Small Methods
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2026
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IF 8.7
Tianchang He,Wenhua Zheng,Lina Zhu,Xiaoyan Fang,Chunjie Miao,Xinyang Shi,Lemei Zhao,Shuai Jiang
Coating nanoparticles with cell membranes has emerged as a powerful strategy for developing biomimetic nanocarriers that replicate essential cellular features such as immune evasion, prolonged circulation, and site-selective distribution. Despite substantial efforts to optimize ligand presentation on cell membranes, achieving efficient, uniform, and scalable membrane coating remains challenging. Moreover, precise quantification of coating degree, particularly at the single-particle level to reveal inter-particle heterogeneity, has been lacking. Here, we establish S ingle- P article A nalysis of CE ll M embr AN e ( SPACEMAN ), a quantitative platform that enables accurate evaluation of coating integrity and heterogeneity with single-nanoparticle resolution. Using SPACEMAN, we demonstrate that a nano-vesiculation strategy based on ultrasonication achieves a significantly higher overall coating rate (82.2% of particles) compared with extrusion (68.0%) and sonication (61.0%), and yields a greater proportion of particles with high surface coverage (50%–75% and 75%–100% of surface area). Nanoparticles coated via this method exhibited superior immune evasion and prolonged circulation in both in vitro and in vivo models. Indeed, SPACEMAN offers a generalizable single-particle analytical framework for quantitatively probing heterogeneity in physicochemical properties, drug loading, and surface modifications of nanoparticle formulations.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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2026
·
IF 4.6
Guo-Qin Zhang,Jiang-Long Chen,Yu-Ting Han,Zhi-Yuan Liu,Hong-Bin Luo,Xiao-Ming Ren
Light-responsive proton conductors represent an attractive research direction owing to their potential in intelligent devices and responsive sensing applications. Herein, we present a cooperative functionalization strategy to construct an MOF-based light-regulated proton-conducting material, MOF-808-AZOA-IL, by integrating azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (AZOA) and an ionic liquid (IL) into the MOF-808 framework. AZOA serves as a photoactive unit to endow light responsiveness, while the IL molecules form a continuous proton-conducting network, enhancing the concentration and mobility of protons. This synergy results in a proton-conduction on/off ratio up to ∼2000 of MOF-808-AZOA-IL, with excellent stability over repeated UV light on/off cycles. This work demonstrates that the incorporation of AZOA and IL synergistically enhances the light-regulated proton conduction of MOF-808, offering a reliable strategy for designing advanced stimuli-responsive proton-conductive systems.
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Science Advances
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·
IF 13.9
Na Li,Ping He,Zhihui Qin,Yichen Yan,Sidi Duan,Yunfeng Li,Xiaojiao Shi,Yuxuan Qiao,Junan Jiang,Tifeng Jiao,Ximin He
Ionogels, polymer networks infiltrated with ionic liquids (ILs), are promising for flexible electronics but face trade-offs among mechanical robustness, ultrathin form factors, and scalable fabrication. We present an IL-induced self-assembly strategy enabling the rapid formation of ultrathin polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ionogel films. Upon contact with ILs, PVA chains spontaneously organize into a robust, noncovalently cross-linked network, achieving ultrafast conversion (<5 s) of viscous precursors into films with tunable thickness (13 to 103 μm). The resulting ionogel films combine high tensile strength (9.69 MPa), toughness (35.93 MJ m −3 ), good ionic conductivity (0.2 S m −1 ), and excellent environmental stability. This approach allows in situ formation of conformal ionogel coatings on complex, nonplanar surfaces, yielding seamless skin-device interfaces that retain stable functionality under repetitive deformation. Ionogel-based bioelectrodes capture diverse electrophysiological signals with high fidelity while serving as stretchable substrates for printed circuits and electrode arrays. Compatibility with diverse ILs highlights the versatility of this rapid, scalable approach for fabricating ultrathin ionogels with broadly tunable properties.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 6.7
Chi Lei,Qixiu Weng,Ping Song,Yingchun Zhu,Liangzhi Li,Lingzhao Kong,Lishi Yan
β-Glucosidase (BGL) is limited by the catalytic efficiency and environmental tolerance in the biomass biorefinery process. In this study, maleimide and its derivatives were used to modify BGL. FT-IR, circular dichroism, ζ-potential, ultraviolet, and fluorescence were used to characterize the conformational alteration of the thiol-modified enzyme and induced the enhancement of rigidity and substrate affinity. Molecular docking revealed that the modified BGL, especially Moc-Mal-BGL, had lower binding energy (−6.8 kcal mol–1) and shorter average hydrogen bond length (2.018 Å) with the substrate. The activity of Moc-Mal-BGL increased by 110.6% compared with native BGL and realized a 2.6-fold increase in catalytic efficiency kcat/Km (13.92 s–1/mM). The corresponding cellobiose conversion rate increased by 19.0%. Thermal stability, storage stability, solvent (GVL and DMSO) tolerance, and glucose tolerance of Moc-Mal-BGL were significantly improved. This work provides a rapid strategy to improve the catalytic efficiency and environmental tolerance of BGL and investigates the mechanism in depth.
