CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Chen Chen,Qiong Tang,Hong Xu,Mingxing Tang,Xuekuan Li,Lei Liu,Jinxiang Dong
Naphthenic base oil is an important lubricating base oil and very scarce in the global petroleum resources. Herein, a series of alkylated tetralin fluids similar to naphthenic base oils were produced by the alkylation of tetralin and α -olefins ( n -hexene, n -octene, n -decene) with ionic liquid Et 3 NHCl/AlCl 3 as the catalyst, where the applied raw materials are totally derived from the coal chemical industry. The product composition could be controlled by adjusting the feeding ratio of tetralin and olefin. The synthetic fluids were evaluated as lubricating base oils to reveal the structure–property correlations. Their principal physicochemical and tribological properties depend on the chain-length of α -olefins and the number of alkyl groups onto the aromatic rings. Bis-(octyl- or decyl-) alkyl tetralin exhibited good properties in terms of viscosity, thermo-oxidation stability and pour point, as well as friction-reducing and anti-wear performance, showing great potential for producing naphthenic base synthetic oils from coal-based chemicals.
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BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
·
2023
·Vol. 37
·期 4
·e5578
·
IF 1.8
Pan Lv,Fei Zhu,Meiyan Lv,Jiaqi Bao,Linying Lv,Xiangwei Xu,Yi Tao
In this study, we used a serum metabolomics methodology based on GC coupled with MS (GC–MS) to investigate the liver-protective effects of raw and stir-fried semen of Hovenia dulcis in rats models of carbon tetrachloride–induced liver injury. Multivariate statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, were performed to examine changes in the metabolic state of rats with carbon tetrachloride–induced liver injury, as well as the recovery pattern of rats pretreated with the raw and stir-fried semen of H. dulcis . Liver tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. A total of 47 biomarkers were predicted to contribute to the dynamic pathological processes in the liver injury, such as phenylalanine, glutamic acid, glycine, arachidonic acid and linoleic acid. Further analysis revealed that pathways associated with phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and linoleic acid metabolism were altered in the injured liver, and that pretreatment with raw and stir-fried semen of H. dulcis abolished the changes in the aforementioned metabolic pathways.
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LANGMUIR
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Zhaoyang Qi,Jinyi Chen,Jie Chen,Ting Qiu,Changshen Ye
Solid-supported ionic liquid catalysts (SILs) are the simplest form of a heterogenized ionic liquid and have attracted soaring attention because of the high catalytic activity as well as separation. Unfortunately, instability severely hinders their practical application, and the reason for the deactivation of SILs has not been investigated in detail. In the present study, the immobilized ionic liquid catalysts MIL-101-[IA-SO3H][HSO4] and MIL-101-[IA-COOH][HSO4] were prepared and used to study the stability in the esterification reaction. The results show that compared with MIL-101-[IA-COOH][HSO4], MIL-101-[IA-SO3H][HSO4] has a higher catalytic activity and a lower stability. The deactivation mechanism is discussed based on experiments and theoretical analysis: the protons on −SO3H dissociate in a polar solvent and combine with anion HSO4–, and then, the formative H2SO4 molecule will leach out into the solvent. Our discussion indicates that the stability of immobilized ionic liquids is determined by the substituents of ionic liquid cations and becomes the significant factor controlling the stability limits. The study presented here would be important for understanding the deactivation reason and can help in choosing the suitable cation to avoid leaching of the active site during the reaction.
