FUEL
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2025
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IF 7.5
Yuanyuan Cui,Gang Fu,Jiaxing Wen,Li Yang,Jiaxu Zhang,Jianmin Sun
The direct synthesis of cyclic carbonates from olefins involves a tandem process of olefin epoxidation and CO 2 cycloaddition, but designing a single catalyst with multiple active sites remains a challenge. In this work, a series of dual ligands quaternized Zr-based MOFs (Zr-Bpydc(Py + Br − )/CoTCPP-x, x = 1–5) were successfully synthesized by co-assembling 2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxylic acid (Bpydc) and cobalt(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (CoTCPP) with Zr 6 clusters, followed by post-synthetic quaternization to incorporate nucleophilic Br − sites. Among them, Zr-Bpydc(Py + Br − )/CoTCPP-4 exhibited the best catalytic performance under mild reaction conditions (80 °C, 1.0 MPa, 12 h), achieving styrene conversion of 94.2 % and styrene carbonate (SC) selectivity of 66.5 %, significantly outperforming most previously reported heterogeneous catalytic systems under cocatalyst-free conditions. The excellent catalytic activity was attributed to the synergistic effect among redox-active Co 2+ sites, Lewis acidic Zr 4+ and Co 2+ sites, Br − sites, and basic pyridyl sites. Importantly, the catalyst also demonstrated broad substrate applicability and good recyclability, with negligible activity loss over five consecutive cycles. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidated the energy profile and reaction pathway of the styrene oxidative carboxylation reaction, revealing the cooperative roles of multiple active sites in both epoxidation and CO 2 cycloaddition reactions. Therefore, this work proposes a strategy based on the synergy of multiple active sites for developing efficient and recyclable heterogeneous MOF catalysts for CO 2 conversion.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Yangshuo Liu,Yaotian Yan,Feiyu Xu,Liang Qiao,Jiehe Sui,Wei Cai,Xiaohang Zheng
The activation of the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism is vital for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance as it enables direct O–O bond formation, avoiding the *OOH formation. Compared with the conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM), the lattice oxygen-mediated mechanism (LOM) can break the theoretical limit of conventional adsorbate-based scaling relations and enhance the oxygen evolution reaction kinetics. Thus, there is an urgent need for an efficient strategy for designing OER electrocatalysts based on LOM. The O p band center is employed as descriptor in conjunction with machine learning to facilitate the activation of lattice oxygen. The descriptor can accelerate the catalyst design process as it circumvents the need for complex intermediate calculations. According to predictions, the Fe-Co 3 O 4 catalyst exhibits OER performance comparable to that of noble metal catalysts. The Fe-Co 3 O 4 catalyst achieves a low overpotential of 258 mV at 20 mA cm -2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 , attributed to the shift in catalytic mechanism from AEM to LOM.The incorporation of Fe effectively induces an upshift in the O p band center and weakens the Co–O bond, thereby promoting direct O–O coupling for O 2 generation and consequently reducing the OER overpotential. Our study introduces a method to activate the lattice oxygen of metal oxide electrocatalysts, holding substantial promise for enhancing large-scale hydrogen production.
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高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2025
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IF 5
Kunzhong He,Dongming Zhang,Menglai Wang,Runzhe Liu
A self–made cyclic modified fatty acid soaps (CMFAS) was used as a collector for the reverse flotation of phosphate rock for the first time. Pure mineral tests indicate that at a CMFAS dosage of 800 g/t, the phosphorus concentrate achieved a P 2 O 5 grade of 25.43 %, a recovery of 90.83 %, an MgO grade of 0.42 %, and a recovery of 13.52 %, demonstrating relatively good performance. When 1200 g/t NaOL was used, the phosphorus concentrate had a P 2 O 5 grade of 25.18 %, a recovery of 52.07 %, an MgO grade of 1.68 %, and a recovery of 30.56 %. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) analysis revealed the formation of a new complex when dolomite reacted with CMFAS, accompanied by a new absorption peak in the infrared spectrum. Conversely, no new absorption peaks were observed for CMFAS and apatite. Zeta potential test results showed that the collector addition shifted the isoelectric points of both dolomite and apatite in a negative direction, with the most pronounced shift observed in the dolomite–CMFAS system at 53.88 mV. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that the sulfonic acid group of CMFAS preferentially adsorbs onto dolomite, with an adsorption energy of 85.37 kJ·mol −1 , significantly higher than the 31.32 kJ·mol −1 observed for apatite. Although NaOL also reacts with dolomite, its interaction with apatite is more pronounced. The adsorption energy between NaOL and dolomite (73.91 kJ·mol −1 ) exceeds that of apatite (35.67 kJ·mol −1 ). Therefore, CMFAS is a promising reverse flotation collector for apatite, ensuring phosphate recovery while effectively removing magnesium minerals.
