ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2019
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IF 6.97
Qian Yao,Ying Zhang,Yao Fu
We report on catalytic fast pyrolysis microalgae under ammonia atmosphere into acetonitrile over Ga/HZSM-5, which provides a long-term sustainable option for acetonitrile production and microalgae valorization. The effect of various catalysts, reaction conditions and species of microalgae on acetonitrile production was explored systematically. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum carbon yield of acetonitrile from Chlorella vulgaris was 23.4%, and the selectivity of acetonitrile in bio-oil was up to 77.2%. The possible reaction pathways were proposed according to the comprehensive experimental investigation on the conversion of model compounds and intermediates (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, carboxylic acids, furans, and amines). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that Ga was present mainly at the outer surface of zeolite crystals, and a small amount of Ga was doped into the zeolite crystals.
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高影响因子
Energies
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2018
·Vol. 11
·期 2
·351
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IF 2.676
Wei Huang,Junkui Jin,Guangdong Wen,Qiwei Yang,Baogen Su,Qilong Ren
It is important to convert alkane-rich gases, such as coke oven gas, to value-added chemicals rather than direct emission or combustion. Abundant nitrogen/oxygen substances are present in the actual alkane-rich gases. However, the research about how they influence the conversion in the pyrolysis process is missing. In this work, a systematic investigation on the effect of various nitrogen/oxygen-containing substances, including N2, CO, and CO2,on the pyrolysis of CH4to C2H2was performed by a self-made 50 kW rotating arc thermal plasma reactor, and the pyrolysis of a simulated coke oven gas as a model of alkane-rich mixing gas was conducted as well. It was found that the presence of N2and CO2was not conducive to the main reaction of alkane pyrolysis for C2H2, while CO, as a stable equilibrium product, had little effect on the cracking reaction. Consequently, it is suggested that a pretreatment process of removing N2and CO2should be present before pyrolysis. Both input power and feed rate had considerable effect on the pyrolysis of the simulated coke oven gas, and a C2H2selectivity of 91.2% and a yield of 68.3% could be obtained at an input power of 17.9 kW.Keywords:thermal plasma;pyrolysis;alkane-rich gas;acetylene;coke oven gas
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高影响因子
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
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2018
·
IF 3.956
Huamei Yang,Koyo Norinaga,Ji Li,Wenyou Zhu,Haijun Wang
This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effect of HZSM-5 on the distribution of volatile products, especially carbon monoxide (CO), C 1 –C 5 hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) during catalytic pyrolysis of lignin and lignin model compounds. Catechol was pyrolyzed using a two-stage tubular reactor (TS-TR) connected to a gas chromatography system over HZSM-5 at 550–950 °C. Forty-three products, including four inorganic gases, twenty C 1 –C 5 hydrocarbons, and nine AHs were quantified using three GC-columns. Results indicated that HZSM-5 accelerated the catechol conversion with a large amount of CO and AHs produced. C 1 –C 5 hydrocarbons were formed during non-catalytic pyrolysis of model compounds, and consumed quickly during HZSM-5 catalytic pyrolysis of catechol. Catalytic pyrolysis of phenol , guaiacol and syringol was carried out at 650 °C in the TS-TR over HZSM-5. HZSM-5 obviously promoted the conversion of lignin model compounds, and largely increased the yield of volatile products especially CO and AHs. Three lignin samples were also catalytically pyrolyzed over HZSM-5 in the TS-TR at 650 °C. HZSM-5 increased the yield of C 2 -C 3 hydrocarbons and AHs, and reduced the yield of oxygenated compounds. HZSM-5 could promote the formation of AHs (lower than 10 wt%) during lignin pyrolysis, but not as obviously as during model compounds pyrolysis (higher than 19 wt%). High yields of char and tar would account for the low catalytic efficiency of HZSM-5 during lignin pyrolysis.
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高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
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2019
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IF 4.12
Bin Hu,Qiang Lu,Zhen-Xi Zhang,Yu-Ting Wu,Kai Li,Chang-Qing Dong,Yong-Ping Yang
The fast pyrolysis mechanism of xylose , xylobiose and xylan was investigated with combined fast pyrolysis experiments and quantum chemistry calculations. The results indicate that acyclic d -xylose is an important intermediate for the formation of the major pyrolytic products in xylose pyrolysis, i.e., 1,4-anhydro- d -xylopyranose (ADX), furfural (FF) and hydroxyacetaldehyde (HAA). ADX derives from the successive cyclization of d -xylose which is the only source for ADX formation. 3-Deoxy-xylose is the most important intermediate for FF formation. HAA results from the C C bond scission by retro-aldol and cyclic Grob fragment. In addition, the five-membered intermediate derived from the ring-contraction reaction can transform into FF with high selectivity. The dehydrated xylose is also another source for HAA formation. The fast pyrolysis mechanism of xylobiose is similar to that of xylose, and thus similar pyrolytic product distribution can be obtained from them. However, the pyrolytic products of xylan differ significantly from those of xylose and xylobiose, which is ascribed to its high degree of polymerization and the branches in it.
