ADVANCED MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 29.1
Jiage Yu,Wei Liu,Lu Bai,Benqiang Tian,Qingyi Zhu,Qianxi Yang,Linlin Zhou,Haoyang Wu,Yuan Wang,Boyuan Li,Xiangrong Jin,Yun Kuang,Jiazhan Li,Xiaoming Sun
CO 2 electroreduction typically requires large overpotentials to sustain high reaction rates, which at current densities approaching 1 A cm −2 inevitably intensify competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), making it difficult to simultaneously sustain high product selectivity (>95%). In this study, hollow Ni─NC (H-Ni-NC) was synthesized using nanoscale silica sphere templates and atomic Zn as a sacrificial pore-former within the carbon shell. The optimized H-Ni-NC achieves a current density of −1.0 A cm −2 with over 95% CO Faradaic efficiency in a flow cell. The high performance was attributed to the hollow sphere architecture enriched with gas-permeable through-pores. Notably, the Zn dosage selectively modulates the shell through-porosity, without altering hollow sphere macrostructure or the active-site structure, thereby enabling a systematic investigation of porosity effects. Finite-element simulations provide a qualitative framework suggesting a trade-off between reactant transport and active surface area with increasing porosity in hollow spherical catalysts. This work underscores that engineering of the nanoscale mass-transport environment surrounding active sites plays a critical role in designing high-efficiency electrocatalysts.
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PHYTOMEDICINE
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2026
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IF 11.3
Jiaqi Chen,Lin Li,Xia Li,Wenyu Wang,Rui Wang,Qi Yang,Changyuan Wang,Ting Fu,Qiang Meng
Bruceine A (BA) has a protective effect against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in vivo and in vitro . • BA alleviated alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress by activating FXR to up-regulate the expression of FOXA2. • FOXA2 and FXR are downregulated in ALD patients and experimental ethanol models and FXR had a regulatory effect on FOXA2. Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a major risk that threatens human health worldwide and lacks effective therapies. Alcohol-induced inflammation and oxidative stress can trigger and aggravate liver steatosis and promote the development of diseases such as alcoholic liver fibrosis without effective treatment. Bruceine A (BA), a compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Brucea javanica , exhibits various activities in multiple diseases. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of BA and its underlying mechanism involving the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) / forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) pathway. Study design and Methods Here, a mouse model of ALD was established with a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet including 5% ethanol (v/v). Molecular dynamics simulations and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) were performed to assess the binding of BA to FXR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR) and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to examine the transcriptional regulation of FOXA2 by FXR. Results The results showed that BA alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury and lipid accumulation, and reduced oxidative stress. BA exhibited affinity for FXR and attenuated ethanol-induced FXR inactivation. FXR bound to the promoter fragments of FOXA2 and enhanced its transcriptional activity and positively affected the expression level of FOXA2. Silencing FOXA2 attenuated the protective effect of BA against hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress in vitro . Conclusion We first demonstrated that RBA could alleviate ALD, and further verified that RBA exerted protective effects through modulating FXR-FOXA2-mediated lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro . Download: Download high-res image (153KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
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2026
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IF 4
Khalid Bashir,Guozhang Bao,Shoujat Ali,Jinke Hu,Yue Yuan,Lan Bao,Sana Shireen
BACKGROUND Environmental stresses such as extreme temperatures, salinity, drought, metal toxicity and freeze–thaw (FT) cycles severely limit crop productivity. The increasing frequency of FT events combined with aluminum (Al) toxicity, exacerbated by global warming, poses a serious threat to seedling survival, especially in early spring. Brassinolide (BL), a phytohormone, enhances plant resilience under abiotic stress, yet its role under combined FT and Al stress in rye ( Secale cereale L.) remains unexplored. RESULTS Al stress increased malondialdehyde content, indicating membrane lipid peroxidation, at the same time as reducing chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and transpiration. Combined Al + FT stress elevated intercellular CO₂ concentration and soluble sugars but lowered stomatal conductance and water-use efficiency, revealing biochemical