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2023
·Vol. 234
·期 2
·1-12
·
IF 2.9
Khatun Most Munera,Islam Ashraful,Yan Chunjie,Nesa Most Jinnatun
A nano-ZnO semiconductor material loaded with mineral attapulgite (ATP) photocatalyst has been investigated. Using ATP as a carrier, a variety of various mixtures of ZnO/ATP composites was synthesized. A scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) were used to examine the morphology, synergistic effects, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO/ATP nanocomposites. The target pollutant for photocatalytic degradation is methylene blue solution. When ATP is mixed with pure ZnO, the degrading performance of composite nanomaterials in methylene blue solution is considerably enhanced. The degree of methylene blue degradation increases as the amount of ATP in the composite grows, and the degradation rate of ZnO/40% ATP can reach 96% in 45 min under solar light illumination. The amount of ATP in the system is excessive, and the adsorption effect is visible. The optimal composite ratio was determined to be ZnO/30% ATP. After discovering the ideal composite ratio and synergy of ZnO/ATP, g-C 3 N 4 was compounded in the aforesaid system, dramatically increasing the composite’s photocatalytic activity. At 45 min, the degradation rate of methylene blue reaches 97%. The absorption range and intensity of ternary composites increased, and the photogenerated electron-hole recombination rate decreases significantly. The reaction rate constant increases from 0.033 to 0.069 min −1 . SEM revealed rod-like attapulgite particles packed with tiny zinc oxide particles and a moderate layered structure of C 3 N 4 . The XRD pattern indicated that C 3 N 4 ’s crystallinity is poor and ZnO’s peak intensity is excessively high, masking the composite material’s distinctive peaks. The degradation rate of g-C 3 N 4 /ZnO/30% ATP to methylene blue was found to be 91.5% after 5 cycles.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Zunrui Zhong,Ziliang Rui,Zide Wu,Xinyu Zhai,Sisheng Yang,Hao Peng
In view of the present scarcity in the study of very low temperature (<−100 °C) phase change materials (PCMs) and the typical high volatility issue of these low temperature PCMs, the present work aims to develop the potential PCMs and select an appropriate anti-volatile method for cryogenic applications. In this work, cryogenic C 7 ∼C 9 n-alkanes were selected to prepare C 7 -C 8 and C 7 -C 9 binary systems, and their phase equilibrium behavior and thermophysical properties were investigated. For volatility problem, anti-volatility emulsion templates were successfully synthesized by high-energy emulsification method. The volatilization rate of the emulsion templates was characterized by combining DSC and mass transfer model, and the preparation parameters of the emulsion template with the finest anti-volatility were obtained. The results show that the eutectic compositions of C 7 -C 8 and C 7 -C 9 binary systems are 12 wt%C 8 and 10 wt%C 9 , respectively. Both eutectic systems have eutectic temperatures suitable (−99.4 °C for C 7 -C 8 , −103.1 °C for C 7 -C 9 ), satisfactory melting enthalpy (127.6 J/g for C 7 -C 8 , 129.7J/g for C 7 -C 9 ), and good phase transformation reversibility for cryogenic energy storage. Under the optimized preparation parameters (WOR=2:1, EOR=18%, HLB=11.44), the volatilization coefficient of emulsion template is reduced from the maximum of 0.01408/min to 0.00236/min, which implies that the anti-volatility of emulsion is enhanced by nearly 6 times.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Jiawei Liu,Abdisamad Ahmed Abdirahman,Xuliang Wang,Yanlei Su
A method of assembling nanofilms for nanofiltration (NF) composite membranes with ultra-high desalination performance was developed in this work. A series of graphene quantum dots enhanced polyamide (GPA) nanofilms were primarily prepared via support-free interfacial polymerization. Subsequently, the NF composite membranes with two GPA nanofilms (GPA-GPA) layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly were elaborately designed to achieve effective desalination process. The residual amine groups and acyl chloride groups on the surfaces of GPA nanofilms reasonably formed a nascent polyamide (PA) interlayer between two functional layers. The separation performance of GPA-GPA assembly membranes was dramatically developed through the in-situ formed PA interlayer with network pore structure . Most of assembled NF membranes exhibited Na 2 SO 4 rejection rate above 99.5%, and the permeance was above 20.0 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 . This creative strategy of in-situ constructing PA interlayer opened up an innovative path for the design of NF membranes with excellent desalination performance.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Qiumei Hou,Jingxuan Cai,Li Zuo,Hui Chen,Yuchuan Fu,Jianyi Shen
Supported Ni (60 wt% Ni) catalysts were prepared and phosphided into corresponding Ni 2 P catalysts. They were used for the hydrogenation of furfural as well as for the probe reactions (the hydrogenation of furan and propanal). The results demonstrated that the acidic support promoted the adsorption and hydrogenation of furan ring and aldehyde group over the nickel sites while the basic support played the opposite role. The IR spectra demonstrated that the aldehyde group was more easily hydrogenated than the furan ring at room temperature, implying the sequential hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol (FA) and then to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) over Ni. The microcalorimetric studies revealed that both the aldehyde group and furan ring were strongly adsorbed on Ni so that the Ni catalysts were highly active to hydrogenate the two groups, i.e., the Ni catalysts favored the formation of THFA. On the other side, although the adsorption heats of aldehyde group were much lower on Ni 2 P than on Ni, the adsorption heats were significantly higher for aldehyde group than for furan ring on Ni 2 P, implying the high selectivity to FA on Ni 2 P.
