GREEN CHEMISTRY
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2025
·
IF 9.2
Junqi Zhang,Jianlong Wen,Zhenwei Liu,Fangwei Ling,Zhengtian Xie,Yijing Nie,Jinrong Wu
Simultaneously enhancing the strength and toughness of elastomers has long been a great challenge. Inspired by the cell-like structures found in nature, this study employs phosphatidylcholine to modulate the polarity of lignin, and thereby lignin forms a self-assembly “cell-like structure” within hydroxylated polyisoprene rubber, developing a green strategy for synthesizing high-performance rubber. The mechanism underlying the self-assembly of lignin structures was elucidated through two-dimensional infrared analysis and molecular simulations. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy force-distance curve analysis revealed that the presence of phosphatidylcholine not only altered the self-assembled structure of lignin but also facilitated the formation of an interfacial layer between lignin and the rubber matrix, thereby enhancing their compatibility. The “cell-like structure” and compatibility transformation enable the formation of lignin-reinforced hydroxylated polyisoprene rubbers with outstanding mechanical properties, achieving a remarkable strength of 26 MPa and great recovery capabilities in the absence of chemical permanent crosslinking. This innovative approach pioneers a novel green pathway for the sustainable production of high-performance rubber materials.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
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IF 9.1
Haoxin Li,Jiakang Liang,Manni Ren,Li Chen,Olugbenga Abiola Fakayode,Cunshan Zhou
The refining of renewable lignocellulosic resources requires energy-intensive and chemically harsh processes, leading to lignin condensation and carbohydrate loss. To efficiently convert corn cobs (CCs) into fermentable sugars and produce functionalized lignin, we developed an ethylenediamine (EDA) treatment system under high solid loads. At 140 °C, EDA treatment separated 75.87 ± 3.16 % of lignin while retaining 93.72 ± 2.78 % of cellulose. The introduction of amino and amide groups enhanced lignin hydrophilicity through electrostatic repulsion and hydrogen bonding with water, reducing non-productive enzyme binding. As a result, glucose and xylose conversion rates in cellulose solids (CSs) reached 85.17 ± 1.82 % and 75.34 ± 1.95 %, respectively, while xylan solids (XSs) released 90.87 ± 3.47 % of xylose within 12 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Aminated lignin (AL) contained 14.33 % nitrogen, exhibited aggregation-induced emission, and showed a 4.88-fold enhancement in photoluminescence (PL) intensity compared to alkali lignin. Model compound studies for the first time revealed the nucleophilic attack mechanism of EDA on ester bonds and β-O-4 ether linkages. The solid-state reaction system and α-amination structure effectively blocked reactive sites to prevent lignin condensation. AL can serve as a low-cost fluorescent probe for rapid Fe 3+ concentration detection. This one-step separation system achieves simultaneous extraction and modification, simplifying downstream processing of carbohydrates and lignin for value-added applications.
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Communications Biology
·
2025
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 5.1
Liang Congying,Lin Lu,Wang Xiaoyan,Zhu Wenping
The secretion of ligninolytic enzyme provides a competitive advantage for microbial survival. These enzymes are commonly transported to the extracellular milieu via signal peptides for the catabolism of lignin, which cannot be translocated through the cell membrane. However, some bacterial ligninolytic enzymes lack signal peptides, yet they can still be secreted. It remains unclear how these unconventional proteins cross the cell membrane. Here, we reveal a secretion mechanism for the unconventional B-type dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DypB) in Pseudomonas putida A514. Type VI secretion system (T6SS) mediates the inner membrane channel, where interaction of DypB with the T6SS components VgrG and Hcp accounts for periplasmic delivery. Once in the periplasm, DypB is allocated into outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and released to the extracellular space. The crosslinked translocation model for DypB delivery represents an ingenious mechanism by which bacteria harness extant systems to thrive in a nutrient-poor environment. Moreover, we develop an OMV-surface display platform to improve DypB secretion and further enhance lignin utilization, exemplifying the applicability of OMVs as a lignin biocatalytic nanoreactor. Our study demonstrates the previously unrecognized crosslinking of T6SS and OMVs for the secretion of unconventional ligninolytic peroxidase and provides new perspectives on its biotechnological applications.
