OH and SO 4 •- ) and consequently improved SMX degradation and TOC mineralization. Additionally, schwertmannite exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than jarosite in UV/PDS system for both SMX degradation and TOC mineralization. In Sch/UV/PDS system, ≡Fe(OH) 2+ on schwertmannite can be efficiently photolyzed to ≡Fe 2+ and OH under UV irradiation with O 2 – generation, in which the produced reactive species contributed to a relatively small fraction of SMX degradation. More importantly, the regeneration of ≡Fe 2+ accelerated PDS activation to SO 4 •- / OH, which was responsible for the degradation of most SMX. However, the photoreduction of ≡Fe 3+ to ≡Fe 2+ on jarosite by UV irradiation was insignificant, thus leading to the poor PDS activation to SO 4 •- / OH and a lower SMX degradation rate. The degradation pathways of SMX in Sch/UV/PDS system were further proposed based on the identified degradation intermediates of SMX. Besides, schwertmannite exhibited a good adaptability in wide pH (2–9) range, good stability, and recyclability for catalyzing SMX degradation in UV/PDS system. Therefore, integrating schwertmannite with UV/PDS system is an attractive method for efficiently removing organic pollutants in water.

Facile preparation of aluminum nanocomposites and the utilization in analyzing BPA in urine samples

Tan Siwei,Ruan Xiaoying,Shao Ji,Shan Xiaoyue,Ye Haipeng,Shi Yanpeng

Self-produced peanut shell AC (activated carbon) and Al(OH) 3 (aluminum hydroxide) were successfully synthesized by ultrasound with CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide), and both new nanocomposite AC@Al(OH) 3 @CTAB were evaluated as adsorbents for absorption of BPA (Bisphenol A) and utilized for the determination of BPA in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detector. Then the AC and AC@Al(OH) 3 @CTAB nanocomposites were examined by X-ray diffraction spectra, infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques and differential pulse voltammetry analysis. The extraction elements such as adsorption pH, time, dose, desorption solvent, elution method were also discussed. Under the optimized extraction condition, the recovery of BPA in urine sample can achieve to 99.5% when using AC@Al(OH) 3 @CTAB as the SPE (solid-phase extraction) absorbents. For the methodological analysis, the linearity was detected in the range of 0.2–50 ng mL −1 ( R 2 =0.999 3), and the limit of detection can be 0.05 ng mL −1 . Within-day and between-day relative standard deviations were less than 3.7 and 5.2%, respectively. The synthesized new nanocomposite (AC@Al(OH) 3 @CTAB) showed excellent absorptive capacity, and the proposed SPE-HPLC-FLD methodology was proved to be efficient, sensitive and operable when using AC@Al(OH) 3 @CTAB as absorbents for BPA detection in complicated biological samples.

Formulation of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions containing trans-resveratrol

Jun Wang,Aimin Shi,Dominic Agyei,Qiang Wang

Resveratrol is a high-value bioactive polyphenolic compound with vast applications in functional foods; as such, effective and scalable delivery strategies for this compound are worthy of study. In this research, W/O/W emulsions were successfully prepared using polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) as a lipophilic emulsifier and Tween 80 as a hydrophilic emulsifier with the goal of developing biocompatible carriers to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol. The effects of the type of emulsifier, the concentration of emulsifier, the ratio of the oil phase to the internal water phase, and homogeneous pressure on the physical properties of the W/O/W emulsions (such as microstructure, droplet size, distribution, zeta potential, viscosity and encapsulation efficiency) were investigated. The optimum processing conditions for preparing W/O/W emulsions are as follows: the ratio of the oil phase to the internal water phase is 80 : 20, the concentrations of lipophilic and hydrophilic emulsifiers are 10 wt% and 5 wt%, and the homogeneous pressures in the first and second steps are 30 MPa and 10 MPa. The optimal preparation process of the W/O/W emulsions was used to encapsulate resveratrol. The results showed that at up to 0.040 wt% in the internal water phase (ethanol), resveratrol could be successfully encapsulated in W/O/W emulsions with an encapsulation efficiency of 99.97 ± 0.001%. Moreover, resveratrol was successfully encapsulated in the internal water phase and oil phase together; thus, it was not necessary to increase the amount of carrier materials. This study provides a novel encapsulation formulation to increase the delivery efficacy of resveratrol.

Glycosyltransferases play a pivotal role in regulating biofilm formation and pathogenicity in Streptococcus suis

Haikun Wang,Qingying Fan,Baobao Liu,Yuxin Wang,Aiqing Jia,Li Yi,Yang Wang

In bacteria, the glycosyltransferases play important roles in bacterial fitness and virulence. A prior transposon screen implicated glycosyltransferase Gtf-2 in the regulation of S. suis biofilm formation, but the biological function of Gtf-2 and how biofilm is modulated by Gtf-2 remains largely unclear. Here, we characterized the major components of S. suis biofilm matrix and further elucidated the its regulatory role in biofilm formation, which involved the regulation of S. suis extracellular matrix, c-di-AMP, cell surface properties, and bacterial energy metabolism. Additionally, we also revealed that Gtf-2 regulates the content and composition of capsular polysaccharide. Finally, the regulatory role of Gtf-2 in the virulence of S. suis was elucidated based on in vitro and in vivo infection models, and the loss of Gtf-2 function weakened the virulence of S. suis .