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REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 5.4
Peng Xiang,Dianpu Ma,Shuqun Zhang,Yiyuan He,You'’an Zhou,Aimin Xing,Wenhui Ma,Yunfei He,Shaoyun Shan
Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV) crosslinked with conventional silane agents often suffers from limited thermal stability and mechanical properties. To address this issue, a novel phosphazene–silane hybrid crosslinking agent (HC-PD-KH) was synthesized from a phosphazene derivative and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560) via epoxy ring-opening reaction. HC-PD-KH was used as a crosslinking agent to prepare RTV with hydroxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix in the presence of an organotin catalyst. Comprehensive characterization revealed remarkable performance improvements: TGA showed significantly enhanced thermal stability compared with KH-560 systems, the 10% weight loss temperature (T₁₀) rose from 385.7 °C to 444.5 °C, the char yield at 800 °C rose dramatically from 1.2% to 11.4%; DMA and tensile tests demonstrated higher damping properties, tensile strength and modulus: the tensile strength and elongation at break reached 1.26 MPa and 200%; water contact angle measurements indicated improved hydrophobicity, with the water contact angle increasing from 93.5° to 103.4°. These enhancements are attributed to the rigid backbone of phosphazene rings and phenyl groups, the contribution of polar N H moieties, and the uniform dispersion of HC-PD-KH within the silicone matrix. This study provides a promising strategy for the molecular design and crosslinking of high-performance RTV.
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Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
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2026
·
IF 6.9
Haoran Li,Yongsheng Ni,Yumeng Li,Baocai Xu
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising non-thermal antimicrobial technology. However, its practical application is constrained by the low-light utilization efficiency and poor adhesion of photosensitizers. To address these limitations, we developed a curcumin/octyl gallate/chitosan (COS) coating. COS was prepared via a two-stage self-assembly process by incorporating a curcumin/octyl gallate (CUR/OG) assembly into a chitosan (CS) matrix. The CUR/OG, characterized by a band gap of 2.3 eV, imparted visible-light activity to the COS. Furthermore, the COS exhibited good adhesion, storage stability, and photostability. Compared to pristine CS, the COS exhibited a 1.3-fold enhancement in adhesion strength. Upon visible-light irradiation, it achieved up to a 6.5-log CFU reduction in the population of four representative foodborne bacteria ( Pseudomonas fragi , Brochothrix thermosphacta , Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Staphylococcus aureus ). Biochemical analyses indicated that COS-mediated PDI was associated with the disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity, impairment of energy metabolism, and induction of oxidative stress. Under visible light, the COS extended the refrigerated shelf-life of prepared mutton to 1.5 times that of the untreated control. Moreover, the COS-mediated PDI maintained approximately 99.99% reduction in bacterial counts after three consecutive reuse cycles on food contact surfaces. This study provided an effective approach for enhancing the bactericidal activity and adhesion of photodynamic coatings, offering a promising solution for preservation of prepared mutton.
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ANALYST
·
2026
·
IF 3.6
Huiqi Zhu,Ying Chen,Weiqing Yang,Zunxiang Zeng,Yuling Hu,Ji Zhang
The inherently weak Raman signals from molecules with small scattering cross-sections pose a significant challenge for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a technique that is further limited by its reliance on costly precious metal substrates and exogenous labeling strategies. To address these limitations, this study constructs a Ti3C2–CoFe2O4 heterostructure by anchoring oxidase (OXD)-like CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on two-dimensional (2D) conductive Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets. The resulting interface forms a Mott–Schottky junction, which facilitates rapid charge transfer and synergistically enhances both catalytic and SERS performance. Structurally, the 2D Ti3C2 framework provides abundant anchoring sites for the uniform dispersion of CoFe2O4 NPs. This effectively prevents particle aggregation and maximizes the exposure of catalytic active sites, thereby enhancing both stability and catalytic activity. Additionally, the Ti3C2–CoFe2O4 heterojunction effectively suppresses the recombination of charge carriers and promotes the separation of photogenerated charges, generating abundant superoxide anion radicals that oxidize 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for catalytic signal amplification. Therefore, the ingenious combination of nanozymes and SERS technology enables the generation of SERS-active reporters via nanozyme-catalyzed reactions, thus avoiding the need for external labeling modifications. The strategy simultaneously enhances Raman signals through the synergistic effect of photoinduced charge transfer and localized surface plasmon resonance. This Ti3C2–CoFe2O4 heterojunction exhibits integrated OXD-like activity and SERS enhancement, enabling sensitive glutathione (GSH) detection in human serum samples. Through catalytic oxidation of TMB to oxidized TMB, a distinct Raman peak emerges at 1615 cm−1, with its intensity reduction quantitatively correlating with GSH concentration via competitive reactive oxygen species scavenging. Quantitative analysis demonstrates a linear response range of 0.50–200 μmol L−1 and a detection limit of 0.073 μmol L−1, with serum sample recoveries ranging from 94.7%–115%. This study provides a paradigm for designing non-precious metal nanozyme materials with integrated catalytic and SERS capabilities, demonstrating significant potential for practical applications in clinical diagnostics and biosensing.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 7.1
Jingran Liu,Hao Yang,Shuning Yi,Yingyuan Zhao,Xianhui Chang,Qingyun Lyu,Lei Chen,Qian Shen,Wenping Ding,Xi Chen
This study preliminarily confirmed that the primary cause for the low bioavailability of Dihydromyricetin (DHM) was its rapid structural alteration induced by pH fluctuation during digestion, using the in vitro digestion model with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Thus, for stable gastrointestinal delivery, DHM was encapsulated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) - chitosan nanocarrier. Physicochemical characterization revealed spherical DHM loaded BSA-chitosan nanoparticles (DBC-NPs, 217.3 ± 3.2 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency (86.66%). In vitro stability tests confirmed their resistance to upper gastrointestinal pH variations and indicated the potential to reach the colon intact. Untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing were performed using in vitro colonic fermentation (three replicates in each group) of gut bacteria from the pooled stools of 6 donors, applying a statistical threshold of p-value <0.05. Furthermore, DBC-NPs modulated gut microbiota (increasing Dorea / Bifidobacterium / Akkermansia , reducing Escherichia-Shigella / Clostridium ) and their corresponding metabolites (such as promoting beneficial phenyllactic acid while inhibiting harmful metabolites such as 3-Oxocholic acid). This study revealed the capability of BSA-chitosan in protecting DHM integrity during digestion and regulative effect on the gut microbiome and their metabolites, offering new strategies for functional foods and precision nutrition interventions.
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Materials Today Bio
·
2026
·
IF 11
Zheng Peng,Xiao-Jian Li,Yu-Long Xi,Xiao-Long Zhu,Yue Lu,Yan Zhou,Hui-Ying Yan,Juan Wang,Zheng-Mao Yang,Chun-Hua Hang,Yi-Nan Ding,Jing-Lin Wang,Wei Li
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a type of stroke mainly caused by the bursting of brain aneurysms, releasing iron ions into the subarachnoid space and subsequently inducing ferroptosis. Despite the utilization of various ferroptosis-inhibiting pharmacological agents to enhance neurological outcomes post-SAH, challenges such as inadequate targeting and suboptimal drug utilization persist. In response to these limitations, we have developed a novel spatiotemporal cascade reaction liposome that recombinant proteins incorporating neuron-targeting peptides and the functional structural domain of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) were immobilized on the external surface of liposomes, which were internally loaded with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to construct FSP1-Lipo-CoQ10.The purpose of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of FSP1-Lipo-CoQ10 following SAH. As a result, FSP1-loaded liposomes enable targeted delivery to neurons in the lesion area and increase FSP1 levels on the cell membrane. Among the three liposomal formulations, FSP1-Lipo-CoQ10 demonstrated the most potent anti-ferroptosis effects and the greatest improvement in neurological function. FSP1-Lipo-CoQ10 provides a new approach for the therapeutic management of ferroptosis post-SAH and ameliorates associated pathological conditions.
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Wang Jinghan,Hou Peng,Yao Qingwei,Fu Shuang,Chao Liyuan,Sui Huimin,Han Lu,Wang Jiafeng,Wang Guowei,Zhang Hongguang
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology has emerged as a powerful analytical tool for trace-level environmental pollutant detection, with its performance critically dependent on the physicochemical properties of substrate materials. While noble metal substrates (e.g., Au/Ag) demonstrate superior SERS enhancement through surface plasmon resonance (SPR), their practical deployment is hampered by inherent limitations including high material costs and susceptibility to oxidation-induced degradation. Herein, we report the rational design of Ag 2 O/TiO 2 composite substrates via a facile wet-chemical precipitation method, wherein Ag 2 O nanoparticles are uniformly decorated onto pre-synthesized TiO 2 nanospheres. Upon application in crystal violet (CV) detection, the optimized Ag 2 O/TiO 2 composite substrate exhibits remarkable SERS performance with an enhancement factor (EF) of 6.7 × 10 6 and an ultra-low detection limit (LOD) of 1.0 nM (1.0 × 10⁻ 9 M). Systematic investigations reveal that the Ag 2 O modification induces photogenerated electron accumulation on the TiO 2 surface, promoting photoinduced charge transfer (PICT) between the substrate and adsorbed CV molecules. This work not only presents a cost-effective and stable SERS platform for environmental contaminant monitoring but also provides mechanistic insights into the rational engineering of semiconductor-based SERS substrates with enhanced sensitivity and durability.
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Polymer Chemistry
·
2026
·
IF 3.9
Jie Liu,Li Xiang,Jiang Xu,Qian Jiang,Jiahao Deng,Jin Wang,Jun Yang,Anlian Pan
With the rapid advancement of flexible display technology, stricter requirements are imposed on the high-temperature resistance and optical performance of flexible display substrates. Highly transparent, high-temperature-resistant polyimide (PI) is one of the most promising substrates, yet enhancing heat resistance via single molecular structure design often compromises transparency, making it difficult to balance the two properties. To balance the thermal stability and optical transparency of polyimide (PI), three diamine monomers (3F–P, 3F–M, and 3F–O) containing amide bonds and trifluoromethyl groups (–CF3) were synthesized through molecular design, followed by the preparation of PI-1 to PI-6. Amide-derived intermolecular hydrogen bonds restricted molecular chain mobility and enhanced rigidity to improve heat resistance, while the electron-withdrawing property of –CF3 inhibited electron transfer, thereby blocking the charge transfer complex (CTC) effect to boost transparency. Systematic characterization showed that the PI materials had a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 294.8–332.6 °C due to amide bonds. The meta-substituted PI exhibited optimal performance (Tg = 317.9 °C, transmittance = 88.73%, and b* = 2.16). Transfer characteristic curve tests on carbon nanotube thin film transistors (CNT TFTs) fabricated with PI-2 as the substrate confirmed the potential of PI-2 as a flexible electronic substrate. This work provides crucial insights and data for PI flexible substrate optimization and its flexible electronic applications.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 2
·122009
·
IF 7.5
Xingyu Guo,Haiyan Song
Photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production from O 2 using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is a promising solar-to-chemical energy conversion route. However, existing design strategies for COF-based photocatalysts are constrained by various issues, making it difficult to achieve synergistic optimization of both photogenerated charge separation efficiency and catalytic activity. In addition, compared with pure water medium, achieving efficient H 2 O 2 production in alcohols is of great significance for alcohol-mediated organic synthesis and direct alcohol fuel cells. Herein, two amide-linked COFs were fabricated via site-specific benzene ring functionalization, focusing on precise amino group incorporation. Aligned with recent advances in photocatalytic structure property relationships, amino group introduction induces significant charge density differentials in COFs, modulating donor acceptor interactions and efficiently promoting photogenerated charge separation/transport. Consequently, the 2-aminoterephthalic acid-based COF (PPTD-COF) exhibits superior photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production performance. PPTD-COF achieves a H 2 O 2 productivity of 16.23 mmol h −1 g −1 in ethanol within 0.5 h, 16-fold higher than the unmodified terephthalic acid-based COF (PTA-COF). Ethanol acts as an efficient electron-proton donor, supplying abundant H + for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and facilitating proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) for efficient H 2 O 2 generation. This work develops a site-specific functionalization strategy to tune COF electronic structures, optimize donor-acceptor interactions, and enhanced charge dynamics, highlighting potential applications in sustainable energy and environmental remediation.
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