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高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2025
·
IF 7.3
Zhihao Zhang,Jinpeng Liu,Jinxu Teng,Junchao Huang,Yuhua Wang
As a biodegradable and non-petrochemical produced polymer, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films have great potential in packaging fields due to their excellent oil resistance, gas barrier capacity, and mechanical performance. Yet the high flammability of PVA films always draws the fire risks even at an instant contact with fire or voltaic arc, which is demanding the fireproof ability. The traditional method of adding inorganic flame retardants and organic phosphate ester will raise mechanical problems, opacity, and food toxicity that shall not be utilized in the future. Herein, we propose a multiple cross-linking method by introducing bio-based β-cyclodextrin (CD) and phytic acid (PA) to endow PVA composite film (PCP) the fireproof and antibacterial capacity and retain the mechanical properties and transmittance. The results indicated that due to the catalytic charring effect of PA and CD, the peak heat release rate and total heat release of PCP 0.25 decreased by 63.3 % and 38.8 %, respectively. The char residues increased from 6.1 to 32.1 wt% and reached to UL-94 V-0 rating. Thanks to the physically cross-linked network formed by CD and PVA and the chemically cross-linked network formed by PA and PVA, the tensile strength and elongation at break of PCP 0.25 increased from 61.6 MPa and 224.3 % for PVA to 87.6 MPa and 382.0 %, respectively. The transmittance of PCP 0.25 in the visible light range was almost identical to that of pure PVA. While its ultraviolet light transmittance was below 10 %, demonstrating excellent transparency and UV-shielding property. In vitro antibacterial tests, due to the abundant phosphate groups in PCP 0.25 , enzymes on the surface of bacterial cell walls could be deactivated, leading to bacterial lysis and death, thereby exhibiting inhibitory effects against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Moreover, compared to the commercial food preservation materials, the composite film shows better water vapor barrier ability, which also shows excellent fire resistance, presenting the great prospective in food preservation.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
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IF 7.5
Huanhuan Gao,Daolun Liang,Yadong Sun,Jianzhong Liu
To address space constraints in solid rocket motors, this study investigates Al–Ti, Al–Zr, and Al–Mo alloys. Their high density enhances energy release per unit volume. Multidimensional analyses—thermal oxidation behavior, ignition/combustion characteristics, and agglomeration properties—were conducted to elucidate how high-density alloys influence Al-based propellant combustion performance and energy release. Results show these high-density alloys exhibit shorter ignition delay time and combustion time, effectively increasing the propellant burning rate of propellants while reducing the pressure exponent. Titration measurements reveal combustion efficiencies of 84.28% (A), 87.33% (AT), 86.79% (AZ), and 85.91% (AM). Among them, Al–Zr demonstrates the most significant optimization effect on combustion performance. Due to the low ignition threshold, Al–Ti significantly suppresses agglomerate formation and accelerates the combustion. Meanwhile, Al–Mo enhances the transport efficiency of oxidizing gases through the phase-change sublimation mechanism of MoO 3 , indirectly boosting combustion efficiency. Furthermore, this work reveals the synergistic mechanisms by which high-density alloys optimize propellant combustion performance via multiple factors. The findings confirm the technical feasibility of simultaneously achieving superior combustion performance, high energy output, and effective agglomeration suppression, providing theoretical and technological guidance for developing advanced high-energy-density solid propellants.
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高影响因子
Materials Science and Engineering B-Advanced Functional Solid-State Materials
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2025
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IF 4.6
Zhongxiao Zhao,Song Xu,Hao Jiang,Ting Chen,Xianglong Zhao,Bo Yang,Luyan Li,Qiang Zhang
Pd-based multimetallic electrocatalysts with well-defined architecture demonstrate considerable potential for enhancing the MOR, attributable to their significant synergistic effects. However, achieving controllable synthesis of Pd-based multimetallic alloys to effectively exploit their structural and elemental compositions advantages for enhanced electrocatalytic performance remains a significant challenge. In this work, we develop a universal approach for synthesizing three-dimensional (3D) PdCuRuMoNi multimetallic nanosheets (NSs). The as-prepared 3D PdCuRuMoNi architecture possesses abundant rapid mass transport pathways and superior utilization efficiency, which is beneficial for the MOR. Notably, the optimized PdCuRuMoNi catalyst demonstrates exceptional mass activity (1621.7 mA·mg Pd −1 ) and specific activity (6.3 mA·cm −2 ) in alkaline media, achieving 4.7-fold and 4.2-fold enhancements relative to Pd/C, respectively. Meanwhile, the as-prepared PdCuRuMoNi catalyst also exhibits high stability. This work highlights the capability of multicomponent alloy nanosheets to significantly improve the electrocatalytic MOR performance.
