Materials
·
2024
·
IF 3.1
Jing Zhan,Liangchen Mao,Rongshui Qin,Jing Qian,Xiaowei Mu
Biomass has been widely used due to its environmental friendliness, sustainability, and low toxicity. In this study, aminophosphorylated cellulose (PNC), a biomass flame retardant containing phosphorus and nitrogen, was synthesized by esterification from cellulose and introduced into polyurethane to prepare flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam. The combustion properties of the PU and PU/PNC composites were studied using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, and cone calorimeter (CCT) methods. The thermal degradation behavior of the PU and PU/PNC composites was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR). The char layer after combustion was characterized using SEM, Raman, and XPS. The experimental results showed that the introduction of PNC significantly improved the flame-retardant effect and safety of PU/PNC composites. Adding 15 wt% PNC to PU resulted in a vertical burning grade of V-0 and a limiting oxygen index of 23.5%. Compared to the pure sample, the residual char content of PU/PNC15 in a nitrogen atmosphere increased by 181%, and the total heat release (THR) decreased by 56.3%. A Raman analysis of the char layer after CCT combustion revealed that the ID/IG ratio of PU/PNC15 decreased from 4.11 to 3.61, indicating that the flame retardant could increase the stability of the char layer. The TG-IR results showed that PNC diluted the concentration of O 2 and combustible gases by releasing inert gases such as CO 2 . These findings suggest that the developed PU/PNC composites have significant potential for real-world applications, particularly in industries requiring enhanced fire safety, such as construction, transportation, and electronics. The use of PNC provides an eco-friendly alternative to traditional flame retardants. This research paves the way for the development of safer, more sustainable, and environmentally friendly fire-resistant materials for a wide range of applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·
IF 2.189
Xiaosheng Du,Jingchuan Li,Shuang Wang,Haibo Wang,Xu Cheng,Zongliang Du
A series of novel polyurethane foams (PUFs) with polyethylene oxide segments as side chain were prepared by adding diethanolamine modified methoxypolyethylene glycol (DMPEG) into the foaming system. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that the PUFs with polyethylene oxide segments as side chain exhibited much higher thermal energy storage (TES) capacity than PUFs with polyethylene oxide segments as main chain. Besides, the TES capacity of PUFs improved with increasing weight percentage of DMPEG added to the foaming system. Thermal conductivity testing and computer-aided thermal measurement indicated that the addition of DMPEG into the foaming system significantly improved the thermal insulating property and thermoregulation property of the PUFs. The cell diameter, compressive strength, and compressive modulus of PUFs decreased slightly with increasing amount of DMPEG added to the foaming system. The accelerated thermal cycling test and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the synthesized PUFs exhibited good thermal reliability and stability, which is highly important for thermal energy storage applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2015
·Vol. 132
·期 32
·
IF 1.768
Xia Gao,Keping Chen,Shuen Liang,Chunchun Fan,Yigang Huang,Xiaorong Jia,Chunrong Tian,Jianhua Wang
Poly(propylene oxide) (PPO)-grafted nanosilica (NS)/polyurethane foam (PUF) composites were synthesized by a ring-opening polymerization catalytic process and reaction-molding technology. The raw NS and PPO–NS were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, and compressive strength tests were used to compare the morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of the PPO–NS/PUF and raw NS/PUF composites with a series of filler contents. The PPO–NS/PUF composites generally exhibited better morphology, thermal and mechanical properties than raw NS/PUF composites. Moreover, the PPO–NS/PUF composites with lower contents (0.5, 1 php) of filler showed even higher mechanical reinforcement than that with higher contents (1.5, 2 php) of filler, which was caused by the interaction between additives and PUF matrix. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 42400.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
·
2017
·
IF 1.051
Qianqiong Zhao,Congyan Chen,Ruilan Fan,Yong Yuan,Yalin Xing,Xiao Ma
A halogen-free flame retardant containing nitrogen and phosphorus, 2-[anilino-(6-oxobenzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinin-6-yl)methyl]phenol (PDOP), has been synthesized by reaction of benzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinine-6-oxide (DOPO) with 2-(N-phenyliminomethyl)phenol. Halogen-free flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF-PDOP) were prepared using PDOP as a flame retardant. The flammability was investigated using limiting oxygen index, a vertical burning test (UL-94), and a cone calorimeter. When PDOP (10 wt%) as flame retardant was added to RPUF (RPUF-PDOP10%), the limiting oxygen index value was increased from 18% to 27%, and a UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved; meanwhile, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and the average mass-loss rates of RPUF-PDOP10% were reduced from 246 to 207 kW m−2, from 26.9 to 21.0 MJ/m2, and from 0.043 to 0.033 g/s, respectively. Especially, the initial decomposition temperature of RPUF-PDOP10% was decreased from 228°C to 209°C. The final residual char from decomposition of RPUF-PDOP10% was significantly increased up to 35.6%. The addition of PDOP did not markedly decrease the mechanical properties of the resulting flame-retardant RPUFs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Shengping Dai,Jingping Yao,Longhua Zeng,Jinlong Shuai,Yan Zhong,Hongmei Chen,Cheng Liu,Wentong Chen,Yan Sui