limitations to photosynthesis. BL alone restored stomatal conductance, lowered intercellular CO₂ and enhanced water-use efficiency, improving CO₂ fixation. Al stress produced the highest H₂O₂ accumulation under both non-FT and FT conditions alongside compensatory increases in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, reflecting an overwhelmed antioxidant response; co-application of BL with Al reduced H₂O₂ and moderated this APX elevation relative to Al alone. BL alone increased glutathione content above all treatments, although this benefit was partly constrained when combined with Al under FT. BL also improved shoot relative water content, photosynthetic efficiency and soluble sugar regulation, promoting osmotic adjustment and cold tolerance. CONCLUSION BL enhances rye tolerance to combined FT and Al stress by restoring photosynthetic function and modulating antioxidant responses, offering a promising approach to safeguard crop productivity in regions prone to such abiotic challenges. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
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2026
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IF 3.2
Junyu Huang,Di Lin,Wei Li,Bo Wang,Huiyang Xu,Zimo Wang,Yongyi Li,Shuanglong Li,Xiaorui Huang
The PCN/CdS/CdIn 2 S 4 composites exhibit excellent photocatalytic performance for H 2 evolution, H 2 O 2 production and dye degradation. • Spontaneous interfacial band bending drives a dual Z-scheme pathway to preserve highly active photogenerated charge carriers. • The superoxide radicals (.•O 2 − ) is the primary species for both continuous H 2 O 2 generation and rapid pollutant decomposition. Addressing the escalating global energy and environmental crises demands efficient, sustainable, and robust technologies. In this study, a ternary composite PCN/CdS/CdIn 2 S 4 integrating phosphorus-doped carbon nitride (PCN), cadmium sulfide (CdS), and indium cadmium sulfide (CdIn 2 S 4 ) was rationally designed via a multi-step assembly process. The optimized heterojunction exhibits outstanding performance, achieving remarkable H 2 and H 2 O 2 production rates of 7614 and 6873 μmol∙g −1 h −1 , respectively. Additionally, it demonstrates ultra-fast degradation kinetics, mineralizing 99.4% of methyl orange within just 30 min. Mechanistically, spontaneous interfacial band bending drives a dual Z-scheme charge transfer pathway. This specific energy band alignment effectively preserves strongly reducing electrons and highly oxidizing holes while significantly suppressing charge carrier recombination. Furthermore, radical trapping confirms that superoxide radicals (∙O 2 − ) are the pivotal active species, driving a two-step single-electron reduction pathway (O 2 →∙O 2- →H 2 O 2 ) for continuous H 2 O 2 generation, and coupling synergistically with localized holes for rapid organic pollutant decomposition.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
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IF 5.4
Jie Ding,Jing Zhang,Boxia Liu,Yuyu Wang,Dongxu Han,Yeqiong Huang,Chuhan Xing,Zhi Song
MnFe-O activates PMS to remove 99.34% phenol within 30 min. • Oxygen vacancies regulate Mn-Fe dual-site electronic coupling. • MnFe-O shows higher Fe 2+ and Mn 3+ contents for rapid redox cycling. • O 2 •− / 1 O 2 -coupled pathways dominate phenol oxidation in MnFe-O/PMS. • MnFe-O/PMS maintains high activity in diverse real water matrices. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation technology has significant application potential in the removal of phenolic pollutants, but its catalytic performance is still limited by problems such as insufficient regulation of the electronic structure of active sites and unclear interfacial reaction pathways. This study used MnFe Prussian blue analogue (MnFe-PBA) as a precursor to construct a series of MnFe-X (X = O, S, Se) catalysts through thermal conversion and oxygen vacancy-related defect engineering, and systematically compared the effects of different vacancy types on the PMS-activated degradation performance of phenol. The results showed that the MnFe-O sample, which was jointly regulated by oxygen vacancy-related defects and structural reconstruction, exhibited the best catalytic activity, achieving 99.34% phenol removal within 30 min, with an apparent rate constant as high as 0.20 min −1 , which was significantly better than the MnFe-PBA and S/Se vacancy-regulated samples. XPS analysis showed that the increased proportions of Fe 2+ (77.25%) and Mn 3+ (70.00%) in MnFe-O created a more favorable local electronic environment for electron coupling and redox cycles. EPR and quenching results indicate that •OH, SO 4 •− , O 2 •− and 1 O 2 are generated simultaneously in the system, and an oxidation pathway dominated by O 2 •− / 1 O 2 coupling is ultimately formed. This work reveals the key role of oxygen vacancy-related defects and structural reconstruction in jointly regulating the activation of PMS by Mn-Fe dual sites, providing a new mechanistic basis for defect engineering-driven bimetallic catalyst design and efficient purification of phenolic wastewater. Download: Download high-res image (230KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Materials Today Nano
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2026
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IF 7.6
Yingnan Wu,Zijing Dong,Zhiyuan Sun,Chao Zhi,Zhe Liu,Xingzhong Gao,Yanli Sun,Qi Wang,Xiaolin Zhang,Siman Li,Chenxi Yang,Jindi Chen,Lingjie Yu
Developed an interpretable machine learning framework for carbon-based flexible strain sensors. • Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) achieved excellent prediction accuracy (maximum R 2 = 0.9600). • Comparative evaluation of MLP, RF and SVR modeling approaches for flexible strain sensor performance prediction. • SHAP analysis identified the core process parameters and synergistic mechanisms regulating sensor performance. • This framework supports the data-driven design and optimization of high-performance carbon-based flexible strain sensors. The sensing performance of carbon-based flexible strain sensors is largely governed by processing parameters. Therefore, the exploration of optimal processing parameters is of great significance to the enhancement of material properties. However, the complex coupling among multiple variables renders conventional trial-and-error optimization inefficient. Here, a data-driven prediction–optimization strategy integrating design of experiments (DoE) with machine learning (ML) is established to accelerate the regulation of sensing performance in a thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotube-carbon fiber/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU/CNTs-CF/TPU) strain sensor. Uniform and information-rich experimental datasets are constructed within a high-dimensional parameter space, and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model is trained to characterize the relationship between processing parameters and sensing performance. SHAP-based interpretability analysis is further employed to quantitatively elucidate the contribution mechanisms of key factors, including carbon loading and carbon nanotube ratio, thereby guiding targeted experiments in high-sensitivity regions and enabling iterative optimization through dataset expansion. As a result, the sensor sensitivity is markedly improved, with the gauge factor (GF) increasing from 15 to 105 while maintaining high predictive accuracy (R 2 = 0.96). The trained model is subsequently used to screen 600 randomly sampled parameter combinations, from which two optimal candidates are identified and experimentally validated, yielding relative prediction errors as low as 2.3% and 3.1% at 80% strain. Moreover, the optimized sensors exhibit excellent stability under cyclic loading and human-motion monitoring. This work provides an efficient and interpretable paradigm for regulating material–process–performance relationships in flexible electronics, substantially reducing experimental cost and offering broad methodological guidance for high-performance flexible sensing systems. Download: Download high-res image (373KB) Download: Download full-size image
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International Journal of Pharmaceutics-X
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2026
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IF 7.9
Le Chang,Jin Zeng,Libo Zhang,Hao Cheng,Bianbian Wang,Jialian Yu,Fang Chen,Deyu Kong,Jianhua Wang,Xiaofan Jiang
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation and progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Triptolide (TP) exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity, but its therapeutic application is limited by poor aqueous solubility and a narrow therapeutic window. To address these limitations, we developed dissolving hyaluronic acid (HA) microneedles (MNs) incorporating a TP-loaded microemulsion (mean diameter: 27.6 ± 4.4 nm) for local transdermal delivery. The TP-loaded microneedles (TP MNs) showed a uniform pyramidal morphology (height of ∼500 μm) and adequate mechanical strength (fracture force: 0.098 ± 0.010 N per needle), supporting skin insertion with microchannel depths of approximately 450 μm. In vitro , TP MN-derived preparations reduced the viability, migration, and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS), and decreased inflammatory mediator production, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GM-CSF, and CSF-1R. In vivo , TP MNs alleviated joint swelling, synovial hyperplasia, cartilage damage, and bone erosion in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model relative to TP HA solution and blank MN controls. At the molecular level, TP-containing treatment was associated with changes in NF-κB-associated downstream readouts in synovial tissues and RA-FLS. Under the present dosing regimen, serum ALT, AST, BUN, and CRE remained comparable among groups, providing preliminary evidence for the absence of overt short-term hepatorenal dysfunction within the study period. Collectively, these results support microemulsion-embedded HA microneedles as a promising local TP delivery platform for inflammatory arthritis, while warranting further investigation of long-term safety, complete pharmacokinetic profiles, and application-site effects.
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MEASUREMENT
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2026
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IF 6.1
Yuan Jin,Junyuan Song,Nanke Ma,Guangli Li
NiMoO 4 micro-rods/MWCNT-COOH composite first applied for FLX detection. • Low LOD (0.012 μM), wide range (0.05–20 μM), high sensitivity (μA μM −1 ). • Enrichment via electrostatic attraction, H-bonding, and π‑π stacking (adsorption-controlled). • Good anti-interference, 82% stability over 30 days, recoveries 94–104% in real samples. • Structural and functional complementarity (conductivity + catalysis) of the composite. Fleroxacin (FLX), a commonly utilized fluoroquinolone antibiotic, has been identified as a significant environmental and human health hazard due to its presence and accumulation in the environment. In this study, an electrochemical sensor employing a NiMoO 4 /MWCNT-COOH composite material was devised for the highly selective and highly sensitive detection of FLX in environmental water samples. The nickel molybdate microrod/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube composites (NiMoO 4 /MWCNT COOH) synergistically combines the catalytic properties of NiMoO 4 with the exceptional conductivity and dispersibility of MWCNT-COOH, thereby enhancing electron transfer rates and the effective electroactive surface area. The sensor demonstrated a favorable linear response within the concentration range of 0.05–20 μM, with a limit of detection of 0.012 μM, a sensitivity of 2.988 μA μM −1 , good anti-interference capabilities, and sustained stability (signal retention rate of 82% over 30 days). Furthermore, spiked recovery experiments conducted in authentic water samples (tap water, lake water, serum and bean sprout) yielded recoveries ranging from 94.04% to 103.8% and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) are less than 5%, affirming the method’s suitability for the reliable analysis of FLX in complex matrices. This approach offers a robust sensing platform for environmental antibiotic monitoring.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 9.6
Liming Wang,Yupeng Liu,Gonghua Hu,Liang Xiong,Yuanfu Ding,Bingzhe Wang,Xiaofeng Lin,Hanqiang Zhang,Qitong Huang,Songnan Qu,Licen Li
Nicotinamide-derived carbon dots (NAM-CDs) display amplified Ki67 binding, conferring potent tumor targeting. • Optimized solvothermal synthesis at 180 °C boosts red fluorescence and photothermal conversion. • Excellent biocompatibility and tight Ki67 binding enable selective nuclear retention of NAM-CDs in cancer cells. • In vivo 660 nm irradiation of NAM-CDs achieves complete tumor regression without recurrence over 30 days. The lack of tumor-specific targeting remains a major bottleneck in photothermal therapy. Here, we exploit the natural affinity of nicotinamide (NAM) for Ki67, a tumor proliferation marker, to design a targeted photothermal nanomaterial. NAM-derived carbon dots (NAM-CDs) were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method, in which the carbon core serves as a scaffold for the multivalent presentation of NAM moieties. Dynamic molecular docking simulations revealed that NAM-CDs exhibited a markedly enhanced binding affinity toward Ki67, with binding energy of −7.7 kcal/molcompared with −3.8 kcal/mol for free NAM. These results indicate that the multivalent display of NAM not only preserves but also amplifies its intrinsic Ki67-targeting capability. To further optimize the photophysical properties of NAM-CDs, the synthesis temperature was systematically tuned. At 180 °C, the resulting NAM-CDs developed a pyridine-rich surface characterized by maximized pyrrolic-N content and enhanced amide bond formation, facilitating efficient energy transfer from the carbon core to surface states. This optimized electronic structure synergistically enhanced both red fluorescence emission and photothermal conversion efficiency. The pyridine-rich NAM-CDs exhibited excellent biocompatibility, specific nuclear retention through Ki67-mediated interactions in cancer cells, and potent photothermal tumor ablation upon 660 nm laser irradiation in vivo, achieving complete tumor regression without recurrence over a 30-day observation period. By harnessing the inherent Ki67 affinity of NAM, this work provides a facile strategy for imparting tumor-targeting capability to photothermal agents, opening a new avenue for proliferation-marker-directed cancer therapy. In this work, we developed nicotinamide-derived carbon dots that exploit natural Ki67 affinity to amplify binding, with a pyridine-N-rich surface boosting fluorescence and photothermal conversion. They achieve selective nuclear retention in cancer cells and complete tumor regression without recurrence. Download: Download high-res image (119KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 5.2
Tianxin Zuo,Hengchang Zhang,Kaidi Sun,Hairong Chen,Caiqin Han