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高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2025
·
IF 7.3
Xin Liu,Lu Jiang,Qiushi Li,Yan Dong,Yifan Lv,XinYi Li,LongXu Liu
Corrosion of carbon steel can result in serious damage, limiting its application in various fields. Considerable protective coatings have been proposed, but they are limited by difficulties in repairing and early warning of coating damage and local metal corrosion. Herein, a dual-functional smart anti-corrosion coating with integrated self-healing and self-warning capabilities was designed and fabricated. Firstly, the MBT + CVL@Fe 3 O 4 composite was prepared by loading corrosion inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and fluorescent probe crystal violet lactone (CVL) into mesoporous Fe 3 O 4 microspheres. The system demonstrated a stimulus-responsive release of MBT, providing effective corrosion inhibition for Q235 steel. Subsequently, the MBT + CVL@Fe 3 O 4 composite was incorporated as a functional filler into a shape memory epoxy (EP) coating. The results showed that the optimum addition amount of filler was 2 wt% because the MBT + CVL@Fe 3 O 4( 2% ) /EP coating presented the smoother surface, maximum water contact angle, and impedance value under damaged conditions. Based on the photothermal effect of Fe 3 O 4 -based filler combined with the shape memory effect of epoxy resin, when irradiated for 60 s, the surface temperature of the scratched MBT + CVL@Fe 3 O 4( 2% ) /EP was about 55 °C, exceeding its glass transition temperature ( T g ≈ 49.5 °C). Consequently, the scratch width was markedly reduced, demonstrating effective self-healing of the external coating damage. Moreover, when the coating damage even caused local corrosion of the metal substrate and changes in the pH of the corroded area, the corrosion inhibitor MBT was responsively released, forming a protective film layer to protect the metal substrate from further degradation. The low-frequency impedance |Z| 0.01 Hz values of scratched pure epoxy coating (EP), scratched MBT + CVL@Fe 3 O 4( 2% ) /EP and photothermal healed scratched MBT + CVL@Fe 3 O 4( 2% ) /EP immersed in 3.5 % NaCl solution for 120 h were 4.98 × 10 4 Ω·cm 2 , 4.78 × 10 5 Ω·cm 2 and 1.31 × 10 6 Ω·cm 2 , respectively, which fully illustrated the dual repair function of the coating. Additionally, the CVL loaded in the filler provided the fluorescence color rendering performance of the coating. Under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp, the bright blue fluorescence signal can be displayed at the coating damage site, effectively predicting the coating damage. Moreover, CVL can produce fluorescence quenching when localized corrosion occurs on the metal substrate, warning of early corrosion. These results prove the self-warning performance of the anti-corrosive coating.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Yang Zhang,Huibin Liu,Shiyang Hu,Wuwan Xiong,Zishan Feng,Yuxing Huang,Bo Zhang,Xiang Li,Fei Li
This study investigates the catalytic pyrolysis of bagasse, a major agricultural waste, for high-yield hydrogen production using metal acetates (Ni, K, Na). An incipient wetness impregnation method was employed to synthesize metal-loaded bagasse, with nickel demonstrating superior catalytic performance. At an optimal loading of 5 wt% Ni, a maximum hydrogen yield of 87.8 mmol/g was achieved at 800 °C, significantly higher than yields from Na and K. The formation of highly dispersed Ni species was evidenced by XRD and SEM-Mapping. FTIR revealed Ni species facilitate selective cleavage of C–H and O–H bonds, and Raman verified Ni promotes ordered carbon rearrangement, favoring highly graphitized carbon. TPO-MS demonstrated the improved hydrogen evolution behavior in the presence of Ni. Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the C K -edge and Ni L -edge further revealed that the highly dispersed Ni species anchored on graphitic carbon matrices served as active sites for hydrogen evolution. The Ni-modified catalyst also significantly improved hydrogen yield during the pyrolysis of other tropical agricultural residues (durian shell and coconut shell), demonstrating broad applicability. The findings establish a sustainable and efficient strategy for hydrogen-rich syngas production from biomass, highlighting the potential of nickel-acetate in enabling low-carbon energy from widespread agro-industrial wastes.