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高影响因子
Sustainability
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 13
·6201
·
IF 3.3
Jiayao Yang,Jie Fei,Xingxing Wang
The dependence of conventional epoxy resins on fossil fuels and the environmental and health hazards associated with bisphenol A (BPA) demand the creation of sustainable alternatives. Because lignin is a natural resource and has an aromatic ring skeleton structure, it could be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. This study effectively resolved this challenge by utilizing a sustainable one-step epoxidation process to transform lignin into a bio-based epoxy resin. The results verified the successful synthesis of epoxidized bamboo lignin through systematic characterization employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen spectroscopy/two-dimensional heteronuclear single-quantum coherent nuclear magnetic resonance, quantitative phosphorus spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Lignin-based epoxy resins had an epoxy equivalent value of 350–400 g/mol and a weight-average molecular weight of 4853 g/mol. Studies on the curing kinetics revealed that polyetheramine (PEA-230) demonstrated the lowest apparent activation energy (46.2 kJ/mol), signifying its enhanced curing efficiency and potential for energy conservation. Mechanical testing indicated that the PEA-230 cured network demonstrated the maximum tensile strength (>25 MPa), whereas high-molecular-weight polyetheramine (PEA-2000) imparted enhanced elongation to the material. Lignin-based epoxy resins demonstrated superior heat stability. This study demonstrates the conversion of bamboo lignin into bio-based epoxy resins using a simple, environmentally friendly synthesis process, demonstrating the potential to reduce fossil resource use, efficiently use waste, develop sustainable thermosetting materials, and promote a circular bioeconomy.
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Sustainable Materials and Technologies
·
2025
·
IF 9.2
Wenwen Zhu,Chencong Liu,Jiaqi Liao,Shitao Shi,Zewei Ye,Haomeng Yu,Qingfeng Sun,Julia L. Shamshina,Xiaoping Shen
The persistent accumulation of traditional plastic films and their environmental burden have created an urgent need for biodegradable alternatives. However, developing biodegradable plastic films that simultaneously exhibit excellent mechanical performance, stability, and rapid degradation in natural environments remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present a novel approach inspired by the crosslinking mechanism of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC). Using epoxy-terminated polyethylene glycol (ETPEG 400 ), a hemicellulose-like matrix material with high crosslinking potential, we integrated it with lignin and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) to develop high-performance and rapidly biodegradable plastic films. The resulting Lignin-ETPEG 400 -CNF (LEC) films feature a dense structural network, achieved through continuous molecular rearrangement during rehydration and dehydration processing. This unique structure provides the films with exceptional mechanical strength (29 MPa), hydrophobicity, and thermal stability (T m = 148.5 °C). Furthermore, compared to conventional plastic films, the LEC films drastically reduce environmental impact, safely degrading in natural environments with minimal ecological footprint.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
·
IF 8.5
Yanan Chen,Furong Tao,Hairui Ji,Xingxiang Ji,Zhongjian Tian,Jiachuan Chen
