SENSORS
·
2026
·Vol. 26
·期 11
·3506
·
IF 4
Zhiqiang Gao,Bing Ren,Jing Han,Jie Li,Jing Liu,Huihui Bai
Multimodal sensors can collect multiple signals and have great potential in robotics and other technical fields. However, such sensors often encounter challenges of signal crosstalk and insufficient real-time performance, particularly in the detection of pressure and temperature, which significantly affect measurement accuracy. To address this issue, a multimodal PCSC sensor was developed. This sensor reduces signal crosstalk by separating force and temperature signals. It uses the pressure-resistance variation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to detect force and the thermochromic properties of spiropyran (SP) to detect temperature. When pressure and temperature act on the sensor simultaneously, the resistance increases with pressure and stabilizes when the pressure becomes constant. The response time is 0.4 s. As the temperature rises, the resistance decreases, and the color becomes deeper. Both resistance and color stabilize within 7.5 s. To improve temperature sensing accuracy, a lightweight ResNet-Transformer network (LRTNet) was proposed. This algorithm combines ResNet’s ability to extract features and Transformer’s ability to model sequences. It efficiently fuses color and resistance signals for temperature detection. Tests on a robotic manipulator for dual recognition of temperature and force showed that LRTNet achieved a runtime of 152.08 ms and a temperature sensing accuracy of 95%. LRTNet improved overall performance by at least 11% compared to traditional algorithms. The sensor and algorithm improved the performance and reliability of multimodal sensors.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 15
Ma Tianyu,Li Qiang,Chen Xingwu,Dong Jixiang,Jiang Yuqing,Li Shanshan
Bioactive peptides are promising candidates for hair regeneration, but their topical application is often limited by poor skin delivery and the need for frequent dosing. To overcome these challenges, we designed a palmitoylated peptide, Pal-MPAPO, and incorporated it into a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel microneedle (MN) system for localized transdermal delivery. The fabricated MNs showed adequate mechanical strength for skin insertion and provided a time-dependent, prolonged release of Pal-MPAPO. In human dermal papilla cells (DPCs), Pal-MPAPO activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in a predominantly VPAC1-dependent manner. Additional VPAC2 validation did not reveal a significant contribution to cAMP signaling under the tested conditions. Functional interactions between Pal-MPAPO and VPAC1 were supported by molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, receptor knockdown, and fluorescence imaging. In a C57BL/6 mouse model, Pal-MPAPO-loaded MNs significantly promoted hair regrowth, achieving efficacy comparable to minoxidil but at a reduced application frequency. These findings identify Pal-MPAPO as a potential peptide candidate for hair regeneration and suggest that hydrogel MN-assisted delivery provides a localized peptide administration strategy. Graphical The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhao Yuehua,Chen Hongbo,Hu Ming,Xu Wen-Sheng,Wang Dapeng
The adsorption of charged nanoparticles at water-oil interfaces constitutes a fundamental phenomenon, underlying pivotal technologies spanning from emulsion stabilization to the sophisticated fabrication of foams. However, the diffusional behavior of these nanoparticles remains poorly understood. Here, we use single-molecule tracking experiments to show that the diffusion of like-charged nanoparticles at the water-oil interface not only becomes anomalous but also displays a diffusional aging phenomenon at the interfacial coverage that is not associated with the glassy state. We further develop a theoretical framework that quantitatively reproduces all experimental observations. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the necessity of the coexistence of attraction and repulsion for the emergence of aging dynamics. The interplay between attraction and repulsion leads to nanoparticle adhesion taking place over observable timescales, which is manifested as aging dynamics. The discovery of diffusional aging demonstrates that interfacial evolution persists beyond adsorption equilibrium, suggesting that this effect must be accounted for in applications involving water-oil interfaces laden with charged nanoparticles.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Jia Ning,Ji Yuan,Wang Wei,Wang Shichang,Wu Hong,Guo Shaoyun,Qiu Jianhui
Mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (CFs) with ultrahigh axial thermal conductivity can significantly enhance through-plane heat transfer in thermal interface materials by vertical alignment, yet raise short-circuiting and electromagnetic interference (EMI) risks. Although incorporating insulating fillers or coating CFs can suppress electron migration, it often compromises thermal performance. Herein, we engineer multi-functionally trunk-branch hierarchical heterostructures to address above limitations. Vertically aligned trunk-like CF scaffolds ensure superior through-plane heat transfer. Branch-like boron nitride (BN) networks optimize impedance matching by enhancing electrical insulation and consequently improve electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. Meanwhile, in situ BN networks interconnect CF scaffolds, extending bidirectional thermally conductive and EMW propagation paths. At only 20.17 vol% filler, the composite exhibits a through-plane thermal conductivity of 57.96 W·m −1 ·K −1 (specific thermal conductivity enhancement of 1431.62 %·(vol%) −1 ) and an in-plane thermal conductivity of 2.93 W·m −1 ·K −1 , together with excellent electrical insulation and absorption-dominated EMI shielding, addressing the challenge of thermal-electrical-electromagnetic coupling for next-generation electronics.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 34
·46312-46321
·
IF 7.8
Wang Guangxia,Sun Xiuwei,Geng Ruyang,Xu Yong,Hu Tao,Qiu Zhenping
The commercialization of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) is severely hindered by sluggish anodic alcohol oxidation reaction kinetics and the high susceptibility of catalysts to deactivation. Traditional Pd/Pt-based catalysts suffer from difficult C−C bond cleavage and severe CO poisoning. To address these issues, we synthesize a pentametallic PdPtNiBiCo alloy consisting of interconnected nanoparticles via a facile one-pot oil-phase method, aiming to maximize electrochemically accessible surface sites and trigger robust multimetallic synergy. This architecture delivers an exceptional alkaline ethanol oxidation activity of 16.64 A mg −1 Pd+Pt , 12 and 19 times higher than those of commercial Pd/C and Pt/C, respectively. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits robust antipoisoning durability over 4000 cycles and broad activity for methanol and ethylene glycol oxidation. Density functional theory calculations reveal that multimetallic synergy effectively modulates the d-band center of the active sites. Density functional theory calculations reveal that multimetallic synergy tunes the electronic structure of the active sites, optimizes the adsorption of key intermediates, and lowers the thermodynamic energy requirements for C−C bond cleavage and CO oxidation, thereby facilitating both the C1 and C2 pathways of ethanol oxidation. This work addresses the key limitation of traditional Pd/Pt-based catalysts and provides an effective strategy for designing high-performance universal DAFC anodes.
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CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
·
2026
·Vol. 26
·期 17
·7189-7200
·
IF 3.6
Chen Yuliang,Wang Qibo,Xu Qinqin,Wu Wenhua,Zhao Liwei,Cheng Tong,Yin Jianzhong
Three-dimensional MoS 2 structures provide
enriched interlayer
coupling, abundant edge/step sites, and thickness gradients, opening
opportunities for tailoring electronic and interfacial functionalities.
Controlled growth of pyramidal MoS 2 remains challenging
because its structure is governed by precursor supply, local supersaturation,
and secondary nucleation. Herein, we report a droplet-mediated vapor–liquid–solid
CVD strategy for the controllable growth of pyramidal MoS 2 using precursor-rich Na–Mo–O droplets as localized
precursor reservoirs and reaction interfaces. Statistical analysis
reveals a correlation between droplet diameter and pyramid lateral
size, indicating the strong coupling between droplet-mediated supply
and crystal growth. Combined classical nucleation theory and DFT calculations
support a supersaturation-governed growth transition. Under low effective
interfacial supersaturation, upper-step nucleation is less accessible
and lateral growth is favored, whereas increasing effective interfacial
supersaturation progressively facilitates secondary nucleation and
step stacking. KPFM further reveals a stepwise evolution of surface
potential along the thickness gradient. Despite the microscale channel
thickness and interlayer screening, back-gated transistors based on
pyramidal MoS 2 remain electrically addressable, exhibiting
apparent two-terminal field-effect mobilities of 4–6 cm 2 V –1 s –1 and on/off ratios