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高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
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2015
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IF 4.38
Zhi-bo Zhang,Qiang Lu,Xiao-ning Ye,Wen-tao Li,Bin Hu,Chang-qing Dong
A magnetic solid base catalyst (potassium phosphate/ferroferric oxide) was prepared and used for catalytic fast pyrolysis of poplar wood to selectively produce phenolic-rich bio-oil. Pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of pyrolysis temperature and catalyst-to-biomass ratio on the product distribution. The actual yields of important pyrolytic products were quantitatively determined by the external standard method. Moreover, recycling experiments were performed to determine the re-utilization abilities of the catalyst. The results showed that the catalyst exhibited promising activity to selectively produce phenolic-rich bio-oil, due to its capability of promoting the decomposition of lignin to generate phenolic compounds and meanwhile inhibiting the devolatilization of holocellulose. The maximal phenolic yield was obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C and catalyst-to-biomass ratio of 2. The concentration of the phenolic compounds increased monotonically along with the increasing of the catalyst-to-biomass ratio, with the peak area% value increasing from 28.1% in the non-catalytic process to as high as 68.5% at the catalyst-to-biomass ratio of 7. The maximal total actual yield of twelve quantified major phenolic compounds was 43.9 mg/g, compared with the value of 29.0 mg/g in the non-catalytic process. In addition, the catalyst could be easily recovered and possessed promising recycling properties.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
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2017
·Vol. 41
·期 14
·2063-2073
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IF 2.598
Haimiao Yu,Tong Ma,Yalan Shen,Dezhen Chen
Summary The study aims to analyze catalytic tar destruction, evaluate the activity of the Ni-based catalyst supported by waste iron slag, and obtain clean pyrolysis syngas. The effects of different nickel loadings, catalytic temperatures, and catalyst calcination temperatures on volatile were investigated in order to determine the optimal process condition. The analysis results showed that the iron slag Ni-based catalyst had a relatively low specific surface area. However, it showed an excellent resistance performance to the coke deposition and displayed the high tar removal ability. Moreover, the tar conversion and the yield of syngas were significantly affected by nickel loadings. When the nickel loading reached 3%, the tar dew point was decreased by nearly 100 °C and the tar conversion reached 94.84%. The favorable reaction temperature was about 800 °C based on the consideration of energy consumption and the catalytic performance. Calcination temperature affected tar yield and syngas yield. The application of iron slag in nickel catalyst realized the reutilization of waste materials, indicating significant practical values. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 13.2
Qingyuan Cao,Hanqi Qian,Tao Liu,Nan Li,Yudong Huang,Dawei Jiang,Bo Jiang
Polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) endowed with outstanding mechanical properties, chemical and thermal resistance are highly demanded for applications in extreme environments, whereas their practical applications have constantly been constrained by structural collapse and the brittle nature of ceramics at high temperatures. A novel methodology was proposed to boost the growth efficiency of SiC nanowires by one-step pyrolysis prepared heterostructure promoter in situ during the process of PDCs. The quantity and dispersibility of heterogeneous promoter have been markedly enhanced through one-step pyrolysis. Furthermore, the heterostructure promoter prepared via ligand exchange between ferrocene and Zr atoms exhibited nano-flower structure and greater specific surface area, thereby possessing higher adsorption capacity for reaction intermediates by providing more reaction sites. This was accountable for the enhancement of growth efficiency of nanowires and gave rise to the formation of a crack-free ceramics phase with higher strength, lower brittleness and multifunctionality. The yield of ceramics attained 87.84% under the impact of the heterogeneous promoter. In contrast to other promoter, heterogeneous promoter was capable of promoting a greater number of SiC nanowires with higher aspect ratios and more homogeneous distribution. Furthermore, SiC nanowires featuring core-shell structure were grown in hybrid resin by heterostructure promoter during the process of PDCs. The successful fabrication of this heterogeneous promoter offered a promising perspective for the emerging responsive ceramifiable technology.