High bonding strength and adhesion stability performance adhesives are essential for many fields, including electronic packaging, and interface bonding, etc. However, ultra-high and stable adhesion imposes higher requirements on the structure and properties of soft adhesives. Herein, A ultra-high adhesion, adhesion stability performance soft adhesive was developed by soft polyurethane foam. PuFA x (polyurethane foam adhesive) demonstrated outstanding flexibility (maximum compressive strength of 62.86 kPa), and ultra-high adhesion strength (up to 81.42 MPa for Cu). The gas generated by the physical foaming of PuFA x serves as an internal driving force, facilitating the formation of a mechanical interlocking structure between the polyurethane chains and the substrates. Thus, it forms a synergistic effect with chemical coupling, further enhancing the bonding strength. In terms of environmental adaptability, PuFA x exhibited excellent solvent-resistant adhesion stability performance under harsh conditions, including exposure to solvents such as DMSO, CH 2 Cl 2 , C 2 H 5 OH, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, and H 2 O. Furthermore, PuFA x demonstrated outstanding stable adhesion properties even in high-temperature aqueous solutions with a temperature as high as 100 °C and throughout a prolonged aging process that can extend up to 12 months. The design strategy of PuFA x provided a new way to develop an outstanding soft adhesive candidate with ultra-high and stable adhesion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 15.7
Gao Haoyu,Huang Xianmei,Arockiyasamy Abilash Rosario,Zhou Xuan,Ding Xiaohong,Zheng Longhui,Liu Yilong,Ye Fuquan,Weng Zixiang,Wu Lixin
Vat photopolymerization 3D printed flexible polymer foams, characterized by their porosity and lightweight nature, are in high demand for applications in thermal insulation, sound absorption, noise reduction, and biomedicine. The vat photopolymerization used UV-curable resin composed of oligomer can provide excellent fabrication accuracy, however the high cross-linking density after curing prevents the green part from expanding and further being processed into foam parts. In this work, a facile additive manufacturing polyurethane foam preparation method that successfully balances fabrication accuracy and expansion ratio is presented. The oligomer containing difunctional dynamic polyurea bonds in the resin system ensures the printing accuracy. Additionally, the dynamic urea bonds disassociate under a heating condition, reducing the cross-linking density and providing free space for expansion. Moreover, heat stimulated chain extension and crosslinking enhance the stretchability of the foams, demonstrating a strain of up to 650% at a density of 0.25 g/cm 3 . This work addresses the challenge associated with fabricating free foaming parts via vat photopolymerization by delivering favourable surface quality and high expansion ratio without compromising mechanical properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Xiwei Guo,Yijie Li,Qian Zhang,Dongxu Wang,Lin Fang,Zhifen Wang,Xingfang Xiao,Yucang Zhang
Interfacial solar-driven evaporation technology offers a sustainable and efficient solution to the global water crisis by harnessing solar energy to extract clean water from contaminated sources. Herein, we present a novel biomass-based polyurethane (PU) foam platform, engineered with carbon-based materials and a porous structure, for highly efficient solar-thermal desalination. To enhance both hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties, liquefied chitin, a sustainable biopolymer derived from marine waste, was innovatively utilized as a natural foaming agent. By integrating a hydrophilic polyacrylamide (PAM) layer and optimizing the dispersion of photothermal carbon materials, the designed foams exhibit rapid solar energy absorption and unidirectional water transport. This synergistic system achieves an exceptional water evaporation rate of 2.74 kg·m −2 h −1 and significantly reduces the water evaporation enthalpy by ~36.76 % (from 2248 J g −1 to 1548 J g −1 ). Remarkably, the desalinated water meets superior purity standards, with ion concentrations reduced to below 1 ppm, far exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for potable water. This innovative, eco-friendly strategy not only provides a scalable approach for seawater desalination but also holds great promise for advanced wastewater purification, offering a sustainable pathway to address global water scarcity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
可持续发展
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Jiayan Zhang,Qiaole Yu,Haibo Zhao,Zihao Wang,Bowen Liu,Furong Zeng
Polyurethane foam (PUF) finds widespread application in transportation and interior design owing to its lightweight, thermal insulation, and processability. However, its inherent flammability raises substantial fire safety concerns, limiting use in safety-critical applications. Although flame-retardant coatings offer a viable solution, combining collaborative fire prevention with simple and green manufacturing processes through sophisticated structural design remains a major challenge for interface and applied science. Herein, a self-polymerization/Schiff base assembly strategy is proposed for fabricating dual-crosslinked nanocoatings, which is compatible with a facile one-pot in situ impregnation coating process. The developed coating system exhibits outstanding efficacy in suppressing heat/smoke generation and toxic gas emissions while preserving the mechanical integrity of foam substrates. The uniform and compact nanocoating structure, combined with its multifunctional flame-retardant mechanisms, including synergistic radical quenching, inert gas dilution, and graphitized carbon-rich barrier formation endows the foam with rapid self-extinguishing capability without melt dripping. Notably, the treated foam exhibits significantly reduced heat release (−58.4 %), smoke release (−72.9 % reduction), and toxicity emission. This strategy combines processing simplicity with environmental benefits, enabling scalable production. Our work establishes a new paradigm for designing high-performance, eco-friendly bio-based flame-retardant coatings, advancing next-generation fire-safe polymeric foam materials for widespread applications.
