JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 107
·期 3
·548-559
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IF 2.5
Pan Zixin,Liang Xiaoping,Yan Su,Zeng Jing,Bai Jinshuo,Zhang Dequan,Yang Guixiang,Liu Zhifeng
Electrochromic glass, one of the green energy-saving building materials, get more and more attention. The advancement of efficient ion storage film become a hot topic of research. The porous V 2 O 5 ion-storage film was prepared by sol-gel method using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the pore-former. The peak current of porous V 2 O 5 films heated at 300 °C increased substantially due to the volatility temperature of PEG at 285 °C. The mutual effects of the PEG content, heat treatment temperature, and heat treatment time on the structure and electrochromic properties of porous V 2 O 5 film were investigated by the response surface method (RSM). The results show that the influence extent on ion storage is: heat treatment temperature > PEG content > heat treatment time. Under optimized process parameters of PEG content 6.2 g/100 mL sol, heat treatment time 4 h, heat treatment temperature 310 °C, the porous V 2 O 5 film exhibited excellent ion storage capacity (87.28 mC·cm −2 ). The electrochromic device (ECD) with optimized porous V 2 O 5 ion-storage film as the counter electrode of electrochromic WO 3 film has been successfully assembled, which shows fascinating performance with high optical contrast (87.8% at 550 nm) and fast response time (bleaching/coloring: 4.5/3.7 s). Graphical Abstract
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Fengyun Su,Mengzhen Tian,Hailong Cao,Zhishuai Wang,Qiang Zhao,Haiquan Xie,Yezhen Zhang,Xiaoli Jin,Xin Li,Zhengdao Li
Semiconductor-based photocatalytic water splitting enables the conversion of abundant solar energy to green and renewable hydrogen energy. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is synthesized using a straightforward method, demonstrating stable physicochemical properties and possessing an optimal bandgap, thus positioning it as a promising photocatalyst in the realm of environmental sustainability. Oxygen vacancies are extensively employed to modulate light absorption and surface properties of metal-oxide semiconductors. In this study, g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets were coupled with oxygen-deficient tungsten trioxide (WO 3-x ) to form heterojunction photocatalysts ( X -WOCN). Comprehensive material characterization results demonstrated that the constructed heterojunction extended the visible light absorption range, improved photogenerated electron-hole separation efficiency, and thus augmented photocatalytic activity . Notably, the optimum hydrogen evolution rate of 6 %-WOCN was enhanced by 5.4-fold compared to that of g-C 3 N 4 . Furthermore, we propose a Z-scheme heterojunction charge separation mechanism mediated by oxygen defects and support this mechanism through detection of surface-active substances •O 2 − and •OH. This study offers novel propositions into the function of oxygen defects in facilitating charge separation within Z-scheme heterojunction.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Dali Wu,Yile Shi,Xiang Liu,Chenggong Zhang,Min Hua,Xuhai Pan
In the study of WO 3 -based gasochromic materials, the color-change rate and contrast are key indicators for evaluating sensor performance, while long-term stability is equally critical, as it directly determines the service life and reliability of the material in practical applications. In this work, h-WO 3 /m-WO 3 gasochromic materials with a hexagonal–monoclinic mixed-phase structure were successfully synthesized by regulating the annealing temperature. Pd nanoparticles were introduced as essential catalysts to enable room-temperature hydrogen-induced coloration of WO 3 . The Pd–WO 3 –400 sample exhibits excellent response to 1 % hydrogen at room temperature, with a rapid response time of only 13 s and a maximum total color difference (ΔE) of 8.1. Moreover, after one year of cyclic testing, this sample shows the slowest performance degradation, demonstrating outstanding long-term stability. In the mixed-phase structure, the open ionic diffusion channels of the hexagonal phase synergize with the structural stability of the monoclinic phase, while phase interfaces further enhance electron and hydrogen-ion transport. These combined effects significantly improve the gasochromic response. This study provides a strategy for designing gasochromic materials that balance high sensitivity and long-term stability, supporting the practical application of visual hydrogen-leak detection.