The PVA film usually absorbs moisture from the environment due to its good water solubility, which results in a decrease in mechanical strength, thereby limiting the application of PVA films in plastics. In this study, modified PVA with vanillin was combined with carboxylated lignin to prepare polyvinyl alcohol/carboxylated lignin composites (VPVAL@Ca) by a crosslink reaction with calcium ions. The composite film demonstrated good hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 95°. The mechanical strength was improved with a tensile strength of 90.1 MPa and fracture strain of 16 %. Additionally, the material demonstrated excellent UV resistance, effectively blocking UVB and UVC rays while shielding most of the UVA. When VPVAL@Ca was used as a coating material for paper, the coated paper exhibited superior barrier properties with a water contact angle of 92°, oil resistance of KIT 12, a Cobb120 value of 5.4 g/m 2 , and an oxygen permeability of only 0.7 cm 3 /(m 2 ·24h·0.1 MPa). Furthermore, the VPVAL@Ca paper composite material displayed good biodegradability in soil, with nearly complete degradation after 36 days. This study presents a novel approach for developing high-performance biodegradable materials and enhancing the value of PVA and lignin.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Yan Zhiqi,Li Xinmei,Yang Rui,Jia Liming
To address the global challenge of fossil fuel consumption, a self-supporting supercapacitor electrode material was successfully fabricated to enable efficient utilization of renewable energy. In this study, lignin/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) carbon nanofibers (LCNFs), prepared via electrospinning, served as a conductive scaffold and growth substrate. This enabled the in situ growth of NiCo 2 O 4 and CeO 2 , co-constructing a composite electrode material (denoted as CeO 2 /NiCo 2 O 4 @LCNFs) characterized by a petal-like nanosheet architecture. Results indicate that, compared to LCNFs, this uniquely structured composite enhances the exposure of active sites and facilitates charge and ion transport, thereby leading to significantly improved electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the influence of varying Ce content on the morphology, structure, and electrochemical properties of the composite was investigated. The CeO 2 /NiCo 2 O 4 @LCNFs composite exhibited optimal morphology and electrochemical properties when the Ce addition amount was 0.5 mmol. It delivered a specific capacitance of 643.6 F g -1 (at 0.5 A g -1 ) and maintained a capacitance retention of 82.07% after 5000 cycles at 5 A g -1 . These results demonstrate the promising application potential of this electrode material and offer new perspectives for the development of novel electrode materials.
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JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 3.9
Kang Zhao,Sha-Sha Zhao,Quan-Wei Liu,Zhen Liu
To address the challenge of lignin removal while preserving cellulose in lignocellulosic biomass valorization, this study developed a novel ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) system composed of triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (T, as hydrogen bond acceptor), copper chloride (Lewis acid catalyst), and ethylene glycol (EG, hydrogen bond donor) for microwave-assisted pretreatment of corn straw. The DES was designed to leverage synergistic effects between Lewis acid catalysis and hydrogen bond disruption for selective lignin extraction. Optimization via Box-Behnken experimental design revealed that optimal delignification (96.52%) and hemicellulose removal (94.60%) with 94.79% cellulose retention were achieved under microwave conditions of 130°C, 40 min, liquid-solid ratio 13.1, and CuCl₂/T molar ratio 0.198. Comparative characterization of raw and pretreated biomass using SEM, FT-IR, and XRD demonstrated that T-CuCl₂-EG disrupted the lignocellulose matrix by breaking ether/ester bonds in lignin-carbohydrate complexes, selectively solubilizing lignin/hemicellulose while preserving cellulose crystallinity. This work provides a sustainable and efficient strategy for biomass fractionation, with potential applications in biorefineries.
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高影响因子
Processes
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 11
·3507
·
IF 2.8
Yongshuang Li,Ting Feng,Jifei Liu,Cheng Pan,Yi Wang,Zhenzhen Wu,Guozhi Fan
The lignin nanoparticle (LNP) was prepared by the self-assembly method and further blended with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) to obtain a PBAT/LNP composite using a solvent casting method. It was found that the nano-modification of lignin effectively improved the compatibility between the components, and the mechanical properties, gas barrier properties, UV resistance, degradation, and antibacterial properties of the PBAT/LNP composite. Compared with PBAT, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and elastic modulus of the PBAT/LNP composite with 8 wt% LNP (PBAT/LNP-8) increased by 37.36%, 47.30% and 50.70%, respectively. Moreover, the mechanical properties, UV-blocking performance, and gas barrier properties of PBAT/LNP-8 were better than those of the commercial degradable packing bag, and the composite derived from PBAT and lignin extracted from wheat straw also showed excellent properties. This work explored a way to expand the utilization of lignin from lignocellulosic biomass, which not only helped to solve the environmental pollution caused by the widespread use of non-degradable plastics, but also promoted the replacement of fossil resources.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Tianlong Liu,Peiyan Yang,Luyao Shen,Zhonghong Li,Yancheng Hu,Qi Li,Xiaobo Feng,Xiaoyan Zhao,Jingpei Cao
Alkaline oxidation is one of the methods for effective delignification of biomass and structural degradation of lignin. The depolymerized lignin has great potential to be valorized by hydrothermal gasification while little attempts have been made. The present authors subjected an alkaline lignin to oxygen oxidation in Na 2 CO 3 solution and investigated gasification performance of the lignin with a continuous flow reactor. The oxidative treatment decreased the molecular weight of lignin and produced large portions of acid-soluble fractions with a lower molecular weight. The depolymerized lignin was near-completely converted to H 2 , CH 4 and CO 2 at 340 °C with a Ru/C catalyst. The Ru/C catalyst maintained its activity for at least 480 min, with a negligible amount of coke deposition (1.0 %-C/h on average) and liquid effluent containing 55 − 150 ppm of organic carbon. The gasification efficiency of the depolymerized lignin achieved by Ru/C was superior to that of the raw lignin.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Juan He,Yaqiong Zhang,Caoxing Huang,Chen Huang,Feng Jiang,Zhongkai Wang
Lignin contains numerous polar groups that contribute to various physical effects when combined with other polymer materials, enhancing cohesiveness and enabling the resultant materials to be utilized effectively as robust adhesive materials. This work incorporates homogenized lignin into plant oil-based poly(ester amide) (PEA) via in-situ melt polycondensation, yielding high-performance lignin/PEA composite adhesives. The addition of lignin significantly increases hydrogen bond formation within the cross-linked structures, strengthening internal interactions and improving the temperature tolerance of the composites. Notably, at a low lignin content (3 wt%), the composites exhibit enhanced mechanical properties, including increased tensile strength, elongation, and toughness. However, higher lignin content (14 wt%) reduces performance due to the self-aggregation of lignin particles. Moreover, these lignin/PEA composites can be easily recycled through physical and chemical methods without compromising their mechanical performance. High adhesion strength can be achieved over a wide temperature range from −196 to 100 °C, demonstrating exceptional adhesion behavior in harsh environments. Overall, integrating lignin and PEA through in-situ melt polycondensation offers a promising strategy for developing sustainable, recyclable adhesives for demanding applications under extreme conditions.
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Food Packaging and Shelf Life
·
2025
·
IF 10.6
Tao Yu,Tong Wang,Renguo Zhang,Chenglin Su,Shuang Cao,Yini Zhao,Hejing Wang,Jiaxing Li,Na Niu,Ligang Chen
Biodegradable cling film is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional plastics which still requires the addition of preservatives to improve its ability to retain freshness. Lignin, which is a natural product with both safety and antioxidant effects, has become a potential preservative. In this study, lignin was extracted from pine and corn straw by deep eutectic solvent. The lignin yield was 40.54 % and 60.60 %, respectively. A series of CS/LNPs cling films were prepared by lignin nanoparticles as the main freshness preservation and chitosan (CS) as substrates. The film with 5 % lignin nanoparticles (CS/LNPs-5) demonstrated an 89.10 % DPPH radical scavenging rate, indicating superior antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the CS/LNPs-5 films showed good UV shielding ability, mechanical properties, and hydrophobicity. Remarkably, CS/LNPs-5 was applied to preserve perishable strawberries, which extended their freshness for up to 9 days. In this study, lignin nanoparticles were successfully used to prepare cling film with high antioxidant properties, which provides a new approach for lignin in food packaging.
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