AuNPs@BN@AgNR SERS sensor for ultrasensitive salivary BR/BV detection. • Ultra-low LODs of 5 × 10 −8 M for BR and 1 × 10 −7 M for BV in spiked saliva. • FDTD simulations confirm 5.54-fold electric field enhancement via LSPR coupling. • BN layer enables target enrichment and suppressed non-specific adsorption. Bilirubin (BR) and biliverdin (BV) are non-invasive biomarkers for hepatic function assessment. Their detection in saliva is limited by sub-micromolar concentrations and matrix interference. Conventional methods exhibit limits of detection (LODs) ≥ 10 −6 M. Herein, an AuNPs@BN@AgNR SERS sensor is fabricated via oblique angle deposition, wet chemical etching, and chemical reduction. FDTD simulations demonstrate a 5.54-fold local electric field enhancement in the x–z plane relative to the BN@AgNR bilayer, resulting from LSPR coupling between AuNPs and AgNRs. Experimentally, the substrate achieves enhancement factors up to 4.06 × 10 9 with a spatial relative standard deviation (RSD) of ≤7.00%. The sensor yields LODs of 1 × 10 −12 M (BPE), 2.5 × 10 −8 M (R6G), and 1 × 10 −6 M (CV). In spiked saliva, the sensor exhibits quantifiable concentration ranges of 5 × 10 −8 M to 1 × 10 −4 M for BR and 1 × 10 −7 M to 1 × 10 −4 M for BV, with corresponding LODs of 5 × 10 −8 M and 1 × 10 −7 M. This performance is attributed to BN-mediated electrostatic target enrichment and the suppression of non-specific protein adsorption. This study provides an analytical platform for the non-invasive trace analysis of hepatic biomarkers. Download: Download high-res image (112KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
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2026
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IF 6.2
Ehsan Ghasali,Hamidreza Ghadami Karder,Congya Zhu,Ayesha Sadiqa,Li Jie,Yasin Orooji
Novel Dy₂Ho₂Er₂Tm₂Yb₂O₁₅ high-entropy oxide successfully synthesized via conventional sintering. • Single-phase cubic bixbyite structure (Ia-3) formed across all sintering conditions. • Higher sintering time/temperature promoted grain growth, strain relaxation and homogeneity. • Bandgap narrowed to 4.45 eV due to high-entropy induced lattice distortion. characters). • Promising photoluminescence properties indicating potential photocatalytic activity. A bixbyite-structured rare-earth high-entropy oxide with the composition Yb₂Tm₂Er₂Dy₂Ho₂O₁₅ was synthesized by a conventional compaction–sintering route. The effects of sintering temperature and time on phase formation, microstructure, chemical homogeneity, and optical properties were systematically investigated. XRD confirmed the formation of a cubic bixbyite structure with the space group , while Williamson–Hall analysis indicated improved crystallinity and strain relaxation with increasing sintering severity. SEM/TEM observations and EDS mapping revealed progressive grain growth, densification, and homogeneous distribution of the constituent rare-earth elements. XPS results confirmed the predominance of trivalent rare-earth cations and a stable oxygen environment, with no major chemical-state changes after sintering. UV–Vis analysis showed a band gap of 4.45 eV, which is lower than those of the individual constituent oxides, suggesting that lattice distortion and compositional complexity influence the electronic structure. PL results further indicated reduced electron–hole recombination in the UV region. Overall, the results demonstrate that conventional compaction and sintering can produce chemically homogeneous bixbyite-type rare-earth HEOs with tunable microstructural and optical characteristics.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 3.9
Shucheng Liu,Bo Wang,Ruiheng Lu,Hongxiang Ou,Xuan Zhang
Naringin (NRG) is a bioactive substance with important pharmaceutical and industrial value. However, the major challenges in the separation of NRG arise from the complexity and low concentration of crude extracts. In this work, by integrating the advantages of magnetic separation, MOFs@COFs composite materials, and surface molecular imprinting strategy, a new kind of magnetic MOF@COF-based boronate-affinity molecular imprinted adsorbent (NH2-MIL-68-Fe3O4@COFs@BA-MIPs) was constructed. Magnetic NH2-MIL-68 substrates were prepared by the solvothermal method, aldehyde-functionalized by surface modification with 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp). Then, a covalent organic framework shell was grown on the surface of substrates via the Schiff base reaction. Finally, a boronate-affinity imprinted polymer was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The as-prepared adsorbent features rapid magnetic separation. In addition, the high-density boronate-imprinted recognition sites and porous structure endow the material with a fast adsorption rate (reaching equilibrium about 60 min), a high adsorption capacity (57.29 μmol g–1), and good retention performance (92.79%) after six adsorption–desorption cycles at 308 K under pH 8.0. Moreover, the extraction rate of crude NRG by NH2-MIL-68-Fe3O4@COFs@BA-MIPs reached 93.61%. This study provides a design strategy for constructing NRG adsorbents with rapid magnetic response and has important application value in the specific separation and purification of flavonoids.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）