In situ continuous decoding of temperature-pH-strain variations in moss disease on sandstone

Yang Liu,Changyuan Xu,Yuqin Zhu,Jianxin He,Quanhua Xie,Yuanyuan He,Lei Wu,Dong Lai,Fei Fu,Qiongyao He,Bowen Jing,Guoqing Zhang,Nianbing Zhong

Moss-induced biocorrosion of stone heritage is a slow yet persistent deterioration process that alters the physicochemical conditions within porous stones, leading to structural damage and loss of cultural value. To conduct in-situ decoding of the pathogenic mechanism of mosses on sandstone, we developed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)–based multi-parameter sensing system. The sensing system integrates three types of FBGs—temperature-sensing (T-FBG), strain-sensing (S-FBG), and polyacrylic acid–polyvinyl alcohol (PAA-PVA) coated pH-sensing FBG (H-FBG). The sensitivities and resolutions of T-FBG, S-FBG and H-FBG are 9.69 pm/℃ (0.01 ℃), 1.23 pm/με (0.1 με) and 38.63 pm/pH (0.02 pH units), respectively. A decoupling model based on a 3 × 3 sensitivity matrix was established to eliminate cross-sensitivity effects. During 60 days of Funaria hygrometrica colonization, the system captured dynamic variations including a maximal pH decrease of 0.5, a temperature fluctuation of 3.2 ℃, and an internal microstrain increase of 11.3 με. Microscopic and porosity analyses further confirmed the dual biochemical–mechanical degradation caused by metabolite secretion and rhizoid penetration. This work provides quantitative insights into moss-induced biocorrosion mechanisms and indicates the feasibility of optical fiber sensing as an early-warning strategy for preventive conservation of stone relics.

Herbicidal safening activity of Loropetalum chinense extract in alleviating pretilachlor-induced phytotoxicity in rice

Hongjun Chen,Xing Tang,Long Xiao,Xiu Liu,Chenzhong Jin

In this study, the crude extract of natural Loropetalum chinense (LoE) was prepared using a simple ethanol leaching approach. Preliminary evaluations of the safening effect of LoE in both agar and soil media demonstrated its ability to protect rice seedlings from damage induced by the herbicide pretilachlor (Pre). Specifically, treatment with LoE at 50 mg/L resulted in a 40.35% increase in root length and a 25.11% increase in plant height. In contrast, treatment at 100 mg/L led to a 36.85% increase in fresh weight, demonstrating effectiveness comparable to that of the commercial safener fenclorim (Fen). Moreover, compared to rice seedlings treated with Pre alone, LoE significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and enhanced the activities of several important enzymes: glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The mechanism of action for LoE appears to involve enhancing GST activity to accelerate the metabolism of Pre and improving herbicide tolerance by activating antioxidant enzymes. Overall, LoE shows promise as a potential eco-friendly, plant-derived herbicide safener candidate for pretilachlor. For practical commercial application, further efforts should focus on (i) clarifying the phytochemical profile of LoE extracts, and (ii) conducting in-depth assessments of LoE’s mechanisms of action, including studies on degradation kinetics and metabolite formation.

In Planta Detection of Phosphate Uptake in Chrysanthemum Using a Miniaturized Electrochemical Microprobe Array

Zhe Yu,Rui Tang,Minyu Wu,Wenke Zou,Muxuan Chang,Hongqin Mao,Jinyuan Liang,Xiaohui Xu,Cheng Zhang,Fadi Chen

Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient governing key physiological traits in chrysanthemum. However, phosphate nutrition is typically evaluated based on fertilizer input rather than direct in planta uptake, limiting management accuracy. Here, we develop a miniaturized electrochemical microprobe array for direct in planta detection of phosphate in chrysanthemum stem sap. The array integrates a cobalt-based working electrode fabricated via an electroplating-then-etching technique and a titanium-based iridium dioxide reference electrode, all optimized for miniaturization and biocompatibility. The array demonstrated a wide linear detection range (10−5 to 10−1mol/L), good sensitivity (41 mV/dec), and strong anti-interference performance in the presence of coexisting ions. Biocompatibility tests confirmed minimal disruption to plant growth after short- and long-term probe implantation. In planta measurements revealed spatial variation in phosphate distribution along the stem and dynamic uptake responses following fertilizer application. These findings highlight the potential of this microprobe array for precise nutrient uptake analysis and sustainable phosphorus management in horticultural systems.