on the order of 10 3 . This work establishes a controllable
route to thickness-graded three-dimensional MoS 2 structures
and provides mechanistic insight into stacking growth in layered semiconductors.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 17
·17113-17124
·
IF 13.6
Wang Jiahao,Teng Rui,Sun Yunshuyu,Zhang Meng,Mao Yuxiang,Ma Ruixue,Wang Kangbo,Lv Hongkun,Zhang Kang,Chen Jiayin,Xia Rongxin,Cheng Jun
Molecularly dispersed cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) on carbon nanotubes can be used as an efficient catalyst for electrochemical CO 2 -to-methanol conversion. However, increasing the CoPc loading to enhance the current density typically induces aggregation, which compromises methanol selectivity. To overcome this limitation, a CNT-supported nitro-substituted CoPc electrocatalyst (nCoPc@CNT) that adopts a distinct molecular-cone configuration was developed in this work, differing from both molecularly dispersed and aggregated structures. Structural analyses confirm that this molecular-cone configuration increases the density of electrochemically accessible sites while maintaining favorable catalytic activity. Combined theoretical and experimental analyses suggest that the molecular-cone architecture establishes an optimized interfacial microenvironment, in which the electric-field enhancement predicted by COMSOL is associated with local K + enrichment and stabilization of the key *CO intermediate. Concurrently, interfacial water structures are reorganized to form a strengthened hydrogen bond network that promotes proton transport and accelerates *CO hydrogenation kinetics, as evidenced by a shortened DRT low-frequency relaxation time. Leveraging this microenvironment, the molecular-cone nCoPc@CNT catalyst achieves a methanol Faradaic efficiency of 64.4% at –0.98 V vs RHE and retains a Faradaic efficiency of 58.4% at 150 mA cm –2 in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) cell. This work presents a microenvironment-engineering strategy for selective electrochemical CO 2 reduction to methanol via cooperative interfacial tuning.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 16
·16055-16065
·
IF 13.6
Wang Yanlin,Gu Panpan,He Ruoyan,Xue Qizhou,Cheng Aofei,Liu Xiang,Zeng Shaojuan,Wang Min,Zhang Zhenlei,Zhang Kaihang,Feng Jiaqi,Zhang Xiangping
The electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) is a proton−electron coupled transfer process in which active hydrogen (*H) plays a pivotal role in determining the reaction pathways, particularly for methane (CH 4 ), a representative deep hydrogenation product. However, how *H generation and migration govern CH 4 formation remains elusive, motivating mechanistic elucidation to enable rational regulation of reverse hydrogen spillover. Herein, we develop Cu-doped ZrO 2 catalysts and reveal that tuning the crystallinity of the ZrO 2 support enables control over the reverse hydrogen spillover process. Specifically, amorphous ZrO 2 functions as an efficient “hydrogen pump” by promoting *H generation and lowering the migration barrier toward adjacent Cu sites, thereby strengthening the reverse hydrogen spillover effect. This effect establishes an optimal *H coverage for deep hydrogenation of CO 2 , thereby reducing the energy barriers for key intermediates along the CH 4 formation pathway. Consequently, the Cu-doped amorphous ZrO 2 catalyst delivers a CH 4 Faradaic efficiency of 69.3% with a partial current density of −372.8 mA cm −2 , significantly surpassing that of its crystalline analogue. This work highlights that engineering the crystallinity of metal oxide supports provides an effective strategy to regulate reverse hydrogen spillover in electrocatalysis, offering valuable insights into controlling catalytic activity and product selectivity.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 35
·20723-20730
·
IF 4.6
Cong Shenzhen,Sun Si,Wang Ming,Zhang Yijing,Shen Qin,Zhang Yatao,Pang Huan
Membrane-based separation technology holds great promise
for CO 2 capture, yet conventional membranes are often constrained
by the permeability-selectivity trade-off. In this study, we developed
a zirconium-cluster (Zr 6 )-incorporated ZIF-8 membrane via
an electrochemical synthesis strategy to address this limitation.
The resulting Zr 6 @ZIF-8 composite membrane exhibits high
crystallinity, a dense microstructure, and homogeneous dispersion
of Zr 6 clusters within the ZIF-8 framework. The optimized
Zr 6 @ZIF-8–2 membrane demonstrates outstanding CO 2 separation performance with a CO 2 permeance of
up to 300.0 gas permeation unit and CO 2 /N 2 and
CO 2 /CH 4 selectivities of 27.0 and 14.8, respectively.