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高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2025
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IF 5.8
Lingzi Xiao,Pengfei Yuan,Jiahua Mo,Yanhong Su,Guangxue Chen
This study presents a novel strategy for filling the three-dimensional porous structure of the loofah sponge with trehalose to fabricate more structure within and on the surface of the loofah fibers. The trehalose filling and subsequent KOH activation collaboratively tailor the pore structure, significantly enhancing mesoporosity and specific surface area. The optimized loofah-trehalose carbon exhibits a superior pore structure characterized by a higher specific surface area (3188.54 m 3 g −1 ), larger total pore volume (1.65 cm 3 g −1 ), and an increased average pore size (2.38 nm) compared to the trehalose-free sample. This structural advantage contributes to its exceptional electrochemical performance: a high specific capacitance of 319.0 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 in a three-electrode system and 308.8 F g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 in a symmetric supercapacitor. Notably, the device demonstrates outstanding cycling stability with 104.3 % capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles and reduced equivalent series resistance. This work provides a sustainable and effective pore-regulation method for developing high-performance biomass-derived carbon materials.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Dan Zhang,Maowei Luo,Xianming Zhu,Faisal Irshad,Hamzah A.S.M. Yaseen,Chao Mu,Yong Wang,Shengping Wang,Xinbin Ma
CO 2 hydrogenation to formate is a crucial process for achieving carbon neutrality. A biomass-derived N and P co-doped carbon-supported Pd catalyst (Pd/CNP) was fabricated. N and P co-doping could enhance the catalytic performance by modulating Pd electron cloud density (the Pd 0 /(Pd 2+ +Pd 0 ) ratio), promoting Pd dispersion, and increasing the content of pyrrole-N, which promoted the dissociation of H 2 and the adsorption and activation of CO 2 . Due to the strong interaction between Pd and the heteroatoms of N and P, the Pd/CNP catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity (TON = 1655) in samples with different doping and pyrolysis temperatures. Kinetic analysis showed that Pd/CNP reduced the activation energy of CO 2 hydrogenation to formate compared with that of Pd/C. The kinetic equation of Pd/CNP is R’= k·M NEt3-CO2 0.65 ·P H2 1.21 (NEt 3 refers to triethylamine), and NEt 3 -CO 2 is a better choice of carbon source for hydrogenation than bicarbonate and CO 2 , which is obviously different from that of Pd/C catalyst.
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高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2025
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IF 5
Yusufujiang Mubula,Mingming Yu,Huashan Yan,Heyue Niu,Kun Xu,Zhehan Zhu,Jingzhong Kuang,Guangjun Mei
Rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag (RMES) contains abundant rare earth elements (REEs) and is a valuable secondary resource. However, conventional approaches to recovering REEs from RMES are hindered by high energy consumption, environmental pollution, and lengthy processing times. This study presents an ultrasonic enhanced (USE) atmospheric pressure alkaline leaching process, which integrates ultrasonic cavitation with concentrated NaOH to realize efficient phase reconstruction of fluorinated rare earth compounds. Under optimized conditions (60 wt% NaOH initial concentration, NaOH-to-slag mass ratio of 3:1, reaction temperature of 130 °C, ultrasonic power of 1440 W, reaction time of 70 min, and stirring speed of 100 r/min), the leaching recovery of neodymium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr) reached 96.22 % and 95.21 %, respectively, representing a 60 % improvement compared to conventional heating (COH) process. Mechanistic analysis shows that ultrasound helps reduce particle size, increase local reaction temperature (up to 172 °C), and generate reactive oxygen components. These effects collectively accelerate the conversion of fluorinated rare earth compounds (NdF 3 , PrOF) to hydroxides (Nd(OH) 3 , Pr(OH) 3 ). This method can eliminate the emission of toxic gases (HF) and reduce energy input, providing a green and efficient approach for recovering rare earth elements from secondary resources.
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高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
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IF 9.8
Nan Zhou,Long Xia,Jingwei Li,Hongyan Zhang,Naiyu Jiang,Wenbo Liu,Dongxing Zhang
To address the inherent trade-off between electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and impact resistance, this study proposes a hierarchical dual-scale decoupling strategy. (1) Macro-scale spatial decoupling: Asymmetric distribution of aramid fibers (AFs) for the impact-resistant layer and carbon fibers for the EMI shielding layer in polyetheretherketone (PEEK) matrix, (2) Micro-scale EMI decoupling: Dual-layer CF architecture comprising MXene/PEI-CB interfacial engineered absorption layer (top) and MXene modified high-conductivity reflection substrate (bottom). Specifically, the strategy synergizes with AF surface modification via PI/CNT-COOH/ANF sizing and the construction of the MXene/PEI-CB and MXene conductive network on the CF surface. This design effectively separates the low-conductivity impact-resistant layer (AF) from the high-conductivity shielding layer (CF) in space, thereby eliminating the concentration conflict associated with interface modification. As a result, compared to the CM/PEEK composite, the asymmetric gradient design (ACM/PEEK) leads to a 26.9 % increase in the absorption coefficient (A), with the overall shielding effectiveness reaching 38.04 dB. Simultaneously, the nano-engineered interface, in conjunction with the intrinsic toughness of AF, effectively dissipates impact stress. Under an 8 J impact load, the peak load increases by 102.25 %, and the damage area is significantly reduced. This study successfully overcomes the traditional trade-off between mechanical robustness and EMI shielding performance. It offers a novel paradigm for the development of lightweight, structure-function integrated electromagnetic protection materials suitable for extreme service environment.
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