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Materials Today Energy
·
2017
·
IF 0
Ge Ma,Zhen Chen,Zhihong Chen,Mingliang Jin,Qingguo Meng,Mingzhe Yuan,Xin Wang,Jun-Ming Liu,Guofu Zhou
In this work, we have prepared a series of efficient visible-light-driven WO 3 /Fe(III) nanofiber photocatalysts by electrospinning and impregnation method. The physical and optical properties of the prepared photocatalysts were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the nitrogen adsorption analysis. Under the irradiation of visible light , all the prepared WO 3 /Fe(III) nanofiber photocatalysts exhibit much higher activity for degrading methyl orange (MO) solution than the pristine WO 3 nanofibers, and reaches 94.6% under visible light irradiation for 3 h when the relative grafting amount of Fe(III) ions was 0.003 by mass percentage. Grafting of Fe(III) ions on the surface of WO 3 nanofiber could enhance its visible-light absorption and reduce the photo-generated electron-hole pairs recombination due to the interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) effect, and thus improve its photocatalytic activity , which were further verified by the ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), photoluminescence (PL) and the ns-level time-resolved fluorescence decay spectrum measurements.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Zhiling Huang,Xiaoge Peng,Di Liu,Yue Meng
This study focuses on the promising electrochromic material tungsten oxide. A WO 3 ·0.33H 2 O film with a controllable microstructure was successfully synthesized using a surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. Compared with the WO 3 -SDS films regulated by the ionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the pure-phase WO 3 ·0.33H 2 O films (Marked as WO 3 films), this study used non-ionic polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a structure-directing agent to successfully fabricate high-crystallinity WO 3 -PEG films with preferred (220) crystal plane orientation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that the film exhibits uniform particle morphology, with tightly packed particles forming interparticle channels, creating layered ion diffusion paths. Electrochemical tests showed that the WO 3 -PEG film exhibited excellent electrochromic performance: the Li + diffusion coefficient (5.094 × 10 −13 cm 2 /s) was significantly improved, 1.71 times higher than that of pure WO 3 (2.971 × 10 −13 cm 2 /s). The response time was fast ((t c /t b = 4.73 s/4.57 s), and the optical modulation amplitude was high (ΔT of 61.50% at 600 nm wavelength). By optimizing the synergistic effect of crystallinity and engineered ion channel structure, synchronous electron transfer and ion insertion are achieved, providing a new approach for the design of high-performance electrochromic materials.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Mengge Yan,Tingting Liu,Yushan Hu,Wenlong Bai,Mingfei Wei,Yuxuan Zhang,Xusheng He,Ru Li
This study successfully fabricated a WO 3 /ZnIn 2 S 4 (WO 3 /ZIS) composite photocatalyst via electrostatic self-assembly under acidic conditions (pH = 4.1). The effect of composite ratio on the material's structure and optoelectronic properties was systematically investigated using multiple characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Photocatalytic mechanism studies were conducted using fluvastatin as a model pharmaceutical pollutant. Results confirm the formation of a Z-scheme heterojunction in the WO 3 /ZIS composite. Increasing the proportion of ZnIn 2 S 4 during electrostatic self-assembly effectively enlarges the specific surface area, enhances visible-light absorption, and suppresses the recombination of photogenerated e − -h + pairs, thereby significantly improving photocatalytic performance. The WO 3 /ZIS-30 % composite material exhibited the most stable structure, the largest specific surface area, and the optimal light absorption capacity and charge carrier separation efficiency. Its degradation efficiency for fluvastatin reached 59.81 %, representing a 25.88 % improvement over WO 3 . Radical trapping experiments verify the simultaneous generation of ·OH and ·O 2 − radicals, and the concentrations of ·O 2 − and ·OH were 1.68 × 10 −5 mol/L and 1.61 × 10 −5 mol/Land their synergistic action considerably strengthens the oxidative power of the system. The Z-scheme heterojunction formed by electrostatic self-assembly facilitates spatial separation of photo generated charges and enables multi-radical oxidation, collectively boosting photocatalytic efficiency. This work provides a new strategy for designing highly efficient and stable photocatalysts suited for removing pharmaceutical contaminants from water.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Chi Zhang,Wei Xiong,Yi Li,Li Lin,Xinyi Zhou,Xinyan Xiong
Viruses transmitted by water have raised considerable concerns for public health. A novel memory photocatalyst of g-C 3 N 4 /WO 3 /biochar was successfully developed for effective inactivation of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) in water, in which WO 3 as an electron-storage reservoir and biochar as an electron shuttle is employed to synergistically improve photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 . The tertiary composite exhibited continuous photocatalytic performance for HAdVs inactivation without regrowth in water under light-dark cycles, i.e., ∼3.9-log inactivation under 6-h visible light irradiation and an additional ∼1.1-log inactivation under the following 6-h dark. The enhanced virucidal mechanism was attributed to the heterojunction formation and especially the electron-transfer pathway switching via biochar incorporation, contributing to electron transfer and storage in the light phase and then electron release in the dark phase, along with obviously increased generation of the virus-killing •OH radicals under light-dark cycles.