The Zr 6 clusters enable effective structural regulation
of ZIF-8 membranes, resulting in enhanced CO 2 separation
performance and leading to improved diffusion selectivity. Furthermore,
the membrane shows a stable separation performance under varying feed
pressures and temperatures, along with excellent long-term operational
stability. This work provides an effective electrochemical approach
for fabricating high-performance MOF-based membranes, offering a promising
candidate for industrial CO 2 capture and natural-gas purification.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 35
·15995-16008
·
IF 7.6
Zhang Wenlin,Liang Siqi,Ma Chuanguo,Liu Yuqi
Multifunctional benzoxazine resins with high‑rigidity skeletons have gained widespread research interest owing to their comprehensive performance advantages, but their monomers typically suffer from high melting points and poor solubility. To address this issue, three multifunctional benzoxazines, DATR-fa, DAHT-fa, and DPAHT-fa, were synthesized in the green solvent ethanol using biomass-derived phenolic acids, phenolic alcohols, and furfurylamines. All three monomers exhibit low melting points (81, 93, and 61 ° C), which are attributed to the introduction of ester groups and short alkyl chains that weaken molecular rigidity and packing regularity. Through thermal curing, three cured resins, poly(DATR-fa), poly(DAHT-fa), and poly(DPAHT-fa), were prepared, all of which exhibit excellent heat resistance (glass transition temperatures of 266, 286, and 296 ° C), high thermal stability (initial decomposition temperatures of 353, 341, and 359 ° C), and good flame-retardant properties (heat release capacity (HRC) values of 65.4, 46.4, and 61.8 J/(g·K), total heat release (THR) values of 6.4, 4.7, and 5.0 kJ/g, and UL-94 ratings of V1, V0, and V1, respectively). Furthermore, a detailed study was conducted on the flame-retardant mechanism of these polybenzoxazine resins. This work offers new guidelines for designing multifunctional benzoxazine resins featuring balanced processability, thermal stability, and intrinsic flame retardancy.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 35
·47618-47628
·
IF 7.8
Zhang Zhao,Li Renjie,Ding Zhao,Wang Sa,Du Aoxuan,Wang Dan,Xie Wei
The development of efficient and reversible ammonia (NH 3 ) adsorbents is crucial for advancing ammonia fuel cell technology. Key challenges in the ammonia adsorption–desorption process include achieving high uptake/release efficiency, favorable kinetics, and stable cycling lifetime. Herein, we report a strategy to prepare high-performance ammonia adsorbents by partially etching metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with tannic acid (TA). Partial etching by protonated TA not only exposes metal active sites but also chelates metal ions, significantly enhancing both the adsorption capacity and the stability during adsorption–desorption cycles. This strategy retains the high specific surface area of the micropores and the chelating functional groups while alleviating premature pore blockage caused by capillary condensation of ammonia on the material surface, thereby improving adsorption kinetics. The partially etched ZIF-67 achieves a reversible capacity as high as 58 mmol g –1 at 298 K and 7 bar, theoretically corresponding to a hydrogen content of 7.5%. The generated hierarchical pore network facilitates ammonia desorption, reducing the temperature and energy required for regeneration, with complete desorption achieved at 364 K. Moreover, the partially etched MOF exhibits excellent ammonia adsorption selectivity, offering a new approach for the purification of industrial exhaust gases. In situ infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal that the enhanced adsorption arises from weak chemisorption, benefiting from an increased density of adsorption sites within the engineered pore environment. This strategy provides a new avenue for designing integrated, efficient, and safe systems for ammonia fuel storage and release.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 6
Jiahui Fan,Fengxiang Liang,Qingshuo Liu,Zongyuan Cao,Zhuo Zhang,Bin Chen,Peng Zhang
S-CeNiFe LDH/NiS 2 enhances the durability of seawater splitting. • Sacrificial NiS 2 nanoparticles protect catalyst from Cl- corrosion. • Sulphuration and Ce atoms mitigate the loss of Ni/Fe during seawater splitting. • Downshifted d-band optimizes the OER and suppresses ClER. The development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts to overcome chloride corrosion is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production via alkaline seawater electrolysis. Herein, a Ce-doped NiFe LDH heterostructure (S-CeNiFe LDH/NiS 2 ) was synthesized and exhibited enhanced bifunctional activity for both the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER/HER) in alkaline seawater (1 M KOH + natural seawater), along with seawater corrosion resistance by the sacrificial NiS 2 nanoparticles. The optimized S-Ce 0.4 NiFe LDH/NiS 2 requires low overpotentials of only 310 mV for OER and 290 mV for HER at 100 mA cm -2 , surpassing both unsulfurated CeNiFe LDH and bare NiFe LDH. It also shows smaller Tafel slopes and maintains excellent stability over 100 h with minimal decay. The sacrificial role of NiS 2 in protecting LDHs is confirmed by its structural and chemical evolution alongside attenuated seawater decomposition. Performance enhancement stems from heterostructure synergy: expanded surface area, accelerated charge transfer, Ce doping-induced electronic modulation, and conductive NiS 2 for HER. This work addresses critical challenges in direct seawater splitting for scalable hydrogen production. Download: Download high-res image (264KB) Download: Download full-size image
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