研究领域:
高分子材料科学
·
阻燃化学
·
纳米技术
·
绿色制造
·
火灾安全工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 44
·期 38
·16351-16357
·
IF 3.288
Xin Liu,Fengjuan Guo,Yaping Dong,Wu Li
Recently, superamphiphilic materials have attracted significant attention because of their excellent affinity towards both water and oil. In this study, a novel but simple strategy to endow carbon cloth and polyurethane (PU) foam with amphibious superamphiphilicity (i.e., superamphiphilicity simultaneously in air and in a pre-wetted state) has been demonstrated. Results showed that the surface wettability of the carbon cloth changed from hydrophobic to superamphiphilic by increasing the acidification time using HNO3, which manifested the contact angle of 0° for water and oils irrespective of the state (at dry state or pre-wetted with water or oil) under which the surface was put. Subsequently, the superamphiphilic PU foam was fabricated based on a simple acidification method, and possessed an excellent superamphiphilicity with water and oil fluids taking less than 19 seconds to spread completely on the surface when the PU foam was in a dry state or pre-wetted with water or oil. Moreover, the PU foam exhibited a high storage capacity for water and oil, up to 9–12 times of its own weight. The discovery of this superamphiphilic foam will provide a versatile and effective way for the development of superwetting materials and their applications in self-cleaning and anti-fouling fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2019
·
IF 6.282
Yubin Huang,Saihua Jiang,Runcan Liang,Zhiwei Liao,Gexin You
Nowadays, halogen-free high flame retardance of rigid polyurethane (RPU) foam without deteriorating its intrinsic performances is still a great challenge. Here, a green surface flame-retardant (SFR) strategy of RPU foam was proposed. In detail, a new halogen-free UV-curable self-extinguished coating was developed and then combined onto the surface of RPU, obtaining a surface flame-retardant RPU foam system (SFR-RPU). The SFR-RPU foams exhibit highly-efficient flame retardancy at a coating thickness of 25 µm, showing a fast self-extinguishing behavior. A compact porous char layer served as a good barrier can be rapidly formed on the surface of SFR-RPU. The detailed flame-retardant mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, when compared to neat RPU, the compressive strength of SFR-RPU foams is enhanced and the heat-insulation property is maintained perfectly. This facile, low-cost and environmental-friendly post-treatment of RPU foam could expand its fire safe commercial applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
E-POLYMERS
·
2019
·Vol. 19
·期 1
·563-573
·
IF 1.491
Zeyu Xia,Zhengzhou Wang
Expanded vermiculite (EV) was introduced into rigid polyurethane (RPU) foam. The incorporation of 10 wt% EV into RPU foam increases the compressive strength and the flexural strength by 82% and by 115%, respectively compared with untreated RPU foam. The LOI of RPU foam containing 20 wt% EV is only 19.5%. To further improve the flame retardancy of RPU/EV composite foam, melamine phenylphosphate (MPP) was synthesized and introduced into the RPU/EV composite foam. The RPU/EV composite foam with 15% MPP (sample RPU/EV/MPP15) has a LOI of 27.5% and a V0 rating in the vertical UL-94 test. The PHRR and THR of sample RPU/EV/MPP15 decrease by 39% and 24%, respectively, compared with the ones of untreated RPU/EV composite foam. The compressive strength and flexural strength of RPU/EV/MPP composite foam gradually decrease with the increase in the amount of MPP. TGA results indicated that the addition of MPP further increase the residue char of the RPU/EV composite foam.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.217
Gang Tang,Xinliang Liu,Yadong Yang,Depeng Chen,Hao Zhang,Lin Zhou,Ping Zhang,Haohao Jiang,Dan Deng
Steel slag (SS) waste was microencapsulated by a 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-derived silane via sol–gel reaction to improve its compatibility with polymer as well as to enhance flame retardant efficiency. The modified steel slag (mSS) was combined with expanded graphite (EG) as flame retardant system for rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs). The RPUF-3 sample with 10 wt% mSS and 10 wt% EG showed an optimal comprehensive performance including a compressive strength of 206.9 kPa, a thermal conductivity of 0.0304 W/(m·K), a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 24.0% and UL-94 V-0 classification. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the RPUF-3 dropped by 55% and 47%, respectively. By comparison, the RPUF-6 sample with 10 wt% SS and 10 wt% EG exhibited poorer flame-retardant behaviors. The superior flame retardancy of RPUF-3 over RPUF-6 could be ascribed to phosphorus-silicon complex in mSS promoted charring that provided better barrier effect during combustion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）