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PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 7.392
Cai Xu,Liyan Dai,Yingqi Chen,Shaoyong Zhang,Chaozheng He,Xiaozhong Wang
WO 3 -WS 2 supported on mesoporous N, S co-doped carbon were prepared via one-step molten-salt strategy, and an enhanced interfacial interaction between metal and carbon was formed, which boosted the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. Under green conditions (solvent: H 2 O, oxidant: H 2 O 2 , no base-additives), 96.2 % conversion and 97.0 % selectivity were achieved within 2 h. It was found that N, S co-doped carbon with abundant mesopores served as an excellent support, the pyrrolic and graphitic N species of carbon provided main anchoring sites for metal nanoparticles. Additionally, the N, S co-doped carbon support could effectively promote the distribution of metal species, and thereafter induced the formation of metal–carbon interfacial interaction. Such advantages resulted in the satisfactory reusability (negligible activity loss after six cycles) and remarkable catalytic activity. The scavenger tests and EPR results disclosed that ·OH was the main oxidative species for this reaction. DFT calculations revealed that co-doping of N, S into carbon promoted the adsorption of benzyl alcohol, and the enhanced metal–carbon interaction reduced migration energy barrier of ·OH on catalyst surface. In sum, this work provided some new insights into the interfacial interaction of mesoporous carbon supported metal catalyst for boosting the selective oxidation of alcohols.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.968
Longfei Zhao,Xin Chen,Yuan Zhang,Zhupeng Ye,Yanwei Zeng
In this paper, controllable nucleation and growth of CdS nanodots on the (020)-featured WO 3 ·H 2 O nanoplates has been successfully accomplished to prepare CdS-WO 3 ·H 2 O heterojunction with high-quality interfacial contact through a slow release of Cd 2+ and S 2- from the gradual self-loop hydrolysis of cadmium acetate and thioacetamide. The chemical and structural characteristics of as-prepared samples before and after heat treatment are detailedly investigated by TG-DSC, XRD, Raman, XPS, FESEM and HRTEM, as well as their light absorption performance from UV-Vis DRS. The maximum average hydrogen production rate for CdS-WO 3 ·H 2 O reaches 2.15 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 under 300 W Xe lamp irradiation (λ > 420 nm) using lactic acid as sacrificial reagent, which is 8.27 and 2.72 times as much as CdS and CdS-WO 3 , respectively. According to band alignment, CdS-WO 3 ·H 2 O exhibits greater energy difference of Fermi level than CdS-WO 3 , and augmented photocatalytic performance should arise from efficient Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism under stronger built-in electric field, in which the conduction band electrons of WO 3 ·H 2 O and valence band holes of CdS are expected to effectively recombine at their interfacial zones, while the conduction band electrons of CdS and valence band holes of WO 3 ·H 2 O contribute to the reduction of H + and oxidation of lactic acid.