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Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 2
·315
·
IF 2.9
Daping Zhou,Haijun Wei,Zhiwen Tan,Shuye Xue,Ye Qiu,Shen Wu
Since the implementation of the sulfur cap legislation in 2020, marine very-low-sulfur fuel oil, often known as VLSFO, has become a crucial source of fuel for the contemporary shipping industry. However, both the production and utilization processes of VLSFO are plagued by the poor miscibility of the cutter fraction and the residual fraction, which can result in the precipitation of asphaltene. In this study, biodiesel was chosen as a cutter fraction to improve the stability and compatibility of asphaltene in VLSFO because of its environmental benefit and strong solubility. The average chemical structure of asphaltene derived from the marine low-sulfur fuel oil sample was analyzed using element analysis, FTIR,1HNMR, and time-flight spectroscopy. The composition of biodiesel was analyzed using GC-MS. It was found that the asphaltene had a feature of a short side chain, low H/C ratio, high aromaticity, and a high proportion of heteroatoms. Both laboratory experiments and molecular dynamic simulations were applied to investigate the dispersion effect and mechanism compared with other dispersants. The dispersion effect of biodiesel was studied using measurements of the initial precipitation point (IPP), dispersion improvement rate, and morphology of asphaltene in the model oil. Experimental results revealed that biodiesel was fully compatible with heavy fuel oil and that it can postpone the IPP from 46% to 54% and increase the dispersion improvement rate to 35%. Molecular dynamics (MDs) simulation results show that biodiesel can form strong interactions with the fused aromatics structures and heteroatoms in the asphaltene; such interactions can increase the solubility of asphaltene and acts as a “connection bridge” to promote the dispersion effect of asphaltene molecules.Keywords:biodiesel;marine very-low-sulfur fuel oil;asphaltene dispersion;average molecular structure;molecular dynamic simulation
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Chengming Wu,Quan Wang,Jifan Li,Chun-Ling Liu,Wen-Sheng Dong
Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived platform chemicals into bulk chemicals p -xylene (PX) is appealing yet challenging due to low catalytic efficiency and severe reaction conditions. In this work, we fabricated a series of phosphate-modified ZrO 2 /SBA-15 ( x P-Zr/SBA-15) via adjusting the addition of phosphoric acid, and used them for the catalytic conversion biomass-derived 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) and ethylene to PX. Because of the enhanced adsorption capability for the reactant molecules (DMF and ethylene) and the good synergistic effect between Brønsted acid sites (P-OH) and Lewis acid sites (Zr 4+ ), 30P-Zr/SBA-15 revealed an excellent catalytic performance in the selective conversion of DMF into PX. The DMF conversion was 98.5%, PX yield was 92.0% at 250 °C for 12 h, and the corresponding PX productivity was upto 50.5 mmol PX ·g cat −1 ·h −1 . The results are far superior to those obtained on most previously reported catalysts in the literature under similar reaction conditions. The kinetic study revealed that 30P-Zr/SBA-15 has a lower apparent activation energy for the tandem reaction including the Diels-Alder reaction (57.0 kJ·mo −1 ) and dehydration reaction (37.7 kJ·mo −1 ). Moreover, the 30P-Zr/SBA-15 catalyst exhibited the excellent recyclability and could be recycled at least six times without a significant loss of activity. On the basis of the temperature-programmed surface reaction of DMF and ethylene, a reasonable reaction mechanism was proposed.