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Carbon Letters
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2025
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IF 5.8
Ren Fuyang,Zhu Hongze,Pan Haoran,Tian Lu,Wang Tao,Yu Jianglong,Dou Jinxiao,Wu Dongling,Chen Xingxing
The high value-added utilization of traditional coal resources is one of the important ways to achieve the strategic goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Simultaneously, coal-based carbon materials, noted for their cost-effectiveness, superior conductivity, and inherent stability, are emerging as promising candidates for next-generation capacitor technologies. This research presents a series of coal-derived porous carbon by pyrolysis using low rank lignite as raw material and KOH as activator, which are employed in symmetrical supercapacitors filled with liquid electrolytes. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared electrode materials are characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and their supercapacitive performance are evaluated through cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge tests. The coal-based porous carbon electrode prepared at an activation temperature of 800 °C (KOH-800) exhibits a specific capacitance of 142.2 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 , and retaining 80% of its capacitance (114.0 F g −1 ) even at 10 A g −1 . The fabricated liquid supercapacitor displays a power density of 999.8 W kg −1 and an energy density of 19.4 Wh kg −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 . Undergoing 10,000 cycles at 2 A g −1 , the supercapacitor maintains near-perfect capacitance retention and coulombic efficiency close to 100%, demonstrating its excellent durability and stability for supercapacitor applications.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
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2024
·
IF 9
Hong Tian,Rui Zhu,Guangming Zhu,Jiawei Wang,Yi Cheng
The limitation in bio-oil quality hampers its further utilization in the fuel or chemical industry. This study employed a combination of tetra propylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) and NaOH solutions for HZSM-5 desilication to enhance the yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the catalytic co-pyrolysis of wheat straw with polyethylene. Results revealed hierarchical HZSM-5, prepared with equal mole concentrations of NaOH and TPAOH, exhibited optimal catalytic performance. The bio-oil from this process had an aromatic content of 72 %, with monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) constituting 56.26 %. Further optimization was achieved through iron modification of hierarchical HZSM-5. The addition of 0.5 % iron-modified hierarchical HZSM-5 increased the aromatic hydrocarbons to 80.57 %, with BTX compounds (benzene, toluene, and xylene) reaching a selectivity of 61.9 %. This approach reduced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), contributing to less coke formation, presenting a promising method for high-quality bio-oil.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2024
·
IF 8.1
Guangyu Lei,Jiawen Wu,Lihong Qin,Shun Wu,Fengbao Zhang,Xiaobin Fan,Wenchao Peng,Yang Li
The development of efficient, durable and inexpensive materials as alternatives to precious-metal-based catalyst towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is extremely desirable but challenging. Herein, a facile hydrogel-bridged pyrolysis strategy was presented to construct N-doped graphene embedded with Fe 2 N nanoparticles (NPs) as an efficient ORR catalyst. By virtue of the synergistic contribution of enhanced mass transfer derived from graphene hydrogel network and intrinsic catalytic activity of well-dispersed Fe 2 N NPs, the as-prepared Fe 2 N/NC-1 exhibits exceptional activity and durability for ORR with an onset potential of 1.06 V and a half-wave potential of 0.90 V vs RHE in 0.1 M KOH, which outperforms the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, the carbon-shell structure around the Fe 2 N NPs can be clearly identified, which could benefit the long-term durability, and significantly preserve the catalytic activity and selectivity in acidic media. This work provides an effective method and insightful exploration for the design of non-precious-metal carbon-based electrocatalysts and their application in efficient energy conversion.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.1
Wang Dechao,Yang Xinyu,Huang Haihan,Wu Kaiyue,Zheng Jie,Yao quan,Lin Jian,Huang Yuanbo,Liu Peng,Wang Duo,Ye Yueyuan,Zheng Zhifeng
Biomass, as a renewable resource, holds great significance in its conversion into valuable chemicals or fuels, representing a crucial avenue for its utilization. Nevertheless, catalytic pyrolysis currently faces constraints, demanding further enhancements in both the selectivity of target products and the recyclability of catalysts. Herein, we reported an innovative in-situ combined with ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis strategy by using red mud loaded with cobalt (Co/RM) and activated carbon (AC) as the catalyst for this combined catalytic pyrolysis system. By optimization of process conditions, the selectivity of furans was further improved significantly. The results showed that with a combined catalytic system constituted of Co/RM and Co/RM + AC, under conditions of a pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C, a catalytic temperature of 500 °C, and a mass ratio of catalyst to raw material of 20:1, the selectivity of furans can be increased to 80.1 %. Remarkably, this combined catalytic system exhibits excellent catalytic activity for furans production even after 20 cycles of operation. Moreover, the established combined catalytic system is capable of converting tobacco, bamboo, and wood into furans with more than 100 % increasement. These results suggest that this novel strategy harbors broad application prospects and has the potential to catalyze more efficient exploitation of biomass resources.
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WASTE MANAGEMENT
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2024
·
IF 7.1
Pengpeng Luan,Tiecheng Liu,Jinglan Wang,Beibei Yan,Guanyi Chen,Zhanjun Cheng
In this study, ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of oxygen-containing polycarbonate (PC) was conducted to prepare carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and H 2 -rich syngas. This study examined the influence of the active metal components (Ni and Fe), catalyst pre-reduction, and pre-deoxygenation of pyrolysis volatiles on the catalytic performance and mechanism. Results show that the reductive constituents in pyrolysis volatiles make it difficult to reduce the Fe oxides, thus hindering the CNTs growth on Fe catalysts, compared to Ni catalysts. H 2 pre-reduction of Ni and Fe catalysts enhances the generation of CNTs and syngas. The pre-reduced Fe catalyst exhibits better carbon deposit performance, reaching 263 mg/g plastics . The pre-reduced Ni catalyst better facilitates the reforming reaction of CO 2 and H 2 O, resulting in higher syngas yields of 32.75 mmol/g plastics , with a volume proportion of 94.4 vol%. The addition of the deoxygenation catalyst Ni/HZSM-5 promotes the growth of CNTs with fewer defects and higher graphitization on Ni catalysts. The excess CO 2 and H 2 O generated by the introduction of Ni/HZSM-5 may oxidize the Fe 0 on pre-reduced Fe catalysts, inhibiting the growth of CNTs. The mechanism of the growth of CNTs and syngas from PC is also explored. The findings can provide theoretical guidance for the disposal of waste plastics.
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PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）