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Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·2079
·
IF 5.719
Dong Li,Fachao Wu,Caiyun Gao,Hongfang Shen,Fei Han,Fenglan Han,Zhanlin Chen
In this work, a highly efficient wide-visible-light-driven photoanode, namely, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped tungsten trioxide (S-N-WO3), was synthesized using tungstic acid (H2WO4) as W source and ammonium sulfide ((NH4)2S), which functioned simultaneously as a sulfur source and as a nitrogen source for the co-doping of nitrogen and sulfur. The EDS and XPS results indicated that the controllable formation of either N-doped WO3(N-WO3) or S-N-WO3by changing the nW:n(NH4)2Sratio below or above 1:5. Both N and S contents increased when increasing the nW:n(NH4)2Sratio from 1:0 to 1:15 and thereafter decreased up to 1:25. The UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) of S-N-WO3exhibited a significant redshift of the absorption edge with new shoulders appearing at 470–650 nm, which became more intense as the nW:n(NH4)2Sratio increased from 1:5 and then decreased up to 1:25, with the maximum at 1:15. The values of nW:n(NH4)2Sratio dependence is consistent with the cases of the S and N contents. This suggests that S and N co-doped into the WO3lattice are responsible for the considerable redshift in the absorption edge, with a new shoulder appearing at 470–650 nm owing to the intrabandgap formation above the valence band (VB) edge and a dopant energy level below the conduction band (CB) of WO3. Therefore, benefiting from the S and N co-doping, the S-N-WO3photoanode generated a photoanodic current under visible light irradiation below 580 nm due to the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation, compared with pure WO3doing so below 470 nm.Keywords:N, S co-doped;water oxidation;tungsten trioxide;photoanode;photoelectrochemical;water splitting
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高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2022
·
IF 24.319
Zhen Chen,Shipeng Geng,Yawen Wang,Yi Wang,Shuqin Song
H 2 O 2 production by 2 electron water oxidation reaction (2e - WOR) is a promising approach, but still lacks mechanistic studies especially from a dynamic point of view. The interfacial water behavior on the solid/liquid interface is believed to play a crucial role in WOR activity. Here, F modification was used to accommodate the structure and dynamic process of interfacial water on WO 3 surface and boost the 2e- WOR activity. Electrochemical measurement, Raman spectra and computational techniques were used to investigate the mechanism. F modification was proved to guide the dipole moments of interfacial water molecules towards WO 3 surface, meaning more difficult to flip interfacial water molecules to perform the first step of WOR, in turn resulting in easy desorption of HO* and O-O*, thus benefiting for 2 e - WOR. This work paves a novel insight to understand mechanism of 2 e - WOR and rationally design the electrocatalysts for H 2 O 2 production from water.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 3.08
Hui Zhao,Jihai Duan,Pengxia Sun,Zisheng Zhang,Weiwen Wang
Black Ti 3+ self-doping TiO 2 nanotubes (BTNT) have attracted widespread attention due to their abilities to enhance visible light response and photo-generated electron-hole separation without introducing impurity particles. However, due to the poor stability of Ti 3+ , the doping of a large amount of Ti 3+ is a huge challenge. In this work, we have taken a different approach, and the black Ti 3+ self-doping TNT-Ag-WO 3 (BAW) photocatalyst was prepared. The BAW Z-scheme photocatalytic (PC) system was successfully constructed. Compared with TNT's PC system (degrade 40.56%), BAW Z-scheme PC system can degrade 97.67% with 20 mg/L MB wastewater after 120 min. By introducing a large number of Ti 3+ and O vacancies, the inherent active group is mainly converted from the holes and.OH on the WO 3 valence band and.O 2 − on the TiO 2 conduction band , which improved the stability of O vacancies.Before and after the reaction, the reduction of Ti 3+ in BTNT is about 30 times that of Ti 3+ in BAW. This work provides a reference and basis for constructing Z-scheme heterojunction on BTNT, and also provides new ideas for improving the stability of Ti 3+ and O vacancies in self-doped TiO 2 .
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