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Materials Today Communications
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Mingchao Wang,Zhiji Zhou,Zilong Liang,Shaowen Du,Guoshuai Cai,Xiangjian Wang,Yunlei Zhou,Haijun Zhang
Hydromagnesite (HM) is a widely distributed primary natural carbonate mineral . To expand the application range of hydromagnesite and tap its fire-extinguishing potential, a new type of high-efficiency KHCO 3 @HM dry powder was prepared by coating potassium bicarbonate on the surface of hydromagnesite with a dip coating method. KHCO 3 @HM dry powder obtained a chemical inhibition effect through this method, and the fire extinguishing efficiency has been further improved. A series of tests were carried out to confirm the excellent physical and chemical inhibition effect of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder. Specific surface area tests showed that the specific surface area of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder (31.405 m 2 /g) was higher than NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder (12.766 m 2 /g). Flowability tests showed that KHCO 3 @HM dry powder (0.04 g/s) achieved the same flowability as NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder (0.04 g/s). Local oil basin fire experiments showed that the average fire extinguishing time of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder was shorter with less powder consumption. Under 0.2 MPa driving pressure, the fire extinguishing time of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder was 2.2 s faster than NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder, and the dry powder consumption was 3.71 g less than NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder. The cooling effect of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder (208 ℃) in 10 s was better than NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder (157 ℃), and KHCO 3 @HM dry powder (399 ppm) showed a better smoke suppression effect than NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder (545 ppm). The pyrolysis of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder reduced the fire temperature, diluted the oxygen concentration, and captured free radicals. The final pyrolysis products formed a thick oxide film to provide good heat insulation and asphyxiation effects. The excellent cooling, dilution, asphyxiation, and chemical inhibition mechanisms of KHCO 3 @HM dry powder were demonstrated, and finally achieved a comprehensive performance comparable to NH 4 H 2 PO 4 dry powder.
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JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Yu Dong,Qiuyang Zhao,Hui Jin,Yan Miao,Yanlong Zhang,Xuetao Wang,Liejin Guo
Hydrogen donation is the key to supercritical water upgrading of heavy oil, because it benefits light distillate production and inhibits condensation , but the mechanism is still unclear. In this work, an isotope tracing method, combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses, was used to elucidate the hydrogen donation mechanism in supercritical water upgrading of asphaltenes . In asphaltenes upgrading, it was found that the aliphatic carbon at the end of the side chain of asphaltene macromolecules could capture deuterium from supercritical heavy water via free radical reactions , and the deuteration ratio at this position was 11 %. For supercritical water upgrading of vacuum residue which is generally considered as a system of asphaltenes dissolved in maltenes, the existing maltenes enhanced hydrogen donation to asphaltenes. Further, a possible hydrogen donation pathway was proposed. This work provides an in-depth understanding of the hydrogen donation mechanism for supercritical water upgrading.
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RSC Advances
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 50
·35689-35694
·
IF 3.9
Huandi Hou,Ting Wang,Baohuan Wang,Wenting Guo,Xiang Miao,Xin Liang
Co–Mo–S based catalysts have promising applications in both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS). Herein, Co–Mo–S catalyst and Co–Mo–S catalyst with and without NaBH4 modification have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method. Co–Mo–S catalysts with NaBH4 modification show better catalytic activity towards both HDS and the HER. The phase purity, morphology, crystal structures and electron valence distribution of the catalysts with and without NaBH4 modification were studied by experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations. The catalysts without NaBH4 modification are mostly 2H-MoS2, while the catalysts without NaBH4 modification have 1T-MoS2, and 1T-MoS2 is exposed to more active sites, which will be conducive to the results of HDS performance of the catalyst. DFT calculations investigated the required activation energies of 1T-MoS2 and 2H-MoS2 for HDS and HER, respectively. The activation energy required for both HDS and H2 generation of 1T-MoS2 is significantly lower than that for the 2H-